CN108683401A - A kind of building high-efficiency solar-powered photovoltaic power generator - Google Patents

A kind of building high-efficiency solar-powered photovoltaic power generator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108683401A
CN108683401A CN201810556806.7A CN201810556806A CN108683401A CN 108683401 A CN108683401 A CN 108683401A CN 201810556806 A CN201810556806 A CN 201810556806A CN 108683401 A CN108683401 A CN 108683401A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
arc
time
shaped hole
power generator
solar
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Granted
Application number
CN201810556806.7A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN108683401B (en
Inventor
张军利
张格丽
张元敏
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Xuchang University
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Xuchang University
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Priority to CN201810556806.7A priority Critical patent/CN108683401B/en
Publication of CN108683401A publication Critical patent/CN108683401A/en
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Publication of CN108683401B publication Critical patent/CN108683401B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02SGENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/30Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
    • H02S20/32Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment specially adapted for solar tracking
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D3/00Control of position or direction
    • G05D3/10Control of position or direction without using feedback
    • G05D3/105Solar tracker
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/10Photovoltaic [PV]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of building high-efficiency solar-powered photovoltaic power generator, including solar energy photovoltaic panel and spherical support shell, spherical support shell is equipped with arc-shaped hole;It is equipped with arc-shaped rail along arc-shaped hole edge, is set on arc-shaped rail there are three Mobile base, three Mobile bases are fixedly connected with connecting rod, are connected by supporting rod between each Mobile base and solar energy photovoltaic panel mounting base between any two;Connecting rod is fixedly connected with one end of driving lever, and the other end of driving lever is fixedly connected with one end of shaft, the other end of shaft and the output axis connection of stepper motor;Microprocessor and Time of Day module are additionally provided in spherical support shell, the electric machine controller and Time of Day module of stepper motor are connect with microprocessor respectively;Building high-efficiency solar-powered photovoltaic power generator provided by the invention, solar tracking rotation can be carried out in one day while on azimuth and pitch angle can effectively improve photovoltaic efficiency relative to traditional building solar energy photovoltaic generator.

Description

A kind of building high-efficiency solar-powered photovoltaic power generator
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of solar thermal power generation, more particularly to a kind of building high-efficiency solar-powered photovoltaic power generator.
Background technology
Solar energy is utilized increasingly extensive as a kind of novel renewable energy due to its environment friendly feature.The sun There can be " energy density is low, intermittent, spatial distribution changes at any time ", therefore solar utilization technique is proposed more High requirement.When top of building installs solar energy photovoltaic generator, since top of building area is small and load-bearing energy Power is low, therefore, it is difficult to lean on simple increase photovoltaic plate suqare to obtain more electric energy, therefore in the sun of top of building installation Energy photovoltaic power generation apparatus should efficiently be generated electricity using sunlight as far as possible.
For solar energy " intermittent, spatial distribution change at any time " the characteristics of, in terms of solar energy sun-following photovoltaic generation, By it is previous studies have shown that no matter which kind of solar energy equipment, when its solar attachment can always with sunray keep When vertical, so that it may to greatly improve the solar energy utilization ratio of unit area.In recent years, many this respects have been carried out both at home and abroad Research.Such as professor SUMHui of Hong Kong University has studied the relationship between sun angle and energy receptance, as a result, it has been found that:Implement Solar tracking technology, after making sunlight vertical incidence always, solar energy utilization ratio improves 37.7%.It is known that at one day In the middle, angle of the sunlight in fixed angle solar power generation devices can change over time, therefore the sun of unit energy Electric energy caused by energy (i.e. generating efficiency) is also with the time change of daily middle different periods.In sunray vertical irradiation too It is positive can power generating device surface when (such as noon), electric energy caused by the solar energy of unit energy is most strong, and (i.e. generating efficiency is most It is high).And the inclination angle that sunray is irradiated to solar power generation devices surface is bigger, electric energy caused by the solar energy of unit energy Weaker (i.e. generating efficiency is lower, such as morning and dusk), therefore research to solar energy tracking device and development are to improve too The important method of positive energy receiving efficiency.In current existing solar tracking technology, most to the automatic follow-up study of two axis, it can be same When tracking the sun azimuth and pitch angle, making sunlight, vertical irradiation substantially increases too on solar collector always Positive energy utilization rate.However, though two axis tracking effects are good, its system structure is complicated, mechanical wear is big, causes installation cost high, Therefore it needs largely to put into terms of equipment investment, is unfavorable for home-use business promotion.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is overcoming above-mentioned problems of the prior art, it is high to provide a kind of building simple in structure Solar energy photovoltaic generator is imitated, solar tracking rotation can be carried out in one day while on azimuth and pitch angle, relative to biography The building solar energy photovoltaic generator of system, can effectively improve photovoltaic efficiency.
