CN115064877A - Decoupling super surface applied to dual-polarization compact base station antenna array - Google Patents
Decoupling super surface applied to dual-polarization compact base station antenna array Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0013—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
- H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
- H01Q9/18—Vertical disposition of the antenna
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Abstract
The invention discloses a decoupling super surface applied to a dual-polarized compact base station antenna array, which comprises an upper-layer decoupling super surface, a lower-layer decoupling super surface, a cross dipole array and an antenna floor, wherein the upper-layer decoupling super surface, the lower-layer decoupling super surface, the cross dipole array and the antenna floor are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the antenna floor is provided with a cross dipole array, and the back of the antenna floor is provided with a screw hole which is tightly fixed with the upper decoupling super surface and the lower decoupling super surface through a nylon rod. The invention has obvious improvement effect on the same polarization isolation and the cross polarization isolation, and has better decoupling effect on the adjacent antenna units and the separated antenna units.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microwave antennas, in particular to a decoupling super surface applied to a dual-polarization compact base station antenna array.
Background
In the prior art: in 2017, document [ 1 ] [ Wu K L, Wei C, Mei X, et al, array-antenna Decoupling Surfaces [ J ]. IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation,2017:1-1 ] proposes an Array Decoupling Surface (ADS), which is formed by printing a certain number of metal patches on a medium, and when the ADS is placed above an antenna array, electromagnetic waves incident to the antenna can be reflected to a certain degree by adjusting the shape and size of the metal patches printed on the ADS and the placement height of the ADS, and when the reflected electromagnetic waves are in the same amplitude and opposite phase with the coupling waves between antenna units, the coupling between the antenna units can be suppressed. The ADS structure is adopted to improve the isolation of the dual-polarized 2X 2 antenna array, the wide isolation bandwidth is achieved, but the antenna unit distance of the face with strong coupling is large, the ADS only has a good effect of inhibiting the coupling between the ports with the same polarization, and the isolation between the ports with cross polarization is not obviously improved.
In 2020, document [ 2 ] [ z.wang, c.li and y.yin, "a Meta-Surface Antenna Array Decoupling (MAAD) Design to Improve the Isolation Performance in a MIMO System," in IEEE Access, vol.8, pp.61797-61805,2020 ] proposes a super-Surface consisting of open resonant rings (SRRs), which realizes the Decoupling Design of two microstrip Antenna elements. The super-surface in the form can reconstruct a space area between the antenna and the super-surface, the equivalent relative dielectric constant of the area is positive, and the equivalent magnetic conductivity of the area is negative, so the wave number of the area is a pure imaginary number, the passing electromagnetic wave is an evanescent wave, the coupling energy is difficult to be transmitted to another antenna unit, and the isolation between the two antenna units is naturally improved. However, only the coupling between the units exists between the two wire polarized antennas, the related coupling condition is single, and the decoupling difficulty is relatively small.
In 2021, document [ 3 ] Liu F, Guo J, Zhao L, et al, Ceramic superstate-Based coupling Method for Two clock spaced antenna With Cross-Polarization compression [ J ]. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,2020, PP (99):1-1 ], proposes a Decoupling Method of a Ceramic Coating (CSDM), which mainly uses Ceramic having a high dielectric constant to reflect electromagnetic waves generated by excited antenna elements, and can make the generated reflected waves have equal amplitude and opposite phase With the original coupled waves by adjusting the size and the placement height of the Ceramic coating, so as to achieve the effect of reducing the coupled waves between the antenna elements. The ceramic coating is loaded to realize the coupling inhibition between the two printed dipole antenna units, so that the isolation of the two vertical polarization antennas is improved by about 15dB, but the ceramic coating has the defects of heavy weight, difficulty in control, high cost and the like.
