CN201859104U - Simulation test device for researching sheet flow and underground hole fissure flow - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a simulation test device for studying slope surface runoff and underground hole fissure flow. One end of a support frame is provided with a bearing and a rotating shaft, and one end of a steel groove is welded on the rotating shaft; One body, the lower base plate and the upper base plate are flexibly connected, the upper base plate and the lower base plate are uniformly provided with crack holes of the same size, one end of the lower base plate is connected with a reducer through a shaft, and the reducer is connected to the operating rod; the three surrounding plates are provided with soil flow holes , There is a collecting tank and a water outlet under the flow hole in the outer soil of the three surrounding plates, a V-shaped collection port is provided on the coaming A at one end of the reducer, and a hook hole is provided on the coaming B at the other end; there is also a hook hole under the lower bottom plate Hole crack flow collecting tank plate; pulleys, steel chains and hooks are arranged on the lifting frame (3). The utility model can be used as an artificial simulated rainfall test device, the slope can be adjusted between 0-45°, and the pore fissure can be adjusted at 0-8%, which provides an effective method for speeding up the study of the soil erosion mechanism in karst areas.

Description

A simulation test device for studying slope runoff and underground hole fracture flow

technical field

The utility model belongs to the fields of environmental science and soil science research, and relates to a test device for studying surface runoff and underground runoff, in particular to a simulation test device for studying slope surface runoff and underground hole fissure flow.

Background technique

The rocky desertification in the Southwest karst area has become a serious constraint factor for the economic development of the Southwest region. The area of the southwest karst area is more than 500,000 square kilometers, and the area of rocky desertification has also reached 94,200 square kilometers. The cracks and caves in the karst area are tortuous and criss-cross , causing rainwater to quickly seep into the ground, and the underground river has abundant water storage. The surface soil is lost together with the rain, which makes the surface bedrock bare and the soil cover discontinuous. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the underground pore fissures in karst areas. Artificial rainfall simulation provides a new idea for studying the mechanism of slope soil erosion. Not only does it not need to collect data as in the field runoff plot, it is also possible to study the law of soil erosion by simulating different environments by controlling the test conditions. However, most of the previous devices were used to study surface runoff. For example, Chinese patent 00128153.4 discloses a "surface runoff measurement facility and its measurement method", and Chinese patent 200810102681.7 discloses an "in-situ monitoring of farmland underground leaching and surface runoff." There are few studies on underground runoff. For example, Chinese patent 200910170085.7 discloses a "lake ecological water demand analysis technology based on function setting method". Feel free to adjust. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a test device that can adjust both the slope and the pore fissure, especially in the study of soil erosion caused by karst slope runoff and underground pore fissure flow in Southwest China. There has been no report in this regard so far.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the above shortcomings and provide a simulation test device for the study of slope runoff and underground hole fissure flow, in view of the wide distribution of underground fissures in karst areas, which is the main way of soil erosion in karst areas, this device serves as The slope of the artificial simulated rainfall test device can be adjusted between 0-45°, and the porosity can be adjusted between 0-8%, which provides an effective method for accelerating the study of soil erosion mechanism in karst areas.

The technical scheme adopted in the utility model is:

A simulation test device for studying slope runoff and underground hole fissure flow. It consists of a support frame, a steel channel and a lifting frame. One end of the support frame has a bearing and a rotating shaft, and one end of the steel channel is welded on the rotating shaft; the steel channel is made of Two rectangular bottom plates with bearings between them and a cuboid groove composed of four surrounding plates, the upper bottom plate and the surrounding plate are fixedly connected, the lower bottom plate and the upper bottom plate are connected flexibly, and the upper bottom plate and the lower bottom plate are evenly punched with crack holes of the same size One end of the lower bottom plate is connected to the reducer through the shaft, and the reducer is connected to the operating rod; the front and rear panels and the panel at the end of the reducer are punched with soil flow holes, and there are collecting tanks and water outlets under the three surrounding soil flow holes. To collect the generated soil flow, a V-shaped collection port is provided on the coaming plate at one end of the reducer, and a hook hole is provided on the coaming plate at the other end; there is also a hole and crack flow collecting tank plate under the lower bottom plate; on the lifting frame Equipped with pulleys, steel chains and hooks.

