CN108686011B - 一种用于小儿消食的鸡内金山楂颗粒及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种用于小儿消食的鸡内金山楂颗粒及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于小儿消食的鸡内金山楂颗粒及其制备方法，涉及中药技术领域，其原料按重量份包括：山楂20‑30份、鸡内金20‑30份、白扁豆10‑17份、大枣15‑23份、橘皮12‑20份、余甘子12‑20份、莱菔子15‑23份、葛根15‑23份、蔗糖15‑25份、食用葡萄糖2‑5份。本发明精选药食同源原料山楂、鸡内金、白扁豆、大枣、橘皮、余甘子、莱菔子、葛根，制成散剂，冲饮方便，该方中山楂和鸡内金消食、健脾胃，白扁豆和橘皮燥湿、化湿，大枣和莱菔子行气消滞、安神，余甘子和葛根清热退热、生津，整体调节机体，起到健脾胃、理气机、消食滞的作用，用于脾胃不和，消化不良，食欲不振，便秘，食滞，疳积等症，标本兼治，见效快，疗效确切，安全可靠，适合长期服用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中药技术领域，尤其涉及一种用于小儿消食的鸡内金山楂颗粒及其制备方法。
背景技术
消化不良(dyspepsia)是一种临床症候群，是由胃动力障碍所引起的疾病，也包括胃蠕动不好的胃轻瘫和食道反流病。消化不良主要分为功能性消化不良和器质性消化不良。功能性消化不良的主要症状表现有断断续续地有上腹部不适或疼痛、饱胀、早饱、嗳气、食欲不振、恶心、呕吐等不适症状，夜里也不易安睡。消化不良是一种常见的功能肠胃病，小儿，特别是婴幼儿的消化器官尚未发育成熟，不适应食物的质和量的变化，所以一旦喂养不当，冷热失调或遇到感染时，就容易引起肠道消化吸收的功能紊乱病。
目前治疗消化不良病症的药物种类琳琅满目，西药虽然见效快、疗效好，但有一定的副作用，而中药治疗消化不良的药物具有副作用很小、疗效高的特点，受到患者的青睐。消化不良属中医的“脘痞”、“胃痛”、“嘈杂”等范畴，其病在胃，涉及肝脾等脏器，宜辨证施治，予以健脾和胃，疏肝理气，消食导滞等法治疗。
发明内容
基于背景技术存在的技术问题，本发明提出了一种用于小儿消食的鸡内金山楂颗粒及其制备方法，从整体调节机体，起到健脾胃、理气机、消食滞的作用。
本发明提出的一种用于小儿消食的鸡内金山楂颗粒，其原料按重量份包括：山楂20-30份、鸡内金20-30份、白扁豆10-17份、大枣15-23份、橘皮12-20份、余甘子12-20份、莱菔子15-23份、葛根15-23份、蔗糖15-25份、食用葡萄糖2-5份。
优选地，其原料按重量份包括：山楂22-26份、鸡内金24-28份、白扁豆12-15份、大枣18-21份、橘皮14-18份、余甘子15-18份、莱菔子16-20份、葛根18-22份、蔗糖18-23份、食用葡萄糖3-4份。
本发明还提出了上述用于小儿消食的鸡内金山楂颗粒的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、将山楂、鸡内金、白扁豆、大枣、橘皮、余甘子、莱菔子、葛根粉碎，混合，加水，加入复合酶，酶解处理，然后煎煮提取，过滤，得水提液；
S2、将水提液减压浓缩，然后加入乙醇调节含醇量至65-70％，冷藏，静置，过滤，得精提液；
S3、将精提液减压回收乙醇，浓缩至浸膏，然后加入蔗糖和食用葡萄糖，混匀，制粒，干燥，即得鸡内金山楂颗粒。
优选地，所述S1中，加入药材初始质量7-12倍的水，药材初始质量0.5-1％的复合酶，复合酶由纤维素酶和果胶酶组成，在30-40℃、pH4.5-5.5的条件下酶解处理40-60min，然后煎煮提取40-60min，过滤，得水提液。
优选地，所述S1中，复合酶由纤维素酶和果胶酶按照3-5：2-3的重量比组成。
