CN108685105B - Modified peanut shell mushroom culture medium and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Modified peanut shell mushroom culture medium and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108685105B CN108685105B CN201810563799.3A CN201810563799A CN108685105B CN 108685105 B CN108685105 B CN 108685105B CN 201810563799 A CN201810563799 A CN 201810563799A CN 108685105 B CN108685105 B CN 108685105B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N5/00—Machines for hulling, husking or cracking nuts
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- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a modified peanut shell mushroom culture medium, which is mainly prepared from the following raw materials. The weight portions are as follows: 40-50 parts of modified peanut shell, 20-30 parts of wheat bran, 10-25 parts of wood chips, 3-4 parts of gypsum powder, 5-7 parts of corn grits and a proper amount of water. The invention adopts the modified peanut shells as the main raw material, reduces the raw material cost of the whole mushroom culture medium, and is the edible mushroom base fertilizer rich in calcium. The mushroom needs a large amount of calcium element in the growth process, so that the quality and the nutritional value of the mushroom can be improved, and the calcium element added with chemicals in the culture medium is not easy to absorb and has poor effect. The invention utilizes the modified peanut shells to adsorb calcium ions, and then the calcium ions are used as the main raw material of the mushroom culture medium, so that the calcium can be provided for a long time in the growth process of mushrooms, and the mushroom culture medium is stable and healthier. Meanwhile, the treatment of solid agricultural and forestry wastes can be solved, and the waste is changed into valuable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a mushroom culture medium, in particular to a mushroom culture medium taking modified peanut shells as raw materials and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The mushroom is also known as the Chinese mushroom, is one of the famous practical fungi in the world and is an edible fungus with high nutritional, medicinal and health-care values. Modern researches show that the shiitake has the functions of resisting tumor, resisting virus, regulating immunity and the like. At present, raw materials of the mushroom culture medium are all components such as sawdust and cottonseed hulls, and are few and high in cost. It is difficult to satisfy the needs of fungus growth. The mushroom needs a large amount of calcium element in the growth process, so that the quality and the nutritional value of the mushroom can be improved, but the calcium element added with chemicals in the culture medium is not easy to absorb and has poor absorption effect.
The mushroom is a fungus which absorbs cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, pectin, starch and the like, has strong capacity of degrading cellulose, and can secrete various extracellular enzymes to degrade lignocellulose and other organic macromolecules through hypha in a matrix. The main substances of the peanut shell are cellulose and hemicellulose, and lignin and hemilignin. Therefore, the peanut shells can provide rich carbon and nitrogen sources for the growth of the edible fungus mycelia, and the growth and development of the edible fungus mycelia can be remarkably promoted and the yield of the edible fungus is improved by adding the peanut shells into the culture medium or the culture material.
Meanwhile, a primary alcohol hydroxyl group and two secondary alcohol hydroxyl groups exist on a sugar ring of a basic structural unit of cellulose macromolecules in the peanut shell, the lignin contains a phenolic hydroxyl group and a methoxyl group besides an alcohol hydroxyl group, and the active groups not only become functional groups for adsorption, but also can become sites for chemical modification, so that the peanut shell is a natural advantage of being used as an adsorption base material.
The peanut shells are modified and are made to absorb calcium ions, and then the modified peanut shells are used as the main raw material of the mushroom culture medium, so that the cost of the mushroom culture medium is reduced, a calcium source can be provided for the long-term growth process of mushrooms, the treatment of solid agricultural and forestry wastes can be solved, and the waste is changed into valuable.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a modified peanut shell mushroom culture medium and a preparation method thereof. The culture medium utilizes the modified peanut shells as the main raw material of the culture medium after absorbing calcium ions, so that the raw material cost of the mushroom culture medium is reduced, the culture medium is rich in calcium, a safe and stable calcium source is provided for the growth of mushrooms, and meanwhile, the treatment of solid agricultural and forestry wastes can be solved, and the waste is changed into valuable.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that a culture medium taking modified peanut shells as main raw materials comprises the following components in parts by mass: 40-50 parts of modified peanut shell, 20-30 parts of wheat bran, 10-25 parts of wood dust, 3-4 parts of gypsum powder, 5-7 parts of corn grits and a proper amount of water.