The above-mentioned steel channel is 4m long, 1.5m wide, and 35cm deep. Both the upper floor and the lower floor are 1cm steel plates. The diameter of the crack hole is 5cm, and there are 26×8 crack holes.

The diameter of the flow hole in the soil of the above-mentioned coaming is 2cm, and there are 39×3 pieces in the front and rear coamings respectively. Shuikou.

An operation panel and an operation handle are arranged on the above-mentioned operation rod, and the sliding of the lower bottom plate is controlled through the reducer.

The above-mentioned front panel is provided with an observation hole and a pointer, and the pointer is connected with the lower base plate to facilitate observation of the adjustment degree of the lower base plate.

The above-mentioned pore-fracture flow collecting tank plate is made of aluminum plate.

When in use, the adjustment of the slope is controlled by the pulley on the bracket, and the slope is adjusted by controlling the height of the lifting steel channel. The slope can be adjusted arbitrarily from 0 to 45°; the adjustment of the hole crack is to adjust the relative displacement of the bottom plate through the reducer Displace the two perforated bottom plates through bearings, calculate the single pore area according to the area formula of the arc, and finally calculate the percentage of the total horizontal projected area and the horizontal projected area of the test steel channel bottom plate, which is the hole crack degree, and the porosity is 0- 8% can be adjusted arbitrarily; runoff collection devices are installed on the bottom and sides of the steel trough, and the lower collecting trough is connected with the bottom of the steel trough. V-shaped collection port, the runoff can be collected with a container.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has obvious advantages and beneficial effects. It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the utility model has the following advantages: the two bottom plates can slide relative to each other to adjust the crack degree of the hole; the steel channel is lifted by the pulley to adjust the slope; the runoff collection device is installed under the steel channel and on the side. The collection tank is connected with the bottom of the steel tank. When the steel tank is lifted, the collection tank is also lifted; a V-shaped collection port is welded at the front end of the tank, and the runoff can be collected by a container. Using the utility model, it is possible to measure the runoff and sediment production process and mechanism of the surface soil flow in the soil slope, the underground hole fissure flow, and the surface runoff. It plays an important role in the study of soil erosion mechanism in karst areas.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the right view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of steel channel of the present utility model;

Fig. 4 is the top view of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is the right view of Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a support frame of the present utility model;

Figure 7 is a top view of Figure 6;

Fig. 8 is a diagram of the use status of the utility model.

In the figure 1, support frame, 2, steel channel, 3, lifting frame, 4, upper floor, 5, lower floor, 6, crack hole, 7, reducer, 8, operating rod, 9, dash panel, 10, Rear wall, 11, wall A, 12, soil flow hole, 13, collecting tank, 14, water outlet, 15, V-shaped collection port, 16, wall B, 17, hook hole, 18, hole crack flow Collector plate, 19, pulley, 20, steel chain, 21, hook, 22, operating panel, 23, operating handle, 24, observation hole, 25, pointer, 26, rotating shaft.

Detailed ways:

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, a detailed description of the specific implementation, structure, features and efficacy of a simulation test device for researching slope runoff and underground hole fissure flow proposed according to the present invention is as follows.

Referring to Figures 1-8, a simulation test device for studying slope runoff and underground hole fissure flow according to the utility model is composed of a support frame 1, a steel channel 2 and a lifting frame 3, wherein one end of the support frame 1 has a bearing And rotating shaft 26, one end of steel channel 2 is welded on the rotating shaft 26; Steel channel 2 is the rectangular parallelepiped groove that is formed by the rectangular bottom plate that has bearing between two and surrounding four coaming plates, upper bottom plate 4 is fixedly connected with coaming plate, and lower bottom plate 5 and the upper base plate 4 are flexibly connected, the upper base plate 4 and the lower base plate 5 are uniformly punched with crack holes 6 of the same size, one end of the lower base plate 5 is connected with a reducer 7 through a shaft, and the reducer 7 is connected to the operating rod 8; 9. The rear wall 10 and the wall A11 at one end of the reducer are punched with soil flow holes 12, and there are collecting tanks 13 and water outlets 14 under the soil flow holes 12 around the three sides to collect the generated soil flow. The coaming plate A11 at one end of the device is provided with a V-shaped collection port 15, and the coaming plate B16 at the other end is provided with a hook hole 17; the lower bottom plate 5 is also provided with a hole and crack flow collector plate 18; the lifting frame 3 is provided with pulleys 19. Steel chain 20 and hook 21.

