CN101988886A - Simulation test device for studying slope runoff and underground hole fissure flow - Google Patents
Simulation test device for studying slope runoff and underground hole fissure flow Download PDFInfo
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- CN101988886A CN101988886A CN 201010545602 CN201010545602A CN101988886A CN 101988886 A CN101988886 A CN 101988886A CN 201010545602 CN201010545602 CN 201010545602 CN 201010545602 A CN201010545602 A CN 201010545602A CN 101988886 A CN101988886 A CN 101988886A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a simulation test device for studying slope runoff and an underground hole fissure flow. A bearing and a rotating shaft are arranged at one end of a support frame. One end of channel steel is welded to the rotating shaft. The channel steel has an upper bottom plate and coamings which are welded integrally, and a lower bottom plate movably connected with the upper bottom plate, wherein the upper and lower bottom plates are uniformly provided with fissure holes with a consistent size; one end of the lower bottom plate is connected with a speed reducer by a shaft; the speed reducer is connected with an operating rod; three coamings are provided with interflow holes; collector grooves and water outlets are reserved below the interflow holes outside the three coamings; the coaming A close to one end of the speed reducer is provided with a V-shaped collection opening, and the coaming B at the other end is provided with a hanger hole; and a hole fissure flow collector groove plate is arranged below the lower bottom plate. A lifting frame (3) is provided with a pulley, a steel chain and a hanger. The simulation test device, as a simulating rainfall test device, has a sloping surface which can be adjusted between 0 to 45 degrees, and a hole fissure ratio which can be adjusted between 0 to 8 percent, and provides an effective method for studies on soil erosion mechanisms of karst regions.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental science, pedology research field, relate to a kind of test unit of studying rainwash and run in depth, particularly a kind of simulation test device that is used to study slope runoff and underground porous dehiscence crack stream.
Background technology
The stony desertification of karst, southwest has become the serious restraining factors of southwest economic development, karst region, southwest area reaches more than 50 ten thousand square kilometres, the stony desertification area also reaches 9.42 ten thousand square kilometres, karst area crack, cave are full of twists and turns, crisscross, it is underground to cause rainwater to leak into rapidly, and underground underground river water storage is quite abundant.Surface soil runs off with rainwater, makes face of land exposed bedrock, and the regolith is discontinuous, so the underground porous dehiscence crack degree of research karst has very important realistic meaning.Artificially-simulated rainfall provides new thinking for research slope soil erosion mechanism, not only need not be cumbersome, and can be by the control test condition as open-air runoff plots collection data, and the rule of the simulation varying environment research soil erosion.But device in the past is to be used to study rainwash mostly, a kind of " rainwash is measured facility and measuring method thereof " disclosed as Chinese patent 00128153.4, Chinese patent 200810102681.7 discloses a kind of " agricultural land underground eluviation and surface runoff in situ monitoring integration device ", run in depth research is less, a kind of " based on the lake ecological water need analysis technology of function setting method " disclosed as Chinese patent 200910170085.7, it is more few that flow in research porous dehiscence crack, and underground porous dehiscence crack degree can not regulated at will.Therefore, need development both can regulate the gradient, test unit that again can adjustment hole crack degree, particularly very crucial in the soil erosion that research southwest karst slope runoff and underground porous dehiscence crack stream cause, do not see the report of this respect so far.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned shortcoming and a kind of simulation test device that is used to study slope runoff and underground porous dehiscence crack stream is provided, widely distribute at underground crack, karst, it is the main path of karst soil erosion, this device can be regulated between 0-45 ° as the artificially-simulated rainfall test unit gradient, porous dehiscence crack degree is regulated at 0-8%, for the soil erosion mechanism of accelerating the research karst provides effective method.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of simulation test device that is used to study slope runoff and underground porous dehiscence crack stream is made up of bracing frame, steel tank and crane, and an end of bracing frame has bearing and rotating shaft, and steel tank one end is welded in the rotating shaft; Steel tank by between two by the rectangle base plate of bearing and four rectangular parallelepiped grooves that coaming plate is formed on every side, upper plate is fixedlyed connected with coaming plate, lower shoe and upper plate are movably connected, upper plate and lower shoe evenly are equipped with fissure hole of the same size, one end of lower shoe is connected with speed reduction unit by axle, speed reduction unit attended operation bar; Before and after coaming plate and be equipped with the interflow hole by the coaming plate of speed reduction unit one end, under the interflow hole in three weeks afflux groove and water delivering orifice are arranged, in order to collecting the interflow that produces, be provided with V-arrangement by the coaming plate of speed reduction unit one end and collect mouthful, the coaming plate of the other end is provided with hook hole; Also be provided with porous dehiscence crack adfluxion chute plate under the lower shoe; Crane is provided with pulley, steel chain and hook.