In summary, most decoupling structures have a single decoupling condition, and generally only aim at single linear polarization or only aim at decoupling of two antenna element arrays, and the structure is complex, so that the dual polarization condition and the decoupling condition of a large-scale antenna array cannot be considered at the same time. If the effect that decoupling structure reached is single and not obvious to dual polarization decoupling effect, must not satisfy present increasingly high communication demand, and utilize complicated structure must increase the design and realize the degree of difficulty, bring inconvenience for antenna maintenance, cause the antenna cost to increase. Document [ 1 ] proposes an Array Decoupling Surface (ADS), which has a wider isolation bandwidth, but has a stronger coupling and a larger surface distance, and only has a better effect of inhibiting coupling between ports with the same polarization, and the effect of improving cross polarization isolation is not obvious. Document [ 2 ] proposes a super-surface consisting of open ring resonators (SRRs), but decoupling involves only two cells and a single linear polarization, the decoupling being single. The document [ 3 ] proposes a ceramic coating, but the document only aims at two-unit antenna arrays, and the ceramic coating has the defects of heavy weight, difficulty in control, high cost and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a decoupling super-surface applied to a dual-polarization compact base station antenna array, which has obvious improvement effects on the same-polarization isolation degree and the cross-polarization isolation degree and has better decoupling effects on adjacent antenna units and spaced antenna units.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a decoupling super surface applied to a dual-polarized compact base station antenna array comprises an upper decoupling super surface 1, a lower decoupling super surface 2, a cross dipole array 3 and an antenna floor 4 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
the cross dipole array 3 is arranged on the antenna floor 4, and the back of the antenna floor 4 is provided with screw holes which are tightly fixed with the upper-layer decoupling super surface 1 and the lower-layer decoupling super surface 2 through nylon rods.
The cross dipole antenna array 3 is a 1 × 4 cross dipole antenna array.
The upper-layer decoupling super surface 1 comprises an antenna I dielectric plate 101, and super surface metal patch units 102 in a 'Yelu spreading cold cross' shape are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the antenna I dielectric plate 101;
the lower-layer decoupling super surface 2 comprises a second antenna dielectric plate 201, and super surface metal patch units 202 in a shape of a 'Yelu spreading cold cross' are respectively placed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the second antenna dielectric plate 201.
The upper-layer decoupling super surface 1 and the lower-layer decoupling super surface 2 are of two-dimensional periodic structures.
The distance between the bottom of the upper-layer decoupling super surface 1 and the top of the lower-layer decoupling super surface 2 is 0.10 lambda-0.11 lambda, lambda is the wavelength corresponding to the highest frequency of the working frequency band, and the distance between the top of the cross dipole array 3 and the bottom of the upper-layer decoupling super surface 1 is 0.17 lambda-0.18 lambda, namely the double-layer decoupling super surface is below the distance of 0.25 lambda above the cross dipole array 3.
The shapes of the metal patches of the upper-layer decoupling super surface 1 and the lower-layer decoupling super surface 2 are similar, and the size of the super surface metal patch unit 102 in the shape of the 'yersinia cooling cross' of the upper-layer decoupling super surface 1 is reduced by 0.83 times in the same proportion to that of the super surface metal patch unit 202 in the shape of the 'yersinia cooling cross' of the lower-layer decoupling super surface 2.
The size of the lower-layer decoupling super-surface 2 is 72mm x 200mm x 1.5mm, the metal patches 202 in the shape of the 'yersinia scattering cross' on the lower-layer super-surface are rotationally symmetrical with respect to the center, the size of the long side of the middle 'cross' shaped part of the metal patches 202 in the shape of the 'yersinia scattering cross' is 9.45mm, the size of the short side of the middle 'cross' shaped part of the metal patches is 0.9mm, the size of the surrounding rectangular metal patches is 8.1mm x 2.7mm, the size of the upper-layer decoupling super-surface 1 is 72mm x 200mm x 1.5mm, the metal patches 202 in the shape of the 'yersinia scattering cross' of the lower-layer super-surface unit are reduced by 0.83 times in the same proportion and are placed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric plate 101 of the first antenna in the same array mode.
