CN108101506B - Black porcelain product and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Black porcelain product and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3418—Silicon oxide, silicic acids, or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. silica sol, fused silica, silica fume, cristobalite, quartz or flint
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- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
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- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
- C04B2235/9646—Optical properties
- C04B2235/9661—Colour
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Abstract
The invention particularly relates to a black porcelain product and a manufacturing method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of ceramic products. The black porcelain product comprises the following components in parts by mass: 100 parts of mineral raw materials, 20-30 parts of black mud, 12-15 parts of porcelain sand, 3-4 parts of water glass and 27-45 parts of black pigment; wherein the mineral raw material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 57-60% of kaolin, 25-27% of high clay, 9-12% of quartz and the balance of feldspar; the porcelain sand is waste ceramic chip powder which does not influence color. The formula is reasonable, the manufacturing method is simple, and the obtained black porcelain product has pure color, good compactness, high strength, small brittleness and difficult fracture.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ceramic products, and particularly relates to a black ceramic product and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The black porcelain is also called Tianmu porcelain, and porcelain with black high-temperature glaze is an ancient porcelain making process and is one of common glaze colors of common household utensils in folk. The existing black porcelain production process generally applies black glaze outside a blank, and the black glaze mainly increases the content of iron oxide, however, the addition of the iron oxide can generate certain adverse effects on the properties of porcelain such as strength and the like. Other prior art techniques also suffer from more or less deficiencies.
The invention has application number of 201510963321.6 and is named as 'a black porcelain and a preparation method thereof', wherein the black porcelain is prepared by taking 20-30 parts of feldspar, 30-40 parts of quartz sand, 5-10 parts of talcum, 5-8 parts of kaolin, 10-20 parts of Laiyang soil, 5-10 parts of flint clay, 8-16 parts of pyrophyllite, 3-7 parts of aluminum silicate, 2-4 parts of carbon black, 1-3 parts of calcium carbide and 4-6 parts of potassium manganate as raw materials. The black ceramic is toned by carbon black, but the percentage of the carbon black is less than 5 percent, so that whether the obtained black ceramic has pure color is to be investigated, and in addition, the strength is high, the brittleness is small, and no data support exists.
In the invention with the application number of 201410309800.1 and the name of 'black ceramic material and preparation method thereof', mineral tailings and vanadium extraction tailings are used as raw materials to be sintered into ceramic, and the obtained black ceramic material is used for absorbing solar energy. The preparation method is complicated, and the prepared black ceramic material is slightly rough in texture and is not suitable for preparing artware, and the method is mainly used for comprehensively utilizing two industrial wastes of mineral dressing tailings and vanadium extraction tailings and solving the pollution problem.
Therefore, the invention aims to research a black porcelain product which is prepared by reasonable formula and simple operation and has the advantages of pure color, small brittleness, difficult fracture and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a black porcelain product and a manufacturing method thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a black porcelain product comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of mineral raw materials, 20-30 parts of black mud, 12-15 parts of porcelain sand, 3-4 parts of water glass and 27-45 parts of black pigment; wherein the mineral raw material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 57-60% of kaolin, 25-27% of high clay, 9-12% of quartz and the balance of feldspar; the porcelain sand is waste ceramic chip powder which does not influence color.
Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in parts by mass: 100 parts of mineral raw materials, 24 parts of black mud, 15 parts of porcelain sand, 3 parts of water glass and 32 parts of black pigment.
Preferably, the mineral raw material comprises, by weight, 60% of kaolin, 25% of high clay, 10% of quartz and 5% of feldspar.
The manufacturing method of the black porcelain product comprises the following steps:
1) selecting high-quality mineral raw materials, and mixing the components except the black material according to a formula;
2) carrying out water ball milling on the uniformly mixed material in the step 1) for 30h, wherein the grinding fineness is 250 meshes;
3) adding the black material into the ground slurry, and uniformly stirring at 300-400 r/min;
4) carrying out filter pressing and pugging on the slurry obtained in the previous step;
5) and sintering at 1250-1350 ℃ after molding and blank loading to obtain the black porcelain product.
Preferably, the black material in the step 3) is TZ1612 dark cobalt black or TZ1637 cobalt black, and the fineness is 300-400 meshes.
Preferably, the water content of the slurry in the step 4) is less than 15% after pressure filtration.