The long 4m of above-mentioned steel tank, wide 1.5m, dark 35cm, upper plate and lower shoe are the 1cm steel plate, and fissure hole diameter 5cm has 26 * 8.
Above-mentioned coaming plate interflow bore dia 2cm, the front and back coaming plate respectively has 39 * 3, and consistent with it by the coaming plate interflow hole of the coaming plate of speed reduction unit, the afflux groove in three weeks has three roads, leans on speed reduction unit one end that water delivering orifice is arranged.
Establish operation board and operating grip on the above-mentioned control lever, by the slip of speed reduction unit control lower shoe.
Above-mentioned preceding coaming plate is provided with viewport and pointer, and pointer is connected with lower shoe, is convenient to observe the degree of regulation of lower shoe.
Above-mentioned porous dehiscence crack adfluxion chute plate is made by aluminium sheet.
During use, the adjusting of the gradient by control lifting steel tank height, is regulated the gradient by the control of the pulley on the support, and gradient 0-45 ° any adjustable; The adjusting of porous dehiscence crack degree is the relative displacement of regulating lower shoe by speed reduction unit, by bearing two perforated floor are misplaced, area formula according to circular arc calculates single interstitial surface area, calculate the aggregate level projected area at last and be porous dehiscence crack degree with the percent of testing steel tank floor level projected area, factor of porosity 0-8% is adjustable arbitrarily; Steel tank below and side are equipped with the runoff gathering-device, and following feeder connects together with the bottom of steel tank, and when steel tank was lifted, feeder is and then lifting also, are welded with V-type at the front end of steel tank and collect mouth, and the runoff that comes out can be collected with container.
The present invention compared with prior art has tangible advantage and beneficial effect.By above technical scheme as can be known, the present invention has following advantage: can slide relatively between two base plates, be used for adjustment hole crack degree; Regulate the gradient by pulley lifting steel tank; Steel tank below and side are equipped with the runoff gathering-device, and following feeder connects together with the bottom of steel tank, and when steel tank was lifted, feeder is and then lifting also; Front end at groove is welded with V-type collection mouth, and the runoff that comes out can be collected with container.Use the present invention, can measure the top layer interflow of soil in domatic, underground porous dehiscence crack stream, the runoff and sediment process and the mechanism of rainwash, can also measure soil nutrient with the top layer interflow, the migration process of underground porous dehiscence crack stream and rainwash has important effect to the soil erosion mechanism of studying the karst.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the right view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a steel tank structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the vertical view of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is the right view of Fig. 3;
Fig. 6 is a bracing frame synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the vertical view of Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is user mode figure of the present invention.
