CN108633081B - 用于检测和避免无线传感器网络中的无线电干扰的系统和方法 - Google Patents

用于检测和避免无线传感器网络中的无线电干扰的系统和方法 Download PDF

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CN108633081B
CN108633081B CN201810229713.3A CN201810229713A CN108633081B CN 108633081 B CN108633081 B CN 108633081B CN 201810229713 A CN201810229713 A CN 201810229713A CN 108633081 B CN108633081 B CN 108633081B
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K.埃斯基尔森
S.苏尔什
T.温克勒
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Andingbao
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Abstract

用于检测和避免无线传感器网络中的无线电干扰的系统和方法。用于检测和避免无线传感器网络中的无线电干扰的一些方法可以包括接入点设备经由无线电信道向多个使能IoT的设备周期性地传输信标消息，在接收到信标消息时，使能IoT的设备尝试解码该信标消息，使能IoT的设备测量成功解码的信标消息的信号强度并且将成功解码的信标消息的信号强度作为信号强度数据存储在使能IoT的设备的存储器中，使能IoT的设备响应于不能解码的信标消息来增加存储在使能IoT的设备的存储器中的错失的信标计数器，多个使能IoT的设备中的每个周期性地向接入点设备传输存储的数据，并且接入点设备使用接收的数据来识别干扰源，或无线电信道上的干扰问题或者衰减问题。

