CN108675759B - High-stability ceramic material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-stability ceramic material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the high-stability ceramic material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4.6-7.5 parts of cyclodextrin, 13-18.7 parts of shell powder, 16.6-21.8 parts of epoxy resin powder, 4.4-6.7 parts of silicon carbide, 42-55.5 parts of ceramic waste solids, 8-13.2 parts of magnesium aluminate spinel, 3.3-4.8 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 15-21.6 parts of bentonite, 5-8.2 parts of cactus extract and 15-18.5 parts of butanediol, wherein the cactus extract is prepared by freezing and drying cactus at-12 to-4 ℃ for 1.5-3 hours, then crushing to 30-40 meshes, and then carrying out enzymolysis at the pH value of 4.2-6 and the temperature of 30-42 ℃. The raw materials of the invention have wide sources, the preparation process is simple, the prepared finished product has good water absorption, glossiness and thermal stability and long service life by mixing various raw materials and exerting synergistic effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ceramics, in particular to a high-stability ceramic material.
Background
The ceramic has a long history in China and is widely used in the world nowadays, the ceramic is a ware made of two clays of pottery clay and porcelain clay with different properties as raw materials through the process flows of proportioning, forming, drying, roasting and the like, the development history of the ceramic is an important component of the Chinese civilization history, China is one of four civilization ancient countries and makes excellent contribution to the progress and development of human society, wherein the invention and the development of the ceramic have unique meanings, and the China has different artistic styles and different technical characteristics in various generations in history.
The domestic ceramic yield of China is about 65% of the world, the annual export amount is more than 80 hundred million, and the domestic ceramic yield accounts for more than 70% of the world export total amount, but the domestic ceramic produced at present can meet the basic use requirements of people, but the water absorption rate is high, the thermal stability is poor, and the use of people is inconvenient.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a high stability ceramic material to solve the above problems of the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a high-stability ceramic material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4.6-7.5 parts of cyclodextrin, 13-18.7 parts of shell powder, 16.6-21.8 parts of epoxy resin powder, 4.4-6.7 parts of silicon carbide, 42-55.5 parts of ceramic waste solids, 8-13.2 parts of magnesium aluminate spinel, 3.3-4.8 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 15-21.6 parts of bentonite, 5-8.2 parts of cactus extract and 15-18.5 parts of butanediol, wherein the cactus extract is prepared by freezing and drying cactus at-12 to-4 ℃ for 1.5-3 hours, then crushing to 30-40 meshes, and then carrying out enzymolysis at the pH value of 4.2-6 and the temperature of 30-42 ℃.
As a further scheme of the invention: the grain diameter of the shell powder is 0.25-0.68mm, and the grain diameter of the epoxy resin powder is 26-48 um.
As a further scheme of the invention: the epoxy resin powder includes at least one of glycidyl ether type epoxy resin, alicyclic type epoxy resin, and glycidyl amine type epoxy resin.
As a further scheme of the invention: the cactus extract is subjected to ultrasonic assistance of 40-60W during enzymolysis.
The preparation method of the high-stability ceramic material comprises the following specific steps:
step one, adding shell powder, silicon carbide, ceramic waste solid, bentonite and magnesium aluminate spinel into a ball mill, adding water with the weight of 0.22-0.34 times of the total weight, uniformly ball-milling, and irradiating for 28-42 minutes under the microwave of 120-150W to obtain a first mixture;
adding epoxy resin powder into butanediol and uniformly dispersing by ultrasonic waves to obtain a second mixture;
step three, uniformly mixing cyclodextrin, sodium dodecyl sulfate and cactus extract in a mixer to obtain a third mixture;
step four, uniformly mixing the first mixture, the second mixture and the third mixture in a high-speed mixer, and drying for 2.5-4 hours at 68-105 ℃ by adopting an isostatic pressing process under the pressure of 15-21MPa to obtain a semi-finished product;
and step five, placing the semi-finished product into a sintering furnace, raising the temperature of the sintering furnace from room temperature to 350 ℃ plus of 280 ℃ after 80-120 minutes, then raising the temperature to 580 ℃ plus of 550 ℃ after 90-135 minutes, finally raising the temperature to 940 ℃ plus of 860 ℃ and preserving the temperature for 6-9 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the finished product.
As a further scheme of the invention: placing the mixture in an electric field of 4.5-7.2KV for 10-18 minutes before carrying out the isostatic pressing process.