The technical scheme is that:A kind of building high-efficiency solar-powered photovoltaic power generator, including solar energy photovoltaic panel, The solar energy photovoltaic panel is electrically connected with accumulator, and the back side of solar energy photovoltaic panel is equipped with mounting base, further includes spherical support shell, The a quarter that the spherical support shell is intercepted by a spherical shell by horizontal plane and vertical plane by its centre of sphere Spherical shell;The spherical support shell is fixed on top of building, and one side direction of spherical surface is arranged towards south, and the spherical support The spherical surface of shell is cut by an inclined ramp so that cuts an arc-shaped hole, the circle at the arc-shaped hole on spherical support shell The heart is located on the arc-shaped hole;It is equipped with arc-shaped rail along the edge at arc-shaped hole, the arc-shaped rail is equipped with three A Mobile base is fixedly connected with connecting rod, and each Mobile base and peace between any two Mobile base in three Mobile bases It is fixedly connected with a supporting rod between dress seat;In the plane where the arc-shaped hole, the center of circle position at the arc-shaped hole Except the triangle that three connecting rods are constituted;The one end for the triangle and driving lever that three connecting rods are constituted, which is fixed, to be connected It connects, the other end of driving lever is fixedly connected with one end of shaft, and the other end of the shaft is defeated by shaft coupling and stepper motor Shaft axis connection, stepper motor are fixed on motor cabinet;The shaft is perpendicular to the plane where arc-shaped hole and by circle The center of circle at arc hole;The stepper motor is electrically connected with electric machine controller and accumulator respectively, is additionally provided in spherical support shell Microprocessor and Time of Day module, the electric machine controller and Time of Day module connect with microprocessor signals respectively It connects, microprocessor connects accumulator;Daily temporal information is sent to the microprocessor by the Time of Day module in real time, After microprocessor receives the temporal information that the Time of Day module is sent, with setting in daily set period of time Time interval sends motor rotation order to electric machine controller, after electric machine controller receives the motor rotation order every time, It is primary with the rotation of the amount of spin of setting every time to control stepper motor, to make the solar energy in daily set period of time Plate is lied prostrate under the guiding of arc-shaped rail, from towards being gradually moved into the east towards west;The microprocessor is set in daily Reset motor order is sent to electric machine controller at the end of section of fixing time, after electric machine controller receives the reset motor order Control stepper motor rotates backward, make solar energy photovoltaic panel along former mobile route opposite direction from towards west be moved to towards In the east and enter standby mode, until the standby set period of time to second day starts.
The middle part of above-mentioned shaft also by bearing bracket stand be set to support base on, shaft specifically pass through bearing inner race and in bearing Circle is fixedly connected, and bearing outer ring is mutually fixed with bearing block set on support base.
Above-mentioned driving lever and the tie point of shaft are located on the center of circle at arc-shaped hole.
The angle of plane and horizontal plane where above-mentioned arc-shaped hole is 30 ° -60 °.
The left end of above-mentioned spherical support shell is closed by vertical plate face, and vertical plate face is equipped with access door.
Above-mentioned accumulator is set in spherical support shell, and accumulator is also electrically connected with the electricity system in building.
