CN110627512B - Method for preparing foamed ceramic by using water-quenched silicomanganese slag - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing foamed ceramic by using water-quenched silicomanganese slag. Which comprises the following steps: preparing a prepared material, wherein the prepared material mainly comprises the following components in parts by mass: 60-90 parts of silicomanganese slag, 5-20 parts of perlite tailings, 0-10 parts of bentonite, 0-5 parts of kaolin, 0-5 parts of talc, 0.3-0.7 part of foaming agent and 1-2 parts of ceramic dispergator (for wet grinding); mixing and ball-milling the prepared materials uniformly, dry-milling or wet-milling the materials to below 200 meshes, drying and die-filling the materials for molding, putting the grinding tool into a kiln or an electric furnace for high-temperature roasting at the heating rate of 3-10 ℃/min and the foaming temperature of 1090-plus-one 1140 ℃ and carrying out the temperature reduction annealing process after preserving the heat for 0.5-1.5 hours to prepare the foamed ceramic.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for preparing foamed ceramic by using water-quenched silicomanganese slag.
Background
The development of the silicon-manganese alloy industry causes that a large amount of silicon-manganese slag is stacked, not only occupies land resources, but also pollutes surrounding resources, and seriously influences the physical health of residents. The water quenching silicon-manganese slag has short cooling time, contains a large amount of glass bodies and has high activity, and can be used as a cement raw material. Along with the increase of the amount of the slag, a cement plant cannot digest the slag and is influenced by the market supply and demand relationship, the additional value of the silicomanganese slag is lower and lower, and the key for the silicomanganese slag treatment is how to develop the high additional value utilization of the silicomanganese slag. The foamed ceramic as a novel environment-friendly material has a very wide market space in the world. By virtue of the superior performances of light weight, thin body, heat insulation, sound insulation, earthquake resistance, moisture and fire prevention, high strength, good cold and hot stability and the like, the heat-insulation board can be applied to the aspects of external wall heat insulation, building internal baffles, fire-proof isolation strips and the like. The silicomanganese slag is used as a main raw material and introduced into the production process of the foamed ceramic, the sintering temperature of the foamed ceramic can be reduced by doping the silicomanganese slag, the using amount of a foaming agent is reduced, the cost is greatly reduced, and the silicomanganese slag foamed ceramic can obtain the volume weight and the compressive strength reaching the standard through an aluminosilicate glass net structure and a foamed pore structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a method for preparing hair by using water-quenched silicomanganese slagThe method for foaming ceramic, the sintering temperature and the energy cost of the foaming ceramic are reduced by the doping of the silicomanganese slag, the doping amount of the foaming agent is reduced by the deoxidation effect of the manganese element, the production cost is greatly reduced, the compressive strength after foaming is more than 2MPa, and the volume weight is 400-600 (kg/m) 3 ) The technical scheme adopted by the method is as follows:
a method for preparing foamed ceramic by using water-quenched silicomanganese slag is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparing and preparing materials, wherein the prepared materials mainly comprise the following components in parts by mass: 60-90 parts of silicomanganese slag, 5-20 parts of perlite tailings, 0-10 parts of bentonite, 0-5 parts of kaolin, 0-5 parts of talc and 0.3-1.2 parts of foaming agent;
mixing and ball-milling the prepared materials uniformly, dry-milling or wet-milling the materials to below 200 meshes, drying and die-filling the materials for molding, putting a grinding tool into a kiln or an electric furnace for high-temperature roasting, wherein the heating rate is 3-10 ℃/min, the foaming temperature is 1090-plus-one 1140 ℃, and after heat preservation is carried out for 0.5-1.5 hours, carrying out a cooling annealing process to prepare the foamed ceramic; when in wet grinding, the prepared material also comprises 1-2 parts of a ceramic dispergator.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the silicon-manganese slag comprises the components in parts by mass of SiO 2 30-40 parts of Al 2 O 3 10-20 parts of MnO 5-15 parts of CaO 20-30 parts of K 2 1-4 parts of O, 2-7 parts of MgO and Na 2 0-1 part of O, Fe 2 O 3 1-4 parts of silicon-manganese slag, and the loss on ignition is 1-3 parts of other silicon-manganese slag.