CN112201964B - Reflection transmission array antenna and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Reflection transmission array antenna and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112201964B CN112201964B CN202011056793.0A CN202011056793A CN112201964B CN 112201964 B CN112201964 B CN 112201964B CN 202011056793 A CN202011056793 A CN 202011056793A CN 112201964 B CN112201964 B CN 112201964B
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 151
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/02—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
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Abstract
A reflective transmission array antenna and a construction method thereof. Comprising the following steps: etching the metal layers on the upper surface and the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate according to the central coordinate of each reflecting unit and the length of the pole to obtain a reflecting array antenna; etching the metal layers on the upper surface and the lower surface of the second medium substrate according to the central coordinate of each transmission unit and the length of each electrode, wherein each transmission unit comprises a plurality of electrodes symmetrically arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the second medium substrate; forming a through hole on the second dielectric substrate, and forming a metal layer on the inner wall of the through hole to obtain a transmission array antenna, wherein the through hole penetrates through poles symmetrically arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate; the reflection array antenna and the transmission array antenna are arranged in parallel at a specified distance, and one side of the reflection array antenna with the pole is far away from the transmission array antenna, so that the reflection transmission array antenna is obtained. The reflection transmission array antenna provided by the invention has the characteristics of low profile, high efficiency and multiple polarizations.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microwave and millimeter wave antennas, in particular to a reflective transmission array antenna and a construction method thereof.
Background
In order to realize multi-frequency and bidirectional radiation, in the existing reflective transmission array antenna, the transmission array antenna mostly adopts a multi-layer frequency selective surface to control the transmission phase of each unit in the array by changing the size of each unit, however, the transmission unit with a single-layer structure is difficult to reach a 360-degree phase shift range, so that the multi-layer transmission units are often overlapped longitudinally at a certain interval, and medium or air is arranged between the two layers, so that the phase shift range of the unit is expanded, but the section of the whole array is greatly changed, and the integration of a system is not facilitated. Therefore, how to provide a low profile reflective transmission array antenna is a technical problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a reflective transmission array antenna and a construction method thereof, so as to reduce the section of the reflective transmission array antenna.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for constructing a reflective transmission array antenna, the method comprising:
etching the metal layers on the upper surface and the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate according to the central coordinate of each reflecting unit and the length of the pole to obtain a reflecting array antenna;
etching the metal layers on the upper surface and the lower surface of the second medium substrate according to the central coordinate of each transmission unit and the length of each electrode, wherein each transmission unit comprises a plurality of electrodes symmetrically arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the second medium substrate;
forming a through hole on the second dielectric substrate, and forming a metal layer on the inner wall of the through hole to obtain a transmission array antenna, wherein the through hole penetrates through poles symmetrically arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate;
and arranging the reflection array antenna and the transmission array antenna in parallel at a specified distance, wherein one side of the reflection array antenna with the pole is far away from the transmission array antenna so as to obtain the reflection transmission array antenna.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the length of the pole in each reflection unit and the length of the pole in each transmission unit are determined by:
determining a first relation curve of the length of the pole in the reflecting unit and the compensation phase, and determining a second relation curve of the length of the pole in the transmitting unit and the compensation phase;
determining the compensation phase of each reflecting unit according to the central coordinate of each reflecting unit;
determining the compensation phase of each transmission unit according to the central coordinate of each transmission unit;
determining the length of a pole corresponding to the compensation phase of each reflection unit in the first relation;
in the second relation, the length of the pole corresponding to the compensation phase of each transmission unit is determined.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the compensation phase of each reflection unit and the compensation phase of each transmission unit are determined by the following formula:
wherein k is 0 Is the propagation constant in vacuum, d i Representing the distance from the feed source phase center to the ith reflecting unit or the ith transmitting unit; (x) i ,y i ) Is the center coordinates of the ith reflecting unit or the ith transmitting unit;is the radiation direction of the reflective array antenna; phi (phi) R (x i ,y i ) Is the compensation phase of the i-th reflection unit or i-th transmission unit.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a reflective transmission array antenna, which comprises:
the reflection array antenna comprises a first dielectric substrate, a pole positioned at one side of the first dielectric substrate and a polarization grid positioned at the other side of the first dielectric substrate;
the transmission array antenna comprises a second dielectric substrate, a plurality of poles symmetrically arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate and a plurality of through holes, wherein the through holes penetrate through the poles symmetrically arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate;
the reflection array antenna and the transmission array antenna are arranged in parallel at a specified distance, and one side of the reflection array antenna with poles is far away from the transmission array antenna.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the coordinate axis o-x 'y' z of the transmission array antenna rotates 45 degrees around the z-axis relative to the coordinate axis o-xyz of the reflection array antenna, the reflection array antenna is divided into a plurality of reflection units, one side of each reflection unit includes three parallel poles extending along the x-direction in the coordinate axis o-xyz, the transmission array antenna is divided into a plurality of transmission units, and two sides of each transmission unit include two poles extending along the x '-direction in the coordinate axis o-x' y 'z and two poles extending along the y' -direction.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the lengths of the three parallel poles satisfy the following relationship:
L u2 ＝0.8L u1
wherein L is u2 For the length of the middle pole among the three parallel poles, L u1 The length of the poles on two sides among the three parallel poles.
