CN108487418A - A kind of water and soil conservation structure of prevention soil erosion for loess region - Google Patents
A kind of water and soil conservation structure of prevention soil erosion for loess region Download PDFInfo
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- CN108487418A CN108487418A CN201810556619.9A CN201810556619A CN108487418A CN 108487418 A CN108487418 A CN 108487418A CN 201810556619 A CN201810556619 A CN 201810556619A CN 108487418 A CN108487418 A CN 108487418A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000004162 soil erosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 8
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000209046 Pennisetum Species 0.000 description 2
- 210000000481 breast Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000736211 Platycladus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005713 exacerbation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G27/00—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F3/00—Sewer pipe-line systems
- E03F3/04—Pipes or fittings specially adapted to sewers
- E03F3/046—Open sewage channels
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of water and soil conservation structure of prevention soil erosion for loess region, including the lateral flow guide system being arranged on two side slope of gully, the longitudinal drainage system that is arranged in gully and return water irrigation system in longitudinal drainage system bottom end is set.When water and soil conservation structure is run, in the season that rainfall is concentrated, mainly to drain based on water storage function, surface runoff is imported in gully via the wedge-shape diversion slot of slope surface, extra rainfall is discharged into water storage box using the draining osmos tube in gully and is stored；In arid season, the rainwater stored is reversely drawn back via return pipe, water distributor by slope surface by suction pump, is irrigated for slope greening.The present invention can realize the protection of water and soil resources on the basis of changing minimum to original place looks, significantly improve arid biogeographic zone research advances compared with traditional water-and-soil conservation measures, have many advantages, such as that investment operating cost is low, soil and water conservation effect is good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of water and soil conservation structures, more particularly to a kind of water and soil conservation of prevention soil erosion for loess region
Structure is particluarly suitable for using in the case that soil erosion forms erosion groove.
Background technology
Loess plateau be China and the world by soil erosion area the most serious, the loess covered here is in water erosion
Under effect, easily soil erosion forms the erosion gully of gully depth.Loess is etched rear soil degradation, subtracts containing water-holding capacity
It is weak, cause ecological environment severe exacerbation.
The reason for causing soil erosion for loess region serious has very much, wherein most important several points are：1. climatic factor, heavy rain
It concentrates and strong, 60~70% rainfall of annual precipitation focuses mostly on to annual July~September；2. surface configuration, thousand ditch ten thousand of landform
Gully, hillside fields account for 60% of the gross area or so；3. vegetation coverage is low, covering vegetation meets with serious destruction in mankind's activity；④
Soil is made of silty sand particle, and the soil is porous, vertical joints development, and resistance to corrosion is low.This series of factor leads to this ground
The soil erosion in area becomes soil erosion area the most serious in the world.Serious soil erosion makes the soil in this area
Fertility drastically declines, and the loss of moisture causes soil drought, gully to increase, and cultivated area falls sharply, and mud blocks rivers, and traffic meets with
To destruction, natural calamity takes place frequently, and the ecological balance is broken, and local natural economy is also seriously restricted.
Therefore, the improvement of Loess Plateau soil erosion is extremely necessary.Although in recent years, China loess plateau
The bringing soil erosion under control in area achieves certain achievement, but focuses primarily upon the arrangement of slope surface landform and two sides of ecological slope protection structure
Face, such as notification number are a kind of vegetation slope pavement method preventing the exposed Topographic factor in mountain area of CN201710885437.1,
This method is mixed into formulation media by preventing the exposed Topographic factor in mountain area with Pennisetum plant in slope soil first,
Carry out soil improvement, then Pennisetum container for plants seedling used to be colonized in hillside fields, according to different gradient be arranged fish scale pit-size,
It is colonized container seedling scale and density；Notification number prevents erosion for one kind of CN201710945787.2 and is filled with arch slope
It sets, by being equipped with arch water pipe for drip irrigation and arc water pipe for drip irrigation, can prevent erosion to this with inside arch slope device
Plant carry out trickle irrigation so that this prevent erosion it is more square when being irrigated its inside plant with arch slope device
Just.But in actual motion, loess area whole year rainfall is concentrated, and soil moisture content is distributed in two plate, and vegetation survival rate is low；It is dry
The Collection utilization of drought-hit area water resources shortage, flush period water resource is particularly significant, and landform countless ravines and gullies, and conventional bank protection placement is tired
It is difficult.
