CN108640658A - 掺杂稀土铈的热敏电阻材料的制备方法 - Google Patents
掺杂稀土铈的热敏电阻材料的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- ZNCPFRVNHGOPAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium oxalate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O ZNCPFRVNHGOPAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229940039790 sodium oxalate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000005662 Paraffin oil Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 16
- 229940048086 sodium pyrophosphate Drugs 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium chloride Substances Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 8
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- SJECZPVISLOESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropan-1-amine Chemical class CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCN SJECZPVISLOESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;hydrate Chemical compound O.CCO IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C=C FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910001428 transition metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000004941 influx Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 Mn4 ion Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910020647 Co-O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910020704 Co—O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910018669 Mn—Co Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002056 binary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- ARYZCSRUUPFYMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxysilane Chemical compound CO[SiH3] ARYZCSRUUPFYMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052566 spinel group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YUYCVXFAYWRXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxysilane Chemical compound CO[SiH](OC)OC YUYCVXFAYWRXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了掺杂稀土铈的热敏电阻材料的制备方法,该工艺利用硝酸铈和草酸钠反应提供稀土铈,较大程度的改变了原有热敏电阻材料的B值和电阻率。传统的NTC热敏陶瓷的导电原理为电子在尖晶石结构B位中同种金属不同的变价离子之间的跳跃而产生的跳跃电导,而Mn和Co都有多种变价离子,它们的阳离子分布比较复杂,B位可能存在Mn4+、Mn3+和Co3+、Co2+等多种离子。通过检测发现,在掺杂稀土铈后,晶粒变小,晶界增多,在负温度系数热敏陶瓷材料中,晶粒是半导体,而晶界是高阻层,而晶界是承受电压的主要单位。同时在掺杂稀土铈后获得的热敏电阻材料的稳定性高,耐老化性能好。并且在精密仪器方面有较大的应用前景,例如透析仪、DNA测序仪、血液分析仪等。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及电阻材料这一技术领域,特别涉及到掺杂稀土铈的热敏电阻材料的制备方法。
背景技术
