CN108691349A - A kind of grass-planting ecological ditch and its application - Google Patents
A kind of grass-planting ecological ditch and its application Download PDFInfo
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- CN108691349A CN108691349A CN201810861544.5A CN201810861544A CN108691349A CN 108691349 A CN108691349 A CN 108691349A CN 201810861544 A CN201810861544 A CN 201810861544A CN 108691349 A CN108691349 A CN 108691349A
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/04—Gullies inlets, road sinks, floor drains with or without odour seals or sediment traps
- E03F5/0401—Gullies for use in roads or pavements
- E03F5/0404—Gullies for use in roads or pavements with a permanent or temporary filtering device; Filtering devices specially adapted therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
- A01G24/44—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form
- A01G24/46—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form multi-layered
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/60—Planning or developing urban green infrastructure
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of grass-planting ecological ditch and its application, the bottom of trench (10) of the grass-planting ecological ditch includes vegetable layer (1), planting soil layer (2), impervious barrier (3), sandy gravel stratum (4) and metalling (5) successively from top to bottom;The grass-planting ecological ditch further includes first furrow bank (8) and second furrow bank (9) of the setting in bottom of trench (10) both sides, first furrow bank (8) and the second furrow bank (9) are respectively provided with ecological rod (6), and ecological rod (6) includes the planting soil of bag body and bag body package;Ecological rod (6) surface is covered with vegetable layer (1).Vegetable layer, planting soil layer, impervious barrier, sandy gravel stratum and metalling is rationally arranged in the grass-planting ecological ditch of the present invention, and cooperation ecological rod piles up furrow bank and adapts to side slope, and compactness high-adaptability is good, stable structure, infiltration filtration effect is good, and flood season pressure is effectively relieved, and reduces storage water pollution.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to municipal works technical fields, and in particular to a kind of grass-planting ecological ditch and its application.
Background technology
With the rapid development of national economy and highway construction, requirement of the people to highway construction quality and level is increasingly
It is high.Highway will not only meet the functional requirements such as communications and transportation is quick, convenient, safe, but also will be with the natural ring that passes through area
Border fusion is unified, brings out the best in each other, sets off each other.Therefore improvement of the ecological environment has become highly important composition portion in highway construction
Point, become highway Planning level and an important symbol of construction quality.Ecological protection technology is that integrated use is each
The destruction of highway construction is limited in minimum zone by kind Ecological Measures, biological control measure, agronomic measures, management measure, is reduced to
Minimum degree.And the recovery measure of maximum possible is taken for the destruction having resulted in, the new ecosystem is rebuild, and have good
Security protection and landscape effect.
The method of existing highway both sides irrigation canals and ditches generally use hardening using cement concrete or builds piece stone structure.It is this
The irrigation canals and ditches of rigid structure do not have the function of nature infiltration, and water-holding capacity is poor, for laterally or longitudinally straight canal.Concrete structure is not only
It is unfavorable for the growth that penetrates of plant root, and does not have repair function to water body, is unfavorable for the structure of side slope entirety landscape.
CN202031005U discloses a kind of eco-drainage ditch, in pateriform be distributed, setting non-motorized lane with it is motor-driven
Include the ditch body with side slope between track, the ditch body includes bottom of trench, is divided into and lets out from the side slope to the bottom of trench direction
Stream area, buffering area and vadose region, the cross section of the ditch body are from top to bottom followed successively by vegetable layer, planting soil layer, metalling and ovum
Rock layers, it is spaced apart with needle-punched geotextiles between each section layering, it is provided with flexible porous tube in the boulder bed.Institute
It states ditch body longitudinal direction and is equipped with an overflow well every 30m~40m, the upper end opening of the overflow well is overflow port, the overflow port
It is connected to the drainpipe of the overflow bottom, the overflow well side is communicated with the flexible porous tube.The utility model pair
Initial rainwater high treating effect has ecological, environmental protective effect.CN207201426U discloses a kind of urban green space grass-planting ecological ditch,
Belong to municipal works technical field, which is arranged in pit shape in landscaped podium side, the city
Greenery patches grass-planting ecological ditch from top to bottom successively include vegetable layer, sandstone layer, planting soil layer, permeable geotextile layer, gravel layer and
Real soil layer, the gravel layer is interior to be equipped with water-permeable pipe, and the end of water-permeable pipe is connected with rain collection well, the permeable pipe outer wall covering
There is two layers of permeable geotextiles.The filterability of the urban green space grass-planting ecological ditch is good, effectively can control and cut down and enters receiving water body
Runoff pollution load.
