CN105817636A - Method for preparing metal powder for 3D printing through rotating electrode with assist of plasmas - Google Patents
Method for preparing metal powder for 3D printing through rotating electrode with assist of plasmas Download PDFInfo
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- CN105817636A CN105817636A CN201510010946.0A CN201510010946A CN105817636A CN 105817636 A CN105817636 A CN 105817636A CN 201510010946 A CN201510010946 A CN 201510010946A CN 105817636 A CN105817636 A CN 105817636A
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Abstract
Provided is a method for preparing metal powder for 3D printing through a rotating electrode with the assist of plasmas. In a sealed container protected by an inert atmosphere, a low-voltage strong current is used for generating a plasma arc in a narrow and small space between a plasma assist electrode and the rotating cylindrical consumable electrode made from high-temperature metal. By means of the high temperature generated by the plasma arc, the section, close to the plasma arc, of the high-temperature metal electrode is made to enter a molten state, and small liquid drops of the high-temperature metal are formed. Centrifugal force generated by rotating the rotationally fed electrode made from the high-temperature metal at a high speed is used for throwing out the small liquid drops of the high-temperature metal. The small liquid drops of the high-temperature metal are air-cooled and solidified into balls in the sealed environment protected by the inert atmosphere, and the high-temperature small metal balls for 3D printing are collected from the bottom of the container.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to 3D and print material technology field, be specifically related to a kind of prill powder for 3D printer and preparation method thereof.This metal dust the small ball's diameter is 20-60um.
Background technology
[0002] 3D printing technique has become one of emerging technology of paying close attention to most in the whole world the most.The wherein big bottleneck that the realization restriction 3D printing technique promoting the third time industrial revolution is developed rapidly together with other Digitalisation Manufacture Mode by this novel mode of production is printed material, particularly metallic print material, research and development and the metal material that production performance is more preferable and versatility is higher are an up the key of 3D printing technique.Directly use 3D printing technique manufacture view at high-performance metal component, need that particle diameter is thin, uniform particle sizes, high sphericity, all kinds of metal dusts of low oxygen content.The most high-end metal dust relies primarily on import.And foreign vendor is often by raw material and equipment binding high price sales volume, greatly constrain the development of the metal 3D printing technique of China.
3D prints and is referred to as " engine of the industrial revolution for the third time ", and 3D is printed by the most laser sintered and selective laser sintering has brought " metal age " into.Having expert to point out, the core that 3D prints is that conventionally manufactured pattern is overturned by it, and therefore, in a sense, what 3D printed most critical is not machine-building, but material development.Material will become the technology commanding elevation that 3D prints.On the one hand, the direct manufacturing technology of high-performance metal component and suitable material fit can significantly improve stock utilization, reduce manufacturing cost, avoid waste of material, shorten the production cycle；On the other hand, the direct manufacturing technology of high-performance metal component can produce the Components Shape that cannot obtain by classical production process, and mechanical property is preferable, moreover it is possible to realizes the molding of many Material claddings.Meanwhile, the extraordinary powder body material for high performance direct metal fabricating will be basis and the guarantee of the development of this technology.Only promote material technology, utilize 3D printing technique production high-performance, unmanageable large complicated integrated member just can be possibly realized.Therefore, research and development are applicable to one of important development direction and the major impetus that the powder body material of metal parts laser direct writing is 3D printing technique, it is possible not only to help to solve the technical bottleneck problem that China some industrial large-sized element of installation directly manufacture, and will be that China will seize 3D future and print and increase the important means of material manufacturing technology strategic high ground.Present stage, China 3D printing material is mostly directly provided by rapid shaping producer, not yet realizes third party and supplies the pattern of versatile material, and the