CN108630964A - 车辆用燃料电池系统 - Google Patents
车辆用燃料电池系统 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 51
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract description 45
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 45
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Abstract
本发明提供一种车辆用燃料电池系统。在安全阀不设置壳体、防水片材,就能够防止水进入。一种车辆用燃料电池系统(1),其具有:燃料电池组(11),其配置于车辆(10)的前室(20);动力控制单元(13),其进行燃料电池组(11)的输出控制;氢供给通路(3),其向燃料电池组(11)供给氢气;以及安全阀(15),其设置于氢供给通路(3)的中途,安全阀(15)在前室(20)内配置于比燃料电池组(11)靠上侧的位置,排气口(18)以从该排气口(18)排出的氢气向重力方向下侧喷出的方式相对于动力控制单元(13)的壳体(13a)的上表面(13u)设置有间隙地相对配置。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及搭载于燃料电池车辆的车辆用燃料电池系统。
背景技术
近年来,搭载有燃料电池系统的燃料电池车辆被实用化。在搭载于燃料电池车辆的车辆用燃料电池系统中,在气体供给通路的中途设置有安全阀,以使向燃料电池组供给燃料气体的气体供给通路的压力不会变得过高(参照专利文献1)。并且,若气体供给通路的压力变得比设定压力高,则安全阀打开,以使得气体供给通路的压力不比设定压力高。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开2014-135219号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的问题
然而,搭载于燃料电池车辆的车辆用燃料电池系统配置于车辆地板下、前室,因此,水有可能进入安全阀。若水进入安全阀,则有可能生锈而导致安全阀打不开的开阀不良。因此,在车辆用燃料电池系统中,需要将安全阀收纳于密闭构造的壳体,或在安全阀设置防水片材。
因此,本发明是为了解决上述的问题点而做成的,目的在于提供一种不在安全阀设置壳体、防水片材,就能够防止水进入的车辆用燃料电池系统。
用于解决问题的方案
为了解决上述问题而做成的本发明的一形态的一种搭载于燃料电池车辆的车辆用燃料电池系统,其特征在于,该车辆用燃料电池系统具有:燃料电池组,其配置于车辆的前室;动力控制单元,其进行所述燃料电池组的输出控制;气体供给通路,其向所述燃料电池组供给燃料气体;以及安全阀,其设置于所述气体供给通路的中途,所述安全阀在所述前室内配置于比所述燃料电池组靠上侧的位置,设置于所述安全阀的排气口以从所述排气口排出的燃料气体向重力方向下侧喷出的方式相对于另一零部件的平坦面设置有间隙地相对配置。
在该车辆用燃料电池系统中,安全阀在前室内配置于比燃料电池组靠上侧的位置,因此,能够防止没于水中。另外,设置于安全阀的排气口以从该排气口排出的燃料气体向重力方向下侧喷出的方式相对于另一零部件的平坦面设置有间隙地相对配置,因此,即使在车辆行驶时、高压洗车时水进入到前室内,也能够防止水从排气口向安全阀进入。因此,无需将安全阀收纳于密闭构造的壳体,或在安全阀设置防水片材。也就是说,不在安全阀设置壳体、防水片材,就能够防止水进入安全阀。如此无需壳体、防水片材,因此,也能够谋求车辆用燃料电池系统的低成本化。
另外,燃料气体从安全阀的排气口朝向另一零部件的平坦面喷出,因此,电连接器等的触点不位于来自安全阀的燃料气体的喷出目的地,因此,能够提高打开了安全阀时(溢流时)的安全性。另外,通常能够将安全阀配置于燃料气体检测器的附近,该燃料气体检测器配置于前室的最上位置。而且,燃料气体从安全阀朝向平坦面向重力方向下侧喷出,因此,喷射来的燃料气体在碰到平坦面之后向前室的上侧流动。因而,在打开了安全阀时(溢流时)能够迅速地检测燃料气体的泄漏。
在上述的车辆用燃料电池系统中,优选的是,所述另一零部件的平坦面是所述燃料电池组的壳体上表面、或所述动力控制单元的壳体上表面。
利用这样的结构,燃料气体从安全阀朝向占有比较大的面积的壳体上表面喷出,因此,从安全阀喷出来的燃料气体瞬时大范围地扩散而被稀释,因此,能够更加提高打开了安全阀时(溢流时)的安全性。
