CN111162384B - C-interlayer broadband radome structure capable of showing band-pass performance in C and X wave bands - Google Patents
C-interlayer broadband radome structure capable of showing band-pass performance in C and X wave bands Download PDFInfo
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- CN111162384B CN111162384B CN201911372814.7A CN201911372814A CN111162384B CN 111162384 B CN111162384 B CN 111162384B CN 201911372814 A CN201911372814 A CN 201911372814A CN 111162384 B CN111162384 B CN 111162384B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
- H01Q1/422—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome comprising two or more layers of dielectric material
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Abstract
The invention discloses a C interlayer broadband radome structure which shows a band-pass performance in C and X wave bands, comprising a Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) core layer, a skin and an air interlayer; the FSS core layer comprises a dielectric substrate and periodic FSS arrays etched on the upper layer and the lower layer of the substrate; and the skin and the FSS core layer are fixed and isolated by a plurality of medium screws and gaskets to form an air interlayer with a certain thickness. Aiming at the problem of bandwidth stability of a broadband antenna housing under the condition of oblique incidence, the invention provides an antenna housing structural design which has broadband, high wave-transmitting rate and steep-drop out-of-band rejection and is insensitive to the influence of an incidence angle and polarization change, and effectively improves the anti-jamming capability and stealth performance of an antenna system on the premise of ensuring normal radiation of an antenna.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of frequency selective surface antenna covers, and particularly relates to a C interlayer broadband antenna cover structure capable of showing band-pass performance in C and X wave bands.
Background
In order to prevent the antenna system from being affected by various environmental factors, the radome is widely used in various electromagnetic fields. Nowadays, in various electronic systems such as communication, radar, aircraft and the like, antennas are often required to have certain operating frequency bandwidths, and certain suppression of unwanted electromagnetic signals beyond the operating frequency of the antennas is desired to enhance the anti-jamming capability and stealth performance of the antenna systems. Therefore, in the systems, the used antenna housing has wave-transmitting efficiency on a certain bandwidth and does not influence the original radiation performance of the antenna as much as possible; the band-pass filter has an obvious out-of-band suppression effect on electromagnetic waves outside a pass band, can effectively reflect out-of-band signals, reduces the influence of interference frequency components, can effectively reduce RCS (radar cross section), and enhances stealth performance.
In the existing frequency selective surface research, the transmission broadband is usually limited or unstable under the oblique incidence condition, and the out-of-band suppression effect is also rarely mentioned. The frequency selective surface structure which can show excellent wide passband transmission characteristics and has good out-of-band rejection can be designed, and the frequency selective surface structure has wide application prospect in the field of antenna covers.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the C interlayer broadband radome structure which shows the band-pass performance in the C and X wave bands, has good wave-transmitting performance in the incidence angle range of 0-50 degrees and has stable performance on different electromagnetic polarization modes. Meanwhile, the out-of-band steep drop larger than 30dB can be realized on the out-of-band inhibition effect.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a C interlayer broadband radome structure with band-pass performance in C and X wave bands is characterized in that the radome structure sequentially comprises a skin, an air interlayer, an FSS core layer, an air interlayer and a skin from top to bottom, the skin, the air interlayer and the FSS core layer jointly form a C interlayer structure, and the air interlayer is an air interlayer formed by the isolation between the FSS core layer and two layers of skins; the FSS core layer is a PCB with different FSS patterns etched on the upper surface and the lower surface, and comprises an upper FSS layer and a lower FSS layer, the upper FSS layer comprises a square metal grid structure, metal square ring structures are filled in each grid unit, the lower FSS layer is a square metal patch which is periodically arranged, the upper FSS layer and the lower FSS layer are arranged in a rectangular array with the same period, and the center of each metal square ring structure corresponds to the center of each square metal patch up and down one to one.
In order to optimize the technical scheme, the specific measures adopted further comprise:
further, the skin and the FSS core layer are fixed by a medium screw, a medium washer and a medium nut, so that the thickness of the air interlayer is controlled; the medium screw vertically penetrates through the two layers of skins, the medium gasket is installed between the two layers of skins and the FSS core layer, and the medium nut is installed at the end of the medium screw in a matched mode.
Further, the thickness of the skin is 2mm, the thickness of the air interlayer is 3mm, and the thickness of the FSS core layer is 1 mm.
Furthermore, in the upper FSS layer, the grid period of the square metal grid structure is 7.5mm, the grid line width is 0.17mm, the metal square ring structure is positioned at the center of the grid, the side length is 6.1mm, and the square ring line width is 1.5 mm; the unit period of the lower FSS layer is 7.5mm, and the square metal patch is located in the center of the unit and has the side length of 6.2 mm.
Further, the PCB plate material of the FSS core layer is F4B-2, the dielectric constant of the PCB plate material is 2.65, and the loss tangent of the PCB plate material is 0.001; the skin is made of FR4, and has a dielectric constant of 4.4 and a loss tangent of 0.02.