Therefore, it is uneven that Loess Plateau water resource spatial and temporal distributions how to be solved, landform gully is more, and slope surface is unstable, still
It is that loess area water and soil prevents a big urgent need to solve the problem.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is being directed to the above problem existing for the water and soil conservation of loess area, a kind of prevention loess area water and soil is proposed
The water and soil conservation structure of loss, uneven with the spatial and temporal distributions for solving soil moisture content, landform gully is more, and slope surface is unstable etc. asks
Topic, realizes the protection of water and soil resources on the basis of changing minimum to original place looks, while improving arid biogeographic zone research advances.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of water and soil conservation structures of prevention soil erosion for loess region, including
Lateral flow guide system on two side slope of gully, the longitudinal drainage system being arranged in gully and setting are set described vertical
To the return water irrigation system of drainage system bottom end, the slope surface transverse direction flow guide system includes and slope surface bottom disposed in parallel
The wedge-shape diversion slot being arranged on the bottom plate, impact-resistant panels and the setting that slope surface bottom end is leaned in wedge-shape diversion slot is arranged in plate
In the bottom plate lower part and perpendicular to the fixed column of slope surface, interior the large-sized of densification of vibrating of filling of the wedge-shape diversion slot is not advised
Then rock ballast, the longitudinal drainage system include be arranged gully bottom bed course, be arranged on the bed course draining osmos tube,
It is filled in the big grain size gravel layer around the draining osmos tube, in the soil body being horizontally installed on immediately below the wedge-shape diversion slot
Spud pile, be arranged on the big grain size gravel layer fixation net, along furrow bank and slope surface handing-over line plantation vegetation cover.
Preferably, the slope surface transverse direction flow guide system prolongs the build of hillside fields contour direction, and the wedge of former slope surface is less than for position
Shape region.
Preferably, the height of the impact-resistant panels is 30~50cm, and the height of impact-resistant panels is wedge-shape diversion slot bosom
Depth；The water conservancy diversion speed of the wedge-shape diversion slot is more than chance rainfall in local 3 years one and is formed by rainwash flow velocity.
Preferably, the irregular rock ballast in the wedge-shape diversion slot close to gully marginal portion is intercepted by steel wire, institute
The grain size for stating irregular rock ballast is 10~15cm, and the irregular rock ballast surface after filling is less than slope surface height；And it is vertical along slope surface
Kind is implanted with adaptive plant in the slope surface between adjacent wedge-shape diversion slot.
Preferably, the bed course is by being covered in the permeable geotextiles of gully bottom and being laid in the permeable geotextiles
Fine sand layer forms, and the thickness of the fine sand layer is 10~20cm.
Preferably, the grain size of gravel in the big grain size gravel layer is 8~12cm, and the filling of the big grain size gravel layer is thick
Degree does not cross the highest point for draining osmos tube.
Preferably, the fixed column is 5~10cm of diameter, the cylinder of long 80~120cm；The fixed column part is hung down
It is directly embedded in the soil body in furrow bank, remainder exposes outside the soil body, and exposes height and the draining of soil body partial distance gully bottom
The top of osmos tube is contour.
Preferably, the return water irrigation system includes being arranged to exist in the water storage box of longitudinal drainage system bottom end, setting
What the draining osmos tube that return pipe, both ends inside the draining osmos tube are each passed through in the gully of both sides was connected with return pipe
Water distributor, the flow-limiting valve being arranged on the water distributor and the suction pump for connecting water storage box and return pipe.
Preferably, the water distributor is set in slope surface, flat with the wedge-shape diversion slot in the lateral flow guide system in slope surface
Row, and positioned at every grade of wedge-shape diversion slot along the lower position of line of slope；The water distributor is located at the part of slope surface at interval of 10
~20cm is provided with uniform small pores.