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the perlite tailings are prepared from the components in parts by mass in SiO 2 70-75 parts of Al 2 O 3 10-14 parts, K 2 O2-6 parts, MgO 0-1 part, Na 2 1-4 parts of O, Fe 2 O 3 0-1 part of perlite tailings, 0-1 part of CaO, and 8-12 parts of loss on ignition.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the bentonite is prepared from the components in parts by mass in SiO 2 68-72 parts of Al 2 O 3 13-17 parts, K 2 1-4 parts of O, 1-3 parts of MgO and Na 2 0-1 part of O, Fe 2 O 3 1-3 parts of CaO, 1-3 parts of loss on ignition and 7-11 parts of othersBentonite in the enclosure.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the kaolin adopts the components in parts by mass in SiO 2 68-72 parts of Al 2 O 3 13-17 parts, K 2 O2-6 parts, MgO 0-1 part, Na 2 0-1 part of O, Fe 2 O 3 1-3 parts of bentonite, 0-1 part of CaO, and the loss on ignition and other bentonite within the range of 8-12 parts.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the talc comprises the following selected components in parts by mass in SiO 2 15-20 parts of MgO 35-45 parts of Al 2 O 3 0 to 1 part, K 2 0 to 1 portion of O, Na 2 0-1 part of O, Fe 2 O 3 0-1 part of CaO, and 30-40 parts of talcum in loss on ignition and other ranges.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the foaming agent is silicon carbide powder.
A foamed ceramic, characterized by: which is prepared by the preparation method.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: can consume a large amount of silicomanganese slag, utilizes resources, reduces sintering temperature and energy cost, reduces the doping amount of a foaming agent by the deoxidation effect of manganese element, greatly reduces production cost, utilizes the glass network structure of aluminosilicate, has the compressive strength of more than 2MPa after foaming, and has the volume weight of 400-600 (kg/m) 3 )。
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples:
example 1:
the method for preparing the foamed ceramic by using the water-quenched silicomanganese slag is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
preparing a prepared material, wherein the prepared material mainly comprises the following components in parts by mass: 60 parts of silicomanganese slag, 20 parts of perlite tailings, 10 parts of bentonite, 5 parts of kaolin, 5 parts of talc and 0.9 part of foaming agent;
weighing the components (raw materials) respectively according to a proportion, crushing large raw materials, mixing and ball-milling to below 200 meshes, putting a grinding tool into a kiln or an electric furnace for high-temperature roasting, controlling the heating rate to be 3-10 ℃/min, controlling the foaming temperature to be 1140 ℃, carrying out a cooling annealing process after heat preservation for 0.5-1.5 hours, and preparing foamed ceramics, wherein when in wet grinding, the prepared materials also comprise 2 parts of a ceramic debonding agent;
the foaming temperature is generally controlled to be about 1140 ℃. Controlling the rate of temperature rise and the temperature and time of foaming optimizes the final foamed height and cell size of the article, which has a very important effect on compressive strength and volume weight. The sintering temperature curve is:
room temperature 30 minutes to 300 ℃ (total time length of uniform speed temperature rise), 50 minutes to 300 ℃ -600 ℃ (total time length of uniform speed temperature rise), 40 minutes to 600 ℃ -900 ℃ (total time length of uniform speed temperature rise), 30 minutes to 900 ℃ -1030 ℃ (total time length of uniform speed temperature rise), 30 minutes to 1030 ℃ -1140 ℃ (total time length of uniform speed temperature rise), 40 minutes to 1140 ℃, 15 minutes to 1140 ℃ (total time length of uniform speed temperature rise), and furnace cooling to 950 ℃ at room temperature.
The existing industrialized foaming temperature curve is room temperature to 300 ℃ for 30 minutes, 300 ℃ to 600 ℃ for 60 minutes, 600 ℃ to 1030 ℃ for 60 minutes, 1030 ℃ to 1170 ℃ for 40 minutes, 1140 ℃ for 60 to 80 minutes, 1170 ℃ to 900 ℃ for 15 to 20 minutes, and 900 ℃ to room temperature furnace cooling.
The preparation of the foamed ceramic by taking the silicomanganese slag as the main material can reduce the final foaming heat preservation temperature (from 1170 to 1140 ℃ or even lower), thus greatly reducing the production cost, but because the manganese element has strong deoxidation effect, the temperature rise rate needs to be reduced at about 900 ℃ in the initial foaming stage, so that the uneven foaming phenomenon can not occur in the early foaming stage, and the uneven foaming can cause the strength of the foamed ceramic to be greatly reduced, which is extremely avoided.