发明的效果
根据本发明的车辆用燃料电池系统,不在安全阀设置壳体、防水片材,就能够防止水进入安全阀。
附图说明
图1是燃料电池系统的概略构成图。
图2是表示前室内的各零部件的配置位置的图。
图3是表示安全阀的概略结构和配置位置的图。
附图标记说明
1、燃料电池系统;3、氢供给通路;10、车辆;11、燃料电池组;11a、壳体;11u、上表面;13、动力控制单元;13a、壳体;13u、上表面;15、安全阀;18、排气口;20、前室。
具体实施方式
一边参照图1~图3一边详细地说明作为本发明的实施方式的燃料电池系统。该燃料电池系统1被搭载于燃料电池车辆,是为了向其驱动用马达(省略图示)供给电力而使用的。并且,如图1所示,燃料电池系统1具备燃料电池组(FC组)11、动力控制单元(FCPC)13以及氢气储气瓶2。
燃料电池组11接受作为燃料气体的氢气和作为氧化剂气体的空气的供给而进行发电。如图2所示,该燃料电池组11被收纳于截面呈矩形形状的密闭构造的壳体11a而配置于在车辆10的主体10b设置的前室20内。即、配置于借助防振构件22安装到设置于车辆10的悬架构件21的端部的安装框架23上。由燃料电池组11发电的电力经由动力控制单元13向车辆的驱动用马达(未图示)供给。动力控制单元13被收纳于截面呈矩形形状的密闭构造的壳体13a而配置于燃料电池组11的上方(壳体11a的上表面11u)。驱动用马达基于另外的指令而被控制。在氢气储气瓶2储存有高压的氢气。
在燃料电池组11的阳极侧设置有:氢供给通路3,其用于从氢气储气瓶2向燃料电池组11供给氢气;以及氢排出通路4,其用于将从燃料电池组11导出的无氢气体排出。氢供给通路3相当于本发明的气体供给通路的一个例子。在氢气储气瓶2的正下游的氢供给通路3设置有对氢气从氢气储气瓶2向氢供给通路3的供给和阻断进行切换的由电磁阀构成的主截止阀5。
在氢供给通路3的比主截止阀5靠下游的部分设置有用于对氢气的压力进行减压的高压调节器7。在氢供给通路3的比高压调节器7靠下游的部分设置有用于对向燃料电池组11供给的氢气流量进行调节的喷射器14。在氢供给通路3的喷射器14的正上游的部分设置有用于对高压调节器7与喷射器14之间的压力进行检测的压力传感器31。
在氢供给通路3的比喷射器14靠下游的部分设置有用于对喷射器14与燃料电池组11之间的压力进行检测的压力传感器32。并且,在喷射器14与燃料电池组11之间、详细而言在喷射器14与压力传感器32之间设置有安全阀15。若氢供给通路3中的喷射器14与燃料电池组11之间的压力成为预定压力以上,则安全阀15开阀而将压力调整成小于预定压力。由此,氢供给通路3的喷射器14与燃料电池组11之间的部分的压力不会变得过高。
另外,在氢排出通路4中,从燃料电池组11侧依次配置有:气液分离器35,其使无氢气体内的水分分离;以及排气排水阀36,其对无氢气体、水分的从气液分离器35向设置于阴极侧的稀释器56的排出和阻断进行切换。
另一方面,在燃料电池组11的阴极侧设置有:空气供给通路41,其用于向燃料电池组11供给空气;空气排出通路42,其用于将从燃料电池组11导出的无空气气体排出;以及旁通通路43,其将空气供给通路41和空气排出通路42连接。旁通通路43是用于使空气不经由燃料电池组11就从空气供给通路41向空气排出通路42流动的通路。
在空气供给通路41从空气净化器51侧依次设置有:压缩机52,其将空气向燃料电池组11供给;中间冷却器53,其对空气进行冷却;以及上游侧阀54,其对空气向燃料电池组11的供给和阻断进行切换。此外,空气净化器51是对从燃料电池系统1的外部导入的空气进行清洁化的设备。
另外,在空气排出通路42从燃料电池组11侧依次配置有:下游侧阀55,其对燃料电池组11的背压进行调整而对来自燃料电池组11的无空气气体的排出量进行控制;以及稀释器56,其利用无空气气体和在旁通通路43中流动的空气来对从氢排出通路4排出的无氢气体进行稀释。此外,在旁通通路43设置有旁通阀57,旁通通路43中的空气的流量被旁通阀57控制。
在这样的结构的燃料电池系统1中,从氢气储气瓶2导出的氢气经过氢供给通路3,经由主截止阀5、高压调节器7以及喷射器14向燃料电池组11供给。另一方面,由压缩机52向空气供给通路41喷出来的空气向燃料电池组11供给。由此,在燃料电池组11中进行发电。
