CN212650187U - Water-saving coastal saline-alkali soil direct greening system - Google Patents
Water-saving coastal saline-alkali soil direct greening system Download PDFInfo
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- CN212650187U CN212650187U CN202021110403.9U CN202021110403U CN212650187U CN 212650187 U CN212650187 U CN 212650187U CN 202021110403 U CN202021110403 U CN 202021110403U CN 212650187 U CN212650187 U CN 212650187U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a water-saving coastal saline and alkaline land direct greening system, including laying the water barrier on the former soil layer of the heavy saline and alkaline land of coastal in proper order, the reservoir bed, plant the soil layer, laid the permeable bed between reservoir bed and the planting soil layer, the drainage hidden pipe has been laid to the surface approximate level of water barrier, laid the filtration irrigation hidden pipe that has the infiltration hole in the planting soil layer approximate level, greening system still includes the drainage hidden well and the irrigation hidden well of roughly vertical setting, the drainage hidden well is linked together by planting soil layer downwardly extending to reservoir bed in and with the drainage hidden pipe, irrigate the hidden well by planting soil layer downwardly extending and with the filtration irrigation hidden pipe be linked together, the drainage hidden well leads to the pipe intercommunication with the irrigation hidden well, be provided with the water pump in the water pipe. The system be applicable to the saltine that coastal hydraulic reclamation silt formed on the ground, can directly plant after implementing the completion, do not need soil drip washing to fall salt, very big saving water resource and time.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of afforestation, especially, relate to a water-saving coastal saline and alkaline land direct greening system.
Background
In coastal areas in northern China, large-area artificial land is formed by a hydraulic filling method, but the formed artificial land becomes severe saline-alkali soil due to the initial condition of soil and natural factors of low rainfall and high evaporation. Plant the plant and just must drip washing earlier and fall the salt in severe saline and alkaline land, and present hidden pipe drainage technique not only can be fine the discharge hidden pipe in the upper portion soil body salt, still has discharged the hidden pipe lower part and the salt of groundwater incidentally, according to the law of conservation of mass, a large amount of salt discharges and just must have the place to deposit, just so very easily causes following technical problem: (1) a large amount of leached brine needs to be treated, the cost is high, and secondary pollution can be caused due to improper treatment; (2) the water consumption for washing the severe saline-alkali soil is huge, so that great waste is caused to water resources; (3) the salt leaching of severe saline-alkali soil is long in time.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the utility model aims at providing a water-saving coastal saline and alkaline land direct greening system to solve the saline and alkaline land afforestation among the prior art and cause other regional pollutions easily, the water consumption is huge, the longer technical problem of drip washing time.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is realized like this:
a water-saving direct greening system for coastal saline-alkali soil comprises a water-resisting layer, a water-storing layer and a planting soil layer which are sequentially paved on an original soil layer of the coastal heavy saline-alkali soil, wherein a permeable layer is paved between the water-storing layer and the planting soil layer, a drainage hidden pipe is paved on the surface of the water-resisting layer approximately horizontally, an infiltration irrigation hidden pipe with an infiltration hole is paved in the planting soil layer approximately horizontally, the greening system further comprises a drainage hidden well and an irrigation hidden well which are approximately vertically arranged, the drainage hidden well downwards extends into the water-storing layer from the planting soil layer and is communicated with the drainage hidden pipe, the irrigation hidden well downwards extends from the planting soil layer and is communicated with the infiltration irrigation hidden pipe, the drainage hidden well is communicated with the irrigation hidden well through a water pipe, and a water pump is arranged in the water.
Preferably, the water storage layer is formed by paving the gravel layer and the sand layer from bottom to top respectively.
Preferably, the material of the permeable layer is a permeable non-woven fabric.
Preferably, the material of the waterproof layer is concrete.
Preferably, the buried depth of the drainage underground pipe is 60-120cm, and the laying distance is 400-1000 cm.
More preferably, when the planted plants are trees, the burying depth of the drainage underground pipe is 100-120cm, and the laying distance is 800-1000 cm; when the planted plants are shrubs, the buried depth of the drainage underground pipe is 80-100cm, and the laying distance is 600-800 cm; when the planted plants are herbaceous plants, the buried depth of the drainage underground pipe is 60-80cm, and the laying distance is 400-600 cm.
Preferably, the drainage hidden well is of a concrete barrel-shaped structure and is formed by installing a floor prefabricated part and a side wall prefabricated part, and drainage hidden pipe through holes are reserved in the side wall prefabricated part.
