CN108655162B - Method for restoring soil heavily polluted by petroleum - Google Patents
Method for restoring soil heavily polluted by petroleum Download PDFInfo
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- CN108655162B CN108655162B CN201810571419.0A CN201810571419A CN108655162B CN 108655162 B CN108655162 B CN 108655162B CN 201810571419 A CN201810571419 A CN 201810571419A CN 108655162 B CN108655162 B CN 108655162B
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- soil
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- alfalfa
- degrading bacteria
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
- B09C1/105—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes using fungi or plants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C2101/00—In situ
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- Mycology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for restoring soil heavily polluted by petroleum, belonging to the technical field of polluted soil treatment. The repairing method comprises the following steps: s1, spreading a surfactant to the land blocks with severe petroleum pollution, shoveling and stacking surface soil of the land blocks, and adding animal wastes, crop straws, bentonite, urea and first petroleum degrading bacteria for fermentation; s2, ploughing the land blocks with the surface soil removed by 25-40cm, uniformly spraying water to enable the soil humidity to reach 50-65%, adjusting the soil Ph to 7-10, adding second petroleum degrading bacteria into the ploughed land blocks, planting alfalfa in the ploughed land blocks, and adding the harvested alfalfa of the first 2-3 stubbles into the fermentation pile of the step S1 for fermentation; s3, granulating the fermentation product obtained in the step S1 in a granulator to prepare an organic fertilizer and spreading the organic fertilizer in an alfalfa planting area. The invention forms a mode of biological repair and plant repair cyclic degradation, and is economical, environment-friendly and good in repair effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of polluted soil treatment, in particular to a method for restoring soil heavily polluted by petroleum.
Background
With the rapid development of the petroleum industry, the soil pollution problem is caused by the pollution and omission accidents in the processes of petroleum exploitation, smelting and transportation, the discharge of oily wastewater and the like, and the soil structure can be damaged after petroleum enters the soil. The permeability of soil is influenced, the soil quality is reduced, oil stains are adhered to plant roots to form a layer of mucosa, the absorption of plant roots to nutrients and water is hindered, the roots are rotten, the growth of crops is influenced, if the oil-polluted soil is not repaired in time, dissolved gas in the oil-polluted soil exposed in the open air can volatilize into the atmosphere, the atmosphere pollution is caused, and the oil-polluted soil can flow into a water area along with rainwater to cause water body pollution. In the prior art, the technology for restoring the petroleum-polluted soil comprises physical restoration, chemical restoration and biological restoration, wherein the physical restoration and the chemical restoration can cause secondary pollution in the process of restoring the petroleum-polluted soil, the soil structure is changed, the cost is high, and the application has certain limitations.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art and provide a method for repairing soil heavily polluted by petroleum.
The invention provides a method for restoring soil heavily polluted by petroleum, which comprises the following steps: s1, spreading a surfactant to the land with severe petroleum pollution, wherein the spreading amount of the surfactant is 60-100g/m2After the soil is kept still for 2-3 days, removing and stacking surface soil with the oil content of more than 20 wt%, adding animal wastes, crop straws, bentonite, urea and first petroleum degrading bacteria into the stacked surface soil for fermentation for 50-120 days to obtain a fermentation product;
s2, ploughing the land blocks with the surface soil removed, wherein the ploughing depth is 25-40cm, spraying water after ploughing to enable the soil humidity to reach 50-65%, adjusting the soil Ph to 7-10, then adding second petroleum degrading bacteria, planting alfalfa in the ploughed land blocks, and adding the harvested alfalfa in the first 2-3 stubbles into the fermentation pile in the step S1 for fermentation;
s3, granulating the fermentation product obtained in the step S1 in a granulator to prepare an organic fertilizer, and applying the organic fertilizer to the alfalfa planting area in an amount of 20-30kg per mu.
Preferably, the first petroleum degrading bacteria are Bacillus subtilis and white rot fungi which are prepared into 8 × 10 according to the ratio of 1:110And each/ml of the composite strain.
Preferably, the second petroleum degrading bacterium is Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens which are prepared into 6 × 10 according to the ratio of 1:17And each/ml of the composite strain.
Preferably, the surfactant is sodium lauryl sulfate.
Preferably, the weight part ratio of the surface soil, the animal manure, the crop straws, the bentonite and the urea is 9: 6: 6: 3: 1, the adding amount of the first petroleum degrading bacteria is 2-3ml/m3And (3) soil.