But said program is respectively provided with permeable channel, increases draining cost, and side slope directly covers vegetable layer, vegetable layer and side
Slope compactness is poor, and vegetation growth is limited.Drainage ditch is built in slope surface, since foundation structure stability is bad, especially soil presss from both sides
Slope surface is accumulated in stone or embankment, often when sedimentation occurs for slopes or part caves in, is directly affected the integrality of irrigation canals and ditches, is broken
Phenomena such as, the water guide and drain function of flood season slope surface are seriously affected, causes slopes to collapse disaster, there are security risks.
Therefore it provides a kind of side slope efficiently drains and slopes stable structure, good penetrability, filterability are strong, can effectively reduce
Water body runoff pollution load is stored, while economical and beautiful grass-planting ecological ditch is of great significance and bright prospects.
Invention content
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art and actual demand, the present invention provide a kind of grass-planting ecological ditch, effective saving and row
Rainwater is let out, filterability is strong, reduces the pollution to receiving water body, and the precipitation permeated by grass planting ditch can be directly used for supplement side slope and plant
The moisture of tegillum, recycles, slopes stable structure, and ditch surface covers green, reparation slope landscape function, with wide application
Foreground and market value.
For this purpose, the present invention uses following technical scheme:
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a kind of grass-planting ecological ditch, the grass-planting ecological ditch is the groove of up concave type, the plant
The bottom of trench of careless ditch includes vegetable layer, planting soil layer, impervious barrier, sandy gravel stratum and metalling successively from top to bottom;The grass-planting ecological
Ditch further includes the first furrow bank and the second furrow bank being arranged in bottom of trench both sides, and the first furrow bank and the second furrow bank are respectively provided with ecological rod, raw
State stick includes the planting soil of bag body and bag body package;Ecological rod surface is covered with vegetable layer.
In the present invention, the first furrow bank is close to highway side, and angle and height are consistent with slope of highway, the second furrow bank angle
Freely it is arranged, it is highly consistent with road soil, adapt to highway surrounding enviroment.The present invention be rationally arranged vegetable layer, planting soil layer,
Impervious barrier, sandy gravel stratum and metalling, cooperation ecological rod pile up furrow bank and adapt to side slope, and compactness high-adaptability is good, and stable structure is oozed
Water filtration effect is good, and flood season pressure is effectively relieved, and reduces storage water pollution.
Preferably, the length of the ecological rod is 1-5m, such as can be 1m, 2m, 3m, 4m or 5m.
Preferably, the width of the ecological rod be 40-50cm, such as can be 40cm, 41cm, 42cm, 43cm, 44cm,
45cm, 46cm, 47cm, 48cm, 49cm or 50cm.
Preferably, the thickness of the ecological rod be 5-15cm, such as can be 5cm, 6cm, 7cm, 8cm, 9cm, 10cm,
11cm, 12cm, 13cm, 14cm or 15cm.
Preferably, the bag body includes non-woven fabrics.
In the present invention, the bag body is breathed freely light transmission, is conducive to water storage, and porosity is appropriate, meets the needs of wrapping up soil.
Preferably, first furrow bank and the second furrow bank include independently the 3-8 ecological rods piled up, such as can be 3
Layer, 4 layers, 5 layers, 6 layers, 7 layers or 8 layers.
Preferably, second furrow bank is piled up vertically to pile up
Preferably, the side slope ratio of first furrow bank is 1:(2-3), such as can be 1:2,1:2.2,1:2.5,1:2.7,
1:2.8 or 1:3.
