CN108866346A - Part of automobile engine preparation method - Google Patents

Part of automobile engine preparation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108866346A
CN108866346A CN201810851635.0A CN201810851635A CN108866346A CN 108866346 A CN108866346 A CN 108866346A CN 201810851635 A CN201810851635 A CN 201810851635A CN 108866346 A CN108866346 A CN 108866346A
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China
Prior art keywords
electrode
smelting
high temperature
melting
copper crucible
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CN201810851635.0A
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Chinese (zh)
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孟静
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
    • C22B9/16Remelting metals
    • C22B9/20Arc remelting
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D13/00Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force
    • B22D13/08Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force in which a stationary mould is fed from a rotating mass of liquid metal
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/023Alloys based on nickel
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C19/00Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • C22C19/05Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
    • C22C19/051Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
    • C22C19/055Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 20% but less than 30%
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/10Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of part of automobile engine preparation methods, are related to technical field of automobile parts.The preparation method uses high temperature alloy melting and molding machine, second conveyer and tempering furnace, the melting and molding machine are used to carry out melting with high temperature composite material to part of automobile engine preparation and the composite material after fusing are cast engine component by casting mould thereon, second conveyer is handled for sending the engine component cooled down to the tempering furnace, and the tempering furnace is used to carry out tempering to the engine component that second conveyer transmission comes;The high temperature alloy melting and molding machine pass through the melting of multistation plasma-arc and complete the melting and Rapid Prototyping Process of high temperature alloy in conjunction with Lorentz force and centrifugal force, with smelting temperature height, the features such as smelting efficiency is high, and precision is high, and temperature alloy casting quality is excellent.

Description

Part of automobile engine preparation method
Technical field
The present invention relates to auto parts and components processing technique field more particularly to a kind of part of automobile engine preparation sides Method.
Background technique
Using nickel, titanium, niobium, tungsten, cobalt as the metal alloy compositions of base, due to its can in 600 DEG C or more of temperature long-term work, Referred to as high temperature alloy.High temperature alloy has excellent high temperature strength;Good anti-oxidant, corrosion and heat resistant, anti-fatigue performance are high The comprehensive performances such as fracture toughness, be widely used in the fields such as aerospace, medicine, petroleum, chemical industry, the energy, national defence, automobile.
Cast superalloy is a kind of important high temperature alloy forming method, can prepare complicated high temperature alloy part, Such as engine associated component.This kind of usual fusing point of material is high, therefore melting is difficult, and production efficiency is low.In addition, due to casting Temperature is high, easily reacts with mold material in cast molding, such as the very high high-temperature titanium alloy of specific strength, but its almost with All mold material reactions, thus the mouldability of high temperature alloy is very poor, the difficulty of hot investment casting is just bigger, seriously affects The application of high temperature alloy.
Summary of the invention
High the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to how provide a kind of smelting temperature, smelting efficiency is high, and precision is high Part of automobile engine preparation method.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:A kind of part of automobile engine preparation Method, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
1)The method of smelting of the melting of high temperature alloy, the high temperature alloy is as follows:
Each smelting electrode removing surface is clean, guarantee that water jacketed copper crucible matrix for circle, is opened in each smelting electrode head, Several smelting electrodes are assembled on total electrode, the water jacketed copper crucible on the smelting electrode and water jacketed copper crucible matrix inner wall It corresponds, there is a certain distance between the head and water jacketed copper crucible of smelting electrode, which constitutes melting arcing distance, Casting mould is installed to the outside of described matrix, casting mould and the water jacketed copper crucible correspond, casting mould and water It is connected between cold copper crucible by sprue;
High temperature composite material is placed in each water jacketed copper crucible, while opening the magnetic field being located at outside described matrix and generating Device makes its work, and the magnetic field of generation is applied in described matrix, enhances the intensity in magnetic field constantly(Enhance period magnetic ?), guarantee that high temperature composite material can be stablized under the action of Lorentz force and be placed in water jacketed copper crucible, and guarantee height Warm composite material not touch smelting electrode;
Starting is located at the centrifuge outside described matrix, the power output end and electrode rotary axis connection of centrifuge, electrode rotary shaft One end and described matrix in main electrode connection, centrifuge passes through the electric machine rotational axis driving main electrode and described Matrix rotation, makes main electrode and described matrix do centrifugal movement, the angular speed of centrifugal movement is so that high temperature composition metal material The center of material is in the position of sprue, vacuumizes to described matrix, and be filled with inert gas;
Operating voltage is transferred to main electrode by the electrode rotary shaft, main electrode is the smelting electrode power supply again, is made more A smelting electrode work, smelting electrode electric discharge generate plasma-arc, molten to alloy melt by plasma-arc melting melt Refining uniformly, after reaching cast temperature, accelerates the revolving speed of electrode rotary shaft, while controlling the magnetic field generation device generates magnetic field Lorentz force and centrifugal force it is in the same direction(Weaken periodic magnetic field), so that melt high speed impact is filling into casting mould, preparation High strength alloy material, due to the chilling action of casting mould, melt is rapidly solidificated into type;
It is powered off to smelting electrode, stops the movement of electrode rotary shaft, after cooling zero, the molding engine in casting mould Part takes out;
2)Engine component after molding is transmitted to by annealing furnace by second conveyer;
3)Engine component is sent in annealing furnace using manipulator and is made annealing treatment.