Preferably, the adding amount of the second petroleum degrading bacteria is 2-5ml/m2And (3) soil.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the method for restoring the soil heavily polluted by the petroleum effectively degrades the petroleum pollutants in the soil heavily polluted by the petroleum in a mode of combining biotechnology with plant restoration mainly, does not leave any long-term toxic influence which is unfavorable for the environment, has low cost, can permanently eliminate the pollutants and does not damage the environment, classifies the soil with lighter pollution degree on the surface layer and the lower layer of the heavily polluted soil in the restoring method, harvests the alfalfa with high petroleum hydrocarbon content, puts the alfalfa into a fermentation pile for continuous fermentation, prepares the organic biological fertilizer after being decomposed by the first petroleum degrading bacteria, is used for planting the alfalfa, realizes a mode of biological restoration and plant restoration cyclic degradation, does not produce products which are difficult to process in the degradation process, and is economic, environment-friendly and good in restoring effect.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention is provided, but it should be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The invention provides a method for restoring soil heavily polluted by petroleum, which comprises the following steps: s1, spreading a surfactant of sodium dodecyl sulfate to the land blocks with severe petroleum pollution, wherein the spreading amount of the sodium dodecyl sulfate is 65g/m2Soil, after standing for 2 days, shoveling and stacking surface soil of the land with the oil content of more than 20 wt%, adding chicken manure, corn straw, bentonite, urea and first petroleum degrading bacteria for fermentation for 100 days to obtain a fermentation product, wherein the first petroleum degrading bacteria are bacillus subtilis and white rot fungi which are prepared into 8 × 10 according to a ratio of 1:110Each/ml of the composite strain; the weight parts of the surface soil, the chicken manure, the corn straw, the bentonite and the urea are 9: 6: 6: 3: 1, the adding amount of the first petroleum degrading bacteria is 3ml/m3Soil;
s2, ploughing the land blocks with the surface soil removed by 32cm uniformlyWatering to enable the soil humidity to reach 50%, adjusting the soil Ph to 7.5, adding second oil degrading bacteria and nutrient salt into the ploughed land, planting alfalfa in the ploughed land, harvesting the alfalfa of the first 2 crops, adding the harvested alfalfa into the fermentation pile of the step S1 for fermentation, detecting and analyzing petroleum hydrocarbons in stems and leaves of the alfalfa after each time of harvesting, and when the petroleum hydrocarbon content in the stems and leaves of the alfalfa is reduced to a safe range, utilizing the alfalfa as animal feed, preparing the second oil degrading bacteria which are bacillus subtilis and pseudomonas fluorescens into 6 × 10 according to a ratio of 1:17Each/ml of the composite strain; the addition amount of the second petroleum degrading bacteria is 4ml/m2Soil;
s3, granulating the fermentation product obtained in the step S1 in a granulator to prepare an organic fertilizer, and spreading the organic fertilizer in an amount of 25kg per mu in an alfalfa planting area.