负温度系数(Negative Temperature Coeficient,NTC)热敏电阻是一种由多晶半导体陶瓷材料制备的对温度非常敏感的材料元件。NTC热敏电阻的阻值会随着温度的升高呈指数减小,它具有对温度敏感、制备成本低和互换性良好等优点,广泛应用于温度测量、温度控制和温度补偿等 。目前,NTC热敏电阻大多是由3d过渡金属元素组成,是主相为AB2O4尖晶石结构的复合化合物。以最简单的Mn-Co—O系NTC热敏电阻为例,Mn。Co 0系尖晶石相的电学性能,主要是由尖晶石结构八面体间隙中Mn3 /Mn4 离子浓度的变化和它们之间的电荷跳跃来决定的。因此阳离子的掺杂和阳离子在尖晶石结构的八面体间隙中的分布是影响热敏陶瓷性能的主要因素。近几年来,对于热敏陶瓷的研究大多集中在添加少量掺杂物来改善材料性能方面。目前研究较多的是具有尖晶石结构的常温NTC热敏电阻,关于Mn-Co.O二元体系,经Zn、Fe等元素掺杂后,Mn-Co-O 尖晶石相的电性能会得以改善,这些掺杂元素的离子半径一般都与Mn离子半径比较接近,对于在体系中掺杂一些价态半径明显有别于主相离子的物质的研究相对比较少。众所周知,稀土氧化物有着很好的热稳定性,然而关于它在热敏陶瓷中的掺杂的研究却很少. 所以本发明尝试将少量的稀土Ce掺入热敏电阻中,以期望来改善提升传统热敏电阻材料的性能。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的上述问题和需求,本发明的目的是提供一种掺杂稀土铈的热敏电阻材料的制备方法。本发明利用硝酸铈和草酸钠反应提供稀土铈,较大程度的改变了原有热敏电阻材料的B值和电阻率。传统的NTC热敏陶瓷的导电原理为电子在尖晶石结构B位中同种金属不同的变价离子之间的跳跃而产生的跳跃电导,而Mn和Co都有多种变价离子,它们的阳离子分布比较复杂,B 位可能存在Mn4+ 、Mn3+ 和Co3+ 、Co2+等多种离子。通过检测发现,在掺杂稀土铈后,晶粒变小,晶界增多,在负温度系数热敏陶瓷材料中,晶粒是半导体,而晶界是高阻层,而晶界是承受电压的主要单位。同时在掺杂稀土铈后获得的热敏电阻材料的稳定性高,耐老化性能好。
技术方案:为了实现上述目的,本发明公开了掺杂稀土铈的热敏电阻材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将MnO 5-8份、AlCl3 2-4份、B2O3 3-6份、Fe3O4 5-9份、ZnO3 5-8份、Al2O3 2-6份、SiO2 10-18份、尖晶石20-35份,置于球磨罐中,然后加入分散介质,进行球磨,烘干得到粉末混合物;
(2)将步骤(1)的粉末混合物中加入硝酸铈1-3份、草酸钠4-8份、聚乙烯醇4-10份、偶联剂1-4份中进行熔融,在惰性气体保护的气氛中做高温烧结,然后自然冷却至室温;
(3)将步骤(2)的反应物加入到超声震荡器中打碎,过筛分选得到小颗粒产物;
(4)将步骤(3)的产物进行压制成型,脱模干燥,即得成品。
优选地,所述步骤(1)中的分散介质为无水乙醇、异丁醇、石蜡油和焦磷酸钠的混合物,其摩尔质量比为无水乙醇:异丁醇:石蜡油:焦磷酸钠为7:5:5:1。
优选地,所述步骤(1)中的球磨转速为100-500转/分钟,球磨时间为3-6h。
优选地,所述步骤(1)中的烘干温度为65-90℃。
优选地,所述步骤(2)中的偶联剂选自3-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、γ―氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷中的一种或几种。
优选地,所述步骤(2)中的惰性气体为氮气,气体流入速率为0.5L/min,保持炉内气压为2-5MPa。
优选地,所述步骤(2)中的高温烧结的温度为800-1000℃,反应时间为2-3h。
优选地,所述步骤(3)中的超声处理的频率为50-60KHz,功率为300W,超声时间为60-75分钟。
优选地,所述步骤(3)中的过筛孔径为500目。
优选地,所述步骤(4)中的脱模干燥的温度控制在65-70℃:
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下有益效果:
(1) 本发明所述的掺杂稀土铈的热敏电阻材料制备方法步骤简单易行,原材料易得,均为市面上常见材料,价格便宜。
(2)通过本发明所述的掺杂稀土铈的热敏电阻材料的制备方法获得的电阻材料在电化学性能上较市面上常见的同类材料有明显的提升,电阻率增加、B值减小,材料样本稳定性好、耐老化。
(3)通过本发明所述的掺杂稀土铈的热敏电阻材料的制备方法获得的电阻材料在精密仪器方面有较大的应用前景,例如透析仪、DNA测序仪、血液分析仪等。
具体实施方式
以下通过结合下述具体实施方式进一步说明本发明。需要指出的是,以下具体实施方式仅用于解释本发明,并不用于对本发明的内容进行限定。
本发明提供的掺杂稀土铈的热敏电阻材料利用硝酸铈和草酸钠反应提供稀土铈,较大程度的改变了原有热敏电阻材料的B值和电阻率。传统的NTC热敏陶瓷的导电原理为电子在尖晶石结构B位中同种金属不同的变价离子之间的跳跃而产生的跳跃电导,而Mn和Co都有多种变价离子,它们的阳离子分布比较复杂,B 位可能存在Mn4+ 、Mn3+ 和Co3+ 、Co2+等多种离子。通过检测发现,在掺杂稀土铈后,晶粒变小,晶界增多,在负温度系数热敏陶瓷材料中,晶粒是半导体,而晶界是高阻层,而晶界是承受电压的主要单位。同时在掺杂稀土铈后获得的热敏电阻材料的稳定性高,耐老化性能好。
下面通过实施例进一步阐明本发明。需要指出的是,本发明并非仅局限于所述实施例。
实施例1
(1)将MnO 5份、AlCl3 2份、B2O3 3份、Fe3O4 5份、ZnO3 5份、Al2O3 2份、SiO2 10份、尖晶石20份,置于球磨罐中,然后加入分散介质,进行球磨,球磨转速为100转/分钟,球磨时间为3h,然后在65℃温度下烘干得到粉末混合物,其中分散介质为无水乙醇、异丁醇、石蜡油和焦磷酸钠的混合物,其摩尔质量比为无水乙醇:异丁醇:石蜡油:焦磷酸钠为7:5:5:1,;