Preferably, the filtration irrigation hidden pipes are laid at the middle positions of the two adjacent drainage hidden pipes, and the embedding depth is the growth depth of the plant root system.
More preferably, when the planted plants are arbors, the buried depth of the infiltrating irrigation hidden pipes is 50-60 cm; when the planted plants are shrubs, the buried depth of the infiltrating irrigation hidden pipe is 30-40 cm; when the planted plants are herbaceous plants, the buried depth of the infiltrating irrigation hidden pipe is 10-20 cm.
Preferably, the outer surface of the filtration irrigation hidden pipe is wrapped with a water-permeable non-woven fabric.
Preferably, the irrigation hidden well is of a concrete barrel-shaped structure and is formed by installing a floor prefabricated member and a side wall prefabricated member, and irrigation hidden well through holes are reserved in the side wall prefabricated member.
Preferably, the planting soil layer is mixed soil of alien soil and artificial planting soil, and the mass proportion of the alien soil is 65-70%.
The utility model also provides a construction method of above-mentioned water-saving coastal saline and alkaline land direct greening system, specifically include following step:
(1) laying a waterproof layer: leveling a severe saline-alkali soil formed by coastal hydraulic fill silt, and paving a waterproof layer with the paving thickness not less than 50 mm;
(2) laying a drainage concealed pipe: laying drainage concealed pipes after the waterproof layer is laid, wherein each drainage concealed pipe is laid on the waterproof layer in parallel, and the corrugated pipe is wrapped with a permeable non-woven fabric;
(3) laying a water storage layer: after the drainage blind shaft is laid, a water storage layer is laid above the drainage blind shaft, the thickness of the water storage layer is 20cm, a gravel layer and a sand layer are respectively laid from bottom to top, and a permeable non-woven fabric is laid above the sand layer;
(4) laying a planting soil layer: laying the planting soil layer twice, wherein the planting soil layer is laid to the position of the filtration irrigation hidden pipe for the first time, and is laid to the ground surface for the second time;
(5) laying an infiltrating irrigation hidden pipe: the infiltrating irrigation hidden pipe is laid at the growth depth of the plant root system, and when the planting soil layer is laid to the laying depth of the infiltrating irrigation hidden pipe, the laying of the planting soil layer is stopped, and the infiltrating irrigation hidden pipe is laid;
(6) laying a drainage blind well: inserting the drainage concealed pipe and then performing anti-seepage treatment on the hole opening, wherein the drainage concealed well is lower than the ground surface, and the arrangement of the drainage concealed well is performed after the laying of the drainage concealed pipe is completed;
(7) laying an irrigation blind well: and (4) inserting the infiltrating irrigation hidden pipe and then performing orifice anti-seepage treatment. The irrigation water pressure is regulated and controlled through the water depth in the well, and the arrangement of the irrigation blind well is carried out after the laying of the filtration irrigation blind pipe is finished;
(8) installing a water pumping system: and after the planting soil layer is laid, installing a water pipe, installing a water pump in the water pipe, and placing one end of the water pipe at the bottom of the drainage blind well and the other end of the water pipe at the bottom of the irrigation blind well.
Compared with the prior art, water-saving coastal saline-alkali soil direct greening system have the following advantages:
(1) the water-saving coastal saline-alkali land direct greening system is suitable for saline-alkali land formed by coastal hydraulic fill silt, the ground elevation is low, excavation and backfilling are not needed, leveling can be carried out on the land between the ground surfaces, planting can be directly carried out after implementation is finished, soil leaching is not needed, salt is reduced, and water resources and time are greatly saved;
(2) the utility model discloses water-saving coastal saline-alkali soil direct greening system has realized the make full use of water resource through establishing reservoir bed and water circulating system to combine the very big reduction earth's surface evaporation capacity of hidden pipe infiltrating irrigation.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without undue limitation. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a plan view of the water-saving type direct greening system for coastal saline-alkali soil of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 1;
description of reference numerals:
1. infiltrating irrigation of the hidden pipe; 2. a drainage concealed pipe; 3. a drainage blind well; 4. irrigating the blind well; 5. a water pipe; 6. planting a soil layer; 7. a water storage layer; 8. a water barrier layer; 9. the original soil layer of the coastal heavy saline-alkali soil; 10. non-woven fabrics; 11. and (4) a water pump.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, in the present invention, the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience of description and for simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
The water-saving direct afforestation system for coastal saline-alkali soil as shown in fig. 1-3 comprises a water-resisting layer 8, a water-storing layer 7 and a planting soil layer 6 which are sequentially paved on an original soil layer 9 of the coastal heavy saline-alkali soil, a permeable layer is paved between the water-storing layer 7 and the planting soil layer 6, a drainage hidden pipe 2 is paved on the surface of the water-resisting layer 8 approximately horizontally, an infiltration irrigation hidden pipe 1 with an infiltration hole is paved in the planting soil layer 6 approximately horizontally, the afforestation system also comprises a drainage hidden well 3 and an irrigation hidden well 4 which are approximately vertically arranged, the drainage hidden well 3 extends downwards from the planting soil layer 6 to the water-storing layer 7 and is communicated with the drainage hidden pipe 2, the irrigation hidden well 4 extends downwards from the planting soil layer 6 and is communicated with the infiltration irrigation hidden pipe 1, the drainage hidden well 3 is communicated with the irrigation hidden well 4 through a water pipe 5, and a water.