The first antenna dielectric plate 101 and the second antenna dielectric plate are made of FR4 and are 1.5mm in thickness.
The cross dipole array 3 comprises an antenna third dielectric plate 301, an antenna fourth dielectric plate 302, a radiator 303, a radiator 304, a feed balun 305, a feed balun 306, a metal pad 307 and a metal pad 308;
The crossed dipole antenna units are arranged to form a 1-4 crossed dipole antenna array according to the spacing of 39mm and the 0.47 lambda @3.6GHz of the highest frequency of the working frequency band.
And the antenna floor 4 is provided with 16 crossed dipole antenna fixing holes and 4 coaxial line through holes.
The decoupling super-surface is suitable for various forms of dual-polarized antenna arrays.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention is applied to the dual-polarized base station antenna, and obviously improves the same polarization isolation and the cross polarization isolation.
The invention is applied to the compact antenna array, has obvious decoupling effect on adjacent units, and is also suitable for improving the isolation between the separated antenna units.
The invention is a double-layer decoupling super surface, has wider decoupling bandwidth and more obvious effect compared with the decoupling effect of a loaded single-layer super surface, and particularly embodies the isolation between adjacent same-polarization ports, so that the isolation between the ports of the array antenna in a required frequency band is obviously improved.
In conclusion, the dual-polarization compact antenna array system has the advantages of easiness in control, light weight, low cost and the like, has obvious improvement effects on the same-polarization isolation degree and the cross-polarization isolation degree, and has a better decoupling effect on adjacent antenna units and antenna units which are separated from each other, so that the dual-polarization compact antenna array system can be widely applied to the dual-polarization compact antenna array system with poor isolation degree.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna array structure applied to a dual-polarized compact base station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a decoupling super-surface provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a cell structure in a decoupled super surface according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a cross dipole antenna array configuration provided by an example of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an antenna floor provided by an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 6 is a graph of simulation results of the reflection coefficients of all ports of a cross-dipole array without a decoupling meta-surface as provided by an example of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a graph of simulation results of the reflection coefficients of all ports of a cross-dipole array of the add-and-drop coupled meta-surface provided by an example of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a graph showing the simulation results of the isolation between the ports of the same polarization of adjacent units of the cross dipole array without additional decoupling of the super-surface according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a graph showing the simulation results of the isolation between the ports of the same polarization of adjacent units of the cross-dipole array of the add-and-drop coupled super-surface according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a graph of the results of a simulation of the isolation between cross-polarized ports of adjacent elements of a cross-dipole array without a decoupling super-surface, provided by an example of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a graph of the results of a simulation of the isolation between cross-polarized ports of adjacent elements of a cross-dipole array of a coupled-decoupled meta-surface provided by an example of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a graph of the results of a simulation of the isolation between co-element cross-polarized ports of a cross-dipole array without a decoupling super-surface according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a graph of the results of a simulation of the isolation between co-element cross-polarized ports of a cross-dipole array of the add-and-drop coupled super-surface provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 14 is a graph showing the simulation results of the isolation between the co-polarized and cross-polarized ports of the spaced elements of the cross dipole array without the addition and decoupling of the super-surface according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 15 is a graph of the results of a simulation of the isolation between spaced-apart cell co-polarized and cross-polarized ports of a cross-dipole array of the add-and-drop coupled super-surface provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the drawings:
1. an upper decoupling super surface; 2. a lower decoupling super-surface; 3. a cross dipole antenna array; 4. an antenna floor.
101. An antenna I dielectric plate; 102. a metal patch is arranged on the upper surface of the media in the shape of a 'Yelu spreading cold cross'; 103 "Yellows Cold Cross" shaped pieces of media bottom surface metal.
