CN108693326A - Soil displacement field and the visual experimental rig of seepage field and test method under a kind of simulation dyke building preloading - Google Patents
Soil displacement field and the visual experimental rig of seepage field and test method under a kind of simulation dyke building preloading Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Soil displacement field and the visual experimental rig of seepage field and test method, device include under a kind of simulation dyke building preloading:One head regulating device, including water feeding tank, holder, spring, card slot etc.;One model test groove, interior place of the model test groove are saturated transparent soil, and the transparent soil of saturation is interior to be inserted into plastic draining board, and the transparent soil top laying PVC film of saturation, load plate is placed on the PVC film top;One vertical loading system, is made of load montant, top plate, fixed pulley, steel wire rope, motor etc.;One data acquisition and analysis system is made of laser, industrial camera, computer etc..The present invention is using transparent native technology and Computer Image Processing the software realization visual inspection of the indoor simulation and soil displacement field and seepage field of preloading is saturated, and device is simple, easy to operate, and economic feasibility is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to geotechnical engineering visualization technique field, more particularly under a kind of simulation dyke building preloading
Soil displacement field and the visual experimental rig of seepage field and test method.
Background technology
As China's economic society improves continuously and healthily, riverine and coastal city is continued due to its geographic advantage
Development, also rapidly increases the construction of the demand and infrastructure in soil, however the limitation of country " arable land red line " policy
So that riverine and coastal drastically declines using land resources area per capita, the deficiency of construction land, which has become, restricts riverine and coastal city
City's economy continues the bottleneck of rapid growth.In order to alleviate the situation of this land used anxiety, the numerous and confused Selection utilization of East Coastal provinces and cities
Beach encloses sea, encloses Jiang Zaolu, and the saturated dredger soft soil of large area comes into being.But newly deposited barged-in fill have natural moisture content it is high,
The features such as natural void ratio is big, high-compressibility, low-intensity, therefore cannot be used directly as structure foundation, it needs to carry out
It anticipates to meet requirement for bearing capacity.The method of currently used processing saturated dredger soft soil is preloading, utilizes soil body table
The vacuum environment that face is formed, while applying certain load to soil body surface, the soil body is discharged along displacement hull in the water in the soil body.
But the construction requirement of preloading mostly comes from engineering practice, studies it deep not enough, this needs researcher
It puts into more energy clearly to explain its mechanism of action, preferably to instruct engineering practice.Indoor model test is just
It is a kind of extraordinary method.
Before this invention, China's application patent of invention " settling column test instrument that vacuum preloading and piling prepressing are combined and
Test method " (application number 201710603195.2) discloses one kind by vacuum tube, water pocket, sensor for pore water pressure, drain bar, bottom
The settling column test device and test method, the technical solution that the vacuum preloading and piling prepressing of the compositions such as seat are combined not only may be used
Effectively to obtain the variation that different radial position holes are pressed in consolidation process, and may be implemented to change by changing hydraulic pressure size
Become preloading value, it is simple in structure, it is easy to left-hand seat.But the inventive technique does not account for seepage field and is drained admittedly to the soil body under piling prepressing
The influence of knot, also, due to the opacity of the soil body, it is difficult to soil during soft clay piling prepressing in especially dyke building
The change procedures such as stress, strain and the seepage field of body carry out visual inspection, therefore have some limitations.
Being saturated transparent soil material is had by physico-mechanical properties transparent grain material mixing similar with natural soil particle
The liquid of identical refractive index is prepared, and transparence is presented because solid, liquid two-phase refractive index is identical, and its physico-mechanical properties
It is similar to natural earth;Being saturated transparent soil material, transparent visual is good, prepares the advantages that easy, similar to the property of soil because it has
It is widely used in civil engineering experiment field.Therefore, using transparent soil material is saturated, a kind of simulation dyke work is proposed
Soil displacement field and the visual experimental rig of seepage field and test method just seem particularly necessary under journey preloading.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above shortcomings and defect, soil under a kind of simulation dyke building preloading of proposition
Body displacement field and the visual experimental rig of seepage field and test method, solve indoor dyke building soft clay preloading
Lower soil displacement field and the sightless problem of seepage field realize land movement under simulation dyke building soft clay preloading
The visual inspection of field and seepage field.
