CN108668958A - Artificial domestication method for migratory wild fishes in colony - Google Patents
Artificial domestication method for migratory wild fishes in colony Download PDFInfo
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- CN108668958A CN108668958A CN201810281114.6A CN201810281114A CN108668958A CN 108668958 A CN108668958 A CN 108668958A CN 201810281114 A CN201810281114 A CN 201810281114A CN 108668958 A CN108668958 A CN 108668958A
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- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 230000001617 migratory effect Effects 0.000 title abstract 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 claims description 14
- 241001677838 Cyprinus carpio nudus Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000876433 Acipenser dabryanus Species 0.000 description 5
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241001214262 Cheimarrichthys fosteri Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000252233 Cyprinus carpio Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001439627 Schistostoma Species 0.000 description 2
- 206010052804 Drug tolerance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000361919 Metaphire sieboldi Species 0.000 description 1
- MKYBYDHXWVHEJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[1-oxo-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propan-2-yl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(C(C)NC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 MKYBYDHXWVHEJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000686 essence Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000026781 habituation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009342 intercropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an artificial domestication method of colony migratory wild fishes, which comprises the following steps: carrying out mixed culture on the artificially domesticated predacious fishes and the temporarily domesticated wild fishes according to a certain quantity proportion in a domestication pond, observing the proportion of the opening ingestion of the wild fishes during the domestication period, and indicating that the domestication is finished when the proportion exceeds more than 90 percent, wherein the predacious fishes and the wild fishes to be domesticated are non-murder carnivorous fishes and have cluster migration behaviors, and the life habits of the predacious fishes are similar to or identical to that of the wild fishes to be domesticated and have similar specification and size; the invention leads the wild fishes to be domesticated to be rapidly fed with the artificial feed by adding the feeding fishes, thereby rapidly completing the artificial domestication with low mortality and short domestication period.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rare Endemic fish artificial breeding field more particularly to a kind of people of mass migration wild fish
Work domesticating method.
Background technology
In recent years, leading to the Yangtze river basin due to water pollution, large hydraulic engineering construction and overfishing etc.
Wild fish resources amount drastically declines.According to environmental requirement, after many large hydraulic engineerings are built, corresponding environmental protection need to be taken to arrange
It applies.Currently, enhancement releasing is important one of environmental protection measure, wherein most of type of enhancement releasing fry all has cluster
Migration behavior, wild type are difficult to tame.However, the artificial domestication for completing wild fish is the most base for reaching enhancement releasing purpose
Plinth sport technique segment, some kinds of stock number drastically decline, and force that artificial propagation is rapidly completed is particularly important.
Currently, for the research of wild fish domesticating method, carried out to the condition of raising and train of different wild fish
Research is groped, and is found the best of different wild fish and is raised and train condition, such as 1 (Patent No. of documents
" CN201610467546.7 ") a kind of domesticating method of wild Lhasa schizothoracin is disclosed, though this method can be raised and train
Good fish, though this domesticating method is simple, operability is strong, and entire process time of raising and train needs 1 year or more, raises and train week
Phase is longer, and the death rate opposite can rise;Documents 2 (Patent No. " ZL201510131698.5 ") disclose a kind of torrent
The domesticating method of fish, the documents add using the acipenser dabryanus for cultivating 1~5 age first filial generation in aquaculture pond and wait raising and train
Torrent fish cultivated, so that acipenser dabryanus and torrent fish is carried out the method for mixing intercropping, complete torrent fish and tame and docile
It supports.Although this method can reduce the stress reaction of wild fish, prevents ich and improve survival rate, many proliferation are put
Stream station does not have the cultivating condition of acipenser dabryanus, and increasing acipenser dabryanus cultivation can cause to raise and train the raising of cost, and entirely raise and train
Process time needs 1 year or more, raises and train that the period is longer, and the death rate opposite can rise.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to overcome the defect of the prior art, a kind of the artificial of mass migration wild fish is provided
Domesticating method leads ichthyophagy class to make it that wild fish fast opening to be raised and train be led to ingest man-made feeds, completes people by addition
Work is raised and train, and the death rate is low, and it is short to raise and train the period, and artificial domestication is rapidly completed.