201. An antenna second dielectric plate; 202. a metal patch is arranged on the upper surface of the media in the shape of a 'Yelu spreading cold cross'; 203 "Yelu Cold Cross" shaped metal patch on the bottom surface of medium
301. An antenna third dielectric plate; 302. an antenna fourth dielectric plate; 303. a radiator; 304. a radiator; 305. a feed balun; 306. a feed balun; 307. a metal pad; 308. and a metal pad.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art and along with the development of a communication system, the isolation degree of an antenna system becomes a problem which needs to be solved urgently, in particular to the isolation degree of a dual-polarized compact base station antenna array; the invention provides a decoupling super surface applied to a dual-polarized compact base station antenna array. By adjusting the size and the period of the FSS unit, the transmission coefficient and the reflection coefficient of the FSS are controlled, and the designed FSS is arranged in the dual-polarized compact base station antenna array, so that high cross polarization isolation degree in the unit, same polarization and cross polarization isolation degree between adjacent units and separated units are realized, and the active standing wave index and the wide-angle beam scanning characteristic of the antenna array are improved. The units of the double-layer decoupling super surface are formed by metal patches in a 'Yelu spreading cold cross' shape which are periodically printed on the front side and the back side of a medium, and the metal patches on the upper and lower layers of decoupling super surfaces are similar in shape but different in specific size. The invention is very suitable for dual-polarized compact base station antenna arrays with poor isolation, and will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a decoupling super-surface applied to a dual-polarized compact base station antenna array, and the decoupling super-surface applied to the dual-polarized compact base station antenna array provided by the invention in fig. 1 is only a specific embodiment.
As shown in fig. 1, a decoupling super-surface for a dual-polarized compact base station antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes: the antenna comprises an upper-layer decoupling super surface 1, a lower-layer decoupling super surface 2, a cross dipole antenna array 3 and an antenna floor 4. The antenna floor 4 is provided with a crossed dipole antenna array 3, and a screw hole drilled on the back of the antenna floor 4 is fixed with the upper-layer decoupling super surface 1 and the lower-layer decoupling super surface 2 through nylon rods; wherein the cross dipole antenna array 3 is a 1 × 4 cross dipole antenna array.
The distance between the top of the cross dipole antenna array 3 and the bottom of the lower decoupling super surface 2 is 4mm, and the distance between the top of the antenna array 3 and the bottom of the upper decoupling super surface 1 is 14.5 mm. The dimensions of the antenna floor 4, the upper decoupling meta-surface 1 and the lower decoupling meta-surface 2 are the same.
As shown in fig. 2, the upper decoupling super surface 1 provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: antenna one dielectric plate 101, metal patch 102 in the shape of a "jeldahl cross".
The upper-layer decoupling super surface 1 and the lower-layer decoupling super surface 2 have the same effect, the transmission coefficient and the reflection coefficient of the super surface units are controlled by adjusting the sizes and the arrangement periods of the super surface units, the designed decoupling super surface is arranged in the dual-polarization compact base station antenna array, and the cross polarization isolation degree in the units and the co-polarization and cross polarization isolation degree between adjacent and spaced units are improved.
As shown in fig. 3, the upper decoupling super surface 1 provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: an antenna I dielectric plate 101, a dielectric upper surface metal patch 102 in a shape of a 'Yelu spreading cold cross' and a dielectric lower surface metal patch 103 in a shape of a 'Yelu spreading cold cross'; the lower decoupling meta-surface 2 comprises: the size of each upper decoupling super-surface unit of the dielectric plate 201, the dielectric upper surface metal patch 202 in the shape of the 'Yelu spreading cold cross' and the dielectric lower surface metal patch 203 in the shape of the 'Yelu spreading cold cross' are 18mm by 1.5mm, and the metal patches in the shape of the 'Yelu spreading cold cross' are rotationally symmetrical around the center. The size of the long side of the middle cross-shaped part of the lower-layer decoupling super-surface unit is 9.45mm, the size of the short side of the middle cross-shaped part of the lower-layer decoupling super-surface unit is 0.9mm, and the size of the surrounding rectangular metal patch is 8.1mm x 2.7 mm. The first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate of the antenna are both FR4 and have the thickness of 1.5 mm.