cost causing material is the highest.Meanwhile, domestic there is no for be exclusively used in 3D print powder.The dusty spray replacement use that some unit is conventional, also exists a lot of unworthiness.In terms of 3D prints rapid shaping, research and develop and produce the key that the higher material of versatility is skill upgrading.Resolve performance and the Cost Problems of material, will preferably promote the development of the rapid shaping technique of China.Domestic limited by powder-making technique, fine grain powder is prepared because of difficulty, powder yield is low, oxygen and other impurity contents high, in 3D print procedure, easily occur that powder smelting state is uneven, cause the problems such as oxide inclusion content is high, compactness is poor, intensity is low, structure is uneven in goods, what domestic powder existed is concentrated mainly on the aspect such as product quality and lot stability, including: the 1. stability (being mingled with quantity, oxygen content, homogeneity of ingredients) of powdered ingredients；2. the stability (particle size distribution, powder morphology, mobility, pine dress ratio etc.) of powder physical property；3. yield problem (narrow granularity section powder product rate is low) etc..At present, China 3D prints the material of rapid shaping technique use mostly need to be from external import, or equipment manufacturer oneself puts into huge energy and funds development, expensive, production cost is caused to improve, and its intensity of material manufactured goods of domestic corresponding use, precision are the most relatively low, the production domesticization of 3D printed material is the most imperative.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention, it is provided that a kind of method that plasma asistance rotation electrode prepares 3D printing metal dust, to solve product quality and the lot stability problem that above-mentioned domestic powder exists.
Specifically, in the hermetic container of an inert atmosphere protection, the heavy current of the low pressure small space between the expendable electrode that plasma auxiliary electrode and cylinder rotated are made up of high-temperature metal is utilized to produce plasma arc, the high temperature produced by plasma arc makes high-temperature metal electrode near one section of entrance molten condition of plasma arc, form the droplet of high-temperature metal, utilize the centrifugal force rotating the electrode high speed rotating generation that the high-temperature metal fed is made, the droplet of high-temperature metal is thrown away, the droplet of high-temperature metal is solidified into spherical at the closed environment hollow cold of inert atmosphere protection, collect through container bottom and obtain high temperature 3D printing prill.The 3D a diameter of 20-60um of printing prill prepared.
The preparation technology flow process of metal electrode in the present invention, comprises the following steps:
A, by metal needed for the chemical analysis proportioning of standard material requirement, obtain founding raw material；
B, founding raw material qualified for proportioning is carried out vacuum melting, obtain relative density ingot shape blank more than 75%；
C, by the ingot shape blank of vacuum melting by forge hot, cast, deposit, obtain the relative density metal bar material more than 95%；
D, it is finish-machined to forge hot, casting, post-depositional metal bar material to produce during the equipment of spherical powder seals, at the plasma gun rotation electrode that 9,000 20000 revolutions per seconds run up, the metal electrode bar that rotate smoothly.The diameter of the metal electrode prepared is in 60 75mm, length 500-750mm.
The each process parameter control of the present invention be inert atmosphere protection sealing container in vacuum be maintained at not higher than 2 × 10-2pa；Electric current 1400 2000A on electrode, voltage 30-110V, metal electrode rotating speed 9,000 20000 revolutions per seconds, feeding rate, less than 1mm/ second, plasma arc temperature 9,000 11000 DEG C.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is:
1,3D printing prill sphericity and the monodispersity that prepared by the method are good, even structure, and oxide is mingled with few, and compactness is good, and intensity is high, and the least particle diameter adds the bulk density of powder, meets the demand of needs moulding process；
2, the method can realize the control of the sphere diameter to bead by adjusting rotation electrode rotating speed, the diameter of metal electrode and plasma glow current intensity, the 3D of different sphere diameter therefore as required, can be provided to print and use prill product；
3, this flouring technology has that device structure is tight, process parameter control simple, powder size narrow range, powder particle surface are smooth, clean and production efficiency is high, yield rate is high.
