CN108615976B - Radome-based dual-passband/wide-stopband reconfigurable frequency selection surface - Google Patents
Radome-based dual-passband/wide-stopband reconfigurable frequency selection surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN108615976B CN108615976B CN201810617349.8A CN201810617349A CN108615976B CN 108615976 B CN108615976 B CN 108615976B CN 201810617349 A CN201810617349 A CN 201810617349A CN 108615976 B CN108615976 B CN 108615976B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0013—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective
- H01Q15/002—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective said selective devices being reconfigurable or tunable, e.g. using switches or diodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
- H01Q1/422—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome comprising two or more layers of dielectric material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0013—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective
- H01Q15/0026—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective said selective devices having a stacked geometry or having multiple layers
Abstract
The invention provides a double-passband/wide-stopband reconfigurable frequency selection surface based on a radome, which comprises M x N two-dimensional resonance units which are periodically arranged, wherein each resonance unit comprises a first medium substrate, a foam interlayer and a second medium substrate, a cross-shaped metal patch, four bent metal patches with the same structure and a diode switch are printed on the upper surface of the first medium substrate, each bent metal patch consists of an L-shaped metal patch and a U-shaped metal patch, and a cross-shaped metal aperture and a bent metal aperture which are complementary to the cross-shaped metal patch and the bent metal patch on the first medium substrate are printed on the upper surface of the second medium substrate, so that the coupling between the cross-shaped metal patch and the bent metal patch is realized. The reconfigurable frequency selection surface of the double-frequency passband and the wide stopband is realized, the technical problem that the radar cannot resist interference in the wide frequency band when not working in the prior art is solved, and the reconfigurable frequency selection surface can be used for designing the radar cover of the radar system on the cruise ship.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microwaves, and particularly relates to a double-passband/wide-stopband reconfigurable frequency selection surface based on a radome, which can be applied to the design of radomes of radar systems on aircrafts and cruise ships.
Background
The frequency selective surface is a two-dimensional periodic planar structure which can be used for spatial filtering and has two forms of patches and apertures. When electromagnetic waves are incident on the surface, the patch type frequency selective surface exhibits a total reflection characteristic for the electromagnetic waves of a specific frequency, and the aperture type frequency selective surface exhibits a total transmission characteristic for the electromagnetic waves of a specific frequency. Due to its unique filtering function, the frequency selection surface has been widely applied to satellite communication, electromagnetic compatibility, and other aspects in recent years.
The radar system needs to reduce electromagnetic interference of external incoming waves to the radar while ensuring normal operation of the radar antenna. The radar cover is manufactured by utilizing the filtering characteristic of the frequency selective surface, and the transmission of electromagnetic waves transmitted or received by the radar antenna is not influenced, so that the radar normally works in a pass band of the frequency selective surface, and external electromagnetic waves outside the working frequency band of the radar cannot be transmitted, so that the external electromagnetic waves are reflected to all directions in space, and other electronic equipment in the radar can normally work; after the unit structure of the frequency selection surface is determined, the resonance characteristics such as the resonance frequency, the resonance bandwidth and the like of the frequency selection surface are also determined, and when the radar does not work, external electromagnetic waves in the passband range of the frequency selection surface can still transmit, so that electromagnetic interference is generated on electronic equipment.
In order to overcome the technical problems, a concept of a reconfigurable frequency selection surface is provided, the reconfigurable frequency selection surface is usually provided with active elements loaded in units so as to realize the adjustment of resonant frequency, when the radar does not work, the resonant passband is shifted out of the working frequency band of the radar, but the electromagnetic waves can still be transmitted in the resonant passband shifted out of the working frequency band of the radar, so that the electromagnetic interference is generated on electronic equipment, and the normal work of a radar system is influenced.