The invention is realized in this way:
The present invention provides a kind of artificial domestication method of mass migration wild fish, specifically comprises the following steps:
Step 1 temporarily supports the wild fish to be raised and train captured from field;
Step 2 prepares the good neck ichthyophagy class of close with wild fish life habit to be raised and train or identical artificial domestication,
The piscivorous temperature of cultivation of the neck raised and train is adjusted to consistent with wild fish water temperature to be raised and train temporarily is supported, wherein the neck
Ichthyophagy class is non-violent predacious fish with wild fish to be raised and train, and all has mass migration behavior;
Step 3, high-ranking military officer's ichthyophagy class and the wild fish after temporarily supporting are raised together according to certain amount ratio in raising and train pond, often
Day feeds man-made feeds;
Step 4 during raising and train, observes the ratio of wild fish initial feeding, waits for that ratio is more than 90% or more, explanation is raised and train
It completes, that is, terminates to raise and train.
The device have the advantages that:The present invention provides a kind of artificial domestication method of mass migration wild fish,
Need not have acipenser dabryanus cultivating condition, meanwhile, lead wild fish fast opening simultaneously using the neck ichthyophagy class of domestication
It ingests man-made feeds, can effectively reduce the death rate, artificial domestication be rapidly completed, and the death rate is extremely low, wherein with wild fish
The optional type of the neck ichthyophagy class of similar life habit is more, easily obtains.The method operating process is simple and practicable, it is easy to promote, and
And it is suitble to the artificial domestication of most of mass migration fish.It can be said that it has a variety of advantages, particularly suitable for
It is promoted and applied in this field, significance of scientific research is great.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment 1
In 2017, in taking food as usual power station fish multiplication pouring station, with presently disclosed method to wild spring fish into
Artificial domestication is gone.
The type of selection neck ichthyophagy first, for the lip of artificial domesticationIts life habit is close with spring fish;It collects
Wild spring fish, after disinfecting, selecting not damaged individual, totally 75 tail, overall length are temporarily supported in 180mm~380mm.Temporarily foster
The water quality conditions such as water temperature, pH and wild environment are not much different, wherein and water temperature range is 16~19 DEG C, pH ranging from pH 7.5~
7.8, water flow DO are more than 7.0mg/L.During temporarily supporting, the piscivorous temperature of cultivation of the neck raised and train is adjusted to open country to be raised and train
Raw fish water temperature is consistent;After temporarily supporting 5 days, start artificial domestication:Select neck ichthyophagy lip25 tails, overall length in 180mm~380mm,
Raised together with the wild spring fish of 75 tails, feed heavy property man-made feeds daily 2 times, feed ratio be fish total weight 0.5~
1%, wherein the heavy property of man-made feeds is relatively strong easily to be sunk to the bottom convenient for waiting that raising and train wild spring fish ingests.
After this method raises and train 40 days, the wild spring fish of 68 tails i.e. 90.67% starts man-made feeds of ingesting, and raises and train the phase
Between spring fish without death.
Embodiment 2
It is naked to wild Songpan with presently disclosed method in Mao Er lids power station fish multiplication pouring station in 2015
Carp has carried out artificial domestication.
The type of selection neck ichthyophagy first, for the neat mouth schizothoracin of artificial domestication, life habit and Songpan naked carp phase
Closely;Wild Songpan naked carp is collected, after disinfecting, selects not damaged individual totally 124 tail, overall length is carried out in 150mm~300mm
Temporarily support.Temporarily the water quality conditions such as foster water temperature, pH and wild environment are not much different, wherein water temperature range is 15~17 DEG C, pH ranges
It is more than 7.0mg/L for pH 7.3~7.8, water flow DO.During temporarily supporting, the piscivorous temperature of cultivation of the neck raised and train is adjusted
It is consistent to wild fish water temperature to be raised and train;After temporarily supporting 3 days, start artificial domestication:Select neck neat 40 tail of mouth schizothoracin of ichthyophagy, overall length
It in 150mm~300mm, is raised together with the wild Songpan naked carp of 124 tails, feeds water earthworm daily 1 time, man-made feeds 1 time are fed
Ratio is the 0.5~1% of fish total weight, wherein the heavy property of man-made feeds relatively it is strong easily sink to the bottom it is naked convenient for waiting raising and train wild Songpan
Carp ingests.