Preferably, the season concentrated in rainfall, rainwater import surface runoff in gully via the wedge-shape diversion slot of slope surface,
Extra rainwater is discharged into water storage box using the draining osmos tube in gully and is stored；In arid season, will be stored by suction pump
The rainwater stored in water tank reversely draws back slope surface for green area irrigation via return pipe, water distributor.
Based on the above-mentioned technical proposal, it is an advantage of the invention that：
The water and soil conservation structure of the prevention soil erosion for loess region of the present invention, by building drain measure in loess erosion area
And reutilization system, first prolonging slope surface, laterally water diversion trench is blocked in setting, rainwash is imported in gully, and be arranged in gully and ooze
Water drainpipe makes the runoff in gully along pipe drain to store, and reversed drinking-water pipe, which is arranged, in infiltration drainpipe will store water application
It is irrigated in slope surface.According to annual heavy, excessive water is drained in Concentrating period of precipitation and is stored, will be stored in the dry spell
Rainwater draw back for irrigating, ground and gully central diameter can not only be effectively prevent to flow through leads to soil erosion soon, moreover it is possible to maximum
Rainfall utilization ratio is improved in limit, and facilitates slope greening and landscape effect.
The present invention can realize water and soil money compared with traditional water-and-soil conservation measures on the basis of changing minimum to original place looks
The protection in source significantly improves arid biogeographic zone research advances, has many advantages, such as that investment operating cost is low, soil and water conservation effect is good,
It is specific as follows：
1) present invention not only facilitates the runoff for reducing loess slope runoff by building drain measure reutilization system
Amount, and extra rainfall is stored by filtration, purification, effectively improve Loess Plateau spacetime distribution of water resource not
Equal problem.
2) present invention is rationally special using Loess Plateau Region landforms on the basis of change few as possible original earth's surface landform
Draining reflux facility is combined with topography and geomorphology, targetedly solves the problems, such as Erosion on Loess Slope Surface and rill erosion by sign.
3) spud pile in the present invention cannot be only used for the pumping equipment in fixed gully, can also be carried out to In Soils of The Loess Region
The problems such as reinforcing, preventing loess vertical joints occurs.
4) present invention increases water resource circulation ability, and have on the whole relative to common slope treatments
Certain filtration, purification effect, reduces the dependence to leveling land with gradient optimiziation, can promote China loess plateau
The ecological environment reparation in area.
Description of the drawings
Attached drawing described herein is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and is constituted part of this application, this hair
Bright illustrative embodiments and their description are not constituted improper limitations of the present invention for explaining the present invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is the water and soil conservation structural schematic diagram for preventing soil erosion for loess region.
Specific implementation mode
Below by drawings and examples, technical scheme of the present invention will be described in further detail.
The present invention provides a kind of water and soil conservation structure of prevention soil erosion for loess region, the water and soil conservation structure is applicable in
It is less than or equal to 45 ° of slope surface erosion area in the gradient, mainly including longitudinal drainage system in slope surface transverse direction flow guide system, gully
System and return water irrigation system three parts.As shown in Figure 1, a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown.
Specifically, the water and soil conservation structure include the lateral flow guide system being arranged on two side slope 2 of gully, setting exist
Longitudinal drainage system in gully and return water irrigation system in longitudinal drainage system bottom end is set, the slope surface
Lateral flow guide system includes existing with slope surface bottom plate 12 disposed in parallel, the wedge-shape diversion slot 3 being arranged on the bottom plate 12, setting
Wedge-shape diversion slot 3 by slope surface bottom end impact-resistant panels 4 and be arranged in 12 lower part of the bottom plate and perpendicular to the fixed column of slope surface,
The large-sized irregular rock ballast 13 for densification of vibrating is filled in the wedge-shape diversion slot 3, the longitudinal drainage system includes setting
Gully bottom bed course 9, be arranged on the bed course 9 draining osmos tube 10, be filled in around the draining osmos tube 10
Big grain size gravel layer 11, the spud pile 7 in the soil body 1 that is horizontally installed on immediately below the wedge-shape diversion slot 3, be arranged described
Fixation net 14 on big grain size gravel layer 11, the vegetation cover 11 for joining line plantation along furrow bank and slope surface 2.