For example, building university has proposed a patent application entitled "ultra wide tunable range active frequency selective surface with strong coupling between cells" (application No. 201410152972.2, application publication No. CN103904388A), which discloses a frequency selective surface that uses strong coupling between cells to achieve movement of the entire structure over an ultra wide range of resonant frequencies. The structure is provided with a dielectric slab, a metal layer, a variable capacitance diode and an inductor, wherein the metal layer, the variable capacitance diode and the inductor are arranged on the front surface of the dielectric slab, the metal layer is vertical strip metal, two horizontal strip metal layers with different lengths are loaded on the horizontal direction of the vertical strip metal layer, the distance between the vertical strip metal layer and the two horizontal strip metal layers with different lengths is half of the length of a long strip metal layer in the two horizontal strip metal layers with different lengths, the two horizontal strip metal layers with different lengths are connected by the variable capacitance diode, the vertical strip metal layers are connected by the inductor, and the vertical strip metal layers are in seamless connection with the horizontal strip metal layers. The resonance frequency is adjustable within the range of 1.8-4.5 GHz by adjusting the capacitance value of the loaded variable capacitance diode, but when the resonance frequency band moves within the range, the electronic equipment is always subjected to electromagnetic interference of incoming electromagnetic waves within and outside the range of the resonance frequency band; and the low resonance frequency range leads to the large size of the active frequency selection surface unit, which is not beneficial to practical application.
For example, the university of Nanjing Richardson proposed a patent invention named "active frequency selective surface with jump-through" (application No. 201410251547.9, application publication No. CN104051825A), which discloses an active frequency selective surface that realizes jump-through of the wave band by turning on and off of an active switch. The structure is in a close-fitting layer shape, the front end of the structure is provided with a second protective layer, and a first layer of frequency selection surface, a first protective layer, a second layer of frequency selection surface and a third protective layer are sequentially arranged backwards; the first layer of frequency selection surface and the second layer of frequency selection surface are parallel to each other, a medium substrate is attached to the surfaces of the first layer of frequency selection surface and the second layer of frequency selection surface, the frequency selection surface symmetrically etches six hollowed-out channels by light in a mode that the central axes parallel to the shorter sides are symmetrical, the first channel, the third channel, the fourth channel, the sixth channel and the sixth channel are parallel to the longer sides of the frequency selection surface, the second channel and the fifth channel are parallel to the shorter sides of the frequency selection surface, the first channel, the second channel and the third channel are connected, the fourth channel, the fifth channel and the sixth channel are connected. Four kinds of jumping of the pass band in the range of 8-12 GHz can be achieved by controlling the multiple groups of active switches through the feed network, but full-band anti-electromagnetic interference in the range of 8-12 GHz cannot be achieved due to the resonance pass band.
In summary, the active frequency selective surface with adjustable resonant frequency in the prior art cannot meet the requirement of the broadband anti-interference technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, provides a dual-passband/wide-stopband reconfigurable frequency selection surface based on a radome, can enable a radar antenna to work in two frequency bands or in the wide stopband when the radar does not work, realizes external electromagnetic interference resistance in the full frequency band, and is used for solving the problem that the active frequency selection surface in the prior art cannot meet the requirements of a broadband anti-interference technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a double-passband/wide-stopband reconfigurable frequency selection surface based on a radome comprises M multiplied by N two-dimensional resonance units which are periodically arranged, wherein M is more than or equal to 3, N is more than or equal to 3, each resonance unit comprises a first medium substrate, a foam interlayer and a second medium substrate which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom, a cross-shaped metal patch and four bent metal patches with the same structure are printed on the upper surface of the first medium substrate, the cross-shaped metal patch is positioned at the center of the first medium substrate, one end point of the cross-shaped metal patch is connected with one end point of each bent metal patch, each bent metal patch consists of an L-shaped metal patch and a U-shaped metal patch, one end point of each L-shaped metal patch is connected with the end point of the cross-shaped metal patch, and the other end point of each U-shaped metal patch is connected with the end point of each U-;
the position, opposite to the first dielectric substrate, of the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate is provided with a cross-shaped strip aperture and a bent strip aperture, the bent strip aperture consists of an L-shaped strip aperture and a U-shaped strip aperture, one end point of the L-shaped strip aperture is connected with the end point of the cross-shaped strip aperture, the other end of the L-shaped strip aperture is connected with the end point of the U-shaped strip aperture, and the cross-shaped strip aperture and the bent strip aperture are structurally complementary with a cross-shaped metal patch and a bent metal patch on the first dielectric substrate and are used for realizing coupling with the cross-shaped metal patch and the bent metal patch;
four identical diode switches are arranged at the edge of the periphery of the first medium substrate and are connected with the end points of the cross-shaped metal patches adjacent to each diode switch;
the foam interlayer is fixed between the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate and used for adjusting the coupling degree between the cross metal patch and the strip aperture and between the bent metal patch and the strip aperture;
the cross-shaped metal patches and the bent metal patches are rotationally and symmetrically distributed at 90 degrees with respect to the normal lines of the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate.