A further technical solution lies in:When the alloy that there is remaining solidification in sprue causes casting mould that can not take off When mould, broken casting mold connector is cut off by cutting the alloy that will be remained in and solidify in sprue, and taking-up is molding to start Machine components.
A further technical solution lies in:The high temperature composite material each component is by weight percentage:C 0.07-0.12%、Cr 21.5-22.5%、Co 17.0-19.0%、W 1.5-2.1%、Al 0.80-1.30%、Ti 2.1-2.6%、 Ta 0.8-1.5%, Nb 0.7-1.0%, B 0.003-0.012%, Zr 0.013-0.023%, impurity element≤0.1%, surplus are Ni。
Generated beneficial effect is by adopting the above technical scheme:High temperature alloy melting in the preparation method at Type device after melting starts water jacketed copper crucible and its inside melt may be constructed conducting ring and be powered, water jacketed copper crucible do from Heart movement, under the action of centrifugal force and its Lorentz force, melt is in mechanical balance state, mainly melts at this time to alloy Refining.After melting, the electric current in water jacketed copper crucible ring changes direction, and accelerates to the centrifugal movement of water jacketed copper crucible ring, So that melt is filled in casting mold by outside force action and realizes Fast Cooling.By more plasma-arc meltings, in conjunction with Lorentz force and centrifugal force complete the melting and Rapid Prototyping Process of high temperature alloy, have smelting temperature high, and smelting efficiency is high, The features such as precision is high, warm high-alloy casting good quality.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is bowing after high temperature alloy melting described in the embodiment of the present invention is splitted with water jacketed copper crucible matrix in molding machine Depending on structural schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the side view knot after high temperature alloy melting described in the embodiment of the present invention is splitted with water jacketed copper crucible matrix in molding machine Structure schematic diagram(And it will be after the removal of the end cap of described matrix);
Fig. 3 is the variation schematic diagram in melting magnetic field in high temperature alloy melting described in the embodiment of the present invention and molding machine;
Fig. 4 is the variation schematic diagram that type magnetic field is filled in high temperature alloy melting described in the embodiment of the present invention and molding machine;
Fig. 5 is the functional block diagram of preparation system described in the embodiment of the present invention;
Wherein:1:Water jacketed copper crucible;2:Smelting electrode;3:Water jacketed copper crucible matrix;4:Casting mould;5:Sprue;6:Casting Mold connector;7:Melt;8:Total electrode;9:Insulating supporting;10:Cyclic water channel;11:Plasma-arc;12:Centrifugal rotation Axis;13:The rotation support of water jacketed copper crucible matrix;14:Insulation connection 15, high temperature alloy melting and molding machine 16, first transmit Device 17, tempering furnace.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete Ground description, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention can be with Implemented using other than the one described here other way, those skilled in the art can be without prejudice to intension of the present invention In the case of do similar popularization, therefore the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
As shown in figure 5, the embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of part of automobile engine preparation system, including high temperature alloy Melting and molding machine 15, second conveyer 16 and tempering furnace 17, the melting and molding machine are used for automobile engine Components preparation carries out melting with high temperature composite material and casts the composite material after fusing by casting mould thereon Make engine component;Second conveyer 16 is for sending the engine component cooled down at the tempering furnace 17 to Reason, the tempering furnace 17 are used to carry out tempering to the engine component that the transmission of second conveyer 16 comes.The preparation System and preparation method are particularly suitable for turbine engine blade, it should be noted that the preparation system and preparation method are also Preparation suitable for high-temperature alloy materials other on engine, it is also necessary to explanation, the second conveyer 16 and tempering Device in the prior art can be used in furnace 17, and this will not be repeated here for specific structure.