Slope surface transverse direction flow guide system prolongs the build of hillside fields contour direction, for the tapered region less than former slope surface manually dug out
That is filled in domain, including impact-resistant panels 4, bottom plate 12, fixed column, wedge-shape diversion slot 3 (longitudinal section is triangle) and slot is irregular
Rock ballast 13.Preferably, impact-resistant panels 4 are vertically set on the bottom end that wedge-shape diversion slot 3 leans on slope surface 2.Preferably, the impact-resistant panels
4 height is 30~50cm, and the height of impact-resistant panels 4 is the depth of wedge-shape diversion slot 3.The depth root of the wedge-shape diversion slot 3
The rainfall adjustment for meeting rainfall according to local 3 years one makes the water conservancy diversion speed of wedge-shape diversion slot 3 be more than local 3 years one and meets rainfall institute
The rainwash flow velocity of formation.
As shown in Figure 1, trench bottom is equipped with bottom plate 12, the length of bottom plate 12 is 1~1.5m, and bottom plate 12 is parallel with slope surface 2
Contact.12 lower part of bottom plate is equipped with the fixed column perpendicular to slope surface 2, and fixed column, which is fully inserted into the soil body 1, makes bottom plate 12 be fixed on slope surface 2
On, ensure that wedge-shape diversion slot 3 can bear chance rainfall in local 3 years one and be formed by rainwash impact.Impact-resistant panels 4 and bottom
The angle of plate 12 is 30 °~60 °, and impact-resistant panels 4 use impermeable material with bottom plate 12, and junction is waterproof.
The large-sized irregular rock ballast 13 that densification of vibrating is filled in the wedge-shape diversion slot 3, close to gully marginal portion
Irregular rock ballast 13 intercepted by steel wire, prevent irregular rock ballast 13 from falling into gully, and keep wedge-shape diversion slot 3 stablize,
Steel wire screen distance is slightly less than the average grain diameter of irregular rock ballast 13.The grain size of the irregular rock ballast 13 is 10~15cm, filling
13 surface of irregular rock ballast afterwards less than the height of slope surface 2, and in the slope surface 2 between adjacent wedge-shape diversion slot 3 kind be implanted with solid soil,
The adaptive plant to conserve water and soil.
As shown in Figure 1, the longitudinal drainage system include be arranged gully bottom bed course 9, be arranged on the bed course 9
Draining osmos tube 10, be filled in it is described draining osmos tube 10 around big grain size gravel layer 11, be horizontally installed on the wedge shape
The spud pile 7 in the soil body 1 immediately below diversion trench 3, the fixation net 14 being arranged on the big grain size gravel layer 11, along furrow bank with
Slope surface 2 joins the vegetation cover 11 of line plantation.
Preferably, the bed course 9 is by being covered in the permeable geotextiles of gully bottom and being laid in the permeable geotextiles
Fine sand layer composition, the thickness of the fine sand layer is 10~20cm.Draining osmos tube 10 is positioned on fine sand layer, and surrounding is filled big
Grain size gravel layer 11, plays the role of water distribution uniformity and filtering.Preferably, the grain size of gravel in the big grain size gravel layer is 8
~12cm, the filling thickness of the big grain size gravel layer did not had the highest point of draining osmos tube 10.