Placing the metal patch units in a 'Yelu spreading cold cross' shape on the upper surface and the lower surface of a second antenna dielectric plate 201 according to an array with 4 x 10 scales formed by 18mm intervals; and then, the 'yarrow cold cross' -shaped metal patch units are reduced by 0.83 times in the same ratio, and are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the first antenna dielectric plate 101 according to an array with 4-by-10 scales formed by 18mm intervals to form the whole double-layer decoupling super surface, the whole size completely covers the antenna array, and the decoupling effect of the double-layer super surface is ensured. In addition, the decoupling super surface is suitable for various forms of dual-polarized antennas, and the following crossed dipole antennas are only exemplary antennas.
As shown in fig. 4, the cross dipole antenna 3 provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: antenna three dielectric plate 301, antenna four dielectric plate 302, radiator 303, radiator 304, feed balun 305, feed balun 306, metal pad 307, and metal pad 308.
The cross dipole antenna 3 is taken as an example dual-polarized compact base station antenna array and reflects the decoupling effect of the decoupling super surface.
The radiators 303 and 304 are in the form of symmetric dipoles, the radiator 303 is placed on one side of the third antenna dielectric plate 301, the feeding balun 305 and the metal pad 307 are placed on the other side, the radiator 304 is placed on one side of the fourth antenna dielectric plate 302, the feeding balun 306 and the metal pad 308 are placed on the other side, the third antenna dielectric plate 301 and the fourth antenna dielectric plate 302 are installed in a fixing hole of an antenna floor in a vertical crossing state, the upper end faces of the third antenna dielectric plate and the fourth antenna dielectric plate 302 are located on the same horizontal line, an exemplary crossed dipole antenna unit is formed, and the unit is arranged according to the distance of 39mm (0.47 lambda @3.6GHz of the highest frequency of an operating frequency band) to form a 1-x 4 crossed dipole antenna array shown in fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 5, the antenna floor 4 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes: an antenna fixing hole 401 and a coaxial line through hole 402.
Because the antenna adopts a coaxial line feeding mode, 4 coaxial line through holes 402 need to be drilled at corresponding positions on the antenna floor 4, and 16 rectangular antenna fixing holes 401 need to be drilled for fixing the crossed dipole antenna array.
The technical effects of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to simulation experiments.
FIG. 6 is a graph illustrating the results of a simulation of the reflection coefficient of all ports of a cross-dipole array without a decoupling meta-surface in one embodiment of the invention. As can be seen, the gray shading in the graph is 3.3-3.6GHz of the desired operating band. The simulation result shows that the reflection coefficient of the antenna array can meet the requirement that the reflection coefficient is larger than 10dB at 3.17-4.14GHz, and the antenna array can completely cover the required frequency band.
FIG. 7 is a graph illustrating the results of a simulation of the reflection coefficient of all ports of a cross-dipole array of the add-and-drop coupled meta-surface in one embodiment of the invention. As can be seen, the gray shading in the graph is 3.3-3.6GHz of the desired operating band. The simulation result shows that the reflection coefficient of the antenna array can meet the requirement that the reflection coefficient is larger than 10dB at 3.20-4.11GHz, and the antenna array can completely cover the required frequency band. Loading of the super-surface causes some of the energy to be reflected onto the antenna ports and hence the antenna port matching is somewhat degraded, but the operating bandwidth is still broad and also covers the desired operating band.
Fig. 8 is a graph illustrating the results of a simulation of the isolation between the like-polarized ports of adjacent cells of a cross-dipole array without a decoupled meta-surface in one embodiment of the invention. It can be seen that the isolation between adjacent cells and polarized ports is only greater than 14.8dB in the operating band.