The extremely cold process is provided in the cooling process, so that the silicate glass network structure is rapidly fixed, and the size and uniformity of foaming are kept.
A foamed ceramic, characterized by: it is prepared by the preparation method.
Example 2:
the method for preparing the foamed ceramic by using the water-quenched silicomanganese slag is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
preparing a prepared material, wherein the prepared material mainly comprises the following components in parts by mass: 70 parts of silicomanganese slag, 15 parts of perlite tailings, 5 parts of bentonite, 5 parts of kaolin, 5 parts of talc and 0.6 part of foaming agent;
the components (raw materials) are respectively weighed according to a proportion, large blocks of raw materials need to be crushed, mixed and ball-milled to be below 200 meshes, a grinding tool is placed in a kiln or an electric furnace for high-temperature roasting, the heating rate is 3-10 ℃/min, the foaming temperature is controlled to be 1125 ℃, after heat preservation is carried out for 0.5-1.5 hours, a cooling annealing process is carried out to prepare foamed ceramics, and when in wet grinding, the prepared materials also comprise 1.5 parts of a ceramic dispergator;
the foaming temperature is generally controlled to be about 1125 ℃. Controlling the rate of temperature rise and the temperature and time of foaming optimizes the final foamed height and cell size of the article, which has a very important effect on compressive strength and volume weight. The sintering temperature curve is:
30 minutes at room temperature to 300 ℃, 50 minutes at 300 ℃ to 600 ℃, 40 minutes at 600 ℃ to 900 ℃, 30 minutes at 900 ℃ to 1020 ℃, 30 minutes at 1020 ℃ to 1125 ℃, 40 minutes at 1125 ℃, 15 minutes at 1125 ℃ to 950 ℃ and furnace cooling at 950 ℃ to room temperature.
A foamed ceramic, characterized by: it is prepared by the preparation method.
Example 3:
the method for preparing the foamed ceramic by using the water-quenched silicomanganese slag is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
preparing a prepared material, wherein the prepared material mainly comprises the following components in parts by mass: 80 parts of silicomanganese slag, 10 parts of perlite tailings, 5 parts of bentonite, 2 parts of kaolin, 3 parts of talc and 0.4 part of foaming agent;
the components (raw materials) are respectively weighed according to a proportion, large blocks of raw materials need to be crushed, mixed and ball-milled to be below 200 meshes, a grinding tool is placed in a kiln or an electric furnace for high-temperature roasting, the heating rate is 3-10 ℃/min, the foaming temperature is controlled at 1105 ℃, the temperature is kept for 0.5-1.5 hours, then a cooling annealing process is carried out to prepare foamed ceramics, and when in wet grinding, the prepared materials also comprise 1.2 parts of a ceramic dispergator;
the foaming temperature is generally controlled to about 1105 ℃. Controlling the rate of temperature rise and the temperature and time of foaming optimizes the final foamed height and cell size of the article, which has a very important effect on compressive strength and volume weight. The sintering temperature curve is:
room temperature is 30 minutes to 300 ℃, 300 ℃ to 600 ℃ is 50 minutes, 600 ℃ to 880 ℃ is 40 minutes, 880 ℃ to 1000 ℃ is 30 minutes, 1000 ℃ to 1105 ℃ is 30 minutes, 1105 ℃ is kept for 40 minutes, 1105 ℃ to 900 ℃ is 15 minutes, and 900 ℃ to room temperature furnace cooling is carried out.
A foamed ceramic, characterized by: it is prepared by the preparation method.