As Figure 1-Figure 2, the high temperature alloy melting and molding machine include container-like water jacketed copper crucible matrix 3, Several water jacketed copper crucibles 1 are provided with along the inner wall of the water jacketed copper crucible matrix 3, and the water jacketed copper crucible is in same height At degree, and it is arranged along the circumference of the copper crucible matrix inner wall.It is provided with outside the copper crucible matrix and the water-cooled copper earthenware The one-to-one casting mould 4 of crucible 1 is connected between the copper crucible and the casting mould 4 by sprue 5.Such as Fig. 2 Shown, one end of centrifugal rotary shaft 12 is located at the outside of described matrix, connect with the power output end of centrifuge, centrifugal rotary shaft 12 other end is located in described matrix, and connect with one end of total electrode 8.With the one-to-one melting electricity of water jacketed copper crucible 1 Pole 2 is located on the lateral wall of total electrode 8, and maintains gap between the end of smelting electrode 2 and water jacketed copper crucible 1, should Gap constitutes the discharge space of smelting electrode 2, after the smelting electrode 2 is powered between water jacketed copper crucible 1 and smelting electrode 2 Form plasma-arc 11.As shown in Fig. 2, the downside of the water jacketed copper crucible matrix 3 is provided with the rotation of water jacketed copper crucible matrix Support 13, water jacketed copper crucible matrix rotation support 13 are connect by insulated connecting piece 14 with the centrifugal rotary shaft 12.The water The outside of cold copper crucible matrix 3 is provided with magnetic field generation device, and the magnetic field generation device is used for into water jacketed copper crucible matrix 3 Apply mechanical periodicity magnetic field.
Multiple smelting electrodes 2 and multiple water jacketed copper crucibles 1 do centrifugal movement simultaneously under the action of centrifuge during melting, Variation magnetic field is applied by magnetic field generation device in water jacketed copper crucible matrix 3 simultaneously(As shown in figure 3, abscissa is the time, indulge Coordinate is magnetic field strength), it is flat that melt 7 handles mechanics under the action of centrifugal force, crucible supporting power, Lorentz force and surface tension Weighing apparatus state;After melting, accelerate the centrifugal movement of centrifugal rotary shaft 12, while magnetic field is changed by control magnetic field generation device Variation(As shown in figure 4, abscissa is the time, ordinate is magnetic field strength), keep the Lorentz force of magnetic field generation and centrifugal force same To realizing the precision of part of automobile engine so that melt accelerates quickly to be filling into casting mould 4 by sprue 5 Casting and forming.
Further, as shown in Figure 1, the molding machine further includes insulating supporting 9, the insulating supporting 9 is located at described The junction of smelting electrode 2 and total electrode 8, by the insulating supporting 9 by the end between smelting electrode 2 and smelting electrode 2 It separates, prevents smelting electrode interpolar discharge.Smelting electrode can be swung up and down in the slot in insulating supporting, under the action of the centrifugal force The distance between adjustment and high temperature composite material.
Further, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the inside tool between the water jacketed copper crucible 1 and water jacketed copper crucible matrix 3 There is cavity, the cavity forms cyclic water channel 10, is the water jacketed copper crucible 1 cooling by cyclic water channel 10.
Preferably, the electrode rotary shaft 12 is the main electrode 8 power supply by brush, and the main electrode 8 is described again Smelting electrode 2 is powered, and is discharged by smelting electrode 2 and is carried out the melting of high temperature alloy.Electrode rotary shaft 12, water jacketed copper crucible matrix Rotation support 13 and insulated connecting piece 14 do centrifugal movement together, guarantee that plasma-arc 11 is in the shape of melting melt 7 always State improves the efficiency of melting.
