CN108667706B - Ethernet serial server with dynamically adjustable serial number and data transmission method thereof - Google Patents
Ethernet serial server with dynamically adjustable serial number and data transmission method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
- H04L12/40006—Architecture of a communication node
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
- G06F13/38—Information transfer, e.g. on bus
- G06F13/42—Bus transfer protocol, e.g. handshake; Synchronisation
- G06F13/4282—Bus transfer protocol, e.g. handshake; Synchronisation on a serial bus, e.g. I2C bus, SPI bus
- G06F13/4286—Bus transfer protocol, e.g. handshake; Synchronisation on a serial bus, e.g. I2C bus, SPI bus using a handshaking protocol, e.g. RS232C link
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
- H04L12/4013—Management of data rate on the bus
- H04L12/40136—Nodes adapting their rate to the physical link properties
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
- H04L49/90—Buffering arrangements
- H04L49/9063—Intermediate storage in different physical parts of a node or terminal
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
- G06F2213/0002—Serial port, e.g. RS232C
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Abstract
The Ethernet serial port server is used for finishing communication between the upper computer and the field equipment and comprises an Ethernet communication unit and a serial port communication unit which are in communication connection; the Ethernet communication unit comprises a network interface, an isolation transformer, an Ethernet PHY and a rear-end control device which are connected in sequence, wherein the network interface is connected with an upper computer; the serial port communication unit comprises a front end control device, an interface chip and serial interfaces which are sequentially connected, wherein the front end control device is in communication connection with a rear end control device through an FSMC bus, the serial interfaces are connected with field equipment, and the rear end control device establishes data channels with the same number as the front end control device according to the connection number of the serial interfaces. The invention provides an Ethernet serial server with dynamically adjustable serial number and a data transmission method thereof, which can dynamically increase or decrease the serial number according to actual requirements, and have flexible use and wide application range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of serial servers, in particular to an Ethernet serial server with dynamically adjustable serial number and a data transmission method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of ethernet technology, the ethernet technology is commonly used in various fields for data transmission, and it has become a necessary trend for information communication development to connect industrial equipment into a network. Due to the advantages of simple serial port communication transmission protocol, high reliability and the like, the fields of industrial automation and the like still adopt a large number of traditional serial interfaces such as RS485, RS232 and the like for data transmission. However, serial communication has the defects of short transmission distance, low speed, incapability of accessing a mainstream network and the like, so that the future development of the serial communication faces huge challenges. The serial port server has come up and realized the networked transmission of serial data.
At present, a mainstream ethernet serial server mainly adopts a 32-bit microprocessor (ARM) and an operating system to realize a networking function of a multi-channel serial port. However, the scheme is limited by the bandwidth and the peripheral interface of the chip, the number of the serial ports of the server is limited, can only reach 16 at most, and cannot meet the higher requirements of modern production. With the rise of Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) chips, people begin to solve the problem of high-speed transmission by using the advantage of parallel processing, and implement bidirectional data transmission between ethernet and serial ports, but the serial ports designed by this scheme are relatively fixed in number, and cannot meet the requirement of increasing or decreasing the serial ports at will in practice.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the Ethernet serial server with the dynamically adjustable serial number and the data transmission method thereof, which can dynamically increase or decrease the serial number according to actual requirements, are flexible to use and have wide application range.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the specific scheme that: the Ethernet serial port server is used for finishing communication between an upper computer and field equipment and comprises an Ethernet communication unit and a serial port communication unit which are in communication connection; the Ethernet communication unit comprises a network interface, an isolation transformer, an Ethernet PHY and a rear-end control device which are connected in sequence, wherein the network interface is connected with the upper computer; the serial port communication unit comprises a front end control device, an interface chip and serial interfaces which are sequentially connected, wherein the front end control device is in communication connection with the rear end control device through an FSMC bus, the serial interfaces are connected with the field equipment, and the rear end control device establishes data channels with the same number as the front end control device according to the connection number of the serial interfaces.
The back-end control device comprises an Ethernet transmission module and a multitask management module, wherein the multitask management module comprises a plurality of data terminals, and all the data terminals are connected with the Ethernet transmission module; the front-end control device comprises a serial port register configuration module, a data cache module and a multi-serial port management module, wherein the serial port register configuration module is connected with the multi-task management module through the FSMC bus, the data cache module comprises a plurality of data caches, the multi-serial port management module comprises a plurality of serial port modules, the number of data terminals, the number of the data caches and the number of the serial port modules are equal, the serial port modules are connected with the data caches in a one-to-one correspondence mode, all the data caches are connected with the serial port register configuration module, and all the serial port modules are connected with the interface chip.