In order to achieve the above technical purposes, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
Soil displacement field and the visual experimental rig of seepage field and experiment under a kind of simulation dyke building preloading
Method, it is characterised in that:
One head regulating device, including water feeding tank 2, holder 4, spring 3, card slot 5 etc.;
One model test groove 16, the interior placement saturation transparent native 15 of the model test groove 16 are described to be saturated in transparent native 15
It is inserted into plastic draining board 12, transparent native 15 top of saturation is laid with PVC film 23, and load is placed on 23 top of the PVC film
Plate 22;
One data acquisition and analysis system is made of laser 13, industrial camera 10, computer 11 etc., wherein the laser
Device 13 is placed in the right of model test groove 16, and the industrial camera 10 is placed in the front of model test groove 16;
The computer 11 is connected with industrial camera 10, laser displacement sensor 19, motor 6;
Supporting rod in the holder 4 is equipped with sliding slot 1 along longitudinal direction, and water feeding tank 2 can realize the freedom of vertical direction along sliding slot 1
It is mobile;
Supporting rod in the holder 4 is equipped with card slot 5 along longitudinal direction;
2 bottom of the water feeding tank is equipped with spring 3, and the other end of the spring 3 is connected with 4 bottom of holder;
The vertical loading system includes:First fixed pulley 17, the second fixed pulley 17, top plate 18, steel wire rope 14, bottom plate
9 and motor 6, wherein 18 lower surface of top plate is located at 18 4 corner locations of top plate and is respectively fixedly connected with the first fixed pulley 17, described
9 upper surface of bottom plate is respectively fixedly connected with the second fixed pulley 17 with 17 corresponding position of the first fixed pulley, and 18 lower surface of top plate connects steel
One end of cord 14, the other end of steel wire rope 14 are connected after being sequentially connected the first fixed pulley 17, the second fixed pulley 17 with motor 6;
Soil displacement field and the visual test method of seepage field under a kind of simulation dyke building preloading, feature
It is:
It is saturated transparent native 15 accordingly 1. being configured according to test requirements document, pours into model test groove 16, and model is tried
Check of foundation subsoil 16 is fixed on bottom plate 9;
It is inserted into plastic draining board 12 in saturation transparent native 15 and is laid with PVC film 23, modeling being saturated transparent native 15 surface
Material drain bar 12 is connected with 25 one end of vacuum tube, and 25 other end of vacuum tube is connected with vacuum pump 21;
Assemble head regulating device, and injection and hole of the saturation transparent native 15 with identical refractive index in water feeding tank 2
Fluid;
Assemble vertical loading system;
2. opening laser 13, after power stability, the angle of adjustment laser section makes it vertically squeeze into the transparent soil of saturation
15 samples form bright speckle field;
Can include entirely to be saturated transparent native 15, and it is set with 2 3. adjusting the visual range of industrial camera 10
The speed acquisition of width/s is saturated transparent native 15 image and is sent to computer 11;
4. compressed spring 3, to certain altitude, water feeding tank 2 is moved up and down along 4 sliding slot 1 of holder after loosing one's grip, wait for that spring 3 restores former
It is long, it looses one's grip after it is compressed to identical height again, repeated several times;
5. opening laser displacement sensor 19, displacement sensor is recorded to the distance of PVC film 23;Start motor 6, leads to
It crosses steel wire rope 14 and load montant 20 and applies vertical load to being saturated transparent native 15;Start vacuum pump 21, starts discharging consolidation, water
Stream is discharged followed by after plastic draining board 12 and vacuum tube 25 through vacuum pump 21;
6. when displacement sensor recorded data is no longer substantially change, stops experiment, water feeding tank 2 is highly dropped
Below down to 16 height of model test groove and pull out the power supply of vacuum pump 21;
7. after the test, being analyzed the picture obtained by computer-processing software PIV, dyke building is obtained
The change procedure of soil displacement field and seepage field under preloading.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1) apparatus of the present invention are easily understood, are easy to operate, and economic feasibility is high, dyke under the fine simulation full-scale condition of energy
The process of engineering piling prepressing;
2) present invention has innovatively merged the transparent native technology of saturation and computer image processing technology and by it with extremely
In the simulation of indoor preloading, solve soil displacement field and the sightless problem of seepage field in preloading;
3) head height in water head equipment of the present invention can be according to sinusoidal variation, fine simulation dyke building medium wave
Influence of the unrestrained dynamic load to soil displacement field in preloading and seepage field.