It is a discovery of the invention that being piled up by way of ecological rod, furrow bank flexibility is strong, according to the original side slope gradient of highway, heap
Build different layers of ecological rods, ecological rod can deformation adapt to slope of highway, the compactness of mulching plant layer is high in ecological rod, and
It is rich in planting soil in ecological rod, is conducive to plant growth and breeds, promote beautification of landscape, be suitable for any road surface side slope.
Preferably, the ecological rod is vertically to pile up in the mode of piling up of the second furrow bank.
It is a discovery of the invention that the water storage that the ecological rod of the second furrow bank can effectively improve grass planting ditch by the way of vertically piling up is stagnant
Precipitation effectively can be accumulated in bottom of trench and nourish plant by outlet capacity, water hour, effectively prevent precipitation excessive when precipitation is big, will
Ponding drains into the gutter of the ditch end outside grass planting ditch direction.
Preferably, the vegetable layer is fixedly connected with ecological rod by U-shaped nail.
Preferably, the U-shaped nail is arranged one every 2-5m, such as can be arranged one every 2m, 3m, 4m or 5m.
In the present invention, the effectively fixed vegetable layer of U-shaped nail and ecological rod improve the compactness of initial stage vegetable layer and side slope, increase
Add the survival rate of plant.
Preferably, the vegetable layer includes plant and vegetation blanket.
Preferably, the plant is any one of false indigo, alfalfa or humid euphorbia or at least two combination, such as
Can be the combination of false indigo and alfalfa, the combination of false indigo and humid euphorbia, the combination of alfalfa and humid euphorbia, or purple fringe
The combination of Chinese scholartree, alfalfa and humid euphorbia.
Preferably, the vegetation blanket includes any one of shredded coconut meat, palm or wastes of crops or at least two combination,
Such as can be the combination of shredded coconut meat and palm, the combination of shredded coconut meat and wastes of crops, the combination of palm and wastes of crops or coconut palm
The combination of silk, palm and wastes of crops.
In the present invention, plant cooperation shredded coconut meat, palm or the crops of the well developed root systems such as false indigo, alfalfa or humid euphorbia are given up
Expect the vegetation blanket constituted, effectively improve plant survival rate, shortens the transitional period that vegetable layer is survived in side slope.
Preferably, the thickness of the planting soil layer be 10-20cm, such as can be 10cm, 11cm, 12cm, 13cm,
14cm, 15cm, 16cm, 17cm, 18cm, 19cm or 20cm.
Preferably, the planting soil in the planting soil layer and ecological rod in parts by weight independently include 20-30 parts of loam,
1-10 parts of loess, 1-10 parts of plant ash, 5-8 parts of dead leaves, 1-3 parts of lime, 0.1-2 parts of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 1-5 parts of nitrobacteria and wood
1-5 parts of bits.
In the present invention, planting soil used can be by the group of the parts by weight in planting soil and ecological rod used in planting soil layer
Object composition is closed, and the specific parts by weight proportioning of the planting soil of planting soil layer and ecological rod may be the same or different, according to construction
Geology can adjust accordingly, by combining planting soil and vegetable layer, can effective permeation filtration precipitation, reduce the pollution in precipitation
Pollution of the object to storage water body.
Preferably, the parts by weight of the loam are 20-30 parts, for example, can be 20 parts, 21 parts, 22 parts, 23 parts, 24
Part, 25 parts, 26 parts, 27 parts, 28 parts, 29 parts or 30 parts.
Preferably, the parts by weight of the loess are 1-10 parts, for example, can be 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7
Part, 8 parts, 9 parts or 10 parts.
Preferably, the parts by weight of the plant ash are 1-10 parts, for example, can be 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6
Part, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts or 10 parts.
Preferably, the parts by weight of the dead leaves are 5-8 parts, such as can be 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts or 8 parts.
Preferably, the parts by weight of the lime are 1-3 parts, such as can be 1 part, 1.5 parts, 2 parts, 2.5 parts or 3 parts.
Preferably, the parts by weight of the nitrogen-fixing bacteria are 0.1-2 parts, for example, can be 0.1 part, 0.2 part, 0.5 part, 0.6
Part, 0.8 part, 1 part, 1.2 parts, 1.4 parts, 1.5 parts, 1.6 parts, 1.8 parts or 2 parts.