The serial interface is set to be an RS485 interface, an RS422 interface or an RS232 interface.
The back end control device is set to be an ARM chip, and the front end control device is set to be an FPGA chip.
The network interface is set as an RJ45 interface.
The data transmission method of the Ethernet serial server with dynamically adjustable serial number comprises the steps of firstly constructing the serial server according to use requirements, wherein a multi-serial management module comprises a plurality of serial modules, and different serial modules have different priorities; then the serial server executes an uplink data transmission process or a downlink data transmission process, wherein the uplink data transmission process is used for sending the field data of the field device to the upper computer, and the downlink data transmission process is used for sending the Ethernet data of the upper computer to the field device;
the uplink data transmission process comprises the following steps:
s11, the field device sends a plurality of pieces of field data corresponding to the serial port modules one by one to the multi-serial port management module through the serial interface and the interface chip in sequence;
s12, the multi-serial port management module stores the field data in a cache module corresponding to the serial port module;
s13, the multi-serial port management module generates an interrupt signal and sends the interrupt signal to the multi-task management module through the serial port register configuration module;
s14, the multitask management module reads the field data from the buffer module according to the interrupt signal and sends the field data to the Ethernet transmission module;
s15, the Ethernet transmission module sends the field data to the upper computer through the Ethernet PHY, the isolation transformer and the network interface in sequence:
the downlink data transmission process comprises the following steps:
s21, the upper computer sends the Ethernet data to the multitask management module through the network interface, the isolation transformer, the Ethernet PHY and the Ethernet transmission module in sequence, wherein the Ethernet data comprises a plurality of downlink instructions which are in one-to-one correspondence with the serial port module;
s22, the multitask management module separates the downlink instructions from the Ethernet data and sends the downlink instructions to the serial port register configuration module through the FSMC bus in sequence according to the priority of the serial port module;
s23, the serial port register configuration module stores the received downlink instruction in a cache module connected with the serial port module corresponding to the downlink instruction;
and S24, the serial port module collects and reads the downlink instruction from the buffer module and sends the downlink instruction to the field device through the interface chip and the serial port in sequence.
The specific method for constructing the serial server according to the use requirement comprises the following steps:
wherein x represents the memory performance of the back-end control device, y represents the computational performance of the back-end control device, z represents the memory performance of the front-end control device, m represents the logic gate capacity of the front-end control device, z represents the communication performance between the front-end control device and the back-end control device, N1Indicates the maximum sustainable under the influence of xNumber of serial ports, N2Represents the maximum bearable serial port number under the influence of y, N3Represents the maximum number of loadable serial ports under the influence of z, N4Represents the maximum bearable serial port number under the influence of m, N5Representing the maximum number of loadable serial ports under the influence of l.
After the serial server is constructed and started, the multitask management module establishes a data terminal for receiving and ensuring that the serial server can receive Ethernet data, and the data terminal cannot be deleted;
in S21, the multitask management module adds or deletes the data terminals according to the number of the downlink instructions, and sends the number of the data terminals to the front-end control device, and the front-end control device adds or deletes the data cache or the serial port module according to the number of the data terminals.
The serial port register configuration unit comprises a serial port number register and a plurality of groups of serial port operating registers which are in one-to-one correspondence with the serial port modules, and each serial port operating register comprises a serial port state register, a wave rate information register, a serial port sending data register and a serial port receiving data register.
The specific method of S13 is as follows: when the field data storage amount in the cache module reaches a set value, the cache module generates an interrupt signal, the multi-serial management module inquires all the interrupt signals in a polling mode, converts the parallel interrupt signals into serial signals, and adds a channel mark for identifying the serial module in front of each interrupt signal.
