CN113061048B - Foamed ceramics with high fire resistance - Google Patents
Foamed ceramics with high fire resistance Download PDFInfo
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- CN113061048B CN113061048B CN202110289822.6A CN202110289822A CN113061048B CN 113061048 B CN113061048 B CN 113061048B CN 202110289822 A CN202110289822 A CN 202110289822A CN 113061048 B CN113061048 B CN 113061048B
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- silicon carbide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/02—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by adding chemical blowing agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/08—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by adding porous substances
- C04B38/085—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by adding porous substances of micro- or nanosize
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
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- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
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- Structural Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a foamed ceramic with high fire resistance, and belongs to the technical field of foamed ceramics. Solve the problem ofThe existing foamed ceramic has low fire resistance and cannot reach the national standard, and the foamed ceramic with high fire resistance is prepared by utilizing a composite silicon carbide foaming agent, wherein the composite silicon carbide foaming agent is formed by mixing silicon carbide micro powder and expanded perlite micro powder according to the mass ratio of 1: 10-150; the expansion multiple of the expanded perlite micropowder is 15 to 30 times, and the density is 0.1 to 0.3g/cm 3 . The fire resistance limit of the foamed ceramic is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to foamed ceramic with high fire resistance, and belongs to the technical field of foamed ceramic.
Background
The foamed ceramics produced by the traditional production process at the present stage have serious quality shortboards, the fire endurance is in accordance with the requirements of the national standard GB/T23451, and the fire endurance of the common partition wall needs to reach 1 hour or more; according to the traditional process at the present stage and the foamed ceramics produced by the traditional foaming agent, a common fire endurance test is tested according to standard requirements for about 20 minutes, and the foamed ceramic plate can be subjected to heat cracking, because the traditional foamed ceramics are mostly closed-pore materials, after the structure is heated, especially rapidly heated, heat cannot be effectively transferred, gas in a closed pore is rapidly expanded when being heated, and a foam wall cannot bear gas pressure, so that the constraint is broken, and the foamed plate is broken. This drawback has a serious adverse effect on the market promotion of the new building material, foamed ceramic.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a foamed ceramic with high fire resistance.
The foamed ceramic with high fire resistance is prepared by utilizing a composite silicon carbide foaming agent, wherein the composite silicon carbide foaming agent is formed by mixing silicon carbide micro powder and expanded perlite micro powder according to the mass ratio of 1: 10-150; the expansion multiple of the expanded perlite micropowder is 15 to 30 times, and the density is 0.1 to 0.3g/cm 3 。
The perlite ore is crushed into ore sand with certain granularity, the ore sand is preheated, roasted and rapidly heated (more than 1000 ℃), water in the ore sand is vaporized, and the ore sand is expanded in the softened ore sand containing glass to form a nonmetal ore product with a porous structure and expanded volume, and the perlite is divided into three forms according to different expansion process technologies and purposes: open pore, closed pore and hollow pore, and the expansion multiple is controlled to be 15-30 times and the density is controlled to be 0.1-0.3g/cm 3 The formed expanded perlite micropowder has open pores and is neutralizedThe holes are mainly hollow and contain a small amount of closed holes. The present invention limits the number of open, closed and hollow cells by controlling the expansion factor and density.
The expanded perlite micro powder is formed into a large number of open holes and hollow holes because the structure can effectively transfer heat and prevent heat accumulation, so that the material is protected from stress concentration caused by heat concentration, and meanwhile, after the structure is heated, gas in the holes expands and can be effectively discharged, so that the phenomenon that a foamed plate is broken because a foam wall cannot bear gas pressure and then breaks constraint is avoided.
The water absorption rate of the expanded perlite micropowder is more than 50 percent.
If the expanded perlite micropowder forms closed pores, water can not flow out through the material and only stays on the surface of the material, the water absorption rate of the expanded perlite micropowder is extremely low, and when the expanded perlite micropowder forms open pores and hollow pores, the water can smoothly flow out through the surface of the material and through the body of the material.
Furthermore, the addition amount of the composite silicon carbide foaming agent is 0.2-0.4% of the foamed ceramic raw material.
Further, the particle size of the silicon carbide micro powder is larger than 800 meshes, the maximum particle size of D3 is less than or equal to 20 μm, D50=14 +/-1 μm, and D94 is more than or equal to 9.0.