As a further scheme of the invention: the mixing speed of the high-speed mixer is 1500-.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the raw materials of the invention have wide sources, the preparation process is simple, the prepared finished product has good water absorption, glossiness and thermal stability, long service life and wide application prospect by mixing various raw materials and exerting synergistic effect.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present patent will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments.
Example 1
A high-stability ceramic material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4.6 parts of cyclodextrin, 13 parts of shell powder, 16.6 parts of epoxy resin powder, 4.4 parts of silicon carbide, 42 parts of ceramic waste solids, 8 parts of magnesium aluminate spinel, 3.3 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 15 parts of bentonite, 5 parts of cactus extract and 15 parts of butanediol, wherein the cactus extract is prepared by freeze drying cactus at-8 ℃ for 2.2 hours, crushing the cactus extract into 30 meshes, and carrying out enzymolysis at the pH value of 4.7 and the temperature of 36 ℃. The epoxy resin powder is alicyclic epoxy resin powder.
The preparation method of the high-stability ceramic material comprises the following specific steps:
adding shell powder, silicon carbide, ceramic waste solids, bentonite and magnesium aluminate spinel into a ball mill, adding water with the weight being 0.26 time of that of the shell powder, the silicon carbide, the ceramic waste solids, the bentonite and the magnesium aluminate spinel, uniformly ball-milling, and irradiating for 34 minutes under 135W of microwave to obtain a first mixture;
adding epoxy resin powder into butanediol and uniformly dispersing by ultrasonic waves to obtain a second mixture;
step three, uniformly mixing cyclodextrin, sodium dodecyl sulfate and cactus extract in a mixer to obtain a third mixture;
step four, uniformly mixing the first mixture, the second mixture and the third mixture in a high-speed mixer, wherein the mixing speed of the high-speed mixer is 1560rpm, the mixing temperature of the high-speed mixer is 38 ℃, drying for 3.5 hours at 76 ℃ by adopting an isostatic pressing process under the pressure of 17MPa, and obtaining a semi-finished product;
and step five, putting the semi-finished product into a sintering furnace, raising the temperature of the sintering furnace from room temperature to 295 ℃ after 90 minutes, then raising the temperature to 560 ℃ after 115 minutes, finally raising the temperature to 930 ℃ and preserving the temperature for 8 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the finished product.
Example 2
A high-stability ceramic material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5.2 parts of cyclodextrin, 15.1 parts of shell powder, 18.4 parts of epoxy resin powder, 5.2 parts of silicon carbide, 47.8 parts of ceramic waste solids, 10.8 parts of magnesium aluminate spinel, 3.9 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 17.5 parts of bentonite, 6.6 parts of cactus extract and 16.4 parts of butanediol, wherein the cactus extract is prepared by freezing and drying cactus at-10 ℃ for 1.5 hours, then crushing the cactus extract into 30 meshes, and then carrying out enzymolysis at the pH value of 5.7 and 38 ℃ and adopting 55W ultrasonic wave for assistance. The grain diameter of the shell powder is 0.44mm, and the grain diameter of the epoxy resin powder is 36 um.
The preparation method of the high-stability ceramic material comprises the following specific steps:
adding shell powder, silicon carbide, ceramic waste solids, bentonite and magnesium aluminate spinel into a ball mill, adding water with the weight being 0.27 times of the total weight, uniformly ball-milling, and irradiating for 35 minutes under 140W of microwave to obtain a first mixture;
adding epoxy resin powder into butanediol and uniformly dispersing by ultrasonic waves to obtain a second mixture;
step three, uniformly mixing cyclodextrin, sodium dodecyl sulfate and cactus extract in a mixer to obtain a third mixture;
step four, uniformly mixing the first mixture, the second mixture and the third mixture in a high-speed mixer, then placing for 16 minutes in an electric field of 6.4KV, adopting an isostatic pressing process, wherein the pressure is 19.6MPa, and drying for 3.3 hours at 84 ℃ to obtain a semi-finished product;
and step five, putting the semi-finished product into a sintering furnace, raising the temperature of the sintering furnace from room temperature to 335 ℃ after 108 minutes, then raising the temperature to 575 ℃ after 120 minutes, finally raising the temperature to 920 ℃ and preserving the temperature for 8.5 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the finished product.