Example 2
The invention provides a method for restoring soil heavily polluted by petroleum, which comprises the following steps: s1, spreading a surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate to the land blocks with severe petroleum pollution, wherein the spreading amount of the sodium dodecyl sulfate is 90g/m2Soil, after standing for 3 days, shoveling and stacking surface soil of the land, wherein the oil content is more than 20 wt%, adding cow dung, wheat straw, bentonite, urea and first petroleum degrading bacteria for fermentation for 86 days to obtain a fermentation product, wherein the first petroleum degrading bacteria are bacillus subtilis and white rot fungi which are prepared into 8 × 10 according to a ratio of 1:110Each/ml of the composite strain; the weight parts of the surface soil, the cow dung, the wheat straw, the bentonite and the urea are 9: 6: 6: 3: 1, the adding amount of the first petroleum degrading bacteria is 3ml/m3Soil;
s2, ploughing the land blocks with the surface soil removed for 30cm, uniformly spraying water to enable the soil humidity to reach 60%, adjusting the soil pH to 10, adding second petroleum degrading bacteria after ploughing, adding second petroleum degrading bacteria and nutritive salt into the ploughed land blocks, planting alfalfa in the ploughed land blocks, adding the harvested alfalfa of the first 3 crops into the fermentation pile of the step S1 for fermentation, and detecting and analyzing petroleum hydrocarbons in stems and leaves of the alfalfa after each harvest; second oil-degrading bacteriumThe bacillus subtilis and the pseudomonas fluorescens are prepared into 6 × 10 according to the ratio of 1:17Each/ml of the composite strain; the addition amount of the second petroleum degrading bacteria is 3ml/m2Soil;
s3, granulating the fermentation product obtained in the step S1 in a granulator to prepare an organic fertilizer, and spreading the organic fertilizer in an alfalfa planting area with the dosage of 28kg per mu.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (3)
1. The method for restoring the soil heavily polluted by petroleum is characterized by comprising the following steps of: s1, spreading a surfactant to the land with severe petroleum pollution, wherein the spreading amount of the surfactant is 60-100g/m2After the soil is kept still for 2-3 days, removing and stacking surface soil with the oil content of more than 20 wt%, adding animal wastes, crop straws, bentonite, urea and first petroleum degrading bacteria into the stacked surface soil for fermentation for 50-120 days to obtain a fermentation product; the surface soil, the animal waste, the crop straws, the bentonite and the urea are 9 parts by weight: 6: 6: 3: 1, the adding amount of the first petroleum degrading bacteria is 2-3ml/m3Soil;
the first petroleum degrading bacteria are Bacillus subtilis and white rot fungi which are prepared into 8 × 10 according to the ratio of 1:110Each/ml of the composite strain;
s2, ploughing the land blocks with the surface soil removed, wherein the ploughing depth is 25-40cm, spraying water after ploughing to enable the soil humidity to reach 50-65%, adjusting the soil Ph to 7-10, then adding second petroleum degrading bacteria, planting alfalfa in the ploughed land blocks, and adding the harvested alfalfa in the first 2-3 stubbles into the fermentation pile in the step S1 for fermentation;
the second petroleum degrading bacteria are Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens which are prepared into 6 × 10 according to the ratio of 1:17Each/ml of the composite strain;
s3, granulating the fermentation product obtained in the step S1 in a granulator to prepare an organic fertilizer, and applying the organic fertilizer to the alfalfa planting area in an amount of 20-30kg per mu.
2. The method for remediating heavily petroleum-contaminated soil as recited in claim 1, wherein said surfactant is sodium lauryl sulfate.
3. The method for remediating heavily petroleum-contaminated soil as set forth in claim 1, wherein said second petroleum-degrading bacterium is added in an amount of 2 to 5ml/m2And (3) soil.
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| CN201810571419.0A CN108655162B (en) | 2018-06-06 | 2018-06-06 | Method for restoring soil heavily polluted by petroleum |
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| CN109609133A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-04-12 | 河南正达环保科技有限公司 | Oil-polluted soils repair materials |
| CN109365496A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-02-22 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | The method that charcoal loads oxidation promoter coupling antimicrobial plant remedying oil-polluted soils |
| CN113072946A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2021-07-06 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Agent for in-situ remediation of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111530920A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-08-14 | 辽宁大学 | Method for jointly repairing petroleum-polluted soil by using surfactant-enhanced plant microorganisms |
| CN113522963B (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2022-06-28 | 青岛理工大学 | Device for treating polluted soil in coking field by biological composting and composting method |
| CN113480375B (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2022-11-04 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司长庆油田分公司第五采油厂 | Oil field mining area historical legacy oil-containing sludge microorganism induction in-situ advanced treatment method |
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| CN101104177B (en) * | 2007-08-01 | 2010-12-15 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | In-situ biological repairing method for biomass intensified petroleum contaminative soil |
| CN101172286A (en) * | 2007-08-02 | 2008-05-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Biology in situ renovation method for biomass strengthen mix contaminated soil of stone oil-salt |
| CN101890426B (en) * | 2010-07-19 | 2011-11-30 | 南开大学 | Method for restoring petroleum-polluted saline alkali soil by ryegrass and high efficiency microbes |
| CN105170644B (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2017-12-12 | 李磊 | A kind of biological renovation method of oil-polluted soils |
| CN105478460A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-04-13 | 山东佳星环保科技有限公司 | Bioremediation method of oil-contaminated soil |
| CN107457256A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2017-12-12 | 常州蓝旗亚纺织品有限公司 | A kind of restorative procedure of oil-polluted soils |
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