Description

用于检测和避免无线传感器网络中的无线电干扰的系统和 方法
技术领域
本发明一般地涉及无线传感器网络。更特别地，本发明涉及用于检测和避免无线传感器网络中的无线电干扰的系统和方法。
背景技术
诸如家用物品之类的许多消费者电子设备是使能物联网（IoT）的设备，使得这些设备有能力连接到因特网，使得可以通过因特网收集和交换数据。此外，许多使能IoT的设备可以无线连接到因特网，使得每个设备不需要联线（tether）到路由器的线缆。
已知的使能IoT的设备使用一个或多个通信协议进行通信，所述一个或多个通信协议包括例如WiFi、6LowPan、Zigbee PRO、Zigbee iControl和线程（Thread）。尽管存在用于IoT设备通信的不同的协议标准，但所有已知的使能IoT的设备都使用2.4GHz无线电频带进行通信，由此可能引起彼此的有害干扰。此外，由于使能IoT的设备之间的通信主要是突发模态通信，所以由这种通信引起的设备间干扰难以用传统的RF干扰（jamming）检测算法来检测。由于这些原因和其他原因，在2.4GHz无线电频带上通信的设备的共存是一个问题，这可能引起地区中存在的所有此类设备的差的RF性能。
鉴于上述情况，存在对于改进的系统和方法的不断的、持续的需要。
附图说明
图 1是根据所公开的实施例的系统的框图。
具体实施方式
虽然本发明可以有许多不同形式的实施例，但是在附图中示出并且将在此详细描述其具体实施例，应当理解的是，本公开应当被认为是本发明原理的示例。并不旨在将本发明限制于具体说明的实施例。
本文所公开的实施例可以包括用于检测和避免在无线传感器网络中的无线电干扰的系统和方法。例如，本文所公开的一些系统和方法可以包括检测在2.4GHz无线电频带上通信的使能IoT的设备并确保此类设备之间的可靠通信而无需用户干预。实际上，本文公开的系统和方法有利地可以在干扰发生时检测2.4GHz无线电频带上的干扰，并且与已知的系统和方法不同，不等待检测干扰直到不传递事件消息。因此，本文公开的系统和方法可以通过在发生诸如火灾或攻击之类的危险事件之前采取纠正行动来促进用户解决干扰问题。
根据所公开的实施例，接入点设备可以在通信无线电信道上将周期性信标消息传输到使能IoT的设备，以测试到使能IoT的设备的无线电信道的完整性。 例如，在一些实施例中，接入点设备可以每四分之一秒传输信标消息或每分钟传输240个信标，并且与接入点设备通信的每个使能IoT的设备可以知道何时发送信标，从而唤醒或退出低功率睡眠状态以接收信标消息或对错失的信标计数。
当使能IoT的设备接收到信标消息时，使能IoT的设备可以针对准确性和信标消息的信号强度检查信标消息，并将其记录在使能IoT的设备的存储器中。 当在携带信标消息的无线电信道上存在有害干扰时，信标消息将被破坏，并且使能IoT的设备将不能对信标消息进行解码。这可以被称为错失信标消息。使能IoT的设备可以对从接入点设备接收的错失信标的数量计数和存储从接入点设备接收的错失信标的数量，可以存储接收的和解码的信标消息的信号强度，并且可以将这样的错失信标和信号强度数据周期性地传输到接入点设备和/或周期性地传输到中央控制处理器用于对其的分析。例如，在一些实施例中，干扰可以是间歇的，并且使能IoT的设备可以在最小干扰的一个或多个时间段期间传输错失的信标和信号强度数据。
例如，接入点设备和/或中央控制处理器可以处理从一个或多个使能IoT的设备接收的数据，并且当特定的使能IoT的设备正在经历高错失信标率时，例如，多于预定阈值量，确定该特定的使能IoT的设备太靠近于干扰源并且应该移动到另一个位置。然而，当许多使能IoT的设备，例如，多于预定阈值量，正在经历高错失信标率时，接入点设备和/或中央控制处理器可以确定在其上使能IoT的设备正在发生的系统中的通信的第一2.4GHz信道上存在干扰，并且这种通信应该从第一2.4GHz信道移动第二不同的2.4GHz信道。
在一些实施例中，如本文所公开和描述的由使能IoT的设备接收的信标消息的信号强度中的波动可以指示在携带那些信标消息的无线电信道中出现的衰减的量。 因此，当由例如多于预定量的许多使能IoT的设备接收到的信标消息的信号强度低于最小所需信号强度阈值量时，接入点和/或中央监视处理器可以确定在使能IoT的设备是其部分的系统中的通信正在其上发生的第一2.4GHz信道上存在衰减，并且这样的通信应该从第一2.4GHz信道移动到第二不同的2.4GHz信道。 然而，当仅由特定的使能IoT的设备接收的信标消息的信号强度低于最小所需信号强度时，接入点和/或中央监视处理器可以确定该特定的使能IoT的设备太接近干扰源并且应该被移动到另一个位置。
在一些实施例中，如本文中所公开和描述的由使能IoT的设备接收的信标消息的信号强度中的波动也可以指示区域内的移动。 因此，接入点设备和/或中央监视处理器可以针对系统中的所有使能IoT的设备聚合信号强度数据，并使用聚合的数据来确定该区域中的人数以及那些人在该区域内的移动。例如，在监视老年人时或在响应火灾或盗窃时，例如，通过将第一响应者引导到人所在的地方或通过跟踪入侵者的路径，可以使用这样的确定。
图1是根据所公开的实施例的系统100的框图。如在图1所看到的，系统100可以包括在无线电信道130上与接入点设备120通信的多个无线使能IoT的传感器或设备110。在一些实施例中，接入点设备120可以在无线电信道130上每四分之一秒传输RF信标消息，并且当接入点设备120传输信标消息时，多个无线使能IoT的传感器或设备110中的每一个可以唤醒或退出低功率睡眠状态以接收和解码信标消息。
在接收到信标消息时，如果使能IoT的传感器或设备110可以解码信标消息，则使能IoT的传感器或设备110 可以测量信标消息的信号强度并将其存储在使能IoT的传感器或设备110的存储器中。然而，在接收到信标消息时，如果使能IoT的传感器或设备110不能解码信标消息，则使能IoT的传感器或设备110可以增加使能IoT的传感器或设备110的存储器中的错失信标计数器。多个使能IoT的传感器或设备110中的每一个可以累积和存储测量的信号强度以及错失的信标计数器，直到从接入点设备120请求此类数据。