Preferably, the firing temperature of the black porcelain in the step 5) is 1300 ℃, and the specific temperature rise process is as follows: heating to 200 ℃ within 2.5h, continuing to heat to 500 ℃ within 3h, then heating to 800 ℃ within 2.5h, then heating to 1100 ℃ within 2h, then heating to 1300 ℃ within 2.5h, and finally keeping the temperature of 1300 ℃ constant for 0.5 h.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
firstly, the black mud has a reasonable formula, wherein the black mud has strong viscosity, all components are fully contacted and are not easy to delaminate in the process of uniformly mixing the materials, and meanwhile, in order to avoid the negative influence caused by overlarge viscosity among the raw materials, the water glass is added for debonding;
secondly, the black pigment is TZ1612 deep cobalt black or TZ1637 cobalt black, the fineness is 300-400 meshes, the fired black pigment is not spotted due to lack of covering power caused by insufficient crushing, and the flowability is not too high due to too fine powder, and meanwhile, the black pigment is pure in black and good in compactness due to the reinforcement of black mud to the black;
thirdly, the invention has simple operation, especially good control of firing temperature through reasonable formula, and the prepared black porcelain has high strength, small brittleness and difficult fracture;
fourthly, the waste ceramic flake powder is used in the formula, so that waste is turned into wealth, the pollution problem is well solved, and the environment-friendly effect is achieved.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to examples, but the present invention should not be construed as being limited thereto. The raw materials used in the present invention may be commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
A black porcelain product comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of mineral raw materials, 20 parts of black mud, 12 parts of porcelain sand, 3 parts of water glass and 27 parts of black pigment; wherein the mineral raw material comprises 58 wt% of kaolin, 25 wt% of high-viscosity soil, 12 wt% of quartz and 5 wt% of feldspar; the porcelain sand is waste ceramic chip powder which does not influence color.
The manufacturing method of the black porcelain product comprises the following steps:
1) selecting high-quality mineral raw materials, and mixing the components except the black material according to a formula;
2) carrying out water ball milling on the uniformly mixed material in the step 1) for 30h, wherein the grinding fineness is 250 meshes;
3) adding black material TZ1612 deep cobalt black with the fineness of 300 meshes into the ground slurry, and uniformly stirring at 300 r/min;
4) carrying out filter pressing on the slurry obtained in the previous step, wherein the water content of the slurry after filter pressing is less than 15%, and then carrying out pugging;
5) sintering at 1250 ℃ after forming and blank loading, wherein the specific temperature rise process is as follows: firstly heating from room temperature to 500 ℃ within 6h, then continuously heating to 1100 ℃ within 5h, then heating to 1250 ℃ within 2.5h, and finally keeping the temperature of 1250 ℃ for 0.5h to obtain the black porcelain product.
Example 2
A black porcelain product comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of mineral raw materials, 24 parts of black mud, 15 parts of porcelain sand, 3 parts of water glass and 32 parts of black pigment; wherein the mineral raw material comprises 60 percent of kaolin, 25 percent of high clay, 10 percent of quartz and 5 percent of feldspar by weight; the porcelain sand is waste ceramic chip powder which does not influence color.
The manufacturing method of the black porcelain product comprises the following steps:
1) selecting high-quality mineral raw materials, and mixing the components except the black material according to a formula;
2) carrying out water ball milling on the uniformly mixed material in the step 1) for 30h, wherein the grinding fineness is 250 meshes;
3) adding a black material TZ1612 deep cobalt black with the fineness of 400 meshes into the ground slurry, and uniformly stirring at 400 r/min;
4) carrying out filter pressing on the slurry obtained in the previous step, wherein the water content of the slurry after filter pressing is less than 15%, and then carrying out pugging;
5) sintering at 1300 ℃ after forming and blank loading, wherein the specific temperature rise process is as follows: heating to 200 ℃ within 2.5h, continuing heating to 500 ℃ within 3h, then heating to 800 ℃ within 2.5h, heating to 1100 ℃ within 2h, then heating to 1300 ℃ within 2.5h, and finally keeping the temperature of 1300 ℃ for 0.5h to obtain the black porcelain product.
Example 3
A black porcelain product comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of mineral raw materials, 30 parts of black mud, 15 parts of porcelain sand, 4 parts of water glass and 45 parts of black materials; wherein the mineral raw material comprises 60 percent of kaolin, 27 percent of high clay, 9 percent of quartz and 4 percent of feldspar by weight; the porcelain sand is waste ceramic chip powder which does not influence color.
The manufacturing method of the black porcelain product comprises the following steps:
1) selecting high-quality mineral raw materials, and mixing the components except the black material according to a formula;
2) carrying out water ball milling on the uniformly mixed material in the step 1) for 30h, wherein the grinding fineness is 250 meshes;
3) adding a black pigment TZ1637 cobalt black with the fineness of 400 meshes into the ground slurry, and uniformly stirring at 350 r/min;
4) carrying out filter pressing on the slurry obtained in the previous step, wherein the water content of the slurry after filter pressing is less than 15%, and then carrying out pugging;
5) sintering at 1350 ℃ after forming and blank loading, wherein the specific temperature rise process is as follows: heating from room temperature to 500 ℃ within 5h, then continuously heating to 900 ℃ within 3h, then heating to 1350 ℃ within 3h, and finally keeping the temperature of 1350 ℃ for 0.5h to obtain the black porcelain product.