优选地，所述S2中，将水提液减压浓缩至含水量为20-25％。
优选地，所述S2中，于5℃下冷藏，静置15-20h。
本发明中各原料药物的功效如下：
山楂：性微温，味酸、甘，归脾经、胃经、肝经，具有消食健脾、润肺益气的功效，治疗肉食积滞、小儿乳积、脘腹胀痛、痢疾、泄泻、痛经、产后瘀血腹痛、高血脂症等。
鸡内金：性平，味甘，归脾经、胃经、小肠经、膀胱经，具有健胃消食、涩精止遗的功效，用治食积不消、呕吐泻痢、小儿疳积、遗尿、遗精。
白扁豆：性微温，味甘，归脾经、胃经，具有健脾化湿、和中消暑的功效，用治脾虚湿盛、运化失常而见食少便溏或泄泻，脾虚而湿浊下注，白带过多，暑湿吐泻等；药理试验表明，白扁豆有抗菌、抗病毒、增强细胞免疫功能。
大枣：性温，味甘，归脾经、胃经、心经，具有补中益气、养血安神的功效，用治脾虚食少、气血津液不足、乏力便溏，药理试验表明，红枣有中枢抑制作用、护肝、增强肌力、抗变态反应、抗疲劳、抗肿瘤、镇静安、增加白细胞cAMP、增强免疫等功能。
橘皮：味辛、味苦，性温，归脾经、肺经，具有理气开胃、燥湿化痰的功效，用治胸脘胀满、食少呕吐、咳嗽痰多；药理试验表明，橘皮有调整消化系统，兴奋心脏，平喘祛痰，增强免疫功能、抗炎，促进唾液、胃液等消化液分泌和消除肠内积气等作用。
余甘子：性凉，味甘、酸、涩，归肺经、胃经，具有清热凉血，消食健胃，生津止咳的功效，用治血热血瘀，消化不良，腹胀，咳嗽，喉痛，口干。
莱菔子：性平，味辛、甘，归脾经、胃经、肺经，具有下气、祛痰、消食化积的功效，用于咳嗽痰喘、食积气滞、胸闷腹胀、下痢后重等症；药理试验表明，莱菔子能促进回肠节律性收缩和抑制胃排空，其水煎剂增强胃肠运动。
葛根：性凉，味甘、辛，归脾经、胃经，具有解肌退热、生津、透疹、升阳止泻的功效，用治伤寒、温热头痛项强、烦热消渴、泄泻、痢疾、癍疹不透、高血压、心绞痛、耳聋等。
有益效果：本发明精选药食同源原料山楂、鸡内金、白扁豆、大枣、橘皮、余甘子、莱菔子、葛根，采用复合酶先进行酶解处理，选择性地破坏细胞壁，使有效成分更易溶解浸出，缩短煎煮时间，减少热敏成分降解，有效成分浸出率高，加入蔗糖和使用葡萄糖，制成散剂，冲饮方便，该方中山楂和鸡内金消食、健脾胃，白扁豆和橘皮燥湿、化湿，大枣和莱菔子行气消滞、安神，余甘子和葛根清热退热、生津，整体调节机体，起到健脾胃、理气机、消食滞的作用，用于脾胃不和，消化不良，食欲不振，便秘，食滞，疳积等症，标本兼治，见效快，疗效确切，无不良反应，安全可靠，适合长期服用，大人小孩均可服用，尤其适用小儿。
具体实施方式
下面，通过具体实施例对本发明的技术方案进行详细说明。
实施例1
本发明提出的一种用于小儿消食的鸡内金山楂颗粒，其原料按重量份包括：山楂20份、鸡内金30份、白扁豆10份、大枣15份、橘皮20份、余甘子12份、莱菔子23份、葛根23份、蔗糖15份、食用葡萄糖5份。
本发明还提出了上述用于小儿消食的鸡内金山楂颗粒的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、将山楂、鸡内金、白扁豆、大枣、橘皮、余甘子、莱菔子、葛根粉碎，混合，加入药材初始质量7倍的水，药材初始质量0.5％的复合酶，复合酶由纤维素酶和果胶酶按照3：3的重量比组成，在30℃、pH4.5的条件下酶解处理40min，然后煎煮提取40min，过滤，得水提液；
S2、将水提液减压浓缩至含水量为20％，然后加入乙醇调节含醇量至70％，于5℃下冷藏，静置15h，过滤，得精提液；
S3、将精提液减压回收乙醇，浓缩至浸膏，然后加入蔗糖和食用葡萄糖，混匀，制粒，干燥，即得鸡内金山楂颗粒。
实施例2
本发明提出的一种用于小儿消食的鸡内金山楂颗粒，其原料按重量份包括：山楂30份、鸡内金20份、白扁豆17份、大枣23份、橘皮12份、余甘子20份、莱菔子15份、葛根15份、蔗糖25份、食用葡萄糖2份。
