CN108677042B - The melting of high temperature alloy and molding machine - Google Patents
The melting of high temperature alloy and molding machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN108677042B CN108677042B CN201810529150.XA CN201810529150A CN108677042B CN 108677042 B CN108677042 B CN 108677042B CN 201810529150 A CN201810529150 A CN 201810529150A CN 108677042 B CN108677042 B CN 108677042B
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- water jacketed
- jacketed copper
- copper crucible
- electrode
- melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D13/00—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force
- B22D13/06—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force of solid or hollow bodies in moulds rotating around an axis arranged outside the mould
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D13/00—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force
- B22D13/10—Accessories for centrifugal casting apparatus, e.g. moulds, linings therefor, means for feeding molten metal, cleansing moulds, removing castings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/02—Use of electric or magnetic effects
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of melting of high temperature alloy and molding machines.The molding machine is equipped with multiple water jacketed copper crucibles and plasma melting electrode, melting, which starts rear water jacketed copper crucible and its melt of inside, may be constructed conducting ring and is powered, water jacketed copper crucible does centrifugal movement, under the action of centrifugal force and its Lorentz force, melt is in mechanical balance state, mainly carries out melting to alloy at this time.After melting, the electric current in water jacketed copper crucible ring changes direction, and accelerates to the centrifugal movement of water jacketed copper crucible ring, so that melt is filled in casting mold by outside force action and realizes Fast Cooling.The melting and Rapid Prototyping Process of high temperature alloy with high activity are completed in conjunction with Lorentz force and centrifugal force by multistation plasma-arc melting, there is the features such as smelting temperature is high, and smelting efficiency is high, and precision high temperature alloy with high activity casting quality is excellent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation facilities technical field of new material more particularly to a kind of melting of high temperature alloy and it is accurate at
Type device.
Background technique
Using nickel, titanium, niobium, tungsten, cobalt as the metal alloy compositions of base, due to its can in 600 DEG C or more of temperature long-term work,
Referred to as high temperature alloy.High temperature alloy has excellent high temperature strength；Good anti-oxidant, corrosion and heat resistant, anti-fatigue performance are high
The comprehensive performances such as fracture toughness, be widely used in the fields such as aerospace, medicine, petroleum, chemical industry, the energy, national defence.
Cast superalloy is a kind of important high temperature alloy forming method, can prepare complicated high temperature alloy part,
Such as engine associated component.This kind of usual fusing point of material is high, therefore melting is difficult, and production efficiency is low.In addition, due to casting
Temperature is high, easily reacts with mold material in cast molding, such as the very high high-temperature titanium alloy of specific strength, but its almost with
All mold material reactions, thus the mouldability of high temperature alloy with high activity is very poor, the difficulty of hot investment casting is just bigger, seriously
Affect the application of high temperature alloy with high activity.
Summary of the invention
High the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to how provide a kind of smelting temperature, smelting efficiency is high, and precision is high
High temperature alloy melting and molding machine.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution used in the present invention is: the melting and molding of a kind of high temperature alloy
Device, it is characterised in that: including container-like water jacketed copper crucible matrix, be provided with along the inner wall of the water jacketed copper crucible matrix
Several water jacketed copper crucibles, and the water jacketed copper crucible is at sustained height, and along the circle of the water jacketed copper crucible matrix inner wall
Week setting, is provided with and the one-to-one casting mould of the water jacketed copper crucible, the water outside the water jacketed copper crucible matrix
It is connected between cold copper crucible and the casting mould by sprue, one end of electrode rotary shaft is located at the water-cooled copper earthenware
The outside of crucible matrix is connect with the power output end of centrifuge, and the other end of electrode rotary shaft is located at the water jacketed copper crucible base
In vivo, and with one end of main electrode it connect, the outside of the main electrode is located at the one-to-one smelting electrode of water jacketed copper crucible
On wall, and gap is maintained between the end and water jacketed copper crucible of smelting electrode, which constitutes the discharge space of smelting electrode,
Plasma-arc, the water jacketed copper crucible base are formed between water jacketed copper crucible and smelting electrode after the smelting electrode is powered
The rotation support of water jacketed copper crucible matrix is provided on the downside of body, the rotation support of water jacketed copper crucible matrix passes through insulated connecting piece and institute
Electrode rotary axis connection is stated, magnetic field generation device, the magnetic field generation device are provided on the outside of the water jacketed copper crucible matrix
For applying mechanical periodicity magnetic field into water jacketed copper crucible matrix；
Multiple smelting electrodes and multiple water jacketed copper crucibles do centrifugal movement simultaneously under the action of centrifuge during melting, together
When in water jacketed copper crucible matrix by magnetic field generation device apply variation magnetic field, melt is in centrifugal force, crucible supporting power, long-range navigation
Hereby mechanical balance state is under the action of power and surface tension；After melting, accelerate the centrifugal movement of electrode rotary shaft, together
When by control magnetic field generation device change changes of magnetic field, make magnetic field generate Lorentz force and centrifugal force it is in the same direction so that melt
Accelerate quickly to be filling into casting mould by sprue, realizes hot investment casting molding.