Preferably, the parts by weight of the nitrobacteria are 1-5 parts, such as can be 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts or 5 parts.
Preferably, the parts by weight of the sawdust are 1-5 parts, such as can be 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts or 5 parts.
Preferably, the impervious barrier includes geotextiles.
In the present invention, geotextiles can not only prevent precipitation soil erosion caused greatly, while can be risen to vegetable layer
To the effect of heat preservation, nutrition vegetable layer is protected, is conducive to the formation of vegetational type, protects water storage soil to greatest extent.
Preferably, the thickness of the sandy gravel stratum be 5-15cm, such as can be 5cm, 6cm, 7cm, 8cm, 9cm, 10cm,
11cm, 12cm, 13cm, 14cm or 15cm.
Preferably, the grain size of the gravel be not more than 2cm, such as can be 0.1cm, 0.3cm, 0.5cm, 0.7cm,
0.8cm, 1.0cm, 1.2cm, 1.4cm, 1.5cm, 1.7cm, 1.8cm, 1.9cm or 2cm.
Preferably, the thickness of the metalling be 10-20cm, such as can be 10cm, 11cm, 12cm, 13cm, 14cm,
15cm, 16cm, 17cm, 18cm, 19cm or 20cm.
Preferably, the ballast grain sizes be not more than 5cm, such as can be 2cm, 2.3cm, 2.5cm, 2.8cm, 3cm,
3.2cm, 3.4cm, 3.5cm, 3.7cm, 3.8cm, 4cm, 4.1cm, 4.3cm, 4.5cm, 4.7cm, 4.9cm or 5cm.
In the present invention, gravel and metalling is applied in combination, can effectively adjust porosity, can rapid infiltrated again do not cause water
Soil is lost in, it is ensured that the stable structure of grass planting ditch, water guide are good with drainage performance.
Preferably, the cross section of the grass-planting ecological ditch is trapezoidal, preferably right-angled trapezium.
Preferably, the bottom of trench width of the grass-planting ecological ditch be 50-80cm, such as can be 50cm, 52cm, 54cm,
55cm, 58cm, 60cm, 63cm, 65cm, 67cm, 69cm, 70cm, 71cm, 73cm, 74cm, 75cm, 77cm, 79cm or 80cm.
The width of grass-planting ecological ditch bottom of trench refers to the first furrow bank and the second furrow bank close to the end of planting soil layer in the present invention
The distance between, i.e. the lower length of side of grass-planting ecological ditch cross section.
Second aspect, the present invention provide a kind of grass-planting ecological ditch as described in relation to the first aspect for being percolated precipitation, excretion rain
The purposes of water runoff or stable side slope structure.
When running grass-planting ecological ditch of the present invention, the ponding in rainwater or other sources is pooled in grass-planting ecological ditch, slope
The ecological rod of body can still keep the structural stability of grass planting ditch in flood season, and rainwater is drained to bottom of trench, be flowed to from the side slope of ditch
During bottom of trench, ecological rod can be with useful storage;Pass through the biological purification of the vegetable layer and the planting soil layer
After preliminary filtering, the pollutants such as suspended matter, organic matter in water body are degraded by partial interception, and the bacterium of planting soil layer coordinates other
Component effectively removes the nitrogen P elements in water body, the water body through tentatively filtering using impervious barrier, sandy gravel stratum and metalling into
After the filtering of one step, more clean clarification realizes the safety dumping of rainfall, reduces the pollution to storing water body;It is accumulated in ecological rod
Water can also supplement moisture needed for vegetable layer, realize making full use of for rainwater.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that:
(1) grass-planting ecological ditch provided by the invention may be disposed on road or mine slope and riding track classification step, use
In collecting upper side slope rainfall runoff, savings and excretion rainwater, rainfall runoff is defaulted in trench bottom structure, gradually slowly under
It oozes, infiltration filtration effect is good, and TSS removal rates are up to 86%, TN removal rates up to 53%.TP removal rates are up to 65%, eventually for supplement
The soil moisture content of side slope vegetation realizes that the whole of rainfall runoff absorb;
(2) vegetable layer, planting soil layer, impervious barrier, sandy gravel stratum and rubble is rationally arranged in grass-planting ecological ditch provided by the invention
Layer, cooperation ecological rod pile up furrow bank and adapt to side slope, and compactness high-adaptability is good, stable structure, and flood season pressure is effectively relieved, and reduces
Store water pollution;
(3) while grass-planting ecological ditch provided by the invention reduces soil erosion, also have the function of heat-insulation and heat-preservation, protect
Nutrition vegetable layer is conducive to the formation of vegetational type, protects water storage soil to greatest extent, an original is provided for microorganism, vegetation and animal
Ecological environment.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view for the grass-planting ecological ditch that embodiment 1 provides.