The particle size can ensure the foaming uniformity of the material, the higher the foaming uniformity, the more excellent the structure of the material and the more excellent each performance
Furthermore, the content of the silicon carbide in the silicon carbide micro powder is more than or equal to 98 percent, and the content of the ferric oxide is less than or equal to 0.2 percent.
Further, the expanded perlite micropowder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 2 2 70-75%，Al 2 O 3 20-25% ，CaO 1-4%，K 2 O 1-3%，Na 2 O 1-3%，Fe 2 O 3 0.1-5.0%，MgO 1-4%。
The component content of the expanded perlite micropowder is limited to ensure the stability of the expanded perlite micropowder in the production process, the silicon and the aluminum are too low, the material structure is unstable, the structure is damaged after heating, the silicon and the aluminum are too high, the fire resistance is high, but the combination degree of the material cannot be ensured.
Furthermore, the refractoriness of the expanded perlite micro powder is more than or equal to 1380 ℃.
Furthermore, the refractoriness of the foamed ceramic is more than or equal to 90 min.
The refractoriness of the untreated foamed ceramic in the prior art is generally 17-20 minutes, and the refractoriness of the foamed ceramic can reach over 90 minutes, so that the fire resistance limit is greatly improved. The closed holes have high strength, and the open holes and the hollow holes have good heat dissipation effects, so that the purpose of improving the fire resistance limit of the foamed ceramic is realized by combining the closed holes and the hollow holes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the production cost is reduced: the foaming ceramic uses the composite silicon carbide foaming agent, and the using amount of the foaming agent is far lower than that of the traditional foaming agent, so that the production cost investment of the foaming agent is reduced;
(2) improving the fire resistance limit: the fire resistance of the invention can reach more than 90min, which is obviously superior to the foamed ceramics produced by the traditional foaming agent and can meet the requirement of national standard on the fire resistance limit performance;
(3) improving the thermal shock resistance: because a certain amount of open holes, hollow holes and prefabricated microcracks exist, the invention can better resist the thermal stress generated by sudden temperature rise and sudden temperature drop;
(4) the productivity is improved: the foamed ceramic has good thermal shock resistance, relatively loose requirements in cooling annealing and properly improved cooling rate, so the production efficiency is correspondingly improved.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
Example 1
The foamed ceramic with high fire resistance is prepared by utilizing a composite silicon carbide foaming agent, and the composite silicon carbide is foamedThe addition of the agent is 0.2 percent of the raw material of the foamed ceramic, and the composite silicon carbide foaming agent is formed by mixing silicon carbide micro powder with the silicon carbide content of 98.8 percent and the ferric oxide content of 0.10 percent and expanded perlite micro powder with the refractoriness of 1400 ℃ according to the mass ratio of 1: 10; the expansion multiple of the expanded perlite micropowder is 15 times, and the density is 0.3g/cm 3 。
The particle size of the silicon carbide micro powder is 800 meshes, the maximum particle size of D3 is less than or equal to 20 mu m, D50=14 +/-1 mu m, and D94 is more than or equal to 9.0.
The expanded perlite micro powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 2 2 70%，Al 2 O 3 25% ，CaO 1%，K 2 O 1%，Na 2 O 1%，Fe 2 O 3 1%，MgO 1%。
The fire resistance of the foamed ceramic with high fire resistance properties can then reach 95 min.
Example 2
The foamed ceramic with high fire resistance is prepared by utilizing a composite silicon carbide foaming agent, the addition amount of the composite silicon carbide foaming agent is 0.4 percent of the raw material of the foamed ceramic, and the composite silicon carbide foaming agent is prepared by mixing silicon carbide micro powder with the silicon carbide content of 98.5 percent and the ferric oxide content of 0.12 percent and expanded perlite micro powder with the fire resistance of 1450 ℃ according to the mass ratio of 1: 100; the expansion multiple of the expanded perlite micropowder is 25 times, and the density is 0.2g/cm 3 。
The particle size of the silicon carbide micro powder is 900 meshes, the maximum particle size of D3 is less than or equal to 20 mu m, D50=14 +/-1 mu m, and D94 is more than or equal to 9.0.
The expanded perlite micro powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 2 2 75%，Al 2 O 3 20% ，CaO 1.2%，K 2 O 1.1%，Na 2 O 1.2%，Fe 2 O 3 0.1%，MgO 1.4%。
The refractory limit of the foamed ceramic with high refractory properties can then be up to 92 min.