Description of the drawings:
Fig. 1 is the system schematic of apparatus of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of card slot 5 in apparatus of the present invention
Wherein:1 is sliding slot;2 be water feeding tank;3 be spring;4 be holder;5 be card slot;6 be motor;7 be tongs;8 are
Flowmeter;9 be bottom plate;10 be industrial camera;11 be computer;12 be plastic draining board;13 be laser;14 be steel wire rope;
15 be the transparent soil of saturation;16 be model test groove;17 be fixed pulley;18 be top plate;19 be laser displacement sensor;20 be load
Montant;21 be vacuum pump;22 be load plate;23 be PVC film;24 be feed pipe;25 be vacuum tube.
Specific implementation mode:
Below by the attached drawing in knot and specific embodiment and present example, technical scheme of the present invention is carried out clear
Chu, complete description.
As shown in Figure 1, soil displacement field and seepage field are visually tested under a kind of simulation dyke building preloading
Device, it is characterised in that:
One head regulating device, including water feeding tank 2, holder 4, spring 3, card slot 5 etc.;
One model test groove 16, the interior placement saturation transparent native 15 of the model test groove 16 are described to be saturated in transparent native 15
It is inserted into plastic draining board 12, transparent native 15 top of saturation is laid with PVC film 23, and load is placed on 23 top of the PVC film
Plate 22;
One data acquisition and analysis system is made of laser 13, industrial camera 10, computer 11 etc., wherein the laser
Device 13 is placed in the right of model test groove 16, and the industrial camera 10 is placed in the front of model test groove 16;The meter
Calculation machine 11 is connected with industrial camera 10, laser displacement sensor 19, motor 6;
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the computer 11 and industrial camera 10, laser displacement sensor 19,
Motor 6 is connected;
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the supporting rod in the holder 4 is equipped with sliding slot 1, water feeding tank 2 along longitudinal direction
Moving freely for vertical direction can be realized along sliding slot 1;
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the supporting rod in the holder 4 is equipped with card slot 5 along longitudinal direction;
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, 2 bottom of the water feeding tank is equipped with spring 3, the other end of the spring 3
It is connected with 4 bottom of holder;
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the vertical loading system includes:First fixed pulley 17, second is fixed
Pulley 17, top plate 18, steel wire rope 14, bottom plate 9 and motor 6, wherein 18 lower surface of top plate is located at 18 4 corner locations of top plate point
It is not fixedly connected with the first fixed pulley 17,9 upper surface of the bottom plate is respectively fixedly connected with second with 17 corresponding position of the first fixed pulley
Fixed pulley 17, one end of 18 lower surface connecting steel wire ropes 14 of top plate, the other end of steel wire rope 14 be sequentially connected the first fixed pulley 17,
It is connected with motor 6 after second fixed pulley 17;
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, saturation transparent native 15 is molten for the mixing of n-dodecane and ten No. five white oils
Liquid mixes stirring until made by homogeneous transparent with tekite sand;
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, computer graphic camera processing software is PIV;
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the feed pipe 24 is equipped with tongs 7 and flowmeter 8.
Embodiment 1:
The first step:The optical table of a standard is placed in a smooth laboratory, model examination is placed on optical table
Check of foundation subsoil 16, and keep uniform light in place;Model test groove 16 employed in this example is by meeting having for translucency requirement
Machine glass is made, and size is 400 (length) × 1200 (width) × 300 (height) (units:Mm), thickness 5mm, upper opening, institute
The side for the model test groove 16 stated is set there are three opening, is connected with head regulating device;
According to the simulated dyke building soil body of this experiment physico-mechanical properties (including moisture content, void ratio, angle of friction,
Cohesive strength etc.) design matching and comparing for the transparent native 15 each constituent of saturation;Transparent native 15 system of saturation employed in this example
Preparation Method is that n-dodecane and ten No. five white oils (are set as 24 DEG C) according to certain matter at a certain temperature in this example
Amount is than (being set as 1 in this example:4) form mixed solution, the refractive index of the mixed solution is 1.487, and with suitable stone
Sand mixes stirring until homogeneous transparent, is prepared into saturation transparent native 15;
Transparent native 15 layering of the saturation prepared is poured into model test groove 16 and vibration compacting, in model test groove 16
Depth direction be inserted into 16 plastic draining boards 12, model test groove 16 length and width direction be inserted into 8 plastic drainings
Plate 12 is simultaneously connected with the plastic draining board of depth direction 12;Plastic draining board 12 employed in this example is the really macro nonwoven in Yangzhou
The A-D class drain bars of fabric Co., Ltd production;It is saturated transparent native 15 top and is laid with PVC film 23, employed in this example
23 size of PVC film is 450 (length) × 1250 (width) (units:Mm), surrounding is inserted into saturation transparent native 15;Plastic draining board 12