Above-mentioned daily set period of time is 8 points of every morning to 6 pm;The time interval set is 15- 20 minutes;The microprocessor is MSP430 microcontrollers.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:Building high-efficiency solar-powered photovoltaic power generator provided by the invention, can be at one day In simultaneously on azimuth and pitch angle carry out solar tracking rotation, relative to traditional building solar energy photovoltaic generator, energy Enough effectively improve photovoltaic efficiency.The whole device of the present invention is simple in structure, and low cost is suitable for building on a large scale It is promoted the use of at the top of object.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 be the present invention arc-shaped hole when facing, arc-shaped rail, connecting rod, driving lever and Mobile base it Between attachment structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 be the present invention spherical support shell when being faced towards its spherical surface, arc-shaped hole is on spherical support shell Position view.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, it is to be understood that of the invention Protection domain be not restricted by specific implementation.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, an embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of building high-efficiency solar-powered photovoltaic power generator, Including solar energy photovoltaic panel 8, the solar energy photovoltaic panel 8 is electrically connected with accumulator, and the back side of solar energy photovoltaic panel 8 is equipped with installation Seat 9, further include spherical support shell 1, the spherical support shell 1 be a spherical shell by by its centre of sphere horizontal plane and hang down The a quarter spherical shell that straight plane is intercepted;The spherical support shell 1 is fixed on top of building, one side direction of spherical surface It is arranged towards south, and the spherical surface of the spherical support shell 1 is cut by an inclined ramp so that cut a circle on spherical support shell 1 The center of circle at arc hole 2, the arc-shaped hole 2 is located on the arc-shaped hole 2;Edge along arc-shaped hole 2 is equipped with circular arc Shape track 3 is set on the arc-shaped rail 3 there are three Mobile base 4, between any two Mobile base 4 in three Mobile bases 4 It is fixedly connected with connecting rod 6, and is each fixedly connected with a supporting rod 5 between Mobile base 4 and mounting base 9;Whenever, it is described too Positive plane that can be where photovoltaic panel 8 is tangent namely solar energy photovoltaic panel 8 exists with the spherical surface of the spherical support shell 1 after translation Along arc-shaped hole 2 when circumferentially rotating to any position, where plane it is arc-shaped with below after translation The spherical surface of the spherical support shell 1 of 2 outer edge of hole is tangent;It is described arc-shaped in the plane where the arc-shaped hole 2 The center of circle at hole 2 is located at except the triangle that three connecting rods 6 are constituted;Triangle that three connecting rods 6 are constituted with One end of driving lever 7 is fixedly connected, and the other end of driving lever 7 is fixedly connected with one end of shaft 10, and the other end of the shaft 10 is logical The output shaft axis connection of shaft coupling and stepper motor 12 is crossed, stepper motor 12 is fixed on motor cabinet 13;The shaft 10 is vertical In the plane where arc-shaped hole 2 and by the center of circle at arc-shaped hole 2;The stepper motor 12 respectively with electric machine controller Be electrically connected with accumulator, be additionally provided with microprocessor and Time of Day module in spherical support shell 1, the electric machine controller and Time of Day module is connect with microprocessor signals respectively, and microprocessor connects accumulator;The Time of Day module will be daily Temporal information be sent to the microprocessor in real time, microprocessor receives the time letter that the Time of Day module is sent After breath, motor rotation order, motor control are sent to electric machine controller at set time intervals in daily set period of time After device processed receives the motor rotation order every time, control stepper motor 12 is primary with the rotation of the amount of spin of setting every time, from And make the solar energy photovoltaic panel 8 under the guiding of arc-shaped rail 3 in daily set period of time, from towards gradual in the east It is moved to towards west;The microprocessor sends reset motor life at the end of daily set period of time to electric machine controller It enables, control stepper motor 12 rotates backward after electric machine controller receives the reset motor order, makes 8 edge of solar energy photovoltaic panel The opposite direction of former mobile route towards west from being moved to towards east and entering standby mode, up to standby to second day Until set period of time starts.
Further, the middle part of the shaft 10 is also set to by bearing bracket stand on support base 11, and shaft 10 specifically passes through axis It holds inner ring and is fixedly connected with bearing inner race, bearing outer ring is mutually fixed with bearing block set on support base 11.
Further, the driving lever 7 and the tie point of shaft 10 are located on the center of circle at arc-shaped hole 2.
Further, the angle of the plane where the arc-shaped hole 2 and horizontal plane is 30 ° -60 °.
Further, the left end of the spherical support shell 1 is closed by vertical plate face, and vertical plate face is equipped with out Introduction.