Example 3
The foamed ceramic with high fire resistance is prepared by utilizing a composite silicon carbide foaming agent, and the composite silicon carbide foaming agent is compounded with silicon carbideThe addition amount of the foaming agent is 0.3 percent of the raw material of the foaming ceramic, and the composite silicon carbide foaming agent is formed by mixing silicon carbide micro powder with the silicon carbide content of 98.3 percent and ferric oxide of 0.15 percent and expanded perlite micro powder with the refractoriness of 1420 ℃ according to the mass ratio of 1: 150; the expansion multiple of the expanded perlite micropowder is 30 times, and the density is 0.1g/cm 3 。
The particle size of the silicon carbide micro powder is 900 meshes, the maximum particle size of D3 is less than or equal to 20 mu m, D50=14 +/-1 mu m, and D94 is more than or equal to 9.0.
The expanded perlite micro powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 2 2 71%，Al 2 O 3 20% ，CaO 2.2%，K 2 O 1.5%，Na 2 O 2.3%，Fe 2 O 3 1.5%，MgO 1.4%，TiO 2 0.1%。
The refractory limit of the foamed ceramic with high refractory properties can then be up to 100 min.
Example 4
The foamed ceramic with high fire resistance is prepared by utilizing a composite silicon carbide foaming agent, the addition amount of the composite silicon carbide foaming agent is 0.2-0.4% of the raw material of the foamed ceramic, and the composite silicon carbide foaming agent is prepared by mixing silicon carbide micro powder with the silicon carbide content of more than or equal to 98%, ferric oxide of less than or equal to 0.2% and expanded perlite micro powder with the fire resistance of more than or equal to 1380 ℃ according to the mass ratio of 1: 10-150; the expansion multiple of the expanded perlite micropowder is 15-30 times, and the density is 0.1-0.3g/cm 3 。
The particle size of the silicon carbide micro powder is 1000 meshes, the maximum particle size of D3 is less than or equal to 20 mu m, D50=14 +/-1 mu m, and D94 is more than or equal to 9.0.
The expanded perlite micropowder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 2 2 70%，Al 2 O 3 20% ，CaO 1%，K 2 O 1%，Na 2 O 1%，Fe 2 O 3 5.0%，MgO 2%。
The refractory limit of the foamed ceramic with high refractory performance can reach more than 90 min.
Claims (3)
1. A foamed ceramic having high fire resistance, characterized in that:the foaming agent is prepared by using a composite silicon carbide foaming agent, wherein the composite silicon carbide foaming agent is prepared by mixing silicon carbide micro powder and expanded perlite micro powder according to the mass ratio of 1: 10-150; the expansion multiple of the expanded perlite micropowder is 15-30 times, and the density is 0.1-0.3g/cm 3 The addition amount of the composite silicon carbide foaming agent is 0.2-0.4% of the raw material of the foamed ceramic, the refractoriness of the expanded perlite micro powder is more than or equal to 1380 ℃, and the refractory limit of the foamed ceramic is more than or equal to 90 min.
2. The foamed ceramic having high fire resistance according to claim 1, wherein: the content of silicon carbide in the silicon carbide micro powder is more than or equal to 98 percent, and the content of ferric oxide is less than or equal to 0.2 percent.
3. The foamed ceramic having high fire resistance according to claim 1, wherein: the expanded perlite micro powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 2 2 70-75%，Al 2 O 3 20-25% ，CaO 1-4%，K 2 O 1-3%，Na 2 O 1-3%，Fe 2 O 3 0.1-5.0%，MgO 1-4%。
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH01317705A (en) * | 1988-06-20 | 1989-12-22 | Inax Corp | Production of foamed ceramic product |
| CN110526681A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-12-03 | 福建德胜新建材有限公司 | A kind of high fire endurance foamed ceramic and preparation method thereof |
| CN110606755A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2019-12-24 | 广西泓尚科技有限责任公司 | Production method of foamed ceramic with high fire-resistant limit performance |
| CN110627479B (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2022-08-05 | 青岛青力环保设备有限公司 | Method for preparing foamed ceramic by using water-quenched nickel-iron slag |
| CN110627512B (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2022-08-26 | 青岛青力环保设备有限公司 | Method for preparing foamed ceramic by using water-quenched silicomanganese slag |
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