Example 3
A high-stability ceramic material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 7.2 parts of cyclodextrin, 17.8 parts of shell powder, 20.6 parts of epoxy resin powder, 6.3 parts of silicon carbide, 53.8 parts of ceramic waste solids, 12.5 parts of magnesium aluminate spinel, 4.6 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 20.7 parts of bentonite, 7.8 parts of cactus extract and 17.5 parts of butanediol, wherein the cactus extract is prepared by freeze drying cactus at-12 ℃ for 3 hours, crushing the cactus extract into 40 meshes, and carrying out enzymolysis at the pH value of 4.6 and the temperature of 38 ℃. The grain diameter of the shell powder is 0.46mm, and the grain diameter of the epoxy resin powder is 37 um. The epoxy resin powder includes a mixture of glycidyl ether type epoxy resin and glycidyl amine type epoxy resin.
The preparation method of the high-stability ceramic material comprises the following specific steps:
adding shell powder, silicon carbide, ceramic waste solids, bentonite and magnesium aluminate spinel into a ball mill, adding water with the weight being 0.31 time of that of the shell powder, the silicon carbide, the ceramic waste solids, the bentonite and the magnesium aluminate spinel, uniformly ball-milling, and irradiating for 40 minutes under 140W of microwave to obtain a first mixture;
adding epoxy resin powder into butanediol and uniformly dispersing by ultrasonic waves to obtain a second mixture;
step three, uniformly mixing cyclodextrin, sodium dodecyl sulfate and cactus extract in a mixer to obtain a third mixture;
step four, uniformly mixing the first mixture, the second mixture and the third mixture in a high-speed mixer, then placing the mixture in an electric field of 6.2KV for 15 minutes, adopting an isostatic pressing process, keeping the pressure at 20.5MPa, and drying the mixture for 3.5 hours at 96 ℃ to obtain a semi-finished product;
and step five, putting the semi-finished product into a sintering furnace, heating the temperature of the sintering furnace from room temperature to 336 ℃ after 105 minutes, then heating the temperature to 570 ℃ after 120 minutes, finally heating the temperature to 895 ℃, preserving the temperature for 8 hours, and naturally cooling the temperature to room temperature to obtain the finished product.
Example 4
A high-stability ceramic material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 7.5 parts of cyclodextrin, 18.7 parts of shell powder, 21.8 parts of epoxy resin powder, 6.7 parts of silicon carbide, 55.5 parts of ceramic waste solids, 13.2 parts of magnesium aluminate spinel, 4.8 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 21.6 parts of bentonite, 8.2 parts of cactus extract and 18.5 parts of butanediol, wherein the cactus extract is prepared by freeze drying cactus at-5 ℃ for 3 hours, crushing the cactus extract into 40 meshes, performing enzymolysis at the pH value of 5.6 and 37 ℃ and performing ultrasonic assistance of 50W. The grain diameter of the shell powder is 0.56mm, and the grain diameter of the epoxy resin powder is 34 um. The epoxy resin powder includes a mixture of glycidyl ether type epoxy resin, alicyclic epoxy resin and glycidyl amine type epoxy resin.
The preparation method of the high-stability ceramic material comprises the following specific steps:
adding shell powder, silicon carbide, ceramic waste solids, bentonite and magnesium aluminate spinel into a ball mill, adding water with the weight being 0.3 time of that of the shell powder, the silicon carbide, the ceramic waste solids, the bentonite and the magnesium aluminate spinel, uniformly ball-milling, and irradiating for 38 minutes under the microwave of 145W to obtain a first mixture;
adding epoxy resin powder into butanediol and uniformly dispersing by ultrasonic waves to obtain a second mixture;
step three, uniformly mixing cyclodextrin, sodium dodecyl sulfate and cactus extract in a mixer to obtain a third mixture;
step four, uniformly mixing the first mixture, the second mixture and the third mixture in a high-speed mixer at the mixing speed of 1710rpm and the mixing temperature of 43 ℃, standing in an electric field of 5.9KV for 16 minutes, drying at 100 ℃ for 3 hours under the pressure of 19MPa by adopting an isostatic pressing process to obtain a semi-finished product;
and step five, putting the semi-finished product into a sintering furnace, raising the temperature of the sintering furnace from room temperature to 340 ℃ after 120 minutes, then raising the temperature to 560 ℃ after 125 minutes, finally raising the temperature to 930 ℃ and preserving the temperature for 8.6 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the finished product.
Comparative example 1
The raw materials and preparation method were the same as in example 2 except that cyclodextrin and cactus extract were not contained.
Comparative example 2
The conventional domestic ceramic was used as comparative example 2.