The length and width of the transmission unit are 10 mm-14 mm, the width of the pole in the transmission unit is 0.5 mm-0.7 mm, the diameter of the through hole is 0.15 mm-0.25 mm, the distance between the through hole and the boundary of the transmission unit is 1 mm-2 mm, the length and width of the reflection unit are 10 mm-14 mm, the distance between the three parallel poles is 0.5 mm-1.5 mm, the width of the three parallel poles is 0.5 mm-1 mm, the thickness of the first medium substrate is 1 mm-2 mm, the thickness of the second medium substrate is 4 mm-6 mm, the designated distance is 1 mm-2 mm, the width of each grid in the polarization grid is 0.3 mm-0.4 mm, and the distance between the grids is 0.8 mm-1 mm.
The dimensions of the reflecting unit and the transmitting unit satisfy: the linear polarized electromagnetic wave radiated from the feed source passes through the reflecting unit and the polarization grating and then is subjected to phase compensation through the transmission unit to form circular polarized electromagnetic wave.
The technical scheme provided by the invention shows that the reflection transmission array antenna provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention combines the reflection array antenna and the transmission array antenna into a system, and the phase modulation functions of the two antennas can form a reflection transmission integrated bidirectional high gain after being integrated together, thereby increasing the utilization rate of the antenna.
The transmission unit with the through holes can realize global phase coverage only by a single-layer medium, realize the characteristic of low profile of the whole array and save the occupied space of the antenna.
The invention realizes the adjustable radiation characteristic of the bidirectional dual polarization, and has the characteristics of large bandwidth and high efficiency.
According to the invention, the linear polarization beam or the circular polarization beam in the set direction can be obtained only by regulating and controlling the rotation angle of the horn, the independently regulated and controlled bidirectional high-gain antenna is realized, and the reflection array and the transmission array have high isolation.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for constructing a reflective transmission array antenna provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a first relationship between the length of a pole in a reflection unit and the compensation phase;
FIG. 3 is a second relationship between the length of a pole and the compensation phase in a transmission unit according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of a reflective transmission array antenna provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of polarization grating reflection electromagnetic characteristics provided by the present invention;
fig. 6 is a polarization conversion diagram of a transmission unit provided by the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a radiation pattern of a reflective transmission array antenna provided by the present invention in a reflective mode;
fig. 8 is a radiation pattern of the reflective transmission array antenna provided by the present invention in a transmission mode;
fig. 9 is a graph of gain versus axial ratio for a reflective transmission array antenna provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments, it should be understood that these embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the scope of the present invention, and various modifications of equivalent forms of the present invention will fall within the scope of the appended claims after reading the present invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for constructing a reflective transmission array antenna according to the present invention includes:
s1: and etching the metal layers on the upper surface and the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate according to the central coordinate of each reflecting unit and the length of the pole to obtain the reflecting array antenna.
S2: and etching the metal layers on the upper surface and the lower surface of the second medium substrate according to the central coordinates of each transmission unit and the lengths of the poles, wherein each transmission unit comprises a plurality of poles symmetrically arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the second medium substrate.
S3: and forming a through hole on the second dielectric substrate, and forming a metal layer on the inner wall of the through hole to obtain the transmission array antenna, wherein the through hole penetrates through the poles symmetrically arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate.
And S4, arranging the reflection array antenna and the transmission array antenna in parallel at a specified distance, wherein one side of the reflection array antenna with the pole is far away from the transmission array antenna, so as to obtain the reflection transmission array antenna.
It can be seen that the transmission unit with the through hole provided by the invention can realize global phase coverage only by a single-layer medium, realizes the characteristic of low profile of the whole array, and saves the space occupied by the antenna.