The first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate are of square structures, the thickness H1 is 0.8-1 mm, the side length D is 15.3-17.9 mm, and the dielectric constant is 2.2.
The foam interlayer is of a cuboid structure, the height H2 is 17-19 mm, and the dielectric constant is 1.1.
The width of the cross-shaped metal patch and the width of the bent metal patch are W1, wherein W1 is 1.1-1.3 mm, the distance between the metal patches is S1, and S1 is 1.1-1.3 mm.
The width of the cross-shaped strip aperture and the width of the bent strip aperture are W2, wherein W2 is 1-1.2 mm, the distance between the W2 and the bent strip aperture is S2, and S2 is 1.2-1.4 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the reconfigurable frequency selective surface technical scheme has the advantages that the unit structures which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom are adopted, the active unit formed by the cross metal patch, the bent metal patch and the diode switch is cascaded with the passive unit formed by the cross metal aperture and the bent metal aperture, the in-band flatness and the edge steep-drop property of the dual-frequency passband are realized, the dual-frequency stop band is coupled into the wide stop band, the technical problem that the full frequency band in the wide frequency band cannot block the external electromagnetic interference when a radar does not work in the prior art is solved, and the transmission of the dual-frequency passband or the interference resistance in the wide frequency band can be met.
2. According to the technical scheme of the cross-shaped metal patch and the bent metal patch, the current path of the cross-shaped metal patch is prolonged by the bending structure of the bent metal patch, so that the technical problem that the unit size of the active frequency selection surface is large in the prior art is solved, the overall structure of the cross-shaped metal patch and the bent metal patch is miniaturized, and the unit structure size is effectively reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the unit of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an active resonant unit on a first dielectric substrate according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a passive resonant unit on a second dielectric substrate according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of simulation results under irradiation at different incident angles according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing simulation results under irradiation of different polarized waves according to the present invention;
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a radome-based dual passband/wide stopband reconfigurable frequency selective surface, includes 10 x 10 periodically arranged two-dimensional resonant cells, each resonance unit comprises a first dielectric substrate 1, a foam interlayer 2 and a second dielectric substrate 3 which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom, the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate 1 is printed with a cross-shaped metal patch 11 and four bent metal patches 12 with the same structure, the cross-shaped metal patch 11 is positioned at the center of the first dielectric substrate 1, and one end of the cross-shaped metal patch 11 is connected with one end of the bent metal patch 12, the bent metal patch 12 is composed of an L-shaped metal patch 121 and a U-shaped metal patch 122, one end of the L-shaped metal patch 121 is connected to the end of the cross-shaped metal patch 11, and the other end is connected to the end of the U-shaped metal patch 122.
The position of the upper surface of the second medium substrate 3 opposite to the first medium substrate 1 is provided with a cross-shaped strip aperture 31 and a bent strip aperture 32, the bent strip aperture 32 is composed of an L-shaped strip aperture 321 and a U-shaped strip aperture 322, wherein one end point of the L-shaped strip aperture 321 is connected with the end point of the cross-shaped strip aperture 31, and the other end point is connected with the end point of the U-shaped strip aperture 322.
Four identical diode switches 13 are arranged at the edge of the periphery of the first dielectric substrate 1, and the end points of the cross-shaped metal patches 11 adjacent to the diode switches 13 are connected.
The foam interlayer 2 is fixed between the first dielectric substrate 1 and the second dielectric substrate 3, has a cuboid structure, has a height H2 of 18mm and a dielectric constant of 1.1, and is used for adjusting the coupling degree between the cross metal patch 11 and the bent metal patch 12 and between the cross strip aperture 31 and the bent strip aperture 32.
The first dielectric substrate 1 and the second dielectric substrate 3 have a square structure, a thickness H1 is 1mm, a side length D is 17.3mm, and a dielectric constant is 2.2.
Referring to fig. 3, the cross-shaped metal patches 11 and the bent metal patches 12 are rotationally symmetric about a normal line of the first dielectric substrate 1 and the second dielectric substrate 3 by 90 °, and have a width W1 of 1.3mm and a spacing S1 of 1.2 mm.