Wherein 1, vegetable layer;2, planting soil layer;3, impervious barrier;4, sandy gravel stratum;5, metalling;6, ecological rod;7, U-shaped nail;
8, the first furrow bank;9, the second furrow bank;10, bottom of trench.
Specific implementation mode
Further to illustrate the present invention technological means and its effect taken, below by way of specific implementation mode come into
One step illustrates technical scheme of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited in scope of embodiments.
Embodiment 1
Side slope in Mr. Yu's mine is arranged in a kind of grass-planting ecological ditch, and the grass-planting ecological ditch is the groove of up concave type, such as Fig. 1 institutes
Show, the bottom of trench of the grass planting ditch includes vegetable layer 1, planting soil layer 2, impervious barrier 3, sandy gravel stratum 4 and metalling successively from top to bottom
5;The grass-planting ecological ditch further includes the first furrow bank 8 and the second furrow bank 9, and both sides furrow bank is piled up by ecological rod 6 to be constituted, ecological rod
A length of 2m, width 40cm, thickness 10cm pile up 6 layers, and the side slope ratio of the first furrow bank 8 is 1:2.5,9 vertical stacks of the second furrow bank
It builds, the ecological rod 6 includes the planting soil of non-woven fabrics and non-woven wraps;The ecological rod surface is covered with vegetable layer.It is described
Vegetable layer 1 is fixedly connected with ecological rod 6 by U-shaped nail 7, and a U-shaped nail 7 is arranged every 2m.The plant of the vegetable layer 1 includes
False indigo and humid euphorbia, vegetation blanket are made of shredded coconut meat and palm, and 2 thickness of the planting soil layer is 15cm, the planting soil layer 2 and life
Planting soil in state stick 6 include in parts by weight 25 parts of loam, 8 parts of loess, 5 parts of plant ash, 6 parts of dead leaves, 1.5 parts of lime,
3 parts of 1 part of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 3 parts of nitrobacteria and sawdust.The impervious barrier 3 is geotextiles, and the thickness of the sandy gravel stratum 4 is 10cm, sand
Gravel grain size is 1cm, and the thickness of the metalling 5 is 15cm, ballast grain sizes 3cm.The cross section of the grass-planting ecological ditch is straight
Angle is trapezoidal, and 10 width of bottom of trench of grass-planting ecological ditch is 70cm.
When running grass-planting ecological ditch described in the present embodiment, the ponding in rainwater or other sources is pooled in grass-planting ecological ditch,
The ecological rod of slopes can still keep the structural stability of grass planting ditch in flood season, and rainwater is drained to bottom of trench, be flowed from the side slope of ditch
To bottom of trench, ecological rod can be with useful storage;Biological purification by the vegetable layer 1 and the planting soil layer
After 2 preliminary filtering, the pollutants such as suspended matter, organic matter in water body are degraded by partial interception, the bacterium cooperation of planting soil layer
Other components effectively remove the nitrogen P elements in water body, and the water body through tentatively filtering is using impervious barrier 3, sandy gravel stratum 4 and rubble
After the further filtering of layer 5, more clean clarification realizes the safety dumping of rainfall, reduces the pollution to storing water body;Ecological rod
The water of middle accumulation can also supplement moisture needed for vegetable layer 1, realize making full use of for rainwater.