Specifically, the length of the pole in each reflection unit and the length of the pole in each transmission unit are determined by the following methods:
determining a first relationship between the length of the pole in the reflection unit and the compensation phase, wherein the first relationship can be shown by referring to fig. 2;
determining a second relationship between the length of the pole in the transmission unit and the compensation phase, wherein the second relationship can be shown by referring to fig. 3;
determining the compensation phase of each reflecting unit according to the central coordinate of each reflecting unit;
determining the compensation phase of each transmission unit according to the central coordinate of each transmission unit;
determining the length of a pole corresponding to the compensation phase of each reflection unit in the first relation;
in the second relation, the length of the pole corresponding to the compensation phase of each transmission unit is determined.
Specifically, the compensation phase of each reflection unit and the compensation phase of each transmission unit are determined by the following formula:
wherein k is 0 Is the propagation constant in vacuum, d i Representing the phase centre of the feed to the ith reflection sheetA distance of the element or i-th transmission unit; (x) i ,y i ) Is the center coordinates of the ith reflecting unit or the ith transmitting unit;is the radiation direction of the reflective array antenna; phi (phi) R (x i ,y i ) Is the compensation phase of the i-th reflection unit or i-th transmission unit.
Referring to fig. 4, the present invention provides a reflective transmission array antenna, comprising:
the reflection array antenna comprises a first dielectric substrate, a pole positioned at one side of the first dielectric substrate and a polarization grid positioned at the other side of the first dielectric substrate;
the transmission array antenna comprises a second dielectric substrate, a plurality of poles symmetrically arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate and a plurality of through holes, wherein the through holes penetrate through the poles symmetrically arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate;
the reflection array antenna and the transmission array antenna are arranged in parallel at a specified distance, and one side of the reflection array antenna with poles is far away from the transmission array antenna.
Specifically, the reflection array antenna can be divided into a plurality of reflection units, in order to improve the working bandwidth of the reflection units, the invention introduces a multi-resonance structure, and three parallel poles are arranged on one side of each reflection unit, and the length of the pole positioned in the middle among the three parallel poles is longest, so that the resonance frequency of two poles with shorter length is partially overlapped with the resonance frequency of the pole positioned in the middle, thereby forming broadband characteristics. The three parallel poles may extend along the x-direction in the coordinate axis o-xyz of the reflective array antenna. As shown in reference 2, 360 ° global phase coverage of the reflection unit can be achieved by adjusting the length of the poles in the reflection unit, and polarization isolation of reflection and transmission can be achieved by reasonably arranging polarization gratings. Referring to fig. 5, the polarization grating is fully transmissive for orthogonally polarized waves in a reflective transmission array antenna.
Specifically, the lengths of the three parallel poles satisfy the following relation:
L u2 ＝0.8L u1
wherein L is u2 For the length of the middle pole among the three parallel poles, L u1 The length of the poles on two sides among the three parallel poles.
Specifically, the coordinate axis o-x 'y' z of the transmission array antenna rotates 45 degrees around the z axis relative to the coordinate axis o-xyz of the reflection array antenna, the transmission array antenna may be divided into a plurality of transmission units, two sides of each transmission unit include two poles extending along the x 'direction in the coordinate axis o-x' y 'z and two poles extending along the y' direction, and the phase in the direction can be adjusted by the sizes of the separate adjustment units on the x 'axis and the y' axis.
In order to solve the problem that the transmission unit with a single-layer structure is difficult to reach the 360-degree phase shift range, a plurality of through holes are formed in the second dielectric substrate, and each through hole penetrates through two poles symmetrically arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate. Referring to the second relationship curve of the length of the pole in the transmission unit and the compensation phase shown in fig. 3, it can be seen that by reasonably setting the positions of the through holes in the transmission unit, the electromagnetic coupling between the through holes can significantly affect the transmission coefficient, and an additional radiation mode can be generated for the transmission unit, the corresponding current distribution in the through holes changes along with the change of the pole lengths of the upper and lower surfaces of the transmission unit, the current change can directly affect the electromagnetic coupling between the through holes, which is equivalent to adding a changed coupling capacitance in the equivalent cascade circuit of the transmission unit, the size of the coupling capacitance is related to the pole lengths of the upper and lower surfaces of the second dielectric substrate, and the increase of the pole length can lead to the decrease of the coupling capacitance, so that along with the change of the pole lengths of the upper and lower surfaces of the second dielectric substrate, the current distribution in the through holes can also change correspondingly. The admittance of the transmission unit is changed from the original two layers to three layers due to the contribution of the coupling capacitance, and the microwave transmission theory shows that the three-layer cascade admittance can provide enough transmission phase coverage, and the minimum transmission layer number can be used for providing enough phase range by adjusting the coupling characteristic between the through holes.