A modified peanut shell mushroom culture medium and a preparation method thereof are characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preparing modified peanut shells: cleaning fresh peanut shells with tap water and deionized water respectively, drying in a forced air drying oven to constant weight, pulverizing with a pulverizer, sieving with a molecular sieve to obtain peanut shell powder, and placing in a dryer for use; adding a certain amount of peanut shell powder into a 2% NaOH solution, stirring and reacting for 1h in a water bath at 85 ℃, performing suction filtration, washing the peanut shell powder to be neutral by using deionized water, and placing the peanut shell powder in a blast drying oven at 55 ℃ to dry the peanut shell powder to constant weight. At room temperature, taking a proper amount of modified peanut shells into 100 mL of calcium-containing ion solution, adjusting the pH value of the solution to be 12, placing the solution in a shaking table for adsorption reaction for 24 hours, washing the solution to be neutral by deionized water after adsorption is finished, filtering the solution, and placing the solution in a forced air drying oven to be dried to constant weight at 55 ℃;
2) mixing: dissolving modified peanut shell, sawdust, wheat bran, corn grits and gypsum powder, mixing uniformly, adding water while stirring until the water addition amount is 60-65% (when the peanut shell is held by hand, the corn grits have moist feeling, and the gypsum powder has watermark on hand);
3) fermentation: piling the mixed raw materials into a material pile, and then performing fermentation treatment for 3-4 days at the fermentation temperature of 30-40 ℃ for turning the pile the next day;
4) and (3) sterilization: and bagging the fermented raw materials according to the specification, sterilizing by adopting high-pressure steam, and keeping sterilizing for 2.0-3 h under the conditions of 0.14-0.15 MPa and 120 ℃.
The calcium ion solution in the step 1) is 0.1mol/LCaCl2And (3) solution.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the mushroom culture medium is rich in calcium, and the growth of mushrooms needs a large amount of calcium elements, so that the quality and the edible value of the mushrooms can be improved. The culture medium adopts the modified peanut shells after absorbing calcium ions as the main raw material, has rich calcium content, can provide calcium element in the whole growth period of the mushrooms, and is safe and stable. Meanwhile, agricultural and forestry wastes are used as the raw materials of the culture medium, so that the cost of mushroom cultivation can be reduced, the aim of changing waste into valuables is fulfilled, and the agricultural waste resources are recycled.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific examples, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific descriptions of the following examples.
Example 1:
a modified peanut shell mushroom culture medium and a preparation method thereof are disclosed, which comprises the following components by mass: 40 parts of modified peanut shell, 30 parts of wheat bran, 25 parts of wood chips, 4 parts of gypsum powder, 7 parts of corn grits and a proper amount of water. The preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) mixing: dissolving modified peanut shell, sawdust, wheat bran, corn grits and gypsum powder, mixing uniformly, adding water while stirring until the water addition amount is 60-65% (when the peanut shell is held by hand, the corn grits have moist feeling, and the gypsum powder has watermark on hand);
2) fermentation: piling the mixed raw materials into a material pile, and then performing fermentation treatment for 3-4 days at the fermentation temperature of 30-40 ℃ for turning the pile the next day;
3) and (3) sterilization: and bagging the fermented raw materials according to the specification, sterilizing by adopting high-pressure steam, and keeping sterilizing for 2.0-3 h under the conditions of 0.14-0.15 MPa and 120 ℃.