Detailed description of the invention
The method skill preparing 3D prill with plasma asistance rotation electrode is implemented according to following steps:
(1) preparation of anode electrode rod: metal is refined into scale rod bar, then, then is finish-machined to the motor rod that steadily can operate in the plasma gun rotation electrode that each second 9,000 20000 turns runs up produces the equipment movable sealing of spherical powder；
(2) the preparation technology flow process of electrode bar is:
A, by metal needed for the chemical analysis proportioning of standard material requirement, obtain founding raw material；
B, founding raw material qualified for proportioning is carried out vacuum melting, obtain relative density ingot shape blank more than 75%；
C, by the ingot shape blank of vacuum melting by forge hot, cast, deposit, obtain the relative density metal bar material more than 95%；
D, it is finish-machined to forge hot, casting, post-depositional metal bar material to produce during the equipment of spherical powder seals, at the plasma gun rotation electrode that 9,000 20000 revolutions per seconds run up, the metal electrode bar that rotate smoothly.The diameter of the metal electrode prepared is in 60 75mm, length 500-750mm；
(3) fusing powder process: electrode bar is applied 1400 2000A, the low-voltage, high-current of 30-110V, make it in the melting chamber of high vacuum, the high temperature melting produced with plasma gun cathode arc, and utilize the powerful centrifugal force that electrode bar self high speed rotating produces, and molten metal moment being gone out with getting rid of and obtains tiny 3D printing prill, tiny prill is instantaneous cooling in the melting chamber of full indifferent gas gas, and fall voluntarily by gravity, collect；
(4) each state modulator is: in the hermetic container of inert gas shielding, vacuum is not higher than 2 × 10-2pa；Electric current 1400 2000A on electrode, voltage 30-110V；Electrode rotating speed 9,000 20000 revolutions per seconds, feeding rate is less than the 1mm/ second；Plasma-arc temperature is at 9,000 11000 DEG C.
A diameter of 20-60um of the 3D printing prill that said method prepares.
Claims (6)
1. the method that a plasma asistance rotation electrode prepares 3D printing metal dust, it is characterized in that, in the hermetic container of an inert atmosphere protection, the heavy current of the low pressure small space between the expendable electrode that plasma auxiliary electrode and cylinder rotated are made up of high-temperature metal is utilized to produce plasma arc, the high temperature produced by plasma arc makes high-temperature metal electrode near one section of entrance molten condition of plasma arc, form the droplet of high-temperature metal, utilize the centrifugal force rotating the electrode high speed rotating generation that the high-temperature metal fed is made, the droplet of high-temperature metal is thrown away, the droplet of high-temperature metal is solidified into spherical at the closed environment hollow cold of inert atmosphere protection, collect through container bottom and obtain high temperature 3D printing prill.
The method that a kind of plasma asistance rotation electrode the most according to claim 1 prepares 3D printing metal dust, is characterized in that the preparation technology flow process of metal electrode, comprises the following steps:
By metal needed for the chemical analysis proportioning of standard material requirement, obtain founding raw material；
Founding raw material qualified for proportioning is carried out vacuum melting, obtains relative density ingot shape blank more than 75%；
By the ingot shape blank of vacuum melting by forge hot, cast, deposit, obtain the relative density metal bar material more than 95%；
It is finish-machined to forge hot, casting, post-depositional metal bar material to produce during the equipment of spherical powder seals, at the plasma gun rotation electrode that 9,000 20000 revolutions per seconds run up, the electrode bar that rotate smoothly.
The method that a kind of plasma asistance rotation electrode the most according to claim 2 prepares 3D printing metal dust, it is characterized in that the diameter of described metal electrode at 60 75mm, length is at 500-750mm.
The method that a kind of plasma asistance rotation electrode the most according to claim 1 prepares 3D printing metal dust, it is characterised in that a diameter of 20-60um of prepared prill.
The method that a kind of plasma asistance rotation electrode the most according to claim 1 prepares 3D printing metal dust, it is characterised in that in the sealing container of inert atmosphere protection, vacuum is maintained at not higher than 2 × 10-2pa；Electric current 1400 2000A on electrode, voltage 30-110V, metal electrode rotating speed 9,000 20000 revolutions per seconds, feeding rate is less than 1mm/ second, plasma arc temperature 9,000 11000 DEG C.