It is connected with one end of vacuum tube 25, the other end of vacuum tube 25 is connected with vacuum pump 21;
Second step:Water Level Regulating System is installed by experimental rig requirement, injection and transparent native 15 tool of saturation in water feeding tank 2
Have a pore-fluid of identical refractive index, in this example using with (this at the same temperature of transparent liquid in saturation transparent native 15
It is 24 DEG C in example) match and than (being 1 in this example according to identical:4) n-dodecane made of and ten No. five white oil mixed solutions,
The refractive index of the mixed solution is 1.487;The bottom of the water feeding tank 2 is installed by 4 springs 3, the bullet employed in this example
Spring 3 is the compressed spring of 3 factory of Suzhou Jia Yuan springs production, wherein line footpath 16mm, outer diameter 110mm, length 300mm;The spring 3
The other end be connected with 4 bottom of holder;
Third walks:Laser 13 is placed in the front-left of model test groove 16, the laser 13 employed in this example is
Semiconductor chip light source using intracavity He-Ne laser, power 2V, and is furnished with converter,linear, can convert point light source to
Linear light sorurce.Laser 13 is opened, and adjusts its specific location, makes the saturation transparent native 15 in its Alignment model test flume 16,
Form bright speckle field;Laser 13 in this example is vertical with the alien invasion of model test groove 16 at a distance of 350mm;
4th step:Industrial camera 10, the industrial camera employed in this example are placed in the front of model test groove 16
10 be German Basler products (scA1600-14fm);Industrial camera 10 is opened, and adjusts the height and angle of its holder 4, is made
The alien invasion for obtaining the camera lens perpendicular alignmnet model test groove 16 of industrial camera 10 ensures that its visual range can include entire saturation
Transparent native 15;Industrial camera 10 is connected with computer 11, and setting industrial camera 10 with the frequency collection image of 2 width/second and transmits
To computer 11;
5th step:To certain altitude, water feeding tank 2 moves up and down compressed spring 3 along 4 sliding slot 1 of holder after loosing one's grip, and waits for spring 3
Restore former long, looses one's grip after it is compressed to identical height again, repeated several times;
6th step:Laser displacement sensor 19 is opened, records laser displacement sensor 19 to the distance of PVC film 23;
Start motor 6, vertical uniform load is applied to being saturated transparent native 15 by steel wire rope 14 and load montant 20, load is by 50KPa
Start to increase step by step, increase 50KPa every time, each interval time is more than 30min;When laser displacement sensor 19 reading no longer
The after-applied next stage load of significant change occurs;It opens tongs 7 and starts vacuum pump 21, start discharging consolidation, saturation is transparent
Osmotic fluid in soil 15 is discharged followed by after plastic draining board 12, vacuum tube 25 through vacuum pump 21;
7th step:After no longer significant change occurs for the reading of displacement sensor after increasing load step by step, stop experiment simultaneously
Pull out the power supply of vacuum pump 21;
8th step:After the test, the picture obtained is analyzed by 11 processing software PIV of computer, is obtained
The visualization process of soil displacement field and seepage field under dyke building preloading.
Embodiment 2:
Example 1 is soil displacement field and seepage field under dyke building preloading are studied under the premise of varying head visual
Change process, and for the change procedure of soil displacement field and seepage field in preloading under the premise of constant head, it can implement
Five embodiment is changed the step on the basis of example 1, specific improvement is as follows:Compressed spring 3 is to setting height and corresponding positions are arranged
The card slot 5 set is to prevent the longitudinal movement of water feeding tank 2, as shown in Figure 2;Spring 3 employed in this example is Suzhou Jia Yuan bullets
The compressed spring 3 of 3 factory of spring production, wherein line footpath 16mm, outer diameter 110mm, length 300mm;Other steps are the same as embodiment 1;
The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be said that
Present invention specific implementation is confined to these explanations.For those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs, not
Under the premise of being detached from present inventive concept, several simple deductions and replacement can also be made, all shall be regarded as belonging to the guarantor of the present invention
Protect range.
Claims (6)
1. soil displacement field and the visual experimental rig of seepage field, feature exist under a kind of simulation dyke building preloading
In:
One head regulating device, including water feeding tank 2, holder 4, spring 3, card slot 5 etc.;
One model test groove 16, the model test groove 16 is interior to place saturation transparent native 15, transparent native 15 interior insertion of the saturation
Plastic draining board 12, transparent native 15 top of saturation are laid with PVC film 23, and load plate 22 is placed on 23 top of the PVC film;
One data acquisition and analysis system is made of laser 13, industrial camera 10, computer 11 etc., wherein the laser 13
It is placed in the right of model test groove 16, the industrial camera 10 is placed in the front of model test groove 16;
The computer 11 is connected with industrial camera 10, laser displacement sensor 19, motor 6.