Example 2:
a modified peanut shell mushroom culture medium and a preparation method thereof are disclosed, which comprises the following components by mass: 50 parts of modified peanut shell, 25 parts of wheat bran, 25 parts of wood chips, 4 parts of gypsum powder, 7 parts of corn grits and a proper amount of water. The preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) mixing: dissolving modified peanut shell, sawdust, wheat bran, corn grits and gypsum powder, mixing uniformly, adding water while stirring until the water addition amount is 60-65% (when the peanut shell is held by hand, the corn grits have moist feeling, and the gypsum powder has watermark on hand);
2) fermentation: piling the mixed raw materials into a material pile, and then performing fermentation treatment for 3-4 days at the fermentation temperature of 30-40 ℃ for turning the pile the next day;
3) and (3) sterilization: and bagging the fermented raw materials according to the specification, sterilizing by adopting high-pressure steam, and keeping sterilizing for 2.0-3 h under the conditions of 0.14-0.15 MPa and 120 ℃.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the presently preferred embodiments and are not intended to limit the spirit and scope of the invention. Various modifications and changes to the technical solutions of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the design concept of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The preparation method of the mushroom culture medium is characterized in that the mushroom culture medium is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of modified peanut shell, 20-30 parts of wheat bran, 10-25 parts of wood chips, 3-4 parts of gypsum powder, 5-7 parts of corn grits and a proper amount of water, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) preparing modified peanut shells: cleaning fresh peanut shells with tap water and deionized water respectively, drying in a forced air drying oven to constant weight, and pulverizing with a pulverizer to obtain peanut shell powder; taking a certain amount of peanut shell powder, adding the peanut shell powder into 2 percent NaOH solution, and stirring and reacting in water bath at 85 DEG C1h, performing suction filtration, washing the mixture to be neutral by using deionized water, and then placing the mixture in a forced air drying oven to be dried to constant weight at 55 ℃; taking a proper amount of modified peanut shells in 100 mL of 0.1mol/LCaCl at room temperature2In the solution, adjusting the pH value of the solution to 12, placing the solution in a shaking table for adsorption reaction for 24 hours, washing the solution with deionized water until the solution is neutral, filtering the solution, placing the filtered solution in an air-blast drying oven, and drying the filtered solution at 55 ℃ to constant weight to obtain modified peanut shells adsorbing calcium ions;
2) mixing: dissolving and mixing the modified peanut shell, the wood chips, the wheat bran, the corn grits and the gypsum powder uniformly, and adding water while stirring until the water addition amount is 60-65%;
3) fermentation: piling the mixed materials into a pile, then performing fermentation treatment, wherein the fermentation time is 3-4 days, the fermentation temperature is 40-50 ℃, and the pile is turned on the next day after fermentation;
4) and (3) sterilization: and bagging the fermented mixed material according to the specification, and keeping sterilization for 2.0-3 h under the conditions of 0.14-0.15 MPa and 120 ℃.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN108685105B true CN108685105B (en) | 2021-04-09 |
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| CN111972215A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-11-24 | 衡阳市长航菌业有限责任公司 | Mushroom culture medium and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104841382A (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-08-19 | 重庆工商大学 | Modified peanut shell adsorbent and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN106431597A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2017-02-22 | 东至县杨套食用菌产销专业合作社 | Mushroom culture medium with shell materials as raw materials |
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| CN107434464A (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2017-12-05 | 李竟儒 | A kind of white fungus compost for making main carbon source with peanut shell peanut straw |
| CN107857655A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-03-30 | 成都易思科科技有限公司 | A kind of pleurotus eryngii culture medium prescription and preparation method |
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2018
- 2018-06-04 CN CN201810563799.3A patent/CN108685105B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104355908A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-02-18 | 刘雄 | Preparation method of mushroom culture medium |
| CN104788194B (en) * | 2015-04-15 | 2017-06-30 | 湖北裕国菇业股份有限公司 | A kind of culture medium for producing mushroom polyoses content mushroom high |
| CN104841382A (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-08-19 | 重庆工商大学 | Modified peanut shell adsorbent and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN105481516A (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2016-04-13 | 黄平县阿仙萝综合开发有限公司 | Pleurotus eryngii fungus sack compost |
| CN107434659A (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2017-12-05 | 罗华 | A kind of champignon compost for making main carbon source with peanut shell peanut straw |
| CN107434464A (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2017-12-05 | 李竟儒 | A kind of white fungus compost for making main carbon source with peanut shell peanut straw |
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