The working principle is as follows: the utility model is implemented on the land formed by coastal silt hydraulic filling, firstly, the ground is leveled, the water-resisting layer 8 is laid after leveling is finished, the water-resisting layer 8 is utilized to isolate the upward migration of the high salinity water in the lower part and isolate the water in the upper part from infiltrating downwards to lift the underground water level, adding soil salinization under the action of evaporation, laying a drainage concealed pipe 2 after a water-resisting layer 8 is laid, laying a water storage layer 7 above the drainage concealed pipe 2, wherein the water storage layer 7 is a large-particle-size gravel layer, storing water by utilizing gaps generated by the gravel, laying geotextile above the water storage layer 7, so as to prevent the small-particle soil of the upper planting soil layer 6 from infiltrating downwards to block the gap of the water storage layer 7 and reduce the water storage capacity of the water storage layer 7, artificial planting soil is laid above the geotextile, when the infiltrating irrigation hidden pipe 1 is laid when the plant root system growing region is laid, the evaporation capacity of the earth surface can be well reduced by underground infiltrating irrigation, and the utilization efficiency of water resources is improved. An irrigation hidden well 4 is arranged above the infiltrating irrigation hidden pipe 1, a drainage hidden well 3 is arranged above the drainage hidden pipe 2, the irrigation hidden well 4 is communicated with the infiltrating irrigation hidden pipe 1, and the water level in the well is used for controlling the osmotic water pressure of the infiltrating irrigation hidden pipe 1. The drainage hidden well 3 is communicated with the drainage hidden pipe 2, and the water storage condition and the underground water level condition of the water storage layer 7 are observed by utilizing the communicating vessel principle. The irrigation blind well 4 is connected with the drainage blind well 3 through a water pipe 5, and when the irrigation blind well 4 is lack of water, the water pump 11 arranged in the water pipe 5 can be used for pumping the water in the drainage blind well 3 into the irrigation blind well 4. And (3) repairing soil layers around the drainage blind well 3 into a horn shape, wherein the well mouth is slightly lower than the ground, and surface runoff which is not in time of infiltration is fully collected by the drainage blind well 3.
The utility model discloses an above-mentioned water-saving coastal saline and alkaline land direct greening system's construction method specifically includes following step:
(1) laying a waterproof layer 8: leveling the severe saline-alkali soil formed by the coastal hydraulic fill silt, and paving a water-resisting layer 8, wherein the water-resisting layer 8 is made of impervious concrete with an impervious grade not lower than P8, and the paving thickness is not less than 50 mm. The construction and maintenance of the concrete are strictly carried out according to relevant national standard specifications.
(2) Laying a drainage concealed pipe 2: and (3) laying the drainage concealed pipes 2 after the waterproof layer 8 is laid, wherein each drainage concealed pipe 2 is laid on the waterproof layer 8 in parallel, the drainage concealed pipes 2 are perforated PVC corrugated pipes with the diameter of 60mm, and the corrugated pipes are wrapped by the permeable non-woven fabric 10. The laying parameters of the drainage hidden pipes 2 are determined according to the plant types, the embedding depth of the arbor hidden pipes is 100-1000 cm, and the laying distance is 800-1000 cm; the embedding depth of the shrub concealed pipe is 80-100cm, and the laying distance is 600-800 cm; the buried depth of the herbal plant concealed pipe is 60-80cm, and the laying distance is 400-600 cm. The drainage hidden pipe 2 is a main structure for connecting the water storage layer 7 and the drainage hidden well 3, and by utilizing the principle of a communicating vessel, when water is needed, the water stored in the water storage layer 7 is led out by the drainage hidden well 3, and surface runoff collected by the drainage hidden well 3 is led into the water storage layer 7 in rainfall.