Further, the material of the dielectric screw and the dielectric washer is FR 4.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) in the electromagnetic wave incidence angle range of 0-50 degrees and the working frequency of 4-12 GHz (C and X wave bands), the transmission loss of TE and TM polarized waves is small, and the metal units with symmetrical structures have good response consistency to the TE and TM waves;
2) the used double-layer FSS structural unit combines the coupling influence of interlayer capacitance by selecting a reasonable unit form under the condition of properly adjusting the physical size of the structure, improves the bandwidth of a passband, and forms a steep drop out-of-band inhibition effect;
3) the skin with high dielectric constant, the air interlayer with low dielectric constant and the FSS core layer form a C interlayer structure together, so that the wave-transmitting stability of the radome under the conditions of different incident angles and different polarizations is effectively improved, and the physical strength of the radome is enhanced to be firmer;
4) compared with the traditional C sandwich structure, the foam layer is replaced by the air layer, so that the complex multilayer pasting process is omitted, the used structure is more convenient to process, and the processing cost is also saved.
The antenna housing structure with the wide passband frequency selection surface has the advantages of low loss, wide scanning angular domain, wide passband, out-of-band steep drop suppression and other electrical performance advantages; also has the structural advantages of high strength, mechanical stability and the like; easy processing, low cost and the like. The proposed wide-passband frequency selective surface structure can be widely applied to radomes of antenna devices in radars, satellite communications, navigation and aircraft.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a radome structure and a schematic view of an FSS core layer unit structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an interlayer fixing structure of the radome of the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows the frequency response | S of the radome of the present invention under different incident angles and polarization conditions21And | a simulation result graph.
The reference numbers are as follows: 1-skin, 2-air interlayer, 3-upper FSS, 4-FSS core layer, 5-lower FSS, 6-medium screw, 7-medium washer and 8-medium nut.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A C-sandwich broadband radome structure exhibiting band-pass performance in C and X bands as shown in fig. 1, which is composed of three parts, including: the composite material comprises a layer of FSS core layer 4, two layers of skin 1 and two layers of air interlayers 2. Thickness h of FSS core layer 43Is 1mm, and has a skin thickness h of 11Is 2mm, and the air interlayer 2 has a thickness h2Is 3 mm.
Referring to fig. 1, the FSS core layer 4 is a PCB with different FSS patterns etched on the upper and lower surfaces, and the FSS structure in the FSS core layer 4 can generate a wide passband frequency response and a good out-of-band rejection effect. Wherein the structure of the upper FSS 3 comprises a square metal grid structure 3-1, and a metal square ring structure 3-2 with relatively small size is filled in the grid unit; the structure of the lower FSS 5 is a square metal patch 5-1 which is periodically arranged. The FSS structural units of the upper layer and the lower layer are all arranged in a rectangular array with the same period, and the center of the grid (square ring) of the array unit of the upper layer is consistent with the center of the patch of the lower layer.
The FSS cell structure size is as follows: the period D of the upper FSS grid is 7.5mm, and the width w of the grid lines10.17mm, square ring at center of grid and side length l1Is 6.1mm, and the width w of the square ring line2Is 1.5 mm; the period D of the lower FSS unit is 7.5mm, the square patch is positioned at the center of the unit, and the side length D-s of the square patch is1Is 6.2 mm.
With reference to fig. 2, the air interlayer 2 is two air interlayers formed by isolating the FSS core layer 4 and the two skins 1, and in consideration of structural stability and manufacturing convenience, the FSS core layer 4 and the skins 1 are fixed by using a dielectric screw 6 and a dielectric washer 7, so that the thickness of the air interlayer 2 is controlled to be 3.0 mm.
The PCB material of the FSS core layer 4 is F4B-2, the thickness is 1.0mm, the dielectric constant is 2.65, and the loss tangent is 0.001; the FSS structure etched on the FSS core layer 4 is manufactured on a PCB, a copper material is adopted, the structural size of the FSS core layer directly influences the electromagnetic performance of the antenna housing, and the antenna housing has higher requirements on precision. In some examples, the frequency location, bandwidth size, wave-transparent efficiency, etc. of the radome can be directly affected by adjusting certain physical dimensions of the FSS metal elements, such as period, square ring size, patch size, etc.
The covering 1 is two layers of dielectric plates which are respectively positioned on the upper outer surface and the lower outer surface of the radome, the covering part of the radome is made of FR4, the dielectric constant of the radome is 4.4, and the loss tangent of the radome is 0.02; the dielectric screw and washer material used is also FR 4.
The covering 1 with high dielectric constant, the air interlayer 2 with low dielectric constant and the FSS sandwich layer 4 jointly form a C interlayer structure, so that the wave-transmitting stability of the antenna housing under the conditions of different incident angles and different polarizations can be effectively improved, and the physical strength of the antenna housing is enhanced, so that the antenna housing is firmer.