Further, the accumulator is set in spherical support shell 1, and accumulator is also electric with the electricity system in building Connection.
Further, the daily set period of time is 8 points of every morning to 6 pm;The setting when Between between be divided into 15-20 minutes;The microprocessor is MSP430 microcontrollers.
The operation principle of the present invention:In apparatus of the present invention, side when can be first by photovoltaic plate face towards east Parallactic angle is set as initial orientation angle, and daily temporal information is sent to microprocessor, microprocessor by Time of Day module in real time After receiving the temporal information that Time of Day module is sent, (set period of time can be set in daily set period of time It is set to daytime period, for example 30 minutes at 7 points in afternoons is assigned to from the morning 7: 30 on daytime), at set time intervals (between the time Every can be set to 10-20 minutes) to electric machine controller motor rotation order is sent, electric machine controller receives motor and turns every time After dynamic order, with the rotation of the amount of spin of setting, once (amount of spin of the setting is specifically set to the sun to control stepper motor every time Can photovoltaic panel the entire stepper motor amount of spin divided by set corresponding to the entire amount of movement section in west is gradually moved into from east Time interval number, the as amount of spin of the setting of stepper motor) so that make solar energy in daily set period of time Volt plate is from towards being gradually moved into the east towards west, and in the moving process, since the plane where arc-shaped rail is Spherical support shell is tilted into interception, therefore, there are certain angles between arc-shaped rail and horizontal plane, then in solar energy Volt plate along arc-shaped rail move during its pitch angle also can gradually change, on pitch angle also approximately into Row solar tracking campaign.Therefore in the daily motion process of solar panel, the azimuth with sun rotation and pitch angle energy Enough realize substantially is coincide, to achieve the purpose that simple solar tracking;When microprocessor is at the end of daily set period of time, to electricity Machine controller sends reset motor order, and control stepper motor rotates backward after electric machine controller receives reset motor order, Make solar energy photovoltaic panel along the opposite direction of former mobile route from being moved to towards east towards west and entering standby mode, directly Above-mentioned movement is continued cycling through until starting to the standby set period of time to second day.Therefore, building provided by the invention is high Solar energy photovoltaic generator is imitated, easy solar tracking rotation, phase can be carried out in one day while on azimuth and pitch angle For traditional building solar energy photovoltaic generator, photovoltaic efficiency can be effectively improved.The entire dress of the present invention Simple in structure, low cost is set, is suitable for being promoted the use of in top of building on a large scale.
Disclosed above is only several specific embodiments of the present invention, and still, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this, is appointed What what those skilled in the art can think variation should all fall into protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of building high-efficiency solar-powered photovoltaic power generator, including solar energy photovoltaic panel (8), the solar energy photovoltaic panel (8) it is electrically connected with accumulator, the back side of solar energy photovoltaic panel (8) is equipped with mounting base (9), which is characterized in that further includes spherical surface branch Shell (1) is supportted, the spherical support shell (1) is intercepted by a spherical shell by the horizontal plane and vertical plane of its centre of sphere A quarter spherical shell;The spherical support shell (1) is fixed on top of building, and one side direction of spherical surface is arranged towards south, And the spherical surface of the spherical support shell (1) is cut by an inclined ramp so that cuts an arc-shaped hole on spherical support shell (1) Mouth (2), the center of circle of the arc-shaped hole (2) is located on the arc-shaped hole (2);Edge along arc-shaped hole (2) is equipped with circle Arc track (3) is set on the arc-shaped rail (3) there are three Mobile base (4), any two in three Mobile bases (4) It is fixedly connected with connecting rod (6) between Mobile base (4), and is each fixedly connected with a support between Mobile base (4) and mounting base (9) Bar (5);In the plane where the arc-shaped hole (2), the center of circle of the arc-shaped hole (2) is located at three connecting rods (6) except the triangle constituted;The triangle that three connecting rods (6) are constituted is fixedly connected with one end of driving lever (7), The other end of driving lever (7) is fixedly connected with one end of shaft (10), and the other end of the shaft (10) passes through shaft coupling and stepping The output shaft axis connection of motor (12), stepper motor (12) are fixed on motor cabinet (13);The shaft (10) is perpendicular to circular arc Plane where shape hole (2) and the center of circle by arc-shaped hole (2);
The stepper motor (12) is electrically connected with electric machine controller and accumulator respectively, and micro- place is additionally provided in spherical support shell (1) Device and Time of Day module are managed, the electric machine controller and Time of Day module are connect with microprocessor signals respectively, micro- Processor connects accumulator;Daily temporal information is sent to the microprocessor, micro- place by the Time of Day module in real time After reason device receives the temporal information that the Time of Day module is sent, with the time of setting in daily set period of time It is spaced to electric machine controller and sends motor rotation order, after electric machine controller receives the motor rotation order every time, control Stepper motor (12) is primary with the rotation of the amount of spin of setting every time, to make the solar energy in daily set period of time Plate (8) is lied prostrate under the guiding of arc-shaped rail (3), from towards being gradually moved into the east towards west;The microprocessor is every Reset motor order is sent to electric machine controller at the end of it set period of time, electric machine controller receives the reset motor After order control stepper motor (12) rotate backward, make solar energy photovoltaic panel (8) along former mobile route opposite direction from towards West is moved to towards east and enters standby mode, until the standby set period of time to second day starts.