(3) Laying a water storage layer 7: and after the drainage blind well 3 is laid, a water storage layer 7 is laid above the drainage blind well, the thickness of the water storage layer 7 is 20cm, 15cm of broken stone and 5cm of sand are laid from bottom to top respectively, a permeable non-woven fabric 10 is laid above the sand layer, the upper soil is prevented from seeping downwards along with water flow, the gap of the water storage layer 7 is blocked, and the water storage capacity is reduced.
(4) Laying a planting soil layer 6: the planting soil layer 6 is paved with mixed soil of alien soil and artificial planting soil, the mass proportion of the alien soil is 65-70%, the soil paving thickness is determined according to the buried depth of a buried pipe, and the soil paving thickness of arbor is 80-100 cm; the thickness of the shrub soil is 60-80 cm; the thickness of the herbaceous plant soil is 40-60 cm. And the planting soil layer 6 is paved for two times, wherein the first time is paved to the position of the filtration irrigation hidden pipe 1, and the second time is paved to the ground surface.
(5) Laying an infiltrating irrigation hidden pipe 1: as shown in fig. 3, the filtration irrigation hidden pipe 1 is laid at the growth depth of the plant root system, and the laying depth of the arbor is 50-60 cm; the depth of shrub laying is 30-40 cm; the laying depth of the herbaceous plants is 10-20 cm. The laying depth of the filtration irrigation hidden pipe 1 is also finely adjusted according to the growth depth of the actual plant root system. The infiltrating irrigation hidden pipe 1 is laid in the middle of two adjacent drainage hidden pipes 2 to ensure even infiltration. When the planting soil layer 6 is paved to the paving depth of the filtration irrigation hidden pipe 1, the planting soil layer 6 is stopped to be paved, the filtration irrigation hidden pipe 1 is paved, the hidden pipe adopts a perforated PVC corrugated pipe with the diameter of 50mm, and the corrugated pipe is externally wrapped with a permeable non-woven fabric 10 to prevent soil from blocking the water seepage holes.
(6) And (3) laying a drainage blind well: the drainage hidden well 3 is of a concrete barrel-shaped structure, the outer diameter of a well shaft is 70cm, the well shaft is installed through prefabrication assembly, the prefabricated well shaft comprises a floor prefabricated part and a side wall prefabricated part, a through hole of the drainage hidden pipe 2 is reserved on the side wall prefabricated part, and orifice seepage-proofing treatment is carried out after the drainage hidden pipe 2 is inserted. The ground around the drainage hidden well 3 is made into a trumpet shape, and the drainage hidden well 3 is lower than the ground surface, so that surface runoff generated in rainfall can be fully collected. The arrangement of the drainage blind well 3 is carried out after the drainage blind pipe 2 is laid.
(7) And (4) laying an irrigation blind well: the irrigation hidden well 4 is of a concrete barrel-shaped structure, the outer diameter of the well shaft is 70cm, the well shaft is installed through prefabrication assembly, the prefabricated well shaft comprises a floor prefabricated part and a side wall prefabricated part, a through hole of the filtration irrigation hidden pipe 1 is reserved on the side wall prefabricated part, and orifice seepage-proofing treatment is carried out after the filtration irrigation hidden pipe 1 is inserted. The irrigation water pressure is regulated and controlled through the water depth in the well. The arrangement of the irrigation blind well 4 is carried out after the laying of the filtration irrigation blind pipe 1 is finished.
(8) Installing a water pumping system: as shown in fig. 3, after the planting soil layer 6 is laid, the water pipe 5 and the water pump 11 are installed, the water pump 11 is installed between the drainage blind well 3 and the irrigation blind well 4, one end of the water pipe 5 is placed at the bottom of the drainage blind well 3, and the other end of the water pipe is placed at the bottom of the irrigation blind well 4. When the irrigation blind well 4 needs water, the water in the drainage blind well 3 can be pumped in.