本发明还提出了上述用于小儿消食的鸡内金山楂颗粒的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、将山楂、鸡内金、白扁豆、大枣、橘皮、余甘子、莱菔子、葛根粉碎，混合，加入药材初始质量12倍的水，药材初始质量1％的复合酶，复合酶由纤维素酶和果胶酶按照5：2的重量比组成，在40℃、pH5.5的条件下酶解处理60min，然后煎煮提取60min，过滤，得水提液；
S2、将水提液减压浓缩至含水量为25％，然后加入乙醇调节含醇量至65％，于5℃下冷藏，静置20h，过滤，得精提液；
S3、将精提液减压回收乙醇，浓缩至浸膏，然后加入蔗糖和食用葡萄糖，混匀，制粒，干燥，即得鸡内金山楂颗粒。
实施例3
本发明提出的一种用于小儿消食的鸡内金山楂颗粒，其原料按重量份包括：山楂22份、鸡内金24份、白扁豆15份、大枣21份、橘皮14份、余甘子18份、莱菔子20份、葛根18份、蔗糖18份、食用葡萄糖4份。
本发明还提出了上述用于小儿消食的鸡内金山楂颗粒的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、将山楂、鸡内金、白扁豆、大枣、橘皮、余甘子、莱菔子、葛根粉碎，混合，加入药材初始质量8倍的水，药材初始质量0.6％的复合酶，复合酶由纤维素酶和果胶酶按照3.3：2.7的重量比组成，在30℃、pH5.5的条件下酶解处理45min，然后煎煮提取55min，过滤，得水提液；
S2、将水提液减压浓缩至含水量为25％，然后加入乙醇调节含醇量至70％，于5℃下冷藏，静置17h，过滤，得精提液；
S3、将精提液减压回收乙醇，浓缩至浸膏，然后加入蔗糖和食用葡萄糖，混匀，制粒，干燥，即得鸡内金山楂颗粒。
实施例4
本发明提出的一种用于小儿消食的鸡内金山楂颗粒，其原料按重量份包括：山楂26份、鸡内金28份、白扁豆12份、大枣18份、橘皮18份、余甘子15份、莱菔子16份、葛根22份、蔗糖23份、食用葡萄糖3份。
本发明还提出了上述用于小儿消食的鸡内金山楂颗粒的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、将山楂、鸡内金、白扁豆、大枣、橘皮、余甘子、莱菔子、葛根粉碎，混合，加入药材初始质量10倍的水，药材初始质量0.8％的复合酶，复合酶由纤维素酶和果胶酶按照3.8：2.2的重量比组成，在35℃、pH5.5的条件下酶解处理50min，然后煎煮提取50min，过滤，得水提液；
S2、将水提液减压浓缩至含水量为23％，然后加入乙醇调节含醇量至68％，于5℃下冷藏，静置19h，过滤，得精提液；
S3、将精提液减压回收乙醇，浓缩至浸膏，然后加入蔗糖和食用葡萄糖，混匀，制粒，干燥，即得鸡内金山楂颗粒。
实施例5
本发明提出的一种用于小儿消食的鸡内金山楂颗粒，其原料按重量份包括：山楂24份、鸡内金27份、白扁豆13份、大枣20份、橘皮16份、余甘子17份、莱菔子18份、葛根20份、蔗糖22份、食用葡萄糖4份。
本发明还提出了上述用于小儿消食的鸡内金山楂颗粒的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、将山楂、鸡内金、白扁豆、大枣、橘皮、余甘子、莱菔子、葛根粉碎，混合，加入药材初始质量9倍的水，药材初始质量0.7％的复合酶，复合酶由纤维素酶和果胶酶按照3.5：2.5的重量比组成，在35℃、pH5.0的条件下酶解处理40min，然后煎煮提取50min，过滤，得水提液；
S2、将水提液减压浓缩至含水量为20％，然后加入乙醇调节含醇量至65％，于5℃下冷藏，静置18h，过滤，得精提液；
S3、将精提液减压回收乙醇，浓缩至浸膏，然后加入蔗糖和食用葡萄糖，混匀，制粒，干燥，装袋，5g/袋，即得鸡内金山楂颗粒。
将本发明制备的鸡内金山楂颗粒的药效进行研究。
1、实验目的：考察药物对小鼠肠推进实验的影响，研究其是否具有胃肠运动的作用。