Embodiment 2
A kind of grass-planting ecological ditch, is arranged Mr. Yu's slope of highway, and the grass-planting ecological ditch is the groove of up concave type, the grass planting
The bottom of trench of ditch includes vegetable layer 1, planting soil layer 2, impervious barrier 3, sandy gravel stratum 4 and metalling 5 successively from top to bottom;The ecology is planted
Careless ditch further includes the first furrow bank 8 and the second furrow bank 9, and both sides furrow bank is piled up by ecological rod 6 to be constituted, a length of 5m of ecological rod, width
For 50cm, thickness 15cm, 3 layers are piled up, the side slope ratio of the first furrow bank 8 is 1:2, the second furrow bank 9 is vertically piled up, the ecological rod 6
Planting soil including non-woven fabrics and non-woven wraps;The ecological rod surface is covered with vegetable layer.The vegetable layer 1 and ecological rod
6 are fixedly connected by U-shaped nail 7, and a U-shaped nail 7 is arranged every 5m.The plant of the vegetable layer 1 includes false indigo and pale reddish brown lucerne
Mu, vegetation blanket are made of shredded coconut meat and wastes of crops, and 2 thickness of the planting soil layer is 10cm, the planting soil layer 2 and ecological rod
Planting soil in 6 includes 20 parts of loam, 1 part of loess, 1 part of plant ash, 5 parts of dead leaves, 1 part of lime, nitrogen-fixing bacteria in parts by weight
1 part of 0.1 part, 1 part of nitrobacteria and sawdust.The impervious barrier 3 is geotextiles, and the thickness of the sandy gravel stratum 4 is 5cm, gravel grain
Diameter is 2cm, and the thickness of the metalling 5 is 10cm, ballast grain sizes 5cm.The cross section of the grass-planting ecological ditch is right angle ladder
10 width of bottom of trench of shape, grass-planting ecological ditch is 50cm.
When running grass-planting ecological ditch described in the present embodiment, the ponding in rainwater or other sources is pooled in grass-planting ecological ditch,
The ecological rod of slopes can still keep the structural stability of grass planting ditch in flood season, and rainwater is drained to bottom of trench, be flowed from the side slope of ditch
To bottom of trench, ecological rod can be with useful storage;Biological purification by the vegetable layer 1 and the planting soil layer
After 2 preliminary filtering, the pollutants such as suspended matter, organic matter in water body are degraded by partial interception, the bacterium cooperation of planting soil layer
Other components effectively remove the nitrogen P elements in water body, and the water body through tentatively filtering is using impervious barrier 3, sandy gravel stratum 4 and rubble
After the further filtering of layer 5, more clean clarification realizes the safety dumping of rainfall, reduces the pollution to storing water body;Ecological rod
The water of middle accumulation can also supplement moisture needed for vegetable layer 1, realize making full use of for rainwater.
Embodiment 3
A kind of grass-planting ecological ditch, is arranged Mr. Yu's riding track side slope, and the grass-planting ecological ditch is the groove of up concave type, the grass planting
The bottom of trench of ditch includes vegetable layer 1, planting soil layer 2, impervious barrier 3, sandy gravel stratum 4 and metalling 5 successively from top to bottom;The ecology is planted
Careless ditch further includes the first furrow bank 8 and the second furrow bank 9, and both sides furrow bank is piled up by ecological rod 6 to be constituted, a length of 1m of ecological rod, width
For 45cm, thickness 5cm, 8 layers are piled up, the side slope ratio of the first furrow bank 8 is 1:3, the second furrow bank 9 is vertically piled up, and the ecological rod 6 is wrapped
Include the planting soil of non-woven fabrics and non-woven wraps;The ecological rod surface is covered with vegetable layer.The vegetable layer 1 and ecological rod 6
It is fixedly connected by U-shaped nail 7, one U-shaped nail 7 is set every 3m.The plant of the vegetable layer 1 includes alfalfa and humid euphorbia,
Vegetation blanket is made of palm and wastes of crops, and 2 thickness of the planting soil layer is 20cm, in the planting soil layer 2 and ecological rod 6
Planting soil in parts by weight include 30 parts of loam, 10 parts of loess, 10 parts of plant ash, 8 parts of dead leaves, 3 parts of lime, nitrogen-fixing bacteria 2
5 parts of part, 5 parts of nitrobacteria and sawdust.The impervious barrier 3 is geotextiles, and the thickness of the sandy gravel stratum 4 is 15cm, gravel grain size
Thickness for 1.5cm, the metalling 5 is 20cm, ballast grain sizes 4cm.The cross section of the grass-planting ecological ditch is right angle ladder
10 width of bottom of trench of shape, grass-planting ecological ditch is 80cm.