例如，接入点设备120可以请求和接收来自多个使能IoT的传感器或设备110中的每个的测量的信号强度数据和/或错失的信标数据。然后，如上文和本处所公开和描述的，接入点设备120可处理所接收的数据或将所接收的数据传输到中央监视处理器140用于对其的处理。在多个使能IoT的传感器或设备110之一将错失的信标数据传输到接入点120之后，该传感器或设备110可以将其错失的信标计数器重置为零以重置由该传感器或设备110接收的错失的信标的计数。
应当理解，如在此公开和描述的多个使能IoT的传感器或设备110中的每一个、接入点120和中央监视处理器140都可以包括收发器设备和存储器设备，其中的每一个可以与相应的控制电路、一个或多个可编程处理器以及可执行控制软件通信，如将由本领域普通技术人员理解的那样。可执行控制软件可以存储在暂时性或非暂时性计算机可读介质上，暂时性或非暂时性计算机可读介质包括但不限于本地计算机存储器、RAM、光存储介质、磁存储介质、闪存以及诸如此类。
在一些实施例中，控制电路、可编程处理器和控制软件中的一些或全部可以执行和控制上面和这里公开和描述的方法中至少一些方法。 例如，在一些实施例中，控制电路、可编程处理器和控制软件中的一些或全部可以控制信标消息的传输和接收，可以识别何时信标消息是错失的信标，可以对错失的信标的数量计数，可以解码信标消息，可以测量解码的信标消息的信号强度，可以存储测量的信号强度数据和错失的信标数据，可控制测量的信号强度数据和错失的信标数据的传输和接收，并且可以分析测量的信号强度数据或错失的信标数据以识别设备附近的干扰源、识别无线电信道上的干扰、识别无线电信道上的衰减或识别周围区域中的人的数量和移动。
尽管以上已经详细描述了几个实施例，但是其他修改也是有可能的。 例如，上述的逻辑流程不需要所描述的特定顺序或次序来实现期望的结果。可以提供其他步骤，可以从描述的流程中去除步骤，并且可以将其他部件添加到所描述的系统中或从该系统中去除。其他的实施例可以在本发明的范围内。
根据上述内容，将观察到，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下，可以进行许多变化和修改。应当理解的是，不意图或不应推断关于本文描述的特定系统或方法的限制。当然，意图在于涵盖落在本发明的精神和范围内的所有这样的修改。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于检测和避免无线电干扰的方法，包括：
接入点设备，其经由无线电信道周期性地向多个使能IoT的设备传输信标消息；
在接收到所述信标消息时，所述多个使能IoT的设备中的每一个尝试解码所述信标消息；
当所述信标消息被成功解码时，所述多个使能IoT的设备中的每一个测量所述信标消息的信号强度并且将所述信标消息的信号强度作为信号强度数据存储在所述多个使能IoT的设备中的相应一个的存储器中；
当所述信标消息不能被解码时，所述多个使能IoT的设备中的每一个增加存储在所述多个使能IoT的设备中的相应一个的存储器中的错失的信标计数器；
所述多个使能IoT的设备中的每一个周期性地向所述接入点设备传输所述信号强度数据和所述错失的信标计数器的数量；和
接入点设备使用信号强度数据或错失的信标计数器的数量来识别干扰源、无线电信道上的干扰问题或无线电信道上的衰减问题。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述无线电信道在2.4GHz频带中操作。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法，还包括所述接入点设备每四分之一秒传输所述信标消息。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，还包括所述多个使能IoT的设备中的每一个周期性地退出低功率睡眠状态以接收所述信标消息。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法，进一步包括：当来自多个使能IoT的设备之一的所述错失的信标计数器的数量高于预定阈值时，所述接入点设备确定所述多个使能IoT的设备之一接近干扰源。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法，还包括：当来自预定数量的多个使能IoT的设备的错失的信标计数器的数量高于预定阈值时，接入点设备识别无线电信道上的干扰问题。
7.如权利要求1所述的方法，还包括：
接入点设备从预定数量的多个使能IoT的设备识别信号强度数据的波动量；和
接入点设备在波动量低于预定阈值时识别无线电信道上的衰减问题。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法，还包括：
接入点设备从多个使能IoT的设备之一识别信号强度数据的波动量；和
当波动量低于预定阈值时，接入点设备确定多个使能IoT的设备之一接近干扰源。
9.根据权利要求1所述的方法，还包括：
接入点设备聚合来自多个使能IoT的设备中的每一个的信号强度数据；
接入点设备识别来自多个使能IoT的设备中的每一个的信号强度数据的波动量；和
接入点设备基于所述波动量识别周围区域内的人或物体的存在、数量或移动。
10.根据权利要求1所述的方法，还包括：响应于来自接入点设备的请求消息，多个使能IoT的设备中的每一个周期性地向接入点设备传输信号强度数据和错失的信标计数器的数量。
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