Spud pile 7 is located in the soil body immediately below wedge-shape diversion slot 3, is 5~10cm of diameter, long 80~120cm cylinders,
90% or so of cylinder is embedded in perpendicular to furrow bank in the soil body 1, and remainder exposes outside the soil body 1, and exposes 1 partial distance ditch of the soil body
The height of gully bottom and 10 top of draining osmos tube are contour.The fixed net 14 is covered in the top of big grain size gravel layer 11, and each
The part that a spud pile 7 stays in outside the soil body 1 is mutually fixed, and prevents gravel from being tumbled along slope.Fixed net 14 can use pvc plastic silk screens or excellent
Matter mild steel silk screen etc. weaves, and the aperture of fixed net 14 is slightly less than the average grain diameter of filling gravel.11 profit of vegetation cover
Prolong furrow bank with liana and join line plantation with slope surface 2, hangs down covering to other side furrow bank along furrow bank after growing up to, increase compacted soil work(
It can be with gully Study of Platycladus orientalis-Robinia pseudoacacia effect.
Preferably, the return water irrigation system includes being arranged to exist in the water storage box of longitudinal drainage system bottom end, setting
Return pipe 8, both ends inside the draining osmos tube 10 are each passed through draining osmos tube 10 and 8 phase of return pipe in the gully of both sides
The water distributor 5 of connection, the flow-limiting valve 6 being arranged on the water distributor 5 and the suction pump for connecting water storage box and return pipe 8.
Water storage box is located at longitudinal drainage system bottom end, and 2 runoff of slope surface flows into water storage after being collected by longitudinal drainage system
It is stored in case.The return pipe 8 is waterproof material, is set to the inside of draining osmos tube 10, when operation with draining osmos tube
10 water (flow) direction is opposite.Preferably, the water distributor 5 is set in slope surface 2, in the lateral flow guide system in slope surface 2
Wedge-shape diversion slot 3 is parallel, and positioned at every grade of wedge-shape diversion slot 3 along the lower position of line of slope, both ends are each passed through two lateral sulcus
Draining osmos tube 10 in gully is connected with return pipe 8, is not connected to draining osmos tube 10.The water distributor 5 is located at slope surface 2
Part is provided with uniform small pores at interval of 10~20cm.Flow-limiting valve 6 is set in gully close near return pipe 8, drains osmos tube
On water distributor 5 outside 10, keep the higher water distributor 5 of topography equal with lower 5 flow of water pressure of water distributor of topography.
Further, suction pump is arranged near water storage box, and water storage box inner storing water is passed back into return pipe 8.Preferably, exist
In the season that rainfall is concentrated, rainwater imports surface runoff in gully via the wedge-shape diversion slot 3 of slope surface 2, using in gully
Extra rainwater is discharged into water storage box by draining osmos tube 10 to be stored；In arid season, will be stored in water storage box by suction pump
Rainwater reversely draws back slope surface 2 for green area irrigation via return pipe 8, water distributor 5.
The water and soil conservation structure of the prevention soil erosion for loess region of the present invention, by building drain measure in loess erosion area
And reutilization system, first prolonging slope surface, laterally water diversion trench is blocked in setting, rainwash is imported in gully, and be arranged in gully and ooze
Water drainpipe makes the runoff in gully along pipe drain to store, and reversed drinking-water pipe, which is arranged, in infiltration drainpipe will store water application
It is irrigated in slope surface.According to annual heavy, excessive water is drained in Concentrating period of precipitation and is stored, will be stored in the dry spell
Rainwater draw back for irrigating, ground and gully central diameter can not only be effectively prevent to flow through leads to soil erosion soon, moreover it is possible to maximum
Rainfall utilization ratio is improved in limit, and facilitates slope greening and landscape effect.
The present invention can realize water and soil money compared with traditional water-and-soil conservation measures on the basis of changing minimum to original place looks
The protection in source significantly improves arid biogeographic zone research advances, has many advantages, such as that investment operating cost is low, soil and water conservation effect is good,
It is specific as follows：
1) present invention not only facilitates the runoff for reducing loess slope runoff by building drain measure reutilization system
Amount, and extra rainfall is stored by filtration, purification, effectively improve Loess Plateau spacetime distribution of water resource not
Equal problem.
2) present invention is rationally special using Loess Plateau Region landforms on the basis of change few as possible original earth's surface landform
Draining reflux facility is combined with topography and geomorphology, targetedly solves the problems, such as Erosion on Loess Slope Surface and rill erosion by sign.