Has the advantages that: the invention realizes the data transmission function from the upper computer to the field equipment by the method of establishing the data channel between the front-end control device and the back-end control device, and can meet the data transmission requirement when the number of different serial ports changes by adjusting the number of the data channels when the number of the serial ports changes. Compared with the existing serial server with fixed serial number, the serial server is more flexible to use, can meet the continuously-changed field requirements, can increase the serial number to ensure the normal operation of field equipment when the demand is increased, and can reduce the serial number to reduce the load and energy consumption when the demand is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the overall structure of a serial server according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the back-end control device and the front-end control device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of dynamic addition and deletion of serial number according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the interrupt signal processing of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the serial signal structure of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, fig. 1 is a block diagram of an overall structure of a serial server according to the present invention, and fig. 2 is a block diagram of a back-end control device and a front-end control device according to the present invention. The invention firstly provides an Ethernet serial server with dynamically adjustable serial number, which is used for completing communication between an upper computer and field equipment.
The Ethernet communication unit comprises a network interface, an isolation transformer, an Ethernet PHY and a rear-end control device which are sequentially connected, wherein the network interface is connected with an upper computer and is set to be an RJ45 interface. The back end control device comprises an Ethernet transmission module and a multitask management module, wherein the multitask management module comprises a plurality of data terminals, and all the data terminals are connected with the Ethernet transmission module. The back-end control device may be configured as an ARM chip and run a μ C/OS-II system.
The serial port communication unit comprises a front end control device, an interface chip and a serial port which are sequentially connected, wherein the front end control device is in communication connection with the rear end control device through an FSMC bus, and the front end control device can be set to be an FPGA. The serial interface is connected with the field device and is set to be an RS485 interface, an RS422 interface or an RS232 interface. The front-end control device comprises a serial port register configuration module, a data cache module and a multi-serial port management module, wherein the serial port register configuration module is connected with the multi-task management module through an FSMC bus, the data cache module comprises a plurality of data caches, the multi-serial port management module comprises a plurality of serial port modules, the number of data terminals, the number of the data caches and the number of the serial port modules are equal, the serial port modules are connected with the data caches in a one-to-one correspondence mode, all the data caches are connected with the serial port register configuration module, and all the serial port modules are connected with an interface chip. The serial port register configuration unit comprises a serial port number register and a plurality of groups of serial port operating registers which are in one-to-one correspondence with the serial port modules, and each serial port operating register comprises a serial port state register, a wave rate information register, a serial port sending data register and a serial port receiving data register. The serial port number register is public, the rest four registers are necessary for each serial port to transmit data, when the serial port number is N, the total number of the registers is 4N +1, and the number of the registers changes along with the change of the N value. The mode that every serial port unit independently configures the register guarantees the independence of data when the server carries out serial port increase and decrease operation, guarantees that transmission performance can not receive the influence of serial port increase and decrease operation.
The data terminals, the data cache and the serial port module jointly form a data channel, the rear-end control device establishes data channels with the same number as the front-end control device according to the connection number of the serial interfaces, and downlink data transmission from the upper computer to the field device and uplink data transmission from the field device to the upper computer are completed through the data channels.
The serial port server realizes the data transmission function from the upper computer to the field equipment by a method of establishing a data channel between the front end control device and the rear end control device, and can meet the data transmission requirement when the number of different serial ports changes by adjusting the number of the data channels when the number of the serial ports changes. Compared with the existing serial server with fixed serial number, the serial server is more flexible to use, can meet the continuously-changed field requirements, can increase the serial number to ensure the normal operation of field equipment when the demand is increased, and can reduce the serial number to reduce the load and energy consumption when the demand is reduced.
As shown in fig. 3 to 5, fig. 3 is a flow chart of dynamic addition and deletion of the serial port number of the present invention, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a processing process of an interrupt signal of the present invention, and fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a serial signal of the present invention.
Based on the serial server, the invention also provides a data transmission method, which comprises the steps of firstly constructing the serial server according to the use requirements, wherein the multi-serial management module comprises a plurality of serial modules, and different serial modules have different priorities. The specific method for constructing the serial server according to the use requirement comprises the following steps:
wherein x represents the memory performance of the back-end control device, y represents the computational performance of the back-end control device, z represents the memory performance of the front-end control device, m represents the logic gate capacity of the front-end control device, z represents the communication performance between the front-end control device and the back-end control device, N1Represents the maximum bearable serial port number under the influence of x, N2Represents the maximum bearable serial port number under the influence of y, N3Represents the maximum number of loadable serial ports under the influence of z, N4Represents the maximum bearable serial port number under the influence of m, N5Representing the maximum number of loadable serial ports under the influence of l. After the serial server is constructed and started, the multitask management module establishes a data terminal for receiving and ensuring that the serial server can receive Ethernet data, and the data terminal cannot be deleted.