Referring to fig. 4, the present invention may employ a linear polarization feed horn, and a linear polarization electromagnetic wave radiated from the feed source is phase-compensated by a transmission unit to form a circular polarization electromagnetic wave after passing through a reflection unit and a polarization grating. Referring to fig. 6, the principle of the transmission array antenna for realizing the transformation from linear polarization to circular polarization is as follows: the polarization direction of the incident electromagnetic wave is incident along the diagonal line of the transmission unit and can be decomposed into two mutually perpendicular components, namely two components with equal pair and same phaseAnd-> And->The amplitude phases after transmission via the nth transmission unit are in each case +.>And->The transmission wave amplitude of the transmission unit is +.>Andphase->And->The relationship between the phase of the transmission unit and the pole length can be shown with reference to fig. 3, in relation to the pole length on the nth transmission unit. By adjusting the length of the pole, make +.>Component sum->The phases of the components are 90 degrees apart, so that the transmitted electromagnetic wave is a circularly polarized wave.
Specifically, the length and width of the transmission unit are 10 mm-14 mm, the width of the pole in the transmission unit is 0.5 mm-0.7 mm, the diameter of the through hole is 0.15 mm-0.25 mm, the distance between the through hole and the boundary of the transmission unit is 1 mm-2 mm, the length and width of the reflection unit is 10 mm-14 mm, the distance between the three parallel poles is 0.5 mm-1.5 mm, the width of the three parallel poles is 0.5 mm-1 mm, the thickness of the first medium substrate is 1 mm-2 mm, the thickness of the second medium substrate is 4 mm-6 mm, the designated distance is 1 mm-2 mm, the width of each grid in the polarization grid is 0.3 mm-0.4 mm, and the distance between the grids is 0.8 mm-1 mm.
The dimensions of the reflecting unit and the transmitting unit satisfy: the linear polarized electromagnetic wave radiated from the feed source passes through the reflecting unit and the polarization grating and then is subjected to phase compensation through the transmission unit to form circular polarized electromagnetic wave.
The reflective transmission array antenna provided by the invention is further described below by way of a specific embodiment.
The first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate in fig. 4 are formed by using rogers 5880 dielectric plates, wherein the thickness h of the first dielectric substrate 1 Thickness h of the second dielectric substrate is 1.5mm 3 The distance between the reflective array antenna and the transmission array antenna is 5mm 2 1.5mm. The length and width of each reflecting unit are 12mm, and the space S between three parallel poles u The width W of the three parallel poles is 0.9mm u Is 0.7mm. Each transmission unit has a length and a width of 12mm, width W of each pole of the transmission unit d At 0.6mm, each transfer unit has 4 through holes, each through hole has a diameter of 0.2mm, and the distance S between the through hole and the boundary of the transfer unit d 1.5mm. Width W of each grid in the polarization grid s Distance P between grids of 0.375mm s The reflection loss of the polarization grating is 0.2dB at 0.875 mm. The antenna center frequency point is 12GHz. When the pyramid horn feed source is used for feeding the reflection transmission array antenna, the direction corresponding to the narrow side of the caliber surface of the horn feed source is the x direction in the coordinate axis o-xyz of the reflection array antenna, so that the polarization direction of the feed source is the x direction, the reflection transmission array antenna works in a reflection mode, the polarization mode is x polarization, the diameter of the circular array is 256mm, when the horn rotates 90 degrees, the polarization direction of the feed source is the y direction, and through circular polarization conversion, the reflection transmission array antenna works in a transmission mode, the polarization mode is left-hand circular polarization, and the diameter of the circular array is 256mm.
Referring to fig. 7, a radiation pattern of an E-plane and an H-plane of the reflective transmission array antenna in a reflective mode according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Referring to fig. 8, a radiation pattern of an E plane and an H plane of the reflective transmission array antenna in a transmission mode according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Referring to fig. 9, a graph of gain and axial ratio of a reflective transmission array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, where when the reflective transmission array antenna is operated in a reflective mode, the radiation gain is 27.5dB, the gain bandwidth is 16.6%, and the aperture efficiency is 54.3%. When the reflection transmission array antenna works in a transmission mode, the radiation gain is 26.7dB, the gain bandwidth is 9.2%, the caliber efficiency is 45.1%, and the reflection/transmission array antenna has good bidirectional dual-polarized radiation performance.
The foregoing embodiments in the present specification are all described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts of the embodiments are mutually referred to, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different manner from other embodiments.