Comparative example 1
The rest is the same as example 2, except that there are no two components of black mud and water glass.
Comparative example 2
The rest was the same as example 2 except that iron oxide was used as the black material.
Comparative example 3
The black porcelain obtained in example 1 of the invention entitled "a black porcelain and a method for producing the same" having application number 201510963321.6.
Performance testing
The products obtained in examples 1 to 3 of the present invention and comparative examples 1 to 3 were subjected to the performance test, and the results are shown in the following table:
table 1 product Performance test data
| Test items | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 |
| Degree of blackness of color | 0.9 | 0.95 | 0.92 | 0.85 | 0.87 | 0.85 |
| Flaw point | ≤1 | ≤1 | ≤1 | ≤2 | ≤3 | ≤3 |
| strength/MPa | 158 | 166 | 162 | 150 | 148 | 145 |
As can be seen from the table above, the black porcelain product of the invention has pure color, good compactness, high strength, small brittleness and difficult fracture.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
1. The black porcelain product is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass: 100 parts of mineral raw materials, 20-30 parts of black mud, 12-15 parts of porcelain sand, 3-4 parts of water glass and 27-45 parts of black pigment; wherein the mineral raw material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 57-60% of kaolin, 25-27% of high clay, 9-12% of quartz and the balance of feldspar; the porcelain sand is waste ceramic chip powder which does not influence the color;
wherein the black material is TZ1612 dark cobalt black or TZ1637 cobalt black, and the fineness is 300-400 meshes.
2. The black porcelain product according to claim 1, comprising the following components in parts by mass: 100 parts of mineral raw materials, 24 parts of black mud, 15 parts of porcelain sand, 3 parts of water glass and 32 parts of black pigment.
3. The black porcelain product according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mineral raw material comprises, by weight, 60% of kaolin, 25% of high clay, 10% of quartz, and 5% of feldspar.
4. The method of making a black porcelain article of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
1) selecting high-quality mineral raw materials, and mixing the components except the black material according to a formula;
2) carrying out water ball milling on the uniformly mixed material in the step 1) for 30h, wherein the grinding fineness is 250 meshes;
3) adding the black material into the ground slurry, and uniformly stirring at 300-400 r/min;
4) carrying out filter pressing and pugging on the slurry obtained in the previous step;
5) and sintering at 1250-150 ℃ after molding and blank loading to obtain the black porcelain product.
5. The method for manufacturing the black porcelain product according to claim 4, wherein the water content of the slurry obtained in the step 4) after filter pressing is less than 15%.
6. The method for manufacturing the black porcelain product according to claim 4, wherein the firing temperature of the black porcelain in the step 5) is 1300 ℃, and the specific temperature rise process is as follows: heating to 200 ℃ within 2.5h, continuing to heat to 500 ℃ within 3h, then heating to 800 ℃ within 2.5h, then heating to 1100 ℃ within 2h, then heating to 1300 ℃ within 2.5h, and finally keeping the temperature of 1300 ℃ constant for 0.5 h.
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| CN109020497A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2018-12-18 | 王瑞 | A kind of preparation method of Unglazed ceramic device |
| CN111285664B (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2022-04-26 | 湖南华联瓷业股份有限公司 | Heat-resistant antique iron crude pottery and preparation method thereof |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1095700A (en) * | 1993-05-27 | 1994-11-30 | 南海市南庄陶瓷工贸集团公司 | A kind of manufacture method and goods thereof of black ceramic goods raw material |
| CN101261051A (en) * | 2007-03-08 | 2008-09-10 | 曹树梁 | Black ceramic composite ceramic sun plate |
| CN101696125A (en) * | 2009-11-02 | 2010-04-21 | 景德镇陶瓷学院 | Method for preparing cobalt-free black ceramic pigment by using copper ore tailings and product manufactured by using same |
| CN106495746A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-03-15 | 潮州三环（集团）股份有限公司 | A kind of black ceramic and the method for increase black ceramic blackness |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1095700A (en) * | 1993-05-27 | 1994-11-30 | 南海市南庄陶瓷工贸集团公司 | A kind of manufacture method and goods thereof of black ceramic goods raw material |
| CN101261051A (en) * | 2007-03-08 | 2008-09-10 | 曹树梁 | Black ceramic composite ceramic sun plate |
| CN101696125A (en) * | 2009-11-02 | 2010-04-21 | 景德镇陶瓷学院 | Method for preparing cobalt-free black ceramic pigment by using copper ore tailings and product manufactured by using same |
| CN106495746A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-03-15 | 潮州三环（集团）股份有限公司 | A kind of black ceramic and the method for increase black ceramic blackness |
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