The current path is prolonged by bending the bending structures of the L-shaped metal patch 121 and the U-shaped metal patch 122 in the metal patch 12, so that the unit size is effectively reduced, and the unit period is far shorter than the working wavelength;
referring to fig. 4, the width W2 of the cross-shaped strap apertures 31 and the bending strap apertures 32 is 1.2mm, and the distance S2 is 1.4 mm.
The cross-shaped strip aperture 31 and the bending strip aperture 32 are complementary to the cross-shaped metal patch 11 and the bending metal patch 12 on the first dielectric substrate in structure, and the cross-shaped strip aperture 31 and the bending strip aperture 32 are coupled with the cross-shaped metal patch 11 and the bending metal patch 12 by adjusting the width and the distance between the cross-shaped strip aperture 31 and the bending strip aperture 32, so that a double-frequency pass band and a wide stop band with good in-band characteristics are generated.
Example 2
The structure of this example is the same as example 1, and only the following parameters were adjusted:
the thickness H1 of the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate is 0.8mm, the side length D is 17.3mm, and the dielectric constant is 2.2; the height H2 of the foam interlayer is 19 mm; the width W1 of the cross-shaped metal patch 11 and the bent metal patch 12 is 1.2mm, and the distance S1 between the cross-shaped metal patch 11 and the bent metal patch 12 is 1.2 mm; the width W2 of the cross-shaped strap aperture 31 and the bending strap aperture 32 is 1.1mm, and the distance S2 is 1.4 mm.
Example 3
The structure of this example is the same as example 1, and only the following parameters were adjusted:
the thickness H1 of the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate is 0.9mm, the side length D is 16.5mm, and the dielectric constant is 2.2; the height H2 of the foam interlayer is 20 mm; the width W1 of the cross-shaped metal patch 11 and the bent metal patch 12 is 1.1mm, and the distance S1 between the cross-shaped metal patch 11 and the bent metal patch 12 is 1.3 mm; the width W2 of the cross-shaped strap aperture 31 and the bending strap aperture 32 is 1.2mm, and the distance S2 is 1.3 mm.
The technical effects of the invention are further explained by combining simulation tests as follows:
1. simulation conditions and contents:
the transmission coefficients under the irradiation of incident waves at different angles and the transmission coefficients under the irradiation of polarized waves at different angles in example 1 were simulated and calculated by using commercial simulation software HFSS _15.0, and the results are shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6.
2. And (3) simulation result analysis:
referring to fig. 5(a), a transmission coefficient diagram under the irradiation of incident waves of 0 to 40 ° when the diode switch in example 1 is turned on is shown, the center frequencies of the pass bands are 2.4GHz and 5.98GHz, the bandwidths are 0.48GHz and 1.57GHz, respectively, and the degree of miniaturization is 0.138 wavelength with respect to the center frequency of the low frequency. The in-band insertion loss of the passband under the irradiation of electromagnetic waves within the angle range of 0-40 degrees is less than-3 dB, the in-band is flat, the edge of the low-frequency transmission passband has a steep drop characteristic, and the out-of-band rejection performance is good. Referring to fig. 5(b), it is shown that fig. 5(b) is a transmission coefficient diagram under the irradiation of polarized waves of 0 to 45 ° when the diode switch in example 1 is turned on, and the polarization stability is good under the irradiation of electromagnetic waves of different polarizations of 0 to 45 °.
Referring to fig. 6(a), it shows the transmission coefficient under the irradiation of incident wave of 0 to 40 ° when the diode switch is turned off in example 1, the center frequency of the stop band is 4.3GHz, the frequency band range is 1.95GHz to 6.69GHz, the stop band bandwidth is 4.74GHz, the relative bandwidth reaches 110%, and the oblique incidence stability is good under the irradiation of electromagnetic wave within the angle range of 0 to 40 ° within the stop band frequency range. Referring to fig. 6(b), the transmission coefficient under irradiation of polarized waves of 0 to 45 ° when the diode switch is turned off in example 1 is shown, and the polarization stability is good under irradiation of electromagnetic waves of different polarizations of 0 to 45 °.
The simulation shows that the invention realizes the reconstruction between the double-frequency passband and the wide stopband, and has good miniaturization degree, oblique incidence stability and polarization angle stability.