The foregoing description is only a few embodiments of the present invention, and the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are merely embodiments adopted for the purpose of facilitating understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make any modification and variation in form and detail of the embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, but the scope of the present disclosure is still subject to the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A method of constructing a reflective transmission array antenna, the method comprising:
etching the metal layers on the upper surface and the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate according to the central coordinate of each reflecting unit and the length of the pole to obtain a reflecting array antenna;
etching the metal layers on the upper surface and the lower surface of the second medium substrate according to the central coordinate of each transmission unit and the length of each electrode, wherein each transmission unit comprises a plurality of electrodes symmetrically arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the second medium substrate;
forming a through hole on the second dielectric substrate, and forming a metal layer on the inner wall of the through hole to obtain a transmission array antenna, wherein the through hole penetrates through poles symmetrically arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate;
and arranging the reflection array antenna and the transmission array antenna in parallel at a specified distance, wherein one side of the reflection array antenna with the pole is far away from the transmission array antenna so as to obtain the reflection transmission array antenna.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the length of the poles in each reflecting unit and the length of the poles in each transmitting unit are determined by:
determining a first relation curve of the length of the pole in the reflecting unit and the compensation phase, and determining a second relation curve of the length of the pole in the transmitting unit and the compensation phase;
determining the compensation phase of each reflecting unit according to the central coordinate of each reflecting unit;
determining the compensation phase of each transmission unit according to the central coordinate of each transmission unit;
determining the length of a pole corresponding to the compensation phase of each reflection unit in the first relation;
in the second relation, the length of the pole corresponding to the compensation phase of each transmission unit is determined.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the compensation phase of each reflection unit and the compensation phase of each transmission unit are determined by the following formula:
wherein k is 0 Is the propagation constant in vacuum, d i Representing the distance from the feed source phase center to the ith reflecting unit or the ith transmitting unit; (x) i ,y i ) Is the center coordinates of the ith reflecting unit or the ith transmitting unit;is the radiation direction of the reflective array antenna; phi (phi) R (x i ,y i ) Is the compensation phase of the i-th reflection unit or i-th transmission unit.
4. A reflective transmission array antenna, comprising:
the reflection array antenna comprises a first dielectric substrate, a pole positioned at one side of the first dielectric substrate and a polarization grid positioned at the other side of the first dielectric substrate;
the transmission array antenna comprises a second dielectric substrate, a plurality of poles symmetrically arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate and a plurality of through holes, wherein the through holes penetrate through the poles symmetrically arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate;
the reflection array antenna and the transmission array antenna are arranged in parallel at a specified distance, and one side of the reflection array antenna with poles is far away from the transmission array antenna.
5. The reflectorized transmission array antenna of claim 4, wherein a coordinate axis o-x 'y' z of the transmission array antenna is rotated 45 degrees about a z-axis relative to a coordinate axis o-xyz of the reflectorized array antenna, the reflectorized array antenna being divided into a plurality of reflectorized elements, one side of each reflectorized element including three parallel poles extending along an x-direction in the coordinate axis o-xyz, the transmission array antenna being divided into a plurality of transmission elements, two sides of each transmission element including two poles extending along an x 'direction in the coordinate axis o-x' y 'z and two poles extending along a y' direction.
6. The reflectorized transmission array antenna of claim 5, wherein the three parallel poles have lengths that satisfy the following relationship:
L u2 ＝0.8L u1
wherein L is u2 For the length of the middle pole among the three parallel poles, L u1 The length of the poles on two sides among the three parallel poles.
7. The reflective transmission array antenna according to claim 5, wherein the transmission unit has a length and a width of 10mm to 14mm, the poles in the transmission unit have a width of 0.5mm to 0.7mm, the through holes have a diameter of 0.15mm to 0.25mm, the through holes are located at a distance of 1mm to 2mm from the boundaries of the transmission unit, the reflection unit has a length and a width of 10mm to 14mm, the three parallel poles have a pitch of 0.5mm to 1.5mm, the three parallel poles have a width of 0.5mm to 1mm, the first dielectric substrate has a thickness of 1mm to 2mm, the second dielectric substrate has a thickness of 4mm to 6mm, the specified distance is 1mm to 2mm, the width of each grid in the polarization grid is 0.3mm to 0.4mm, and the distance between grids is 0.8mm to 1mm.
8. The reflective transmission array antenna according to claim 5, wherein,
the dimensions of the reflecting unit and the transmitting unit satisfy: the linear polarized electromagnetic wave radiated from the feed source passes through the reflecting unit and the polarization grating and then is subjected to phase compensation through the transmission unit to form circular polarized electromagnetic wave.
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