After this method raises and train 30 days, wild Songpan naked carp of 112 tails i.e. 90.32% starts man-made feeds of ingesting, and tames and dociles
Songpan naked carp is without death during supporting.
Embodiment 3
In 2012, in the power stations A Hai fish multiplication pouring station, with presently disclosed method to wild neat schistostoma abdomen
Fish has carried out artificial domestication.
The type of selection neck ichthyophagy first, for the short hairs schizothoracin of artificial domestication, life habit and neat mouth schizothoracin
It is close;Collect wild neat mouth schizothoracin, after disinfecting, select not damaged individual totally 145 tail, overall length in 150mm~300mm,
Temporarily supported.Temporarily the water quality conditions such as foster water temperature, pH and wild environment are not much different, wherein water temperature range is 16~18 DEG C, pH
Ranging from pH 7.4~7.8, water flow DO are more than 7.0mg/L.During temporarily supporting, by the piscivorous temperature of cultivation of the neck raised and train
It is consistent to be adjusted to wild fish water temperature to be raised and train;After temporarily supporting 3 days, start artificial domestication.45 tail of neck ichthyophagy short hairs schizothoracin is selected,
Overall length is raised together with the wild neat mouth schizothoracin of 145 tails in 150mm~300mm, feeds heavy property man-made feeds daily 2 times, fed
Ratio is the 0.5~1% of fish total weight, wherein the heavy property of man-made feeds is relatively strong easily to be sunk to the bottom convenient for waiting raising and train wild neat schistostoma
Abdomen fish ingests.
After this method raises and train 20 days, the wild neat mouth schizothoracin of 132 tails i.e. 91.03% starts man-made feeds of ingesting,
Neat mouth schizothoracin is total to dead 3 tail during raising and train.
Embodiment 4
In 2012, in the power stations A Hai fish multiplication pouring station, abdomen is split to wild short hairs with presently disclosed method
Fish has carried out artificial domestication.Here neck ichthyophagy class belongs to same fish with wild fish to be raised and train.
The type of selection neck ichthyophagy first and waits raising and train wild short hairs schizothoracin for the short hairs schizothoracin of artificial domestication
It is same;Collect wild short hairs schizothoracin, after disinfecting, select not damaged individual totally 135 tail, overall length 150mm~
300mm is temporarily supported.The water quality conditions such as temporarily foster water temperature, pH are not much different with wild environment, wherein water temperature range for 16~
18 DEG C, pH ranging from pH 7.4~7.8, water flow DO are more than 7.0mg/L.It is during temporarily supporting, the neck raised and train is piscivorous
It is consistent that temperature of cultivation is adjusted to wild fish water temperature to be raised and train;After temporarily supporting 3 days, start artificial domestication.Neck ichthyophagy short hairs are selected to split
45 tail of abdomen fish, overall length are raised together with the wild short hairs schizothoracin of 135 tails in 150mm~300mm, it is artificial to feed floatability daily
Feed 2 times feeds 0.5~1% that ratio is fish total weight, wherein the buoyancy of man-made feeds is convenient for waiting raising and train more by force wild
Short hairs schizothoracin is ingested.
After this method raises and train 10 days, 100% wild short hairs schizothoracin starts man-made feeds of ingesting, short hairs during raising and train
Schizothoracin is without death.