The water-saving coastal saline-alkali land direct greening system and the construction method thereof are suitable for saline-alkali land formed by coastal hydraulic fill silt, the ground elevation is low, excavation and backfilling are not needed, the leveling can be implemented on the land between the lands, the land can be directly planted after the implementation is finished, the soil is not needed to be washed and the salt is reduced, and the water resource and the time are greatly saved; additionally, the utility model discloses an establish reservoir bed 7 and water circulating system (water pipe 5 and water pump 11), realized the make full use of water resource to combine the very big earth's surface evaporation capacity that has reduced of hidden pipe infiltrating irrigation.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. A water-saving coastal saline-alkali soil direct greening system is characterized in that: the greening system comprises a water-resisting layer (8), a water storage layer (7) and a planting soil layer (6) which are sequentially paved on an original soil layer (9) of the coastal heavy saline-alkali soil, a permeable layer is paved between the water storage layer (7) and the planting soil layer (6), a drainage hidden pipe (2) is paved on the surface of the water-resisting layer (8) approximately horizontally, an infiltrating irrigation hidden pipe (1) with an infiltrating hole is paved in the planting soil layer (6) approximately horizontally, the greening system further comprises a drainage hidden well (3) and an irrigation hidden well (4) which are approximately vertically arranged, the drainage hidden well (3) extends downwards into the water storage layer (7) from the planting soil layer (6) and is communicated with the drainage hidden pipe (2), the irrigation hidden well (4) extends downwards from the planting soil layer (6) and is communicated with the infiltrating irrigation hidden pipe (1), and the drainage hidden well (3) is communicated with the irrigation hidden well (4) through a water pipe (5), a water pump (11) is arranged in the water pipe (5).
2. The water-saving coastal saline-alkali soil direct greening system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the water storage layer (7) is formed by paving a gravel layer and a sand layer from bottom to top respectively.
3. The water-saving coastal saline-alkali soil direct greening system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the material of the permeable layer is a permeable non-woven fabric (10).
4. The water-saving coastal saline-alkali soil direct greening system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the waterproof layer (8) is made of concrete.
5. The water-saving coastal saline-alkali soil direct greening system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the buried depth of the drainage hidden pipe (2) is 60-120cm, and the laying distance is 400-1000 cm.
6. The water-saving coastal saline-alkali soil direct greening system as claimed in claim 5, wherein: when the planted plants are trees, the embedding depth of the drainage underground pipe (2) is 120cm, and the laying distance is 1000cm and 800; when the planted plants are shrubs, the buried depth of the drainage underground pipe (2) is 80-100cm, and the laying distance is 600-800 cm; when the planted plants are herbaceous plants, the buried depth of the drainage underground pipe (2) is 60-80cm, and the laying distance is 400-600 cm.
7. The water-saving coastal saline-alkali soil direct greening system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the drainage hidden well (3) and the irrigation hidden well (4) are both concrete barrel-shaped structures and are formed by installing floor prefabricated parts and side wall prefabricated parts, and through holes are reserved on the side wall prefabricated parts.
8. The water-saving coastal saline-alkali soil direct greening system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the filtration irrigation hidden pipe (1) is laid in the middle of two adjacent drainage hidden pipes (2), and the embedding depth is the growth depth of the plant root system.
9. The water-saving coastal saline-alkali soil direct greening system as claimed in claim 8, wherein: when the planted plants are arbors, the embedding depth of the infiltrating irrigation hidden pipe (1) is 50-60 cm; when the planted plants are shrubs, the buried depth of the infiltrating irrigation hidden pipe (1) is 30-40 cm; when the planted plants are herbaceous plants, the buried depth of the infiltrating irrigation hidden pipe (1) is 10-20 cm.
10. The water-saving coastal saline-alkali soil direct greening system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the outer surface of the filtration irrigation hidden pipe (1) is wrapped with a water-permeable non-woven fabric (10).
11. The water-saving coastal saline-alkali soil direct greening system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the planting soil layer (6) is mixed soil of alien soil and artificial planting soil, and the mass proportion of the alien soil is 65-70%.
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| CN111587731A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-08-28 | 天津泰达盐碱地绿化研究中心有限公司 | Water-saving coastal saline-alkali soil direct greening system and construction method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111587731A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-08-28 | 天津泰达盐碱地绿化研究中心有限公司 | Water-saving coastal saline-alkali soil direct greening system and construction method thereof |
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Address after: No. 26 Muning Road, Binhai New Area Development Zone, Tianjin City, 300457 Patentee after: Tianjin TEDA Green Technology Group Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. 26 Muning Road, Binhai New Area Development Zone, Tianjin City, 300457 Patentee before: TIANJIN TEDA GREENING GROUP Co.,Ltd. |
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Address after: No. 26 Muning Road, Binhai New Area Development Zone, Tianjin City, 300457 Patentee after: Tianjin TEDA Green Technology Group Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. 26 Muning Road, Binhai New Area Development Zone, Tianjin City, 300457 Patentee before: Tianjin TEDA Green Technology Group Co.,Ltd. |