2. a kind of building high-efficiency solar-powered photovoltaic power generator as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the shaft (10) middle part is also set to by bearing bracket stand on support base (11), and shaft (10) specifically passes through bearing inner race and consolidates with bearing inner race Fixed connection, bearing outer ring are mutually fixed with bearing block set on support base (11).
3. a kind of building high-efficiency solar-powered photovoltaic power generator as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the driving lever (7) it is located on the center of circle at arc-shaped hole (2) with the tie point of shaft (10).
4. a kind of building high-efficiency solar-powered photovoltaic power generator as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described arc-shaped The angle of plane and horizontal plane where hole (2) is 30 ° -60 °.
5. a kind of building high-efficiency solar-powered photovoltaic power generator as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the spherical surface branch The left end of support shell (1) is closed by vertical plate face, and vertical plate face is equipped with access door.
6. a kind of building high-efficiency solar-powered photovoltaic power generator as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the accumulator In spherical support shell (1), and accumulator is also electrically connected with the electricity system in building.
7. a kind of building high-efficiency solar-powered photovoltaic power generator as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described is daily Set period of time be 8 points of every morning to 6 pm;The time interval set is 15-20 minute;The microprocessor Device is MSP430 microcontrollers.
CN201810556806.7A 2018-06-01 2018-06-01 A kind of building high-efficiency solar-powered photovoltaic power generator Expired - Fee Related CN108683401B (en)

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CN201810556806.7A CN108683401B (en) 2018-06-01 2018-06-01 A kind of building high-efficiency solar-powered photovoltaic power generator

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CN108683401B CN108683401B (en) 2019-05-24

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011151335A (en) * 2010-01-19 2011-08-04 ▲崎▼谷 修 Apparatus for tracking the sun
CN104393827A (en) * 2014-10-13 2015-03-04 南通大学 Tracking method of solar power generating apparatus
CN107450598A (en) * 2017-05-18 2017-12-08 北京大学深圳研究生院 A kind of one side level crossing daylight tracing system
CN107769714A (en) * 2017-11-27 2018-03-06 花泽燕 A kind of solar energy photovoltaic generator
CN107919844A (en) * 2017-12-26 2018-04-17 台州风达机器人科技有限公司 It is a kind of outdoor from motion tracking dedusting photovoltaic power generation apparatus

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011151335A (en) * 2010-01-19 2011-08-04 ▲崎▼谷 修 Apparatus for tracking the sun
CN104393827A (en) * 2014-10-13 2015-03-04 南通大学 Tracking method of solar power generating apparatus
CN107450598A (en) * 2017-05-18 2017-12-08 北京大学深圳研究生院 A kind of one side level crossing daylight tracing system
CN107769714A (en) * 2017-11-27 2018-03-06 花泽燕 A kind of solar energy photovoltaic generator
CN107919844A (en) * 2017-12-26 2018-04-17 台州风达机器人科技有限公司 It is a kind of outdoor from motion tracking dedusting photovoltaic power generation apparatus

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