(2)将步骤(1)的粉末混合物中加入硝酸铈1份、草酸钠4份、聚乙烯醇4份、3-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷1份中进行熔融,在氮气气体保护的气氛中做高温烧结,高温烧结的温度为800℃,反应时间为2h,然后自然冷却至室温,其中氮气气体流入速率为0.5L/min,保持炉内气压为2Mpa;
(3)将步骤(2)的反应物加入到超声震荡器中打碎,超声处理的频率为50KHz,功率为300W,超声时间为60分钟,过筛分选得到小颗粒产物,其中过筛孔径为500目;
(4)将步骤(3)的产物进行压制成型,脱模干燥,即得成品,其中脱模干燥的温度控制在65-70℃。
实施例2
(1)将MnO 6份、AlCl3 3份、B2O3 4份、Fe3O4 6份、ZnO3 6份、Al2O3 3份、SiO2 13份、尖晶石25份,置于球磨罐中,然后加入分散介质,进行球磨,球磨转速为200转/分钟,球磨时间为4h,然后在70℃温度下烘干得到粉末混合物,其中分散介质为无水乙醇、异丁醇、石蜡油和焦磷酸钠的混合物,其摩尔质量比为无水乙醇:异丁醇:石蜡油:焦磷酸钠为7:5:5:1,;
(2)将步骤(1)的粉末混合物中加入硝酸铈2份、草酸钠6份、聚乙烯醇6份、乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷2份中进行熔融,在氮气气体保护的气氛中做高温烧结,高温烧结的温度为900℃,反应时间为2.3h,然后自然冷却至室温,其中氮气气体流入速率为0.5L/min,保持炉内气压为3Mpa;
(3)将步骤(2)的反应物加入到超声震荡器中打碎,超声处理的频率为55KHz,功率为300W,超声时间为65分钟,过筛分选得到小颗粒产物,其中过筛孔径为500目;
(4)将步骤(3)的产物进行压制成型,脱模干燥,即得成品,其中脱模干燥的温度控制在65-70℃。
实施例3
(1)将MnO 7份、AlCl3 3份、B2O3 5份、Fe3O4 8份、ZnO3 7份、Al2O3 5份、SiO2 17份、尖晶石30份,置于球磨罐中,然后加入分散介质,进行球磨,球磨转速为400转/分钟,球磨时间为5h,然后在80℃温度下烘干得到粉末混合物,其中分散介质为无水乙醇、异丁醇、石蜡油和焦磷酸钠的混合物,其摩尔质量比为无水乙醇:异丁醇:石蜡油:焦磷酸钠为7:5:5:1,;
(2)将步骤(1)的粉末混合物中加入硝酸铈2份、草酸钠7份、聚乙烯醇9份、γ―氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷3份中进行熔融,在氮气气体保护的气氛中做高温烧结,高温烧结的温度为950℃,反应时间为2.7h,然后自然冷却至室温,其中氮气气体流入速率为0.5L/min,保持炉内气压为4Mpa;
(3)将步骤(2)的反应物加入到超声震荡器中打碎,超声处理的频率为55KHz,功率为300W,超声时间为70分钟,过筛分选得到小颗粒产物,其中过筛孔径为500目;
(4)将步骤(3)的产物进行压制成型,脱模干燥,即得成品,其中脱模干燥的温度控制在65-70℃。
实施例4
(1)将MnO 8份、AlCl3 4份、B2O3 6份、Fe3O4 9份、ZnO3 8份、Al2O3 6份、SiO2 18份、尖晶石35份,置于球磨罐中,然后加入分散介质,进行球磨,球磨转速为500转/分钟,球磨时间为6h,然后在90℃温度下烘干得到粉末混合物,其中分散介质为无水乙醇、异丁醇、石蜡油和焦磷酸钠的混合物,其摩尔质量比为无水乙醇:异丁醇:石蜡油:焦磷酸钠为7:5:5:1,;
(2)将步骤(1)的粉末混合物中加入硝酸铈3份、草酸钠8份、聚乙烯醇10份、乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷4份中进行熔融,在氮气气体保护的气氛中做高温烧结,高温烧结的温度为1000℃,反应时间为3h,然后自然冷却至室温,其中氮气气体流入速率为0.5L/min,保持炉内气压为5Mpa;
(3)将步骤(2)的反应物加入到超声震荡器中打碎,超声处理的频率为60KHz,功率为300W,超声时间为75分钟,过筛分选得到小颗粒产物,其中过筛孔径为500目;
(4)将步骤(3)的产物进行压制成型,脱模干燥,即得成品,其中脱模干燥的温度控制在65-70℃。
对比例1
(1)将MnO 5份、AlCl3 2份、B2O3 3份、Fe3O4 5份、ZnO3 5份、Al2O3 2份、SiO2 10份、尖晶石20份,置于球磨罐中,然后加入分散介质,进行球磨,球磨转速为100转/分钟,球磨时间为3h,然后在65℃温度下烘干得到粉末混合物,其中分散介质为无水乙醇、异丁醇、石蜡油和焦磷酸钠的混合物,其摩尔质量比为无水乙醇:异丁醇:石蜡油:焦磷酸钠为7:5:5:1,;
(2)将步骤(1)的粉末混合物中加入聚乙烯醇4份、3-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷1份中进行熔融,在氮气气体保护的气氛中做高温烧结,高温烧结的温度为800℃,反应时间为2h,然后自然冷却至室温,其中氮气气体流入速率为0.5L/min,保持炉内气压为2Mpa;
(3)将步骤(2)的反应物加入到超声震荡器中打碎,超声处理的频率为50KHz,功率为300W,超声时间为60分钟,过筛分选得到小颗粒产物,其中过筛孔径为500目;
(4)将步骤(3)的产物进行压制成型,脱模干燥,即得成品,其中脱模干燥的温度控制在65-70℃。
对比例2
(1)将MnO 8份、AlCl3 4份、B2O3 6份、Fe3O4 9份、ZnO3 8份、Al2O3 6份、SiO2 18份、尖晶石35份,置于球磨罐中,然后加入分散介质,进行球磨,球磨转速为500转/分钟,球磨时间为6h,然后在90℃温度下烘干得到粉末混合物,其中分散介质为无水乙醇、异丁醇、石蜡油和焦磷酸钠的混合物,其摩尔质量比为无水乙醇:异丁醇:石蜡油:焦磷酸钠为7:5:5:1,;