The foregoing description is only an example of the present invention and does not constitute any limitation to the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations in form and detail may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention after understanding the content and principle of the present invention, but these modifications and variations are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A double-passband/wide-stopband reconfigurable frequency selection surface based on a radome comprises M multiplied by N two-dimensional resonance units which are periodically arranged, wherein M is more than or equal to 3, and N is more than or equal to 3, and the reconfigurable frequency selection surface is characterized in that: each resonance unit comprises a first medium substrate (1), a foam interlayer (2) and a second medium substrate (3) which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom, wherein a cross metal patch (11) and four bent metal patches (12) with the same structure are printed on the upper surface of the first medium substrate (1), the cross metal patch (11) is located in the center of the first medium substrate (1), one end point of the cross metal patch (11) is connected with one end point of the bent metal patch (12), the bent metal patch (12) is composed of an L-shaped metal patch (121) and a U-shaped metal patch (122), one end point of the L-shaped metal patch (121) is connected with the end point of the cross metal patch (11), and the other end point of the L-shaped metal patch is connected with the end point of the U-shaped metal patch (122);
a cross-shaped strip aperture (31) and a bent strip aperture (32) are arranged at the position, opposite to the cross-shaped metal patch (11) on the first dielectric substrate (1) and the four bent metal patches (12) with the same structure, of the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate (3), the bent strip aperture (32) is composed of an L-shaped strip aperture (321) and a U-shaped strip aperture (322), wherein one end point of the L-shaped strip aperture (321) is connected with the end point of the cross-shaped strip aperture (31), the other end of the L-shaped strip aperture is connected with the end point of the U-shaped strip aperture (322), and the cross-shaped strip aperture (31) and the bent strip aperture (32) are structurally complementary with the cross-shaped metal patch (11) and the bent metal patch (12) on the first dielectric substrate and are used for realizing the coupling with the cross-shaped metal patch (11) and the bent metal patch (12);
four identical diode switches (13) are arranged at the edge of the periphery of the first dielectric substrate (1) and are connected with the end points of the cross-shaped metal patches (11) adjacent to each diode switch (13);
the foam interlayer (2) is fixed between the first dielectric substrate (1) and the second dielectric substrate (3) and is used for adjusting the coupling degree between the cross metal patch (11) and the bent metal patch (12) and between the cross strip aperture (31) and the bent strip aperture (32);
the cross-shaped metal patches (11) and the bent metal patches (12) are rotationally and symmetrically distributed at 90 degrees with respect to the normal lines of the first dielectric substrate (1) and the second dielectric substrate (3).
2. A radome based dual passband/wide stopband reconfigurable frequency selective surface as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the first dielectric substrate (1) and the second dielectric substrate (3) are square, the thickness H1 is 0.8-1 mm, the side length D is 15.3-17.9 mm, and the dielectric constant is 2.2.
3. A radome based dual passband/wide stopband reconfigurable frequency selective surface as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the foam interlayer (2) is of a cuboid structure, the height H2 is 17-19 mm, and the dielectric constant is 1.1.
4. A radome based dual passband/wide stopband reconfigurable frequency selective surface as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the width of the cross-shaped metal patch (11) and the width of the bent metal patch (12) are W1, wherein W1 is 1.1-1.3 mm, the distance between the W1 and the bent metal patch is S1, and S1 is 1.1-1.3 mm.
5. A radome based dual passband/wide stopband reconfigurable frequency selective surface as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the width of the cross-shaped strip aperture (31) and the width of the bending strip aperture (32) are W2, W2 is 1-1.2 mm, and the distance is S2, wherein S2 is 1.2-1.4 mm.
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| CN114374097B (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2023-04-28 | 西安电子科技大学 | Broadband, multi-frequency and variable-frequency antenna coating |
| CN114583472B (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2023-05-23 | 中南大学 | Adjustable wave absorbing structure in L-Ka ultra-wide frequency band |
| CN114843725B (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2023-11-03 | 江苏电子信息职业学院 | Ultra-wideband wide-angle band-stop type frequency selective surface |
| CN114899615B (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2024-04-19 | 江苏电子信息职业学院 | Assembled four-frequency band-stop frequency selection surface |
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| CN115133288B (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2022-11-11 | 国网山西省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Multiband frequency selective surface structure and signal receiving apparatus |
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