When running grass-planting ecological ditch described in the present embodiment, the ponding in rainwater or other sources is pooled in grass-planting ecological ditch,
The ecological rod of slopes can still keep the structural stability of grass planting ditch in flood season, and rainwater is drained to bottom of trench, be flowed from the side slope of ditch
To bottom of trench, ecological rod can be with useful storage;Biological purification by the vegetable layer 1 and the planting soil layer
After 2 preliminary filtering, the pollutants such as suspended matter, organic matter in water body are degraded by partial interception, the bacterium cooperation of planting soil layer
Other components effectively remove the nitrogen P elements in water body, and the water body through tentatively filtering is using impervious barrier 3, sandy gravel stratum 4 and rubble
After the further filtering of layer 5, more clean clarification realizes the safety dumping of rainfall, reduces the pollution to storing water body;Ecological rod
The water of middle accumulation can also supplement moisture needed for vegetable layer 1, realize making full use of for rainwater.
Embodiment 4
Compared with Example 1, distinctive points are, all loams of planting soil, other conditions are the same as embodiment 1.
Comparative example 1
Compared with Example 1, distinctive points are, do not use ecological rod, other conditions are the same as embodiment 1.
Comparative example 2
A kind of grass-planting ecological ditch is the grass-planting ecological ditch in CN207201426U described in embodiment one.
Simulate rainwash experiment
Manual simulation's rainwash will be added the soil after air-drying, and add appropriate glucose, biphosphate in tap water
Potassium, ammonium chloride and potassium nitrate simulate typical rainwash, are tested respectively to embodiment 1-4 and comparative example 1, wait for runoff
After production stream is stablized in grass planting ditch, suspension content (TSS), nitrogen pool (TN) in the water in sample is measured by sampling after crossing 30min
With total phosphorus content (TP), the removal rate of each index is calculated, the results are shown in Table 1.
The pollutant average removal rate of 1 grass planting ditch of table
| TSS/% | TN/% | TS/% | |
| Embodiment 1 | 86 | 53 | 65 |
| Embodiment 2 | 84 | 51 | 63 |
| Embodiment 3 | 85 | 50 | 63 |
| Embodiment 4 | 75 | 23 | 54 |
| Comparative example 1 | 78 | 43 | 52 |
| Comparative example 2 | 72 | 40 | 43 |
As shown in Table 1, comparing embodiment 1 can be seen that the formula cooperation vegetable layer of planting soil in the present invention with embodiment 4
Plant, help to improve the percolation of grass planting ditch, be obviously improved removal effect of the grass planting ditch to nitrogen in precipitation, reduce
To storing the pollution of water body, TSS removal rates are up to 86%, TN removal rates up to 53%.TP removal rates up to 65%,;Comparing embodiment 1 with
Comparative example 1 is it is found that ecological rod plays actively impact to grass planting ditch percolation;Comparing embodiment 1 is with comparative example 2 it is found that the present invention
Rationally setting vegetable layer, planting soil layer, impervious barrier, sandy gravel stratum and metalling, cooperation ecological rod pile up furrow bank and adapt to side slope, fitting
It is good to spend high-adaptability, stable structure, infiltration filtration effect is good, reduces storage water pollution.The hydraulic loading to grass planting ditch is increased,
With the increase that simulated precipitation impacts, the grass planting ditch stable structure of embodiment 1-4, nothing is obviously shifted or is caved in, and comparative example 1-2
There is different degrees of vegetable layer displacement, grass planting ditch connection loosing, it follows that the setting of ecological rod significantly improve vegetable layer with
Flood season pressure is effectively relieved in the compactness of side slope, rock-steady structure.