Further, the casting mould 4 is connected on the outer wall of described matrix by casting mould connector 6, described Casting mould connector 6 is made using friable materials such as graphite or quartz, after casting and forming, when there are residual in sprue 5 The alloy of remaining solidification and when can not demould, casting mould connector 6 can be broken, and will be remained in sprue 5 by cutting Alloy cutting, takes out molding engine component.
Further, the high temperature composite material each component is by weight percentage:C 0.07-0.12%,Cr 21.5-22.5%、Co 17.0-19.0%、W 1.5-2.1%、Al 0.80-1.30%、Ti 2.1-2.6%、Ta 0.8-1.5%、Nb 0.7-1.0%, B 0.003-0.012%, Zr 0.013-0.023%, impurity element≤0.1%, surplus Ni.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a kind of part of automobile engine preparation methods, include the following steps:
1)The method of smelting of the melting of high temperature alloy, the high temperature alloy is as follows:
Each 2 removing surface of smelting electrode is clean, guarantee that water jacketed copper crucible base for circle, is opened in each 2 head of smelting electrode Several smelting electrodes 2 are assembled on total electrode 8 by body 3, the smelting electrode 2 and the water on 3 inner wall of water jacketed copper crucible matrix Cold copper crucible 1 corresponds, and has a certain distance between the head and water jacketed copper crucible 1 of smelting electrode 2, which constitutes molten Arcing distance is refined, casting mould 4 is installed to the outside of described matrix, casting mould 4 and the water jacketed copper crucible 1 one are a pair of It answers, is connected between casting mould 4 and water jacketed copper crucible 1 by sprue 5;
High temperature composite material is placed in each water jacketed copper crucible 1, while opening the magnetic field being located at outside described matrix and producing Generating apparatus makes its work, and the magnetic field of generation is applied in described matrix, enhances the intensity in magnetic field constantly(Enhance period magnetic ?), guarantee that high temperature composite material can be stablized under the action of Lorentz force and be placed in water jacketed copper crucible 1, and guarantee High temperature composite material not touch smelting electrode 2;
Starting is located at the centrifuge outside described matrix, and the power output end of centrifuge is connect with electrode rotary shaft 12, electrode rotary Main electrode 8 in one end and described matrix of axis 12 connects, and centrifuge drives the main electrode 8 by the electric machine rotational axis 12 And described matrix rotation, so that main electrode 8 and described matrix is done centrifugal movement, the angular speed of centrifugal movement is so that high temperature is multiple The center for closing metal material is in the position of sprue 5, vacuumizes to described matrix, and be filled with inert gas;
Operating voltage is transferred to main electrode 8 by the electrode rotary shaft 12, main electrode 8 is powered again for the smelting electrode 2, Size by adjusting centrifugation angular speed adjusts the distance between smelting electrode 2 and high temperature composite material, reaches Striking distance and striking, make multiple smelting electrodes 2 work, and the electric discharge of smelting electrode 2 generates plasma-arc 11, pass through plasma electric 11 melting melt 7 of arc, it is uniform to alloy melt melting, after reaching cast temperature, accelerate the revolving speed of electrode rotary shaft 12, same to time control Making the magnetic field generation device keeps the Lorentz force of magnetic field generation and centrifugal force in the same direction(Weaken periodic magnetic field), so that melt 7 is high Speed impact is filling into casting mould 4, prepares high strength alloy material, due to the chilling action of casting mould 4, melt is quick Coagulation forming;
It is powered off to smelting electrode 2, stops the movement of electrode rotary shaft 12, after cooling the molding engine in casting mould 4 Components take out.
2)Engine component after molding is transmitted to by annealing furnace by second conveyer;
3)Engine component is sent in annealing furnace using manipulator and is made annealing treatment.
When the alloy that there is remaining solidification in sprue 5 causes casting mould 4 that can not demould, broken casting mold connects Fitting 6 will remain in the alloy solidified in sprue 5 cutting by cutting, and take out molding engine component.