3) spud pile in the present invention cannot be only used for the pumping equipment in fixed gully, can also be carried out to In Soils of The Loess Region
The problems such as reinforcing, preventing loess vertical joints occurs.
4) present invention increases water resource circulation ability, and have on the whole relative to common slope treatments
Certain filtration, purification effect, reduces the dependence to leveling land with gradient optimiziation, can promote China loess plateau
The ecological environment reparation in area.
The water and soil conservation structure of the prevention soil erosion for loess region of the present invention can refer to following steps and be built and be run
It uses：
1) slope surface transverse direction flow guide system is built.Prolong hillside fields contour direction and build wedge-shape diversion slot, each two is along slope direction
The spacing of adjacent wedge-shape diversion slot is 3~5m, and is adjusted according to the gradient.When slope surface reaches 45 ° or so more suddenly, spacing is
3m；Otherwise slope surface is compared with time slack, spaced far.Wedge-shape diversion slot interlocks with slope surface ravines and guillies criss-cross, and surface runoff passes through wedge-shape diversion slot
It imports in gully.
2) longitudinal drainage system is built in gully.Spud pile is squeezed into close to bottom position in gully first, is laid with fine sand
Then layer places draining osmos tube, drain prior built-in good return pipe and water distribution interface tube in osmos tube, then in draining osmos tube
Big grain size gravel is filled to there be not draining osmos tube just in external, fine sand layer top, and big grain size gravel layer surface, which is laid with, fixes net,
Fixed network edge is exposed the part outside the soil body with spud pile again mutually to fix.Finally plantation liana forms vegetation cover,
Cover facility in gully.
3) the water distribution interface tube set in water distributor and draining osmos tube is connected, flow-limiting valve, cloth is arranged in connectivity part
Water pipe extends gully, and the other end is connected through slope surface with the water distribution interface tube on adjacent gully internal drainage osmos tube, water distributor position
The lower section for prolonging line of slope outside slope surface wedge-shape diversion slot is set in the part of slope surface.
4) when running, in the season that rainfall is concentrated, mainly to drain based on water storage function, via the wedge-shape diversion slot of slope surface
Surface runoff is imported in gully, extra rainfall is discharged into water storage box using the draining osmos tube in gully and is stored；Dry
The rainwater stored is reversely drawn back slope surface by dry season by suction pump via return pipe, water distributor, is irrigated for slope greening.
Finally it should be noted that:The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical scheme of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting thereof；To the greatest extent
The present invention is described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments for pipe, those of ordinary skills in the art should understand that：Still
It can modify to the specific implementation mode of the present invention or equivalent replacement is carried out to some technical characteristics；Without departing from this hair
The spirit of bright technical solution should all cover within the scope of the technical scheme claimed by the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of water and soil conservation structure of prevention soil erosion for loess region, it is characterised in that：Including being arranged in two side slope of gully
(2) lateral flow guide system on, the longitudinal drainage system being arranged in gully and it is arranged in the longitudinal drainage system bottom
The return water irrigation system of end, the slope surface transverse direction flow guide system include with slope surface bottom plate disposed in parallel (12), setting in institute
State the wedge-shape diversion slot (3) on bottom plate (12), setting is leaned on the impact-resistant panels (4) of slope surface bottom end in wedge-shape diversion slot (3) and set
It sets in the bottom plate (12) lower part and perpendicular to the fixed column of slope surface, the wedge-shape diversion slot (3) is interior to fill the big of densification of vibrating
The irregular rock ballast (13) of grain size, the longitudinal drainage system include be arranged gully bottom bed course (9), be arranged in the pad
Draining osmos tube (10) on layer (9), is laterally set the big grain size gravel layer (11) being filled in around draining osmos tube (10)
It sets the spud pile (7) in the soil body (1) immediately below the wedge-shape diversion slot (3), be arranged in the big grain size gravel layer (11)
On fixation net (14), along furrow bank and slope surface (2) handing-over line plantation vegetation cover (11).