2. soil displacement field and seepage flow are field visualized under a kind of simulation dyke building preloading according to claim 1
Experimental rig, it is characterised in that:Supporting rod in the holder 4 is equipped with sliding slot 1 along longitudinal direction, and water feeding tank 2 can be realized along sliding slot 1
Vertical direction moves freely.
3. soil displacement field and seepage flow are field visualized under a kind of simulation dyke building preloading according to claim 1
Experimental rig, it is characterised in that:Supporting rod in the holder 4 is equipped with card slot 5 along longitudinal direction.
4. soil displacement field and seepage flow are field visualized under a kind of simulation dyke building preloading according to claim 1
Experimental rig, it is characterised in that:2 bottom of the water feeding tank is equipped with spring 3, the other end and the 4 bottom phase of holder of the spring 3
Even.
5. soil displacement field and seepage flow are field visualized under a kind of simulation dyke building preloading according to claim 1
Experimental rig, it is characterised in that:The vertical loading system includes:First fixed pulley 17, the second fixed pulley 17, top plate
18, steel wire rope 14, bottom plate 9 and motor 6, wherein it is fixed sliding that four corner locations of 18 lower surface of top plate are respectively fixedly connected with first
Wheel 17,9 upper surface of the bottom plate are respectively fixedly connected with the second fixed pulley 17,18 following table of top plate with 17 corresponding position of the first fixed pulley
One end of face connecting steel wire ropes 14, the other end of steel wire rope 14 are sequentially connected after the first fixed pulley 17, the second fixed pulley 17 and electricity
Machine 6 is connected.
6. soil displacement field and the visual test method of seepage field, feature exist under a kind of simulation dyke building preloading
In:
It is saturated transparent native 15 accordingly 1. being configured according to test requirements document, pours into model test groove 16, and by model test groove
16 are fixed on bottom plate 9;
It is inserted into plastic draining board 12 in saturation transparent native 15 and is laid with PVC film 23, plastic row being saturated transparent native 15 surface
Water plate 12 is connected with 25 one end of vacuum tube, and 25 other end of vacuum tube is connected with vacuum pump 21;
Assemble head regulating device, and injection and pore-fluid of the saturation transparent native 15 with identical refractive index in water feeding tank 2;
Assemble vertical loading system;
2. opening laser 13, after power stability, the angle of adjustment laser section makes it vertically squeeze into saturation transparent native 15
Sample forms bright speckle field;
3. adjusting the visual range of industrial camera 10, it can include entirely to be saturated transparent native 15, it is set with the speed of 2 width/s
Degree acquisition is saturated transparent native 15 image and is sent to computer 11;
4. compressed spring 3, to certain altitude, the sliding slot 1 along holder 4 of water feeding tank 2 moves up and down after loosing one's grip, wait for that spring 3 restores former
It is long, it looses one's grip after it is compressed to identical height again, repeated several times;
5. opening laser displacement sensor 19, displacement sensor is recorded to the distance of PVC film 23;Start motor 6, passes through steel
Cord 14 and load montant 20 apply vertical load to being saturated transparent native 15;Start vacuum pump 21, start discharging consolidation, flow according to
Secondary flow through is discharged through vacuum pump 21 after plastic draining board 12 and vacuum tube 25;
6. when no longer significant change occurs for displacement sensor recorded data, stops experiment, 2 height of water feeding tank is reduced to
Below 16 height of model test groove and pull out the power supply of vacuum pump 21;
7. after the test, being analyzed obtained picture by computer-processing software PIV, it is pre- to obtain dyke building preloading
The change procedure of soil displacement field and seepage field under platen press.
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| CN109147541A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-01-04 | 郑州大学 | Soil body penetration crash simulation device and application method |
| CN109883992A (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2019-06-14 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of method for transformation of emulation flow field image RGB and refractive index field distribution |
| CN111413487A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-07-14 | 大连理工大学 | Offshore and offshore artificial island settlement deformation test device and test method |
| CN112505291A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-03-16 | 河海大学 | Test device and method for heavy metal precipitation and solidification of river and lake bottom mud and foundation reinforcement |
| CN113358531A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-09-07 | 重庆大学 | Transparent soil model test device for simulating influence of underground retaining wall structure on groundwater seepage and test method thereof |
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