The antenna housing formed by the periodic unit structure has electromagnetic wave transmission performance (| S)21I) as shown in FIG. 3, in the working frequency of 0 degree, 25 degree and 50 degree electromagnetic wave incidence and 4-12 GHz (C and X wave band), the transmission loss of TE and TM polarized waves is small, the wave transmittance is above 90%, which shows that the wide pass band performance of the structure can meet the performance requirement; on the frequency of 12-13 GHz, the frequency response generates a steep drop larger than 30dB, so that the interference of out-of-band electromagnetic signals can be reduced, and the stealth performance of the antenna is enhanced.
It should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", etc. used in the present invention are for clarity of description only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not limited by the technical contents of the essential changes.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The C-interlayer broadband radome structure with the band-pass performance in the C and X wave bands is characterized in that the radome structure sequentially comprises a skin (1), an air interlayer (2), an FSS core layer (4), the air interlayer (2) and the skin (1) from top to bottom, the skin (1), the air interlayer (2) and the FSS core layer (4) jointly form the C interlayer structure, and the air interlayer (2) is an air interlayer formed by the isolation between the FSS core layer (4) and the two skin layers (1); the FSS core layer (4) is a PCB with different FSS patterns etched on the upper surface and the lower surface, and comprises an upper FSS layer (3) and a lower FSS layer (5), wherein the upper FSS layer (3) comprises square metal grid structures (3-1), metal square ring structures (3-2) are filled in each grid unit, the lower FSS layer (5) is a square metal patch (5-1) which is periodically arranged, the upper FSS layer (3) and the lower FSS layer (5) are arranged in a rectangular array with the same period, and the center of each metal square ring structure (3-2) is vertically in one-to-one correspondence with the center of each square metal patch (5-1);
the skin (1) and the FSS core layer (4) are fixed by a medium screw (6), a medium washer (7) and a medium nut (8), and the thickness of the air interlayer (2) is further controlled; the medium screw (6) vertically penetrates through the two layers of skins (1), the medium gasket (7) is installed between the two layers of skins (1) and the FSS core layer (4), and the medium nut (8) is installed at the end of the medium screw (6) in a matched mode.
2. A C-sandwich broadband radome structure exhibiting band-pass performance in C and X bands according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the skin (1) is 2mm, the thickness of the air interlayer (2) is 3mm, and the thickness of the FSS core layer (4) is 1 mm.
3. A C-sandwich broadband radome structure exhibiting band-pass performance in C and X bands according to claim 1, wherein: in the upper FSS (3), the grid period of a square metal grid structure (3-1) is 7.5mm, the grid line width is 0.17mm, a metal square ring structure (3-2) is positioned at the center of the grid, the side length of the metal square ring structure is 6.1mm, and the square ring line width is 1.5 mm; the unit period of the lower FSS (5) is 7.5mm, and the square metal patch (5-1) is positioned in the center of the unit and has the side length of 6.2 mm.
4. A C-sandwich broadband radome structure exhibiting band-pass performance in C and X bands according to claim 1, wherein: the PCB plate material of the FSS core layer (4) is F4B-2, the dielectric constant of the PCB plate material is 2.65, and the loss tangent of the PCB plate material is 0.001; the skin (1) was made of FR4, which had a dielectric constant of 4.4 and a loss tangent of 0.02.
5. A C-sandwich broadband radome structure exhibiting band-pass performance in C and X bands according to claim 1, wherein: the material of the medium screw (6) and the medium gasket (7) is FR 4.
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| CN111697333A (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2020-09-22 | 东风汽车集团有限公司 | Metamaterial antenna housing |
| CN111883926A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-11-03 | 华南理工大学 | Antenna housing capable of improving antenna performance and signal receiving and transmitting device |
| CN111987437A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-11-24 | 华南理工大学 | Broadband miniaturization super-surface antenna based on double-layer capacitive loading |
| CN111987470B (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2022-07-12 | 中国航空工业集团公司济南特种结构研究所 | Broadband high angular stability frequency selective surface |
| CN111900538A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-11-06 | 上海交通大学 | Ka-band satellite communication antenna housing |
| CN113540784B (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2022-09-30 | 西安电子科技大学 | Integrated broadband frequency selection antenna cover with heat dissipation characteristic and mobile communication system |
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| US9722305B2 (en) * | 2015-08-20 | 2017-08-01 | Google Inc. | Balanced multi-layer printed circuit board for phased-array antenna |
| CN107946762B (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2021-05-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | X-waveband miniaturized high-wave-permeability FSS (frequency selective surface system) based on C-type interlayer radar cover wall structure |
| CN108110418A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-06-01 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二四研究所 | A kind of frequency selection antenna house of broadband and wideangle work |
| CN108615975A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-10-02 | 合肥光博量子科技有限公司 | A kind of radome of breakage-proof |
| CN108539424A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-09-14 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | Dual band frequencies select composite material sandwich structure and its manufacturing method |
| CN110265780B (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2020-11-03 | 南京航空航天大学 | Stealth antenna housing with medium-frequency broadband wave-transmitting, high-frequency and low-frequency polarization conversion |
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