Among the figure 1, bracing frame, 2, steel tank, 3, crane, 4, upper plate, 5, lower shoe, 6, fissure hole, 7, speed reduction unit, 8, control lever, 9, preceding coaming plate, 10, squab panel, 11, coaming plate A, 12, the interflow hole, 13, the afflux groove, 14, water delivering orifice, 15, V-arrangement is collected mouthful, and 16, coaming plate B, 17, hook hole, 18, porous dehiscence crack adfluxion chute plate, 19, pulley, 20, steel chain, 21, hook, 22, operation board, 23, operating grip, 24, viewport, 25, pointer, 26, rotating shaft.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment, to a kind of simulation test device embodiment, structure, feature and effect thereof that is used to study slope runoff and underground porous dehiscence crack stream that foundation the present invention proposes, describe in detail as after.
Referring to Fig. 1-8, a kind of simulation test device that is used to study slope runoff and underground porous dehiscence crack stream of the present invention is made up of bracing frame 1, steel tank 2 and crane 3, and wherein an end of bracing frame 1 has bearing and rotating shaft 26, and steel tank 2 one ends are welded in the rotating shaft 26; Steel tank 2 by between two by the rectangle base plate of bearing and four rectangular parallelepiped grooves that coaming plate is formed on every side, upper plate 4 is fixedlyed connected with coaming plate, lower shoe 5 and upper plate 4 are movably connected, upper plate 4 and lower shoe 5 evenly are equipped with fissure hole 6 of the same size, one end of lower shoe 5 is connected with speed reduction unit 7 by axle, speed reduction unit 7 attended operation bars 8; Before coaming plate 9, squab panel 10 and be equipped with interflow hole 12 by the coaming plate A11 of speed reduction unit one end, the interflow hole in three weeks has afflux groove 13 and water delivering orifice 14 for 12 times, in order to collect the interflow that produces, coaming plate A11 by speed reduction unit one end is provided with V-arrangement collection mouth 15, and the coaming plate B16 of the other end is provided with hook hole 17; Lower shoe also is provided with porous dehiscence crack adfluxion chute plate 18 for 5 times; Crane 3 is provided with pulley 19, steel chain 20 and links up with 21.
Above-mentioned steel tank 2 long 4m, wide 1.5m, dark 35cm, upper plate 4 and lower shoe 5 are the 1cm steel plate, and fissure hole 6 diameter 5cm have 26 * 8.
Above-mentioned coaming plate interflow hole 12 diameter 2cm, the front and back coaming plate respectively has 39 * 3, and consistent with it by the coaming plate A11 interflow hole 12 of the coaming plate of speed reduction unit, the afflux groove 13 in three weeks has three roads, leans on speed reduction unit one end that water delivering orifice 14 is arranged.
Establish operation board 22 and operating grip 23 on the above-mentioned control lever 8, by the slip of speed reduction unit 7 control lower shoes 5.
Above-mentioned preceding coaming plate 9 is provided with viewport 24 and pointer 25, and pointer 25 is connected with lower shoe 5, is convenient to observe the degree of regulation of lower shoe.
Above-mentioned porous dehiscence crack adfluxion chute plate 18 is made by aluminium sheet.
During use, the adjusting of the gradient by control lifting steel tank height, is regulated the gradient by the control of the pulley on the support, and gradient 0-45 ° any adjustable; The adjusting of porous dehiscence crack degree is the relative displacement of regulating lower shoe by speed reduction unit, by bearing two perforated floor are misplaced, area formula according to circular arc calculates single interstitial surface area, calculate the aggregate level projected area at last and be porous dehiscence crack degree with the percent of testing steel tank floor level projected area, factor of porosity 0-8% is adjustable arbitrarily; Steel tank below and side are equipped with the runoff gathering-device, and following feeder connects together with the bottom of steel tank, and when steel tank was lifted, feeder is and then lifting also, are welded with V-type at the front end of steel tank and collect mouth, and the runoff that comes out can be collected with container.