(2)将步骤(1)的粉末混合物中加入硝酸铈3份、草酸钠8份、聚乙烯醇10份、乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷4份中进行熔融,进行高温烧结,高温烧结的温度为1000℃,反应时间为3h,然后自然冷却至室温;
(3)将步骤(2)的反应物加入到超声震荡器中打碎,超声处理的频率为60KHz,功率为300W,超声时间为75分钟,过筛分选得到小颗粒产物,其中过筛孔径为500目;
(4)将步骤(3)的产物进行压制成型,脱模干燥,即得成品,其中脱模干燥的温度控制在65-70℃。
将实施例1-4和对比例1-2的制得的掺杂稀土铈的热敏电阻材料分别进行电阻率、B值、耐老化性能这几项性能测试,测试结果见表1。
表1
电阻率 Ωcm | B值K | 耐老化性能 ΔR25/R25 | |
实施例1 | 948 | 4040 | 0.013 |
实施例2 | 940 | 4095 | 0.019 |
实施例3 | 935 | 4014 | 0.011 |
实施例4 | 937 | 4070 | 0.016 |
对比例1 | 520 | 5590 | 0.072 |
对比例2 | 619 | 4730 | 0.066 |
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式,其描述较为具体和详细,但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进,这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.掺杂稀土铈的热敏电阻材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)将MnO 5-8份、AlCl3 2-4份、B2O3 3-6份、Fe3O4 5-9份、ZnO3 5-8份、Al2O3 2-6份、SiO2 10-18份、尖晶石20-35份,置于球磨罐中,然后加入分散介质,进行球磨,烘干得到粉末混合物;
(2)将步骤(1)的粉末混合物中加入硝酸铈1-3份、草酸钠4-8份、聚乙烯醇4-10份、偶联剂1-4份中进行熔融,在惰性气体保护的气氛中做高温烧结,然后自然冷却至室温;
(3)将步骤(2)的反应物加入到超声震荡器中打碎,过筛分选得到小颗粒产物;
(4)将步骤(3)的产物进行压制成型,脱模干燥,即得成品。
2.根据权利要求1所述的掺杂稀土铈的热敏电阻材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中的分散介质为无水乙醇、异丁醇、石蜡油和焦磷酸钠的混合物,其摩尔质量比为无水乙醇:异丁醇:石蜡油:焦磷酸钠为7:5:5:1。
3.根据权利要求1所述的掺杂稀土铈的热敏电阻材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中的球磨转速为100-500转/分钟,球磨时间为3-6h。
4.根据权利要求1所述的掺杂稀土铈的热敏电阻材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中的烘干温度为65-90℃。
5.根据权利要求1所述的掺杂稀土铈的热敏电阻材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)中的偶联剂选自3-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、γ―氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷中的一种或几种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的掺杂稀土铈的热敏电阻材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)中的惰性气体为氮气,气体流入速率为0.5L/min,保持炉内气压为2-5MPa。
7.根据权利要求1所述的掺杂稀土铈的热敏电阻材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)中的高温烧结的温度为800-1000℃,反应时间为2-3h。
8.根据权利要求1所述的掺杂稀土铈的热敏电阻材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(3)中的超声处理的频率为50-60KHz,功率为300W,超声时间为60-75分钟。
9.根据权利要求1所述的掺杂稀土铈的热敏电阻材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(3)中的过筛孔径为500目。
10.根据权利要求1所述的掺杂稀土铈的热敏电阻材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(4)中的脱模干燥的温度控制在65-70℃。
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CN111180151B (zh) * | 2020-01-03 | 2021-08-03 | 北京科技大学 | 基于交变频率的正、负、Delta温度系数热敏电阻主动切换法 |
CN113956038A (zh) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-01-21 | 中国科学院新疆理化技术研究所 | 一种铈掺杂钙钛矿型高温热敏陶瓷电阻材料及其制备方法 |
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