The above-mentioned steel channel 2 is 4m long, 1.5m wide, and 35cm deep. The upper base plate 4 and the lower base plate 5 are both 1 cm steel plates, and the crack holes 6 are 5 cm in diameter and have 26×8 pieces.

The flow hole 12 in the soil of the above-mentioned enclosure is 2cm in diameter, and the front and rear enclosures each have 39 × 3 pieces. The enclosure A11 of the enclosure of the speed reducer is consistent with the flow hole 12 in the soil. One end of the device has a water outlet 14.

The above-mentioned operating lever 8 is provided with an operating panel 22 and an operating handle 23 , and the sliding of the lower base plate 5 is controlled by the speed reducer 7 .

The above-mentioned dash panel 9 is provided with an observation hole 24 and a pointer 25, and the pointer 25 is connected with the lower base plate 5, which is convenient for observing the adjustment degree of the lower base plate.

The above-mentioned pore-fracture flow header plate 18 is made of aluminum plate.

When in use, the adjustment of the slope is controlled by the pulley on the bracket, and the slope is adjusted by controlling the height of the lifting steel channel. The slope can be adjusted arbitrarily from 0 to 45°; the adjustment of the hole crack is to adjust the relative displacement of the bottom plate through the reducer Displace the two perforated bottom plates through bearings, calculate the single pore area according to the area formula of the arc, and finally calculate the percentage of the total horizontal projected area and the horizontal projected area of the test steel channel bottom plate, which is the hole crack degree, and the porosity is 0- 8% can be adjusted arbitrarily; runoff collection devices are installed on the bottom and sides of the steel trough, and the lower collecting trough is connected with the bottom of the steel trough. V-shaped collection port, the runoff can be collected with a container.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the present utility model in any form. Any modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present utility model do not deviate from the content of the technical solution of the present utility model. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications still belong to the scope of the technical solution of the present utility model.

Claims (6)

1. A simulation test device for studying slope runoff and underground hole crack flow, consisting of support frame (1), steel channel (2) and lifting frame (3), is characterized in that: the support frame (1) One end has a bearing and a rotating shaft, and one end of the steel channel (2) is welded on the rotating shaft; the steel channel (2) is a cuboid groove composed of two rectangular base plates with bearings between them and four surrounding plates, and the upper base plate (4) and The coaming plate is welded into one body, the lower base plate (5) and the upper base plate (4) are flexibly connected, the upper base plate (4) and the lower base plate (5) are uniformly provided with crack holes (6) of the same size, and the lower base plate (5) One end is connected with a reducer (7) through a shaft, and the reducer (7) is connected with the operating rod (8); the front wall (9), the rear wall (10) and the wall A (11) at the end of the reducer are provided with There are flow holes (12) in the soil, there are collecting tanks (13) and water outlets (14) under the flow holes (12) in the three weeks, and the coaming plate A (11) at one end of the reducer is provided with a V-shaped collection port ( 15), the coaming plate B (16) at the other end is provided with the hook hole (17); the lower bottom plate (5) is also provided with the hole crack flow collecting tank plate (18); the lifting frame (3) is provided with a pulley ( 19), steel chain (20) and hook (21). 2. a kind of simulated test device for researching slope surface runoff and underground hole crack flow as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: steel channel (2) is long 4m, wide 1.5m, deep 35cm, upper base plate (4 ) and the lower base plate (5) are 1cm steel plates, and the diameter of the crack hole (6) is 5cm. 3. a kind of simulated test device for researching slope surface runoff and underground hole crack flow as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: flow hole (12) diameter 2cm in the surrounding plate soil, the flow hole (12) in the soil of three weeks ) The lower collecting tank (13) has three roads, and there is a water outlet (14) at one end of the speed reducer. 4. A simulation test device for studying slope runoff and underground hole fissure flow as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the operating lever (8) is provided with an operating panel (22) and an operating handle (23). 5. a kind of simulation test device for researching slope surface runoff and underground hole crack flow as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: cowl (9) is provided with observation hole (24) and pointer (25), The pointer (25) is connected with the lower base plate (5). 6. A kind of simulation test device for studying slope runoff and underground hole fissure flow as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the hole and fissure flow collecting tank plate (18) is made of aluminum plate.

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