The above, it only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not that the present invention is done any pro forma restriction, any technical solution of the present invention content that do not break away from,, all still belong in the scope of technical solution of the present invention any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification that above embodiment did according to technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a simulation test device that is used to study slope runoff and underground porous dehiscence crack stream is made up of bracing frame (1), steel tank (2) and crane (3), and it is characterized in that: an end of bracing frame (1) has bearing and rotating shaft, and steel tank (2) one ends are welded in the rotating shaft; Steel tank (2) by between two by the rectangle base plate of bearing and four rectangular parallelepiped grooves that coaming plate is formed on every side, upper plate (4) and coaming plate are integrally welded, lower shoe (5) and upper plate (4) are movably connected, upper plate (4) and lower shoe (5) evenly are provided with fissure hole of the same size (6), one end of lower shoe (5) is connected with speed reduction unit (7) by axle, speed reduction unit (7) attended operation bar (8); Before coaming plate (9), squab panel (10) and be provided with interflow hole (12) by the coaming plate A (11) of speed reduction unit one end, afflux groove (13) and water delivering orifice (14) are arranged under the interflow hole (12) in three weeks, coaming plate A (11) by speed reduction unit one end is provided with V-arrangement collection mouthful (15), and the coaming plate B (16) of the other end is provided with hook hole (17); Also be provided with porous dehiscence crack adfluxion chute plate (18) under the lower shoe (5); Crane (3) is provided with pulley (19), steel chain (20) and hook (21).
2. a kind of simulation test device that is used to study slope runoff and underground porous dehiscence crack stream as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the long 4m of steel tank (2), wide 1.5m, dark 35cm, upper plate (4) and lower shoe (5) are the 1cm steel plate, fissure hole (6) diameter 5cm.
3. a kind of simulation test device that is used to study slope runoff and underground porous dehiscence crack stream as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: coaming plate interflow hole (12) diameter 2cm, interflow hole (12) the next part chute (13) in three weeks has three roads, by speed reduction unit one end water delivering orifice (14) is arranged.
4. a kind of simulation test device that is used to study slope runoff and underground porous dehiscence crack stream as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: establish operation board (22) and operating grip (23) on the control lever (8).
5. a kind of simulation test device that is used to study slope runoff and underground porous dehiscence crack stream as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: preceding coaming plate (9) is provided with viewport (24) and pointer (25), and pointer (25) is connected with lower shoe (5).
6. a kind of simulation test device that is used to study slope runoff and underground porous dehiscence crack stream as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: porous dehiscence crack adfluxion chute plate (18) is made by aluminium sheet.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010105456027A CN101988886B (en) | 2010-11-16 | 2010-11-16 | Simulation test device for studying slope runoff and underground hole fissure flow |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010105456027A CN101988886B (en) | 2010-11-16 | 2010-11-16 | Simulation test device for studying slope runoff and underground hole fissure flow |
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| CN101988886A true CN101988886A (en) | 2011-03-23 |
| CN101988886B CN101988886B (en) | 2012-05-02 |
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| CN2010105456027A Expired - Fee Related CN101988886B (en) | 2010-11-16 | 2010-11-16 | Simulation test device for studying slope runoff and underground hole fissure flow |
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Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102854300A (en) * | 2012-10-16 | 2013-01-02 | 贵州大学 | Measuring method for researching runoff and sediment production rule of overland flow and underground pore fracture flow |
| CN103454404A (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2013-12-18 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | Miniature soil hydrologic monitoring system suitable for high-heterogeneity karst sloping field |
| CN103454403A (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2013-12-18 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | Soil erosion and nutrient migration simulating device applicable to Karst regions |
| CN103743884A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-04-23 | 北京林业大学 | Rainfall erosion measuring box and soil erosion amount measuring method |
| CN104280528A (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2015-01-14 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Earth surface runoff simulation system |
| CN104535295A (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2015-04-22 | 山东科技大学 | Multi-functional experimental device for simulating bevel flowing water force factor and experimental method thereof |
| CN104977049A (en) * | 2014-04-03 | 2015-10-14 | 南京林业大学 | Mobile measuring device and measuring method for grade-change runoff components |