2、实验动物：ICR小鼠，SPF级，雄性，20-25g，150只，购自北京维通利华实验动物技术有限公司。
3、实验方法：将ICR小鼠随机分为五组，每组30只，分别为实验组1倍剂量、实验组3倍剂量、对照组1、对照组2和空白组，其中，实验组采用本发明实施例5中制备的鸡内金山楂消食颗粒，三周岁至七周岁幼人用剂量为10g/人/日，对比组1采用吗丁啉，对比组2采用江中牌健胃消食片，进行灌药试验，其中实验组分别采用1倍和3倍剂量，灌胃体积20mL/kg，给药30天。末次给药前各组小鼠禁食不禁水24h，各组分别给予含受试物的墨汁，空白组给予墨汁。25min后立即脱颈椎处死动物，打开腹腔分离肠系膜，剪取上端自幽门、下端至回盲部的肠管，置于托盘上，轻轻将小肠拉成直线，测量肠管长度为“小肠总长度”，从幽门至墨汁前沿为“墨汁推进长度”。
按公式计算墨汁推进率：墨汁推进率(％)＝墨汁推进长度(cm)/小肠总长度(cm)×100％。
4、实验结果：见表1。
表1小鼠肠推进试验数据
注：与空白组比：*p≤0.05，**p≤0.01。
由表1中可以看出，本发明实施例中制备的鸡内金山楂颗粒能够很好的促进胃肠道运动，有助于消食。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (2)
1.一种用于小儿消食的鸡内金山楂颗粒，其特征在于，其原料按重量份由以下组分组成：山楂20-30份、鸡内金20-30份、白扁豆10-17份、大枣15-23份、橘皮12-20份、余甘子12-20份、莱菔子15-23份、葛根15-23份、蔗糖15-25份、食用葡萄糖2-5份；
其中，所述的用于小儿消食的鸡内金山楂颗粒的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、将山楂、鸡内金、白扁豆、大枣、橘皮、余甘子、莱菔子、葛根粉碎，混合，加水，加入复合酶，酶解处理，然后煎煮提取，过滤，得水提液；
S2、将水提液减压浓缩，然后加入乙醇调节含醇量至65-70%，冷藏，静置，过滤，得精提液；
S3、将精提液减压回收乙醇，浓缩至浸膏，然后加入蔗糖和食用葡萄糖，混匀，制粒，干燥，即得鸡内金山楂颗粒；
所述S1中，加入药材初始质量7-12倍的水，药材初始质量0.5-1%的复合酶，复合酶由纤维素酶和果胶酶组成，在30-40℃、pH4.5-5.5的条件下酶解处理40-60min，然后煎煮提取40-60min，过滤，得水提液；
所述S1中，复合酶由纤维素酶和果胶酶按照3-5：2-3的重量比组成；
所述S2中，将水提液减压浓缩至含水量为20-25%；
所述S2中，于5℃下冷藏，静置15-20h。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于小儿消食的鸡内金山楂颗粒，其特征在于，其原料按重量份由以下组分组成：山楂22-26份、鸡内金24-28份、白扁豆12-15份、大枣18-21份、橘皮14-18份、余甘子15-18份、莱菔子16-20份、葛根18-22份、蔗糖18-23份、食用葡萄糖3-4份。
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| CN115590126A (zh) * | 2021-07-09 | 2023-01-13 | 广西芊河源生物科技有限公司（Cn） | 一种具有健胃消食功能的饮料配方及加工工艺 |
| CN114128786B (zh) * | 2021-09-26 | 2022-06-14 | 中国中医科学院中药研究所 | 一种用于动物消食的制剂及其制备方法 |
| CN115669826A (zh) * | 2022-11-16 | 2023-02-03 | 广州泽力医药科技有限公司 | 一种健脾开胃植物饮料及其制备方法 |
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