To sum up, grass-planting ecological ditch stable structure provided by the invention is suitable for a variety of side slope road conditions, is increased by ecological rod
The compactness of vegetable layer and side slope, good penetrability can effectively filter the pollutant in rainwater, and vegetable layer is supplemented using natural precipitation
Institute's water requirement, water storage backwater effect is good, restores natural landscape, increases vegetable layer survival rate, is of great significance and bright prospects.
Applicant states that the present invention illustrates the method detailed of the present invention, but the present invention not office by above-described embodiment
It is limited to above-mentioned method detailed, that is, does not mean that the present invention has to rely on above-mentioned method detailed and could implement.Technical field
Technical staff it will be clearly understood that any improvement in the present invention, equivalence replacement and auxiliary element to each raw material of product of the present invention
Addition, the selection etc. of concrete mode, all fall within protection scope of the present invention and the open scope.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of grass-planting ecological ditch, which is characterized in that the bottom of trench (10) of the grass-planting ecological ditch includes vegetation successively from top to bottom
Layer (1), planting soil layer (2), impervious barrier (3), sandy gravel stratum (4) and metalling (5);
The grass-planting ecological ditch further includes first furrow bank (8) and second furrow bank (9) of the setting in bottom of trench (10) both sides, the first furrow bank
(8) and the second furrow bank (9) is respectively provided with ecological rod (6), and ecological rod (6) includes the planting soil of bag body and bag body package;
Ecological rod (6) surface is covered with vegetable layer (1).
2. grass-planting ecological ditch according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the length of the ecological rod (6) is 1-5m;
Preferably, the width of the ecological rod (6) is 40-50cm;
Preferably, the thickness of the ecological rod (6) is 5-15cm;
Preferably, the bag body includes non-woven fabrics;
Preferably, first furrow bank (8) and the second furrow bank (9) include independently the 3-8 ecological rods (6) piled up;
Preferably, second furrow bank (9) is piled up vertically to pile up;
Preferably, the side slope ratio of first furrow bank (8) is 1:(2-3).
3. grass-planting ecological ditch according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the vegetable layer (1) is logical with ecological rod (6)
U-shaped nail is crossed to be fixedly connected;
Preferably, the U-shaped nail (7) is arranged one every 2-5m.
4. according to claim 1-3 any one of them grass-planting ecological ditches, which is characterized in that the vegetable layer (1) includes plant
And vegetation blanket;
Preferably, the plant is any one of false indigo, alfalfa or humid euphorbia or at least two combination;
Preferably, the vegetation blanket includes any one of shredded coconut meat, palm or wastes of crops or at least two combination.
5. according to claim 1-4 any one of them grass-planting ecological ditches, which is characterized in that the thickness of the planting soil layer (2)
For 10-20cm.
6. according to claim 1-5 any one of them grass-planting ecological ditches, which is characterized in that in the planting soil layer and ecological rod
Planting soil in parts by weight independently include 20-30 parts of loam, 1-10 parts of loess, 1-10 parts of plant ash, 5-8 parts of dead leaves,
1-5 parts of 1-3 parts of lime, 0.1-2 parts of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 1-5 parts of nitrobacteria and sawdust.
7. according to claim 1-6 any one of them grass-planting ecological ditches, which is characterized in that the impervious barrier (3) includes geotechnique
Cloth.
8. according to claim 1-7 any one of them grass-planting ecological ditches, which is characterized in that the thickness of the sandy gravel stratum (4) is
5-15cm;
Preferably, the grain size of the gravel is not more than 2cm.
9. according to claim 1-8 any one of them grass-planting ecological ditches, which is characterized in that the thickness of the metalling (5) is
10-20cm;
Preferably, the ballast grain sizes are not more than 5cm;
Preferably, the cross section of the grass-planting ecological ditch is trapezoidal, preferably right-angled trapezium;
Preferably, bottom of trench (10) width of the grass-planting ecological ditch is 50-80cm.
10. a kind of if claim 1-9 any one of them grass-planting ecological ditches are for being percolated precipitation, excretion rainfall runoff or stabilization
The purposes of edge slope structure.
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