FIG. 9 is a graph illustrating the results of a simulation of the isolation between the like-polarized ports of adjacent cells of a cross-dipole array of a coupled-decoupled meta-surface in one embodiment of the invention. It can be seen from the figure that if the isolation bandwidth is calculated by more than 20dB, the isolation bandwidth between the same-polarization ports of the adjacent units can reach more than 1.11GHz (covering more than 3.0-4.11 GHz), and within the working frequency band of 3.3-3.6GHz, the isolation between the same-polarization ports of the adjacent units is more than 32.8 dB. The port isolation is improved by 18dB over the un-decoupled meta-surface.
Fig. 10 is a graph illustrating the results of a simulation of the isolation between cross-polarized ports of adjacent cells of a cross-dipole array without a decoupled meta-surface in one embodiment of the invention. It can be seen that the isolation between adjacent cell cross-polarized ports is only greater than 13.8dB over the operating band.
FIG. 11 is a graph illustrating the results of a simulation of the isolation between cross-polarized ports of adjacent cells of a cross-dipole array of a coupled-decoupled meta-surface in one embodiment of the invention. It can be seen from the figure that if the isolation bandwidth is calculated by being greater than 20dB, the isolation bandwidth of the cross-polarized ports of the adjacent antenna units can reach more than 0.6GHz (covering more than 3.16-3.66 GHz), and the isolation between the cross-polarized ports of the adjacent antenna units in the corresponding operating frequency band is greater than 22.4 dB. Compared with the non-decoupling super surface, the port isolation is improved by 8.6 dB.
FIG. 12 is a graph illustrating the results of a simulation of the isolation between cross-polarized ports of the same cell of a cross-dipole array without decoupling a super-surface, in one embodiment of the invention. Due to the small pitch of the antenna elements, the near-field coupling between the radiators is significantly enhanced, which seriously results in the deterioration of the cross-polarization isolation within the original same element. It can be seen that the cross-polarized port isolation in the same cell of the first two antenna elements is only greater than 17.4 dB.
Fig. 13 is a graph illustrating the results of a simulation of the isolation between co-element cross-polarized ports of a cross-dipole array without a decoupled meta-surface in one embodiment of the invention. As can be seen, the cross-polarized port isolation in the same cell is greater than 27.2dB in the required frequency band (3.3GHz-3.6 GHz). Compared with the un-decoupled super-surface, the cross-polarization port isolation in the same unit of the two antenna units is improved by 9.8 dB.
FIG. 14 is a graph illustrating the results of a simulation of the isolation between spaced-apart cell co-polarized and cross-polarized ports of a cross-dipole array without a decoupled meta-surface, in one embodiment of the invention. As can be seen, due to the existence of the coupling field, the isolation between the ports of the spaced antenna units also has partial port isolation which is less than 20 dB.
FIG. 15 is a graph illustrating the results of a simulation of the isolation between spaced-apart cell co-polarized and cross-polarized ports of a cross-dipole array without a decoupled meta-surface, in one embodiment of the invention. It can be seen that if the isolation bandwidth is calculated to be greater than 20dB, the isolation bandwidth between the separated antenna unit ports covers 3.0-4.5GHz, and the required frequency band isolation is greater than 20.7 dB.
Claims (10)
1. A decoupling super surface applied to a dual-polarization compact base station antenna array is characterized by comprising an upper-layer decoupling super surface (1), a lower-layer decoupling super surface (2), a cross dipole array (3) and an antenna floor (4) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
the antenna is characterized in that a cross dipole array (3) is arranged on the antenna floor (4), and a screw hole is drilled in the back of the antenna floor (4) to be tightly fixed with the upper decoupling super surface (1) and the lower decoupling super surface (2) through nylon rods.
2. A decoupling super surface for application in dual polarised compact base station antenna arrays according to claim 1, characterised in that the cross dipole antenna array (3) is a 1 x 4 cross dipole antenna array.