And then the serial server executes an uplink data transmission process or a downlink data transmission process, wherein the uplink data transmission process is used for sending the field data of the field device to the upper computer, and the downlink data transmission process is used for sending the Ethernet data of the upper computer to the field device.
The uplink data transmission process includes steps S11 to S15.
And S11, the field device sends the field data corresponding to the serial port modules one by one to the multi-serial port management module through the serial port and the interface chip.
And S12, the multi-serial port management module stores the field data in the cache module corresponding to the serial port module.
And S13, the multi-serial port management module generates an interrupt signal and sends the interrupt signal to the multi-task management module through the serial port register configuration module. The specific method comprises the following steps: when the field data storage amount in the cache module reaches a set value, the cache module generates an interrupt signal, the multi-serial management module inquires all the interrupt signals in a polling mode, converts the parallel interrupt signals into serial signals, and adds a channel mark for identifying the serial module in front of each interrupt signal.
And S14, the multitask management module reads the field data from the buffer module according to the interrupt signal and sends the field data to the Ethernet transmission module.
And S15, the Ethernet transmission module sends the field data to the upper computer through the Ethernet PHY, the isolation transformer and the network interface in sequence.
The downlink data transmission process includes steps S21 to S24.
And S21, the upper computer sends the Ethernet data to the multitask management module through the network interface, the isolation transformer, the Ethernet PHY and the Ethernet transmission module in sequence, and the Ethernet data comprises a plurality of downlink instructions which are in one-to-one correspondence with the serial port modules. And the multitask management module increases or deletes the data terminals according to the number of the downlink instructions, and sends the number of the data terminals to the front-end control device, and the front-end control device increases or deletes the data cache or the serial port module according to the number of the data terminals.
And S22, the multitask management module separates the downlink instructions from the Ethernet data and sends the downlink instructions to the serial port register configuration module through the FSMC bus in sequence according to the priority of the serial port module.
And S23, the serial port register configuration module stores the received downlink instruction in a cache module connected with the serial port module corresponding to the downlink instruction.
And S24, the serial port module collects and reads the downlink instruction from the buffer module and sends the downlink instruction to the field device through the interface chip and the serial port in sequence.
To verify the practical performance of the present invention, the following experiment was set.
In the aspect of hardware, a rear-end control device is set as an STM32F407 chip, a RAM space with 256Kbit is arranged in the rear-end control device, a main frequency clock reaches 168MHz, and the communication speed of the rear-end control device communicating with the Ethernet can reach 5.6Mbps through testing; the front end control device is set to be EP4CE10F17C8, and the interior of the front end control device is provided with RAM space of 414Kbit and 10320 logic units; USR-VCOM virtual serial server software designed by people's Internet of things company Limited is used as an upper computer; the number of the serial ports is three.
The test results are as follows.
"-" represents the device is not connected.
According to experimental results, when a plurality of serial ports work simultaneously, no matter the serial ports are subjected to increasing and decreasing operations or baud rate change, the system can normally transmit, and the data transmitted and received in the two-way transmission is correct, so that the serial server can realize the flexible increasing and deleting operations of the multiple serial ports, and the baud rate can be configured through an upper computer.
It is further noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. Serial ports quantity developments adjustable ethernet serial ports server for accomplish the communication between host computer and the field device, its characterized in that: the Ethernet serial port server comprises an Ethernet communication unit and a serial port communication unit which are in communication connection;
the Ethernet communication unit comprises a network interface, an isolation transformer, an Ethernet PHY and a rear-end control device which are connected in sequence, wherein the network interface is connected with the upper computer;
the serial port communication unit comprises a front-end control device, an interface chip and a plurality of serial interfaces which are sequentially connected, wherein the front-end control device is in communication connection with the rear-end control device through an FSMC bus, the serial interfaces are connected with the field equipment, and the rear-end control device establishes data channels with the same number as the front-end control device according to the connection number of the serial interfaces;
the back-end control device comprises an Ethernet transmission module and a multitask management module, wherein the multitask management module comprises a plurality of data terminals, and all the data terminals are connected with the Ethernet transmission module;
the front-end control device comprises a serial port register configuration module, a data cache module and a multi-serial port management module, wherein the serial port register configuration module is connected with the multi-task management module through the FSMC bus, the data cache module comprises a plurality of data caches, the multi-serial port management module comprises a plurality of serial port modules, the number of data terminals, the number of the data caches and the number of the serial port modules are equal, the serial port modules are connected with the data caches in a one-to-one correspondence mode, all the data caches are connected with the serial port register configuration module, and all the serial port modules are connected with the interface chip.