A further technical solution lies in: described device further includes insulating supporting, and the insulating supporting is located at the melting
The junction of electrode and main electrode is separated the end between smelting electrode and smelting electrode by the insulating supporting, melting
Electrode can be swung up and down in the slot in insulating supporting, under the action of the centrifugal force between adjustment and high temperature high activity metal alloy material
Distance.
A further technical solution lies in: the inside between the water jacketed copper crucible and water jacketed copper crucible matrix has sky
Chamber, the cavity form cyclic water channel.
A further technical solution lies in: the electrode rotary shaft is main electrode power supply, the main electricity by brush
Pole is the smelting electrode power supply again, is discharged by smelting electrode and carries out the melting of high temperature alloy.
A further technical solution lies in: the casting mould is connected to the water-cooled copper earthenware by casting mould connector
On the outer wall of crucible matrix, the casting mould connector is made using friable materials such as graphite or quartz, after casting and forming,
When the alloy that there is remaining solidification in sprue can not demould, casting mould connector can be broken, will be residual by cutting
The remaining alloy cutting in sprue, takes out molding part.
The beneficial effects of adopting the technical scheme are that described device after melting starts water jacketed copper crucible and
Its internal melt may be constructed conducting ring and be powered, and water jacketed copper crucible does centrifugal movement, in centrifugal force and its Lorentz force
Under effect, melt is in mechanical balance state, mainly carries out melting to alloy at this time.After melting, water jacketed copper crucible ring
Interior electric current changes direction, and accelerates to the centrifugal movement of water jacketed copper crucible ring so that melt by outside force action and
It is filled in casting mold and realizes Fast Cooling.It is living to complete high temperature height in conjunction with Lorentz force and centrifugal force by more plasma-arc meltings
Property alloy melting and Rapid Prototyping Process, have smelting temperature high, smelting efficiency is high, precision high temperature alloy with high activity casting matter
Measure the features such as excellent.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is the overlooking structure diagram after water jacketed copper crucible matrix is splitted in molding machine described in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the side structure schematic view after water jacketed copper crucible matrix is splitted in molding machine described in the embodiment of the present invention
(and will be after the removal of the end cap of the water jacketed copper crucible matrix)；
Fig. 3 is the variation schematic diagram in melting magnetic field in described device of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the variation schematic diagram that type magnetic field is filled in described device of the embodiment of the present invention；
Wherein: 1: water jacketed copper crucible；2: smelting electrode；3: water jacketed copper crucible matrix；4: casting mould；5: sprue；6:
Casting mould connector；7: melt；8: main electrode；9: insulating supporting；10: cyclic water channel；11: plasma-arc；12: electrode rotation
Shaft；13: the rotation support of water jacketed copper crucible matrix；14: insulation connection.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Ground description, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention can be with
Implemented using other than the one described here other way, those skilled in the art can be without prejudice to intension of the present invention
In the case of do similar popularization, therefore the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
As Figure 1-Figure 2, the embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of melting of high temperature alloy and molding machines, including container