2. water and soil conservation structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The slope surface transverse direction flow guide system prolongs hillside fields etc.
High line direction is built, and the wedge area of former slope surface is less than for position.
3. water and soil conservation structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The height of the impact-resistant panels (4) be 30~
The height of 50cm, impact-resistant panels (4) are wedge-shape diversion slot (3) innermost depth；The water conservancy diversion speed of the wedge-shape diversion slot (3)
Rainfall, which was met, more than local 3 years one is formed by rainwash flow velocity.
4. water and soil conservation structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Close to gully in the wedge-shape diversion slot (3)
The irregular rock ballast (13) of marginal portion is intercepted by steel wire, and the grain size of the irregular rock ballast (13) is 10~15cm, is filled out
Irregular rock ballast (13) surface after filling is less than slope surface (2) height；And between the longitudinally adjacent wedge-shape diversion slot (3) of slope surface
Slope surface (2) on kind is implanted with adaptive plant.
5. water and soil conservation structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The bed course (9) is by being covered in gully bottom
Permeable geotextiles and the fine sand layer composition that is laid in the permeable geotextiles, the thickness of the fine sand layer is 10~20cm.
6. water and soil conservation structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Grain size of gravel in the big grain size gravel layer
Filling thickness for 8~12cm, the big grain size gravel layer did not had the highest point of draining osmos tube (10).
7. water and soil conservation structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The fixed column is 5~10cm of diameter, length 80
The cylinder of~120cm；For the fixed column part in the furrow bank insertion soil body (1), remainder exposes the soil body (1)
Outside, and the top of the height of the exposing soil body (1) partial distance gully bottom and draining osmos tube (10) is contour.
8. water and soil conservation structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The return water irrigation system includes setting vertical
It is worn respectively at the internal return pipe (8) of the draining osmos tube (10), both ends to the water storage box of drainage system bottom end, setting
Water distributor (5) that the draining osmos tube (10) crossed in the gully of both sides is connected with return pipe (8) is arranged in the water distributor (5)
On flow-limiting valve (6) and connect water storage box and return pipe (8) suction pump.
9. water and soil conservation structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The water distributor (5) is set to slope surface (2)
On, it is parallel with wedge-shape diversion slot (3) in the lateral flow guide system in slope surface (2), and positioned at every grade of wedge-shape diversion slot (3) along slope
The lower position in face direction；The part that the water distributor (5) is located at slope surface (2) is provided with uniform small pores at interval of 10~20cm.
10. water and soil conservation structure according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：In the season that rainfall is concentrated, rainwater is via slope
The wedge-shape diversion slot (3) in face (2) imports surface runoff in gully, using the draining osmos tube (10) in gully by extra rain
Water is discharged into water storage box and stores；In arid season, by suction pump by the rainwater stored in water storage box via return pipe (8), cloth
Water pipe (5) reversely draws back slope surface (2) for green area irrigation.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810556619.9A CN108487418A (en) | 2018-05-31 | 2018-05-31 | A kind of water and soil conservation structure of prevention soil erosion for loess region |
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| CN201810556619.9A CN108487418A (en) | 2018-05-31 | 2018-05-31 | A kind of water and soil conservation structure of prevention soil erosion for loess region |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109691359A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-30 | 星景生态环保科技（苏州）有限公司 | A kind of planting blanket suitable for arid area |
| CN114000475A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-02-01 | 长安大学 | Farmland soil drainage system for ditch treatment and land reclamation of loess plateau and construction method thereof |
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| CN208618528U (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2019-03-19 | 北京东方园林环境股份有限公司 | A kind of water and soil conservation structure preventing and treating soil erosion for loess region |
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| CN102839744A (en) * | 2012-09-12 | 2012-12-26 | 北京建筑工程学院 | Novel vegetation shallow trench and method for processing runoff rainwater by using same |
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| CN114000475A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-02-01 | 长安大学 | Farmland soil drainage system for ditch treatment and land reclamation of loess plateau and construction method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20180904 |