3. The decoupling super surface applied to the dual-polarization compact base station antenna array of claim 1, wherein the upper decoupling super surface (1) comprises an antenna I dielectric plate (101), and the upper surface and the lower surface of the antenna I dielectric plate (101) are respectively provided with a super surface metal patch unit (102) in a shape of 'Yellow spray cooled cross';
the lower-layer decoupling super surface (2) comprises a second antenna dielectric plate (201), and super surface metal patch units (202) in a 'Yelu spreading cold cross' shape are respectively placed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the second antenna dielectric plate (201).
4. The decoupling super-surface applied to the dual-polarization compact base station antenna array according to claim 3, wherein the metal patch shapes of the upper decoupling super-surface (1) and the lower decoupling super-surface (2) are similar, and the super-surface metal patch units (102) in the shape of the "YeLu-Spooled cross" of the upper decoupling super-surface (1) are proportionally reduced by 0.83 times from the super-surface metal patch units (202) in the shape of the "YeLu-Spooled cross" of the lower decoupling super-surface (2).
5. The decoupling super surface of claim 4, wherein the size of the lower decoupling super surface (2) is 72mm 200mm 1.5mm, the size of the metal patch (202) in the shape of "Yelu spreading cross" on the lower super surface is rotationally symmetric about the center, the size of the long side of the middle "cross" shaped part of the metal patch (202) in the shape of "Yelu spreading cross" is 9.45mm, the size of the short side is 0.9mm, the size of the surrounding rectangular metal patch is 8.1mm 2.7mm, the size of the upper decoupling super surface (1) is 72mm 200mm 1.5mm, the metal patch (202) in the shape of "Yelu spreading cross" of the lower super surface unit is proportionally reduced by 0.83 times and placed on the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric plate (101) in the same array.
6. The decoupling super surface applied to the dual-polarized compact base station antenna array according to claim 1, wherein the upper decoupling super surface (1) and the lower decoupling super surface (2) are two-dimensional periodic structures.
7. The decoupling super surface of claim 1, wherein the distance between the bottom of the upper decoupling super surface (1) and the top of the lower decoupling super surface (2) is 0.10 λ -0.11 λ, λ is the wavelength corresponding to the highest frequency of the operating band, and the distance between the top of the cross dipole array (3) and the bottom of the upper decoupling super surface (1) is 0.17 λ -0.18 λ, i.e. the double layer decoupling super surface is below the distance of 0.25 λ above the cross dipole array (3).
8. The decoupling super surface applied to a dual polarized compact base station antenna array according to claim 1, wherein the cross dipole array (3) comprises an antenna three dielectric plate (301), an antenna four dielectric plate (302), a radiator (303), a radiator (304), a feeding balun (305), a feeding balun (306), a metal pad (307) and a metal pad (308);
the radiator (303) and the radiator (304) adopt a symmetrical dipole form, the radiator (303) is arranged on one side of the third antenna dielectric plate (301), the feed balun (305) and the metal pad (307) are arranged on the other side of the third antenna dielectric plate, the radiator (304) is arranged on one side of the fourth antenna dielectric plate (302), the feed balun (306) and the metal pad (308) are arranged on the other side of the fourth antenna dielectric plate, the third antenna dielectric plate (301) and the fourth antenna dielectric plate (302) are vertically arranged in a fixing hole of the antenna floor (4) in a crossed mode, the upper end surfaces of the three dielectric plates are positioned on the same horizontal line to form a cross dipole antenna unit, the antenna third dielectric plate (301) is perpendicular to the upper decoupling super surface (1), the lower decoupling super surface (2) and the antenna floor (4), and the upper decoupling super surface (1), the lower decoupling super surface (2) and the antenna floor (4) are arranged in parallel.
9. The decoupling super surface of claim 8, wherein the crossed dipole antenna elements are arranged to form a 1 x 4 crossed dipole antenna array according to a spacing of 39mm and a highest frequency of 0.47 λ @3.6GHz of an operating frequency band;
the antenna floor (4) is provided with 16 crossed dipole antenna fixing holes (401) and 4 coaxial line through holes (402).
10. The decoupling super surface of claims 1-9, adapted for use with various forms of dual polarized antenna arrays.
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