Example 4:
the method for preparing the foamed ceramic by using the water-quenched silicomanganese slag is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
preparing a prepared material, wherein the prepared material mainly comprises the following components in parts by mass: 90 parts of silicomanganese slag, 5 parts of perlite tailings, 5 parts of bentonite, 5 parts of kaolin, 5 parts of talc and 0.3 part of foaming agent;
weighing the components (raw materials) respectively according to a proportion, crushing large raw materials, mixing and ball-milling to below 200 meshes, putting a grinding tool into a kiln or an electric furnace for high-temperature roasting, controlling the heating rate to be 3-10 ℃/min, controlling the foaming temperature to be 1095 ℃, carrying out heat preservation for 0.5-1.5 hours, then carrying out a cooling annealing process to prepare foamed ceramics, wherein when in wet grinding, the prepared materials also comprise 1 part of a ceramic debonding agent;
the foaming temperature is generally controlled to be about 1095 ℃. Controlling the rate of temperature rise and the temperature and time of foaming optimizes the final foamed height and cell size of the article, which has a very important effect on compressive strength and volume weight. The sintering temperature curve is:
30 minutes at room temperature to 300 ℃, 50 minutes at 300 ℃ to 600 ℃, 40 minutes at 600 ℃ to 850 ℃, 30 minutes at 850 ℃ to 990 ℃, 30 minutes at 990 ℃ to 1095 ℃, 40 minutes at 1095 ℃, 15 minutes at 1095 ℃ to 900 ℃ and furnace cooling at 900 ℃ to room temperature.
A foamed ceramic, characterized by: it is prepared by the preparation method.
Comparison of the products of the examples:
while there have been shown and described what are at present considered the fundamental principles and essential features of the invention and its advantages, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (6)
1. A method for preparing foamed ceramic by using water-quenched silicomanganese slag is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparing a prepared material, wherein the prepared material mainly comprises the following components in parts by mass: 60-90 parts of silicomanganese slag, 5-20 parts of perlite tailings, 5-10 parts of bentonite, 2-5 parts of kaolin, 3-5 parts of talc and 0.3-1.2 parts of silicon carbide powder; the silicon-manganese slag comprises the components in parts by mass of SiO 2 30-40 parts of Al 2 O 3 10-20 parts of MnO 5-15 parts of CaO 20-30 parts of K 2 1-4 parts of O, 2-7 parts of MgO and Na 2 0-1 part of O, Fe 2 O 3 1-4 parts of silicon-manganese slag, wherein the loss on ignition is 1-3 parts of silicon-manganese slag;
mixing and ball-milling the prepared materials uniformly, dry-milling or wet-milling the materials to below 200 meshes, drying and molding the materials, placing a mold into a kiln or an electric furnace for high-temperature roasting at the heating rate of 3-10 ℃/min, the foaming temperature of 1090-1140 ℃ and carrying out temperature reduction annealing process after heat preservation for 0.5-1.5 hours to prepare the foamed ceramic; when in wet grinding, the prepared material also comprises 1-2 parts of a ceramic dispergator.
2. The method for preparing foamed ceramic by using water-quenched silicomanganese slag as claimed in claim 1, wherein the perlite tailings are prepared from the selected components in parts by weight of SiO 2 70-75 parts of Al 2 O 3 10-14 parts, K 2 O2-6 parts, MgO 0-1 part, Na 2 1-4 parts of O, Fe 2 O 3 0-1 part of perlite tailings, 0-1 part of CaO, and 8-12 parts of loss on ignition.
3. The method for preparing foamed ceramic by using water-quenched silicomanganese slag as claimed in claim 1, wherein said bentonite is selected from the group consisting of SiO in parts by weight 2 68-72 parts of Al 2 O 3 13-17 parts, K 2 1-4 parts of O, 1-3 parts of MgO and Na 2 0-1 part of O, Fe 2 O 3 1-3 parts of CaO, 1-3 parts of bentonite, and the loss on ignition and the other 7-11 parts of bentonite.
4. The method for preparing foamed ceramic by using water-quenched silicomanganese slag as claimed in claim 1, wherein the kaolin comprises SiO as the selected component in parts by mass 2 68-72 parts of Al 2 O 3 13-17 parts, K 2 O2-6 parts, MgO 0-1 part, Na 2 0-1 part of O, Fe 2 O 3 1-3 parts of CaO, 0-1 part of CaO, and 8-12 parts of other kaolin.
5. The method for preparing foamed ceramic by using water-quenched silicomanganese slag as claimed in claim 1, wherein said talc is selected from the group consisting of talc, and magnesiumIn parts of SiO 2 15-20 parts of MgO, 35-45 parts of Al 2 O 3 0 to 1 part, K 2 0 to 1 portion of O, Na 2 0-1 part of O, Fe 2 O 3 0-1 part of CaO, 0-1 part of loss on ignition and 30-40 parts of talcum.
6. A foamed ceramic, characterized by: the ceramic foam is prepared by the method for preparing the foam ceramic by using the water-quenched silicomanganese slag according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
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