The water jacketed copper crucible matrix 3 of shape is provided with several water jacketed copper crucibles 1, and institute along the inner wall of the water jacketed copper crucible matrix 3
Water jacketed copper crucible is stated at sustained height, and is arranged along the circumference of 3 inner wall of water jacketed copper crucible matrix.In the water-cooled copper earthenware
It is provided with outside crucible matrix 3 and the one-to-one casting mould 4 of the water jacketed copper crucible 1, the water jacketed copper crucible 1 and the casting
It is connected between mold 4 by sprue 5.As shown in Fig. 2, one end of electrode rotary shaft 12 is located at the water jacketed copper crucible base
The outside of body is connect with the power output end of centrifuge, and the other end of electrode rotary shaft 12 is located at the water jacketed copper crucible matrix
It is interior, and connect with one end of main electrode 8.It is located at the outer of the main electrode 8 with the one-to-one smelting electrode 2 of water jacketed copper crucible 1
On side wall, and gap is maintained between the end of smelting electrode 2 and water jacketed copper crucible 1, which constitutes the electric discharge of smelting electrode 2
Space forms plasma-arc 11 after the smelting electrode 2 is powered between water jacketed copper crucible 1 and smelting electrode 2.Such as Fig. 2
Shown, the downside of the water jacketed copper crucible matrix 3 is provided with water jacketed copper crucible matrix rotation support 13, the rotation of water jacketed copper crucible matrix
Turn support 13 to connect by insulated connecting piece 14 with the electrode rotary shaft 12.The outside of the water jacketed copper crucible matrix 3 is arranged
There is magnetic field generation device, the magnetic field generation device is used to apply mechanical periodicity magnetic field into water jacketed copper crucible matrix 3.
Multiple smelting electrodes 2 and multiple water jacketed copper crucibles 1 do centrifugal movement simultaneously under the action of centrifuge during melting,
Apply variation magnetic field by magnetic field generation device in water jacketed copper crucible matrix 3 simultaneously (as shown in figure 3, abscissa is the time, to indulge
Coordinate is magnetic field strength), melt 7 is flat in mechanics under the action of centrifugal force, crucible supporting power, Lorentz force and surface tension
Weighing apparatus state；After melting, accelerate the centrifugal movement of electrode rotary shaft 12, while magnetic field is changed by control magnetic field generation device
Variation (as shown in figure 4, abscissa is the time, ordinate is magnetic field strength), the Lorentz force and centrifugal force for generating magnetic field are same
To, so that melt accelerates quickly to be filling into casting mould 4 by sprue 5, realization hot investment casting molding.
Further, as shown in Figure 1, described device further includes insulating supporting 9, the insulating supporting 9 is located at the melting
The junction of electrode 2 and main electrode 8 is separated the end between smelting electrode 2 and smelting electrode 2 by the insulating supporting 9,
Prevent smelting electrode interpolar discharge.Smelting electrode can be swung up and down in the slot in insulating supporting, be adjusted under the action of the centrifugal force
The distance between high temperature high activity metal alloy material.
Further, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the inside tool between the water jacketed copper crucible 1 and water jacketed copper crucible matrix 3
There is cavity, the cavity forms cyclic water channel 10, is the water jacketed copper crucible 1 cooling by cyclic water channel 10.
Preferably, the electrode rotary shaft 12 is the main electrode 8 power supply by brush, and the main electrode 8 is described again
Smelting electrode 2 is powered, and is discharged by smelting electrode 2 and is carried out the melting of high temperature alloy.Electrode rotary shaft 12, water jacketed copper crucible matrix
Rotation support 13 and insulated connecting piece 14 do centrifugal movement together, guarantee that plasma-arc 11 is in the shape of melting melt 7 always
State improves the efficiency of melting.