2. The ethernet serial server with dynamically adjustable serial number according to claim 1, wherein: the serial interface is set to be an RS485 interface, an RS422 interface or an RS232 interface.
3. The ethernet serial server with dynamically adjustable serial number according to claim 1, wherein: the back end control device is set to be an ARM chip, and the front end control device is set to be an FPGA chip.
4. The ethernet serial server with dynamically adjustable serial number according to claim 1, wherein: the network interface is set as an RJ45 interface.
5. The data transmission method of the ethernet serial server according to claim 1, wherein: firstly, a serial server is constructed according to use requirements, wherein the multi-serial management module comprises a plurality of serial modules, and different serial modules have different priorities; then the serial server executes an uplink data transmission process or a downlink data transmission process, wherein the uplink data transmission process is used for sending the field data of the field device to the upper computer, and the downlink data transmission process is used for sending the Ethernet data of the upper computer to the field device;
the uplink data transmission process comprises the following steps:
s11, the field device sends a plurality of pieces of field data corresponding to the serial port modules one by one to the multi-serial port management module through the serial interface and the interface chip in sequence;
s12, the multi-serial port management module stores the field data in a data cache corresponding to the serial port module;
s13, the multi-serial port management module generates an interrupt signal and sends the interrupt signal to the multi-task management module through the serial port register configuration module;
s14, the multitask management module reads the field data from the data cache module according to the interrupt signal and sends the field data to the Ethernet transmission module;
s15, the Ethernet transmission module sends the field data to the upper computer through the Ethernet PHY, the isolation transformer and the network interface in sequence:
the downlink data transmission process comprises the following steps:
s21, the upper computer sends the Ethernet data to the multitask management module through the network interface, the isolation transformer, the Ethernet PHY and the Ethernet transmission module in sequence, wherein the Ethernet data comprises a plurality of downlink instructions which are in one-to-one correspondence with the serial port module;
s22, the multitask management module separates the downlink instructions from the Ethernet data and sends the downlink instructions to the serial port register configuration module through the FSMC bus in sequence according to the priority of the serial port module;
s23, the serial port register configuration module stores the received downlink instruction in a data cache connected with the serial port module corresponding to the downlink instruction;
and S24, the serial port module collects and reads the downlink instruction from the data cache and sends the downlink instruction to the field device through the interface chip and the serial port in sequence.
6. The data transmission method of claim 5, wherein: the specific method for constructing the serial server according to the use requirement comprises the following steps:
wherein x represents the memory performance of the back-end control device, y represents the computational performance of the back-end control device, z represents the memory performance of the front-end control device, m represents the logic gate capacity of the front-end control device, l represents the communication performance between the front-end control device and the back-end control device, and N1Represents the maximum bearable serial port number under the influence of x, N2Represents the maximum bearable serial port number under the influence of y, N3Represents the maximum number of loadable serial ports under the influence of z, N4Represents the maximum bearable serial port number under the influence of m, N5Representing the maximum number of loadable serial ports under the influence of l.
7. The data transmission method of claim 6, wherein: after the serial server is constructed and started, the multitask management module establishes a data terminal for ensuring that the serial server can receive Ethernet data, and the data terminal cannot be deleted;
in S21, the multitask management module adds or deletes the data terminals according to the number of the downlink instructions, and sends the number of the data terminals to the front-end control device, and the front-end control device adds or deletes the data cache or the serial port module according to the number of the data terminals.
8. The data transmission method of claim 6, wherein: the serial port register configuration unit comprises a serial port number register and a plurality of groups of serial port operating registers which are in one-to-one correspondence with the serial port modules, and each serial port operating register comprises a serial port state register, a wave rate information register, a serial port sending data register and a serial port receiving data register.
9. The data transmission method of claim 6, wherein: the specific method of S13 is as follows: when the field data storage amount in the data cache reaches a set value, the data cache generates an interrupt signal, the multi-serial management module inquires all the interrupt signals in a polling mode, converts the parallel interrupt signals into serial signals, and adds a channel mark for identifying the serial module in front of each interrupt signal.
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