The method that a kind of plasma asistance rotation electrode the most according to claim 2 prepares 3D printing metal dust, is characterized in that described metal electrode is any one or its alloy in the titanium in high-melting-point refractory metal, cobalt, chromium, tungsten, molybdenum, ferrum, nickel.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106348308A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-01-25 | 赵放 | High-melting-point metal powder, solid propellant and process for preparing same by using boron powder |
| CN106881464A (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-06-23 | 自贡长城硬面材料有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of high-purity 3D printing increasing material manufacturing metal alloy powders |
| CN107344243A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-11-14 | 西安欧中材料科技有限公司 | It is a kind of to be used for rotating electrode atomized double mode plasma arc apparatus and its method |
| CN107876794A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-04-06 | 西安欧中材料科技有限公司 | The Mo powder of increasing material manufacturing, the preparation method of Mo alloy spherical powder |
| CN107999774A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-05-08 | 南通金源智能技术有限公司 | A kind of method for improving 3D printing powder of stainless steel sphericity |
| CN108213445A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2018-06-29 | 龙岩紫荆创新研究院 | A kind of selective laser is melted and molded the plasma preparation method with spherical cobalt chromium powder end |
| CN109014228A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2018-12-18 | 陕西科技大学 | A method of copper alloy powder is prepared based on plasma rotating electrode |
| CN109332715A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-02-15 | 成都露思特新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of method of near β type titanium alloys powder |
| CN110732676A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-01-31 | 重庆材料研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of spherical tungsten-rhenium alloy powder |
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| CN101758238A (en) * | 2010-01-19 | 2010-06-30 | 张建利 | Methods for preparing titanium alloy TC4 prill by plasma auxiliary rotation electrode |
| CN101767201A (en) * | 2010-01-19 | 2010-07-07 | 张建利 | Method for preparing titanium alloy Ti60 prills by adopting plasma auxiliary rotary electrode |
| CN101767202A (en) * | 2010-01-15 | 2010-07-07 | 张建利 | Method for preparing high-temperature alloy GH4648 prills by adopting plasma auxiliary rotary electrode |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106348308A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-01-25 | 赵放 | High-melting-point metal powder, solid propellant and process for preparing same by using boron powder |
| CN106348308B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-12-11 | 赵放 | High-melting metal powder, solid propellant and its with boron powder preparation technique |
| CN108213445A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2018-06-29 | 龙岩紫荆创新研究院 | A kind of selective laser is melted and molded the plasma preparation method with spherical cobalt chromium powder end |
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| CN107344243A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-11-14 | 西安欧中材料科技有限公司 | It is a kind of to be used for rotating electrode atomized double mode plasma arc apparatus and its method |
| CN107344243B (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2020-05-15 | 西安欧中材料科技有限公司 | Dual-mode plasma arc device and method for rotary electrode atomization |
| CN107999774A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-05-08 | 南通金源智能技术有限公司 | A kind of method for improving 3D printing powder of stainless steel sphericity |
| CN107999774B (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2021-01-26 | 南通金源智能技术有限公司 | Method for improving sphericity of 3D printed stainless steel powder |
| CN107876794A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-04-06 | 西安欧中材料科技有限公司 | The Mo powder of increasing material manufacturing, the preparation method of Mo alloy spherical powder |
| CN109014228A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2018-12-18 | 陕西科技大学 | A method of copper alloy powder is prepared based on plasma rotating electrode |
| CN109332715A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-02-15 | 成都露思特新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of method of near β type titanium alloys powder |
| CN110732676A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-01-31 | 重庆材料研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of spherical tungsten-rhenium alloy powder |
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Effective date of registration: 20170607 Address after: 710199 No. 236 East Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, Changan District Applicant after: SHAANXI YUGUANG PHELLY METAL MATERAILS CO., LTD. Address before: 710000 No. 795, No. 362, family house, 067 base, Yanta District, Shaanxi, Xi'an Applicant before: Cai Xiaokui |
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Application publication date: 20160803 |