Further, the casting mould 4 is connected to the outer of the water jacketed copper crucible matrix by casting mould connector 6
On wall, the casting mould connector 6 is made using friable materials such as graphite or quartz, after casting and forming, when sprue 5
The middle alloy that there is remaining solidification and when can not demould, casting mould connector 6 can be broken, and will be remained in by cutting and directly be poured
Alloy cutting in road 5, takes out molding part.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a kind of melting of high temperature alloy and forming method, the method uses above-mentioned molding
Device includes the following steps:
Each 2 removing surface of smelting electrode is clean, guarantee that water-cooled copper earthenware for circle, is opened in each 2 head of smelting electrode
Several smelting electrodes 2 are assembled in main electrode 8 by crucible matrix 3, on the smelting electrode 2 and 3 inner wall of water jacketed copper crucible matrix
Water jacketed copper crucible 1 correspond, between the head and water jacketed copper crucible 1 of smelting electrode 2 have a certain distance, this is apart from structure
At melting arcing distance, casting mould 4 is installed to the outside of the water jacketed copper crucible matrix, casting mould 4 and the water cooling
Copper crucible 1 corresponds, and is connected between casting mould 4 and water jacketed copper crucible 1 by sprue 5；
High temperature high activity metal alloy material is placed in each water jacketed copper crucible 1, while opening and being located at the water-cooled copper
Magnetic field generation device outside crucible base makes its work, and the magnetic field of generation is applied in the water jacketed copper crucible matrix, magnetic is made
Intensity constantly enhance (enhancing periodic magnetic field), guarantee high temperature high activity metal alloy material can be under the action of Lorentz force
Stabilization is placed in water jacketed copper crucible 1, and guarantees that high temperature high activity metal alloy material not touch smelting electrode 2；
Starting is located at the centrifuge outside the water jacketed copper crucible matrix, the power output end and electrode rotary shaft 12 of centrifuge
Connection, one end of electrode rotary shaft 12 are connect with the intracorporal main electrode 8 of the water jacketed copper crucible base, and centrifuge passes through the electrode
Rotary shaft 12 drives the main electrode 8 and the water jacketed copper crucible matrix to rotate, and makes main electrode 8 and the water jacketed copper crucible
Matrix does centrifugal movement, and the angular speed of centrifugal movement is so that the center of high temperature high activity metal alloy material is in sprue 5
Position vacuumizes the water jacketed copper crucible matrix, and is filled with inert gas；
Operating voltage is transferred to main electrode 8 by the electrode rotary shaft 12, main electrode 8 is the smelting electrode 2 again
Power supply, the size by adjusting centrifugation angular speed adjust the distance between smelting electrode 2 and high temperature high activity metal alloy material,
Striking distance and striking are reached, multiple smelting electrodes 2 is made to work, the electric discharge of smelting electrode 2 generates plasma-arc 11, passes through
11 melting melt 7 of plasma-arc, it is uniform to alloy melt melting, after reaching cast temperature, accelerate turning for electrode rotary shaft 12
Speed, while controlling the Lorentz force that the magnetic field generation device generates magnetic field and (weakening periodic magnetic field) in the same direction with centrifugal force, make
It obtains 7 high speed impact of melt to be filling into casting mould 4, prepares high strength alloy material, since the Quench of casting mould 4 is made
With melt is rapidly solidificated into type；
It is powered off to smelting electrode 2, stops the movement of electrode rotary shaft 12, it after cooling will be molding in casting mould 4
Part takes out.
When the alloy that there is remaining solidification in sprue 5 causes casting mould 4 that can not demould, broken casting mold connects
Fitting 6 will remain in the alloy solidified in sprue 5 cutting by cutting, and take out molding part.
The method and device are completed high temperature height and lived by more plasma-arc meltings in conjunction with Lorentz force and centrifugal force
Property alloy melting and Rapid Prototyping Process, have smelting temperature high, smelting efficiency is high, precision high temperature alloy with high activity casting matter
Measure the features such as excellent.