并且,供给到燃料电池组11的氢气于在燃料电池组11用于发电了之后,从燃料电池组11作为无氢气体经由氢排出通路4和稀释器56向燃料电池系统1的外部排出。另外,供给到燃料电池组11的空气于在燃料电池组11用于发电了之后,从燃料电池组11作为无空气气体经由空气排出通路42和稀释器56向燃料电池系统1的外部排出。
在此,如图3所示,安全阀15具有:阀外壳16;活塞17,其在阀外壳16内滑动;排气口18;以及弹簧19,其对活塞17向闭阀方向施力。阀外壳16与形成氢供给通路3的配管构件一体化,并具备与氢供给通路3连通的流入口16a和在流入口16a的周围形成的阀座16b。活塞17在流入口16a侧设置有阀芯17a。在该活塞17的排气口18侧配置有弹簧19,活塞17被弹簧19向流入口16a侧(闭阀方向)施力。由此,活塞17的阀芯17a被按压于阀座16b。
并且,若氢供给通路3中的喷射器14与燃料电池组11之间的压力成为预定压力以上,则活塞17克服弹簧19的作用力而向排气口18侧移动,阀芯17a与阀座16b分开。由此,安全阀15被开阀,氢气从排气口18排出,氢供给通路3的压力被调整成小于预定压力。
对于这样的安全阀15,在车辆10的前室20内,在图2中以单点划线所示的比燃料电池组11靠上侧(以例如距地上的高度计,是500mm以上)的搭载位置,排气口18以在溢流时从排气口18排出的氢气向重力方向下侧喷出的方式相对于配置于前室20的另一零部件的平坦面设置有预定的间隙(几mm左右)地相对配置。在本实施方式中,如图3所示,安全阀15的排气口18与动力控制单元13的壳体13a的上表面13u相对配置。
因此,能够防止安全阀15没于水中,并且,即使在车辆行驶时、高压洗车时水进入到前室20内,也能够防止水从排气口18向安全阀15进入。因而,无需将安全阀15收纳于密闭构造的壳体,或在安全阀15设置防水片材。也就是说,不在安全阀15设置壳体、防水片材,就能够防止水进入安全阀15。另外,在安全阀15无需壳体、防水片材,因此,也能够谋求燃料电池系统1的低成本化。
并且,在溢流时,氢气从安全阀15的排气口18朝向另一零部件的平坦面(本实施方式中,动力控制单元13的壳体13a的上表面13u)喷出。因此,电连接器等的触点不会位于来自安全阀15的氢气的喷出目的地,因此,能够提高打开了安全阀15时的安全性。另外,氢气从安全阀15朝向占有比较大的面积的动力控制单元13的壳体13a的上表面13u喷出,因此,从安全阀15喷出来的氢气瞬时大范围地扩散而被稀释,因此,能够更加提高打开了安全阀15时的安全性。
另外,如图3所示,能够将安全阀15配置于氢气检测器8的附近,该氢气检测器8配置于前室20的最上位置(罩10f的正下方)。而且,氢气从安全阀15朝向平坦面(壳体13a的上表面13u)向重力方向下侧喷出,因此,喷出来的氢气碰到平坦面(壳体13a的上表面13u)而大范围地扩散,向前室20的上侧流动。因此,在打开了安全阀15时(溢流时),能够利用氢气检测器8迅速地检测氢气的泄漏。
以上,如详细地说明那样,根据本实施方式的燃料电池系统1,安全阀15在前室20内配置于比燃料电池组11靠上侧的位置,设置于安全阀15的排气口18以从该排气口18排出的氢气向重力方向下侧喷出的方式相对于动力控制单元13的壳体13a的上表面13u设置有间隙地相对配置。因此,在安全阀15不设置壳体、防水片材,即使在车辆行驶时、高压洗车时水进入到前室20内,也能够防止水从排气口18进入安全阀15。
此外,上述的实施方式只不过是例示,对本发明没有任何限定,当然在不脱离其主旨的范围内可进行各种改良、变形。例如,在上述的实施方式中,将安全阀15以排气口18与动力控制单元13的壳体13a的上表面13u相对的方式配置,但也可以配置为排气口18与燃料电池组11的壳体11a的上表面11u相对。
Claims (2)
1.一种车辆用燃料电池系统,其被搭载于燃料电池车辆,其特征在于,
该车辆用燃料电池系统具有:
燃料电池组,其配置于车辆的前室;
动力控制单元,其进行所述燃料电池组的输出控制;
气体供给通路,其向所述燃料电池组供给燃料气体;以及
安全阀,其设置于所述气体供给通路的中途,
所述安全阀在所述前室内配置于比所述燃料电池组靠上侧的位置,
设置于所述安全阀的排气口以从所述排气口排出的燃料气体向重力方向下侧喷出的方式相对于另一零部件的平坦面设置有间隙地相对配置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的车辆用燃料电池系统,其特征在于,
所述另一零部件的平坦面是所述燃料电池组的壳体上表面、或所述动力控制单元的壳体上表面。
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