Now above example 1-4 is summarized as follows, such as table 1:
Table 1
By upper table 1 it is found that a kind of artificial domestication method of mass migration wild fish of offer of the embodiment of the present invention, profit
Wild fish fast opening is led with the neck ichthyophagy class of domestication and man-made feeds of ingesting, and the death rate is extremely low, and the death rate exists
0-2%, and it is short to raise and train the period, it is 10-40 days to raise and train the period;Wherein, the neck ichthyophagy class of life habit similar to wild fish can
Selection type is more, easily obtains, and the neck ichthyophagy for most starting domestication in the present embodiment is to buy others or oneself use conventional method
Tame the neck ichthyophagy got well, then become the neck ichthyophagy raised and train after the completion of wild fish domestication, can be used as lead the type of ichthyophagy into
One step is used for habituation of wild fish, so recycles.The method operating process is simple and practicable, it is easy to promote, and is suitble to most manifold
The artificial domestication of group migration fishes.It can be said that it has a variety of advantages, answered particularly suitable for promoting in the art
With significance of scientific research is great.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
With within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention god.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of artificial domestication method of mass migration wild fish, which is characterized in that specifically comprise the following steps:
Step 1 temporarily supports the wild fish to be raised and train captured from field;
Step 2 prepares the good neck ichthyophagy class of close with the wild fish life habit to be raised and train or identical artificial domestication, will
The piscivorous temperature of cultivation of neck raised and train is adjusted to consistent with wild fish water temperature to be raised and train temporarily is supported, wherein the neck food
Fish are non-violent predacious fish with wild fish to be raised and train, and all have mass migration behavior;
Step 3, high-ranking military officer's ichthyophagy class and the wild fish after temporarily supporting are raised together according to certain amount ratio in raising and train pond, daily to throw
Feed man-made feeds;
Step 4 during raising and train, observes the ratio of wild fish initial feeding, waits for that ratio is more than 90% or more, illustrate to have raised and train
At terminating to raise and train.
2. the artificial domestication method of mass migration wild fish as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 1
In, after wild fish is captured from field, by disinfecting, temporarily supported after selecting the undamaged individual of body surface, temporarily foster water
Temperature, pH and wild environment are close, and temporarily the foster time is 2~5 days, and bait is not fed during temporarily supporting.
3. the artificial domestication method of mass migration wild fish as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 2
In, the neck ichthyophagy class is close with the specification size of wild fish to be raised and train.
4. the artificial domestication method of mass migration wild fish as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 3
In, high-ranking military officer's ichthyophagy class is with the wild fish after temporary support according to quantitative proportion 1:2~4 are raised together.
5. the artificial domestication method of mass migration wild fish as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 3
In, man-made feeds are fed daily 2~3 times, feed 0.5~1% that ratio is fish total weight,
6. the artificial domestication method of mass migration wild fish as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 3
In, the sink-float of man-made feeds is adjusted in the water layer lived according to wild fish to be raised and train, and makes it easy to wild fish to be raised and train
Class is ingested.
7. the artificial domestication method of mass migration wild fish as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described to wait raising and train
Wild fish be wild neat mouth schizothoracin, wild short hairs schizothoracin, wild Songpan naked carp, wild spring fish, the neck ichthyophagy
Class is respectively that the wild fish life habit to be raised and train is close or identical short hairs schizothoracin, wild short hairs schizothoracin, neat
Mouth schizothoracin and lip
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Cited By (3)
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CN110731280A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-01-31 | 武汉中科瑞华生态科技股份有限公司 | Artificial propagation method for Glyptosternum tergitum |
CN116158379A (en) * | 2022-12-20 | 2023-05-26 | 西藏自治区农牧科学院水产科学研究所 | Artificial domestication method for wild schizothorax prenanti |
CN116369250A (en) * | 2023-03-16 | 2023-07-04 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司中华鲟研究所 | Acipenser dabryanus feeding training method |
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CN110731280A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-01-31 | 武汉中科瑞华生态科技股份有限公司 | Artificial propagation method for Glyptosternum tergitum |
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CN116369250A (en) * | 2023-03-16 | 2023-07-04 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司中华鲟研究所 | Acipenser dabryanus feeding training method |
CN116369250B (en) * | 2023-03-16 | 2023-12-12 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司中华鲟研究所 | Acipenser dabryanus feeding training method |
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