| CN105092821A (en) * | 2015-08-13 | 2015-11-25 | 北京林业大学 | Slope water balance field observation device and observation method using the device |
| CN106526125A (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2017-03-22 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Dual-varying-slope erosion groove and interflow determining instrument and determining method thereof |
| CN108362635A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-08-03 | 贵州大学 | A kind of method and its device of the soil erosion of research engineering soil-rock mixture |
| CN108519476A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-09-11 | 中国农业大学 | Karst bedrock fracture water and soil misses the analogy method and device of process |
| CN108593505A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-09-28 | 贵州大学 | A kind of analysis method of karst soil underground leakage |
| CN109443998A (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2019-03-08 | 江西省水土保持科学研究院 | A kind of removable change slope experimental rig observed rainwash and be layered interflow |
| CN110133222A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-08-16 | 贵州师范大学 | A kind of Karst region water and soil leakage water-salt migration monitoring method |
| CN110174505A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-08-27 | 贵州师范大学 | It is a kind of for the runoff pond of Karst Rocky Desertification Region and its installation and application |
| CN110646590A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-01-03 | 贵州大学 | Water and soil loss measurement-based water and soil conservation scheme determination method and system |
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Cited By (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102854300A (en) * | 2012-10-16 | 2013-01-02 | 贵州大学 | Measuring method for researching runoff and sediment production rule of overland flow and underground pore fracture flow |
| CN104280528A (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2015-01-14 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Earth surface runoff simulation system |
| CN103454404A (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2013-12-18 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | Miniature soil hydrologic monitoring system suitable for high-heterogeneity karst sloping field |
| CN103454403A (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2013-12-18 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | Soil erosion and nutrient migration simulating device applicable to Karst regions |
| CN103743884A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-04-23 | 北京林业大学 | Rainfall erosion measuring box and soil erosion amount measuring method |
| CN103743884B (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2016-01-13 | 北京林业大学 | The measuring method of case and soil erosion amount is measured in a kind of rainfall erosion |
| CN104977049A (en) * | 2014-04-03 | 2015-10-14 | 南京林业大学 | Mobile measuring device and measuring method for grade-change runoff components |
| CN104535295A (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2015-04-22 | 山东科技大学 | Multi-functional experimental device for simulating bevel flowing water force factor and experimental method thereof |
| CN104535295B (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2017-02-22 | 山东科技大学 | Multi-functional experimental device for simulating bevel flowing water force factor and experimental method thereof |
| CN105092821A (en) * | 2015-08-13 | 2015-11-25 | 北京林业大学 | Slope water balance field observation device and observation method using the device |
| CN106526125A (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2017-03-22 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Dual-varying-slope erosion groove and interflow determining instrument and determining method thereof |
| CN108519476A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-09-11 | 中国农业大学 | Karst bedrock fracture water and soil misses the analogy method and device of process |
| CN108519476B (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2020-09-18 | 中国农业大学 | Simulation method and device for water and soil leakage process of karst bedrock cracks |
| CN108593505A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-09-28 | 贵州大学 | A kind of analysis method of karst soil underground leakage |
| CN108593505B (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2020-09-29 | 贵州大学 | Analysis method for underground soil leakage in karst region |
| CN108362635A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-08-03 | 贵州大学 | A kind of method and its device of the soil erosion of research engineering soil-rock mixture |
| CN109443998A (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2019-03-08 | 江西省水土保持科学研究院 | A kind of removable change slope experimental rig observed rainwash and be layered interflow |
| CN110133222A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-08-16 | 贵州师范大学 | A kind of Karst region water and soil leakage water-salt migration monitoring method |
| CN110174505A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-08-27 | 贵州师范大学 | It is a kind of for the runoff pond of Karst Rocky Desertification Region and its installation and application |
| CN110646590A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-01-03 | 贵州大学 | Water and soil loss measurement-based water and soil conservation scheme determination method and system |
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