The products of examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-2 were subjected to performance testing with heat exchange at 245-25 degrees celsius and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Water absorption rate | Degree of gloss | Breaking strength | Once heat exchange | |
| Example 1 | 0.26％ | 87.1 | 7486N | Does not crack |
| Example 2 | 0.19％ | 86.5 | 6591N | Does not crack |
| Example 3 | 0.24％ | 84.6 | 7248N | Does not crack |
| Example 4 | 0.27％ | 85.2 | 6873N | Does not crack |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.48％ | 76.3 | 4935N | Splitting by cleaving |
| Comparative example 2 | 0.56％ | 77.6 | 4580N | Splitting by cleaving |
As can be seen from Table 1, the products of examples 1-4 are superior to the products of comparative examples 1-2 in water absorption, gloss and thermal stability, and the products of examples 1-4 are also superior to the products of comparative examples 1-2 in breaking strength.
The product utilizes the existing ceramic waste solid to react with other raw materials, so that the raw material cost is reduced, various raw materials are mixed and play a synergistic effect, the growth of crystal grains of a finished product can be inhibited, the sintering temperature is reduced, and the prepared finished product has good water absorption rate, glossiness and thermal stability and wide application prospect.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (6)
1. The high-stability ceramic material is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4.6-7.5 parts of cyclodextrin, 13-18.7 parts of shell powder, 16.6-21.8 parts of epoxy resin powder, 4.4-6.7 parts of silicon carbide, 42-55.5 parts of ceramic waste solids, 8-13.2 parts of magnesium aluminate spinel, 3.3-4.8 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 15-21.6 parts of bentonite, 5-8.2 parts of cactus extract and 15-18.5 parts of butanediol, wherein the cactus extract is prepared by freezing and drying cactus at-12 to-4 ℃ for 1.5-3 hours, then crushing to 30-40 meshes, and then carrying out enzymolysis at the pH value of 4.2-6 and the temperature of 30-42 ℃.
2. The high-stability ceramic material of claim 1, wherein the shell powder has a particle size of 0.25-0.68mm, and the epoxy resin powder has a particle size of 26-48 um.
3. The high-stability ceramic material according to claim 1, wherein the epoxy resin powder comprises at least one of glycidyl ether type epoxy resin, alicyclic type epoxy resin, and glycidyl amine type epoxy resin.
4. The high-stability ceramic material of claim 1, wherein the cactus extract is subjected to an enzymolysis with ultrasonic waves of 40-60W.
5. A method for preparing a high-stability ceramic material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the following steps:
step one, adding shell powder, silicon carbide, ceramic waste solid, bentonite and magnesium aluminate spinel into a ball mill, adding water with the weight of 0.22-0.34 times of the total weight, uniformly ball-milling, and irradiating for 28-42 minutes under the microwave of 120-150W to obtain a first mixture;
adding epoxy resin powder into butanediol and uniformly dispersing by ultrasonic waves to obtain a second mixture;
step three, uniformly mixing cyclodextrin, sodium dodecyl sulfate and cactus extract in a mixer to obtain a third mixture;
step four, uniformly mixing the first mixture, the second mixture and the third mixture in a high-speed mixer, and drying for 2.5-4 hours at 68-105 ℃ by adopting an isostatic pressing process under the pressure of 15-21MPa to obtain a semi-finished product;
and step five, placing the semi-finished product into a sintering furnace, raising the temperature of the sintering furnace from room temperature to 350 ℃ plus of 280 ℃ after 80-120 minutes, then raising the temperature to 580 ℃ plus of 550 ℃ after 90-135 minutes, finally raising the temperature to 940 ℃ plus of 860 ℃ and preserving the temperature for 6-9 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the finished product.
6. The method for preparing a high-stability ceramic material as claimed in claim 5, wherein the mixing speed of the high-speed mixer is 1500-1800rpm, and the mixing temperature of the high-speed mixer is 35-50 ℃.
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| CN105271925B (en) * | 2015-11-01 | 2017-09-26 | 青岛海尔家居集成股份有限公司 | A kind of breathable environment-protective sound-absorbing material of finishing and preparation method thereof |
| CN106699113A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-05-24 | 郑州搜趣信息技术有限公司 | High-wear-resistant special ceramic and preparation method thereof |
| CN106747226A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-31 | 安徽华普环境修复材料科技有限公司 | One kind has excellent water penetration Ceramic water-permeable brick |
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