The high temperature alloy melting and molding machine and melting and forming method by more plasma-arc meltings, in conjunction with Lorentz force and centrifugal force complete the melting and Rapid Prototyping Process of high temperature alloy, have smelting temperature high, and smelting efficiency is high, The features such as precision is high, warm high-alloy casting good quality.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of part of automobile engine preparation method, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
1)The method of smelting of the melting of high temperature alloy, the high temperature alloy is as follows:
By each smelting electrode(2)Removing surface is clean, guarantees each smelting electrode(2)Head is circle, opens water-cooled copper earthenware Crucible matrix(3), by several smelting electrodes(2)It is assembled to total electrode(8)On, the smelting electrode(2)With water jacketed copper crucible base Body(3)Water jacketed copper crucible on inner wall(1)It corresponds, smelting electrode(2)Head and water jacketed copper crucible(1)Between have one Fixed distance, which constitutes melting arcing distance, by casting mould(4)It is installed to the outside of described matrix, casting mould(4) With the water jacketed copper crucible(1)It corresponds, casting mould(4)With water jacketed copper crucible(1)Between pass through sprue(5)Connected It is logical;
High temperature composite material is placed on each water jacketed copper crucible(1)In, while opening the magnetic field being located at outside described matrix Generation device makes its work, and the magnetic field of generation is applied in described matrix, enhances the intensity in magnetic field constantly, guarantees high temperature Composite material can be stablized under the action of Lorentz force is placed on water jacketed copper crucible(1)In, and guarantee the compound gold of high temperature Belonging to material not touch smelting electrode(2);
Starting is located at the centrifuge outside described matrix, the power output end and electrode rotary shaft of centrifuge(12)Connection, electrode rotation Shaft(12)One end and described matrix in main electrode(8)Connection, centrifuge pass through the electric machine rotational axis(12)Driving institute State main electrode(8)And described matrix rotation, make main electrode(8)And described matrix does centrifugal movement, the angle speed of centrifugal movement Degree is so that the center of high temperature composite material is in sprue(5)Position, described matrix is vacuumized, and is filled with Inert gas;
Pass through the electrode rotary shaft(12)Operating voltage is transferred to main electrode(8), main electrode(8)It is again the smelting electrode (2)Power supply, the size by adjusting centrifugation angular speed adjust smelting electrode(2)Between high temperature composite material away from From, reach striking distance and striking, make multiple smelting electrodes(2)Work, smelting electrode(2)Electric discharge generates plasma-arc (11), pass through plasma-arc(11)Melting melt(7), it is uniform to alloy melt melting, after reaching cast temperature, accelerate electrode Rotary shaft(12)Revolving speed, while control the magnetic field generation device make magnetic field generate Lorentz force it is in the same direction with centrifugal force, make Obtain melt(7)High speed impact is filling into casting mould(4)In, high strength alloy material is prepared, due to casting mould(4)Swash Cold-working is used, and melt is rapidly solidificated into type;
To smelting electrode(2)Power-off stops electrode rotary shaft(12)Movement, after cooling in casting mould(4)In it is molding Engine component takes out;
2)Engine component after molding is transmitted to by annealing furnace by second conveyer;
3)Engine component is sent in annealing furnace using manipulator and is made annealing treatment.
2. part of automobile engine preparation method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Work as sprue(5)Middle presence Remnants solidification alloy and cause casting mould(4)When can not demould, broken casting mold connector(6), will be residual by cutting It is remaining in sprue(5)The alloy of middle solidification is cut off, and takes out molding engine component.
3. part of automobile engine preparation method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The high temperature composition metal material Expect that each component is by weight percentage:C 0.07-0.12%,Cr 21.5-22.5%,Co 17.0-19.0%,W 1.5-2.1%, Al 0.80-1.30%、Ti 2.1-2.6%、Ta 0.8-1.5%、Nb 0.7-1.0%、B 0.003-0.012%、Zr 0.013- 0.023%, impurity element≤0.1%, surplus Ni.
CN201810851635.0A 2018-07-30 2018-07-30 Part of automobile engine preparation method Withdrawn CN108866346A (en)

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Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113718079A (en) * 2021-08-25 2021-11-30 镇江东丰特殊合金有限公司 Special inoculant for silicon-barium cast iron and manufacturing equipment thereof

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CN108998679A (en) * 2018-07-30 2018-12-14 孟静 Part of automobile engine preparation system

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113718079A (en) * 2021-08-25 2021-11-30 镇江东丰特殊合金有限公司 Special inoculant for silicon-barium cast iron and manufacturing equipment thereof
CN113718079B (en) * 2021-08-25 2023-03-14 镇江东丰特殊合金有限公司 Inoculant making equipment

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