Claims (5)
1. melting and the molding machine of a kind of high temperature alloy, it is characterised in that: including container-like water jacketed copper crucible matrix (3),
Several water jacketed copper crucibles (1), and the water jacketed copper crucible (1) are provided with along the inner wall of the water jacketed copper crucible matrix (3)
It is arranged at sustained height, and along the circumference of water jacketed copper crucible matrix (3) inner wall, in the water jacketed copper crucible matrix (3)
It is provided with outside and the one-to-one casting mould (4) of the water jacketed copper crucible (1), the water jacketed copper crucible (1) and the casting
It is connected between mold (4) by sprue (5), one end of electrode rotary shaft (12) is located at the water jacketed copper crucible matrix
(3) outside is connect with the power output end of centrifuge, and the other end of electrode rotary shaft (12) is located at the water jacketed copper crucible base
It in body (3), and connect, is located at the one-to-one smelting electrode (2) of water jacketed copper crucible (1) described with one end of main electrode (8)
On the lateral wall of main electrode (8), and gap is maintained between the end of smelting electrode (2) and water jacketed copper crucible (1), the gap structure
At the discharge space of smelting electrode (2), after the smelting electrode (2) are powered water jacketed copper crucible (1) and smelting electrode (2) it
Between form plasma-arc (11), the rotation support of water jacketed copper crucible matrix is provided on the downside of the water jacketed copper crucible matrix (3)
(13), water jacketed copper crucible matrix rotation support (13) is connect by insulated connecting piece (14) with the electrode rotary shaft (12), institute
It states and is provided with magnetic field generation device on the outside of water jacketed copper crucible matrix (3), the magnetic field generation device is used for water jacketed copper crucible
Apply mechanical periodicity magnetic field in matrix (3)；
Centrifugal movement is done simultaneously in multiple smelting electrodes (2) and multiple water jacketed copper crucibles (1) under the action of centrifuge during melting,
Variation magnetic field is applied by magnetic field generation device in water jacketed copper crucible matrix (3) simultaneously, melt (7) is in centrifugal force, crucible branch
Mechanical balance state is under the action of support force, Lorentz force and surface tension；After melting, accelerate electrode rotary shaft (12)
Centrifugal movement, while by control magnetic field generation device change changes of magnetic field, make magnetic field generate Lorentz force and centrifugal force
In the same direction, so that melt accelerates quickly to be filling into casting mould (4) by sprue (5), hot investment casting molding is realized.
2. melting and the molding machine of high temperature alloy as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described device further includes insulation
It supports (9), the insulating supporting (9) is located at the junction of the smelting electrode (2) and main electrode (8), passes through insulation branch
Support (9) separates the end between smelting electrode (2) and smelting electrode (2), and smelting electrode (2) can be in insulating supporting (9)
It is swung up and down in slot, under the action of the centrifugal force the distance between adjustment and high temperature high activity metal alloy material.
3. melting and the molding machine of high temperature alloy as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the water jacketed copper crucible (1)
Inside between water jacketed copper crucible matrix (3) has cavity, and the cavity forms cyclic water channel (10).
4. melting and the molding machine of high temperature alloy as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the electrode rotary shaft (12)
It is the main electrode (8) power supply by brush, the main electrode (8) is powered again for the smelting electrode (2), and smelting electrode is passed through
(2) electric discharge carries out the melting of high temperature alloy.
5. melting and the molding machine of high temperature alloy as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the casting mould (4) is logical
It crosses casting mould connector (6) to be connected on the outer wall of the water jacketed copper crucible matrix (3), the casting mould connector (6)
Using graphite or quartz material, after casting and forming, when the alloy that there is remaining solidification in sprue (5) can not take off
When mould, casting mould connector (6) can be broken, and cut off by cutting the alloy that will be remained in sprue (5), take out molding
Part.
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| CN201810529150.XA CN108677042B (en) | 2018-05-26 | 2018-05-26 | The melting of high temperature alloy and molding machine |
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| CN201810529150.XA CN108677042B (en) | 2018-05-26 | 2018-05-26 | The melting of high temperature alloy and molding machine |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108866346A (en) * | 2018-07-30 | 2018-11-23 | 孟静 | Part of automobile engine preparation method |
| CN114671599B (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-11-22 | 锦州佑鑫石英科技有限公司 | Preparation method of quartz crucible for large-outer-diameter Czochralski single crystal pulling |
| CN114875479B (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2024-02-27 | 西安奕斯伟材料科技股份有限公司 | Heater assembly and single crystal furnace |
| CN115612873B (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2023-10-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Equipment and method for preparing high-temperature alloy by combining high-temperature heat treatment and arc melting |
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| CN2706730Y (en) * | 2004-06-16 | 2005-06-29 | 锦州电炉有限责任公司 | Three-chamber semi-continuous vacuum induction fine grain furnace |
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| CN108677042A (en) | 2018-10-19 |
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