CN115133276A - Dual-feed low-radar-scattering-cross-section microstrip array antenna based on metamaterial - Google Patents
Dual-feed low-radar-scattering-cross-section microstrip array antenna based on metamaterial Download PDFInfo
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- CN115133276A CN115133276A CN202210512359.1A CN202210512359A CN115133276A CN 115133276 A CN115133276 A CN 115133276A CN 202210512359 A CN202210512359 A CN 202210512359A CN 115133276 A CN115133276 A CN 115133276A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0086—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices having materials with a synthesized negative refractive index, e.g. metamaterials or left-handed materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q17/00—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems
- H01Q17/008—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems with a particular shape
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/06—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/065—Patch antenna array
Abstract
The invention discloses a metamaterial-based dual-feed microstrip array antenna with a low radar scattering cross section, which belongs to the technical field of antennas and comprises a plurality of laminated dielectric substrates, a phase regulating unit, a wave absorbing structure and a radiation patch, wherein the laminated dielectric substrates are arranged in a staggered mode; the laminated dielectric substrates are a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate, a third dielectric substrate and a fourth dielectric substrate from top to bottom in sequence; phase regulating units which are arranged in a rectangular array mode are printed on the upper surfaces of the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate; the upper surface of the third medium substrate is printed with a wave-absorbing structure; the upper surface of the fourth medium substrate is printed with radiation patches which are arranged in a rectangular array mode, and the lower surface of the fourth medium substrate is printed with a metal floor; the radiation patch is connected with the metal floor through the first coaxial line and the second coaxial line. The invention can ensure that the array antenna has good scattering property at the resonant frequency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a dual-feed low-radar-scattering-section microstrip array antenna based on a metamaterial.
Background
In the communication field, a signal transmitting and receiving system is one of the most important components in the whole communication platform, an antenna is a core part in the system, and radiation characteristics are main indexes for measuring the quality of the antenna. The key to improving the scattering properties is how to reduce the radar cross section, which is the most fundamental parameter in the scattering properties and is a measure of the return power of the target in a given direction under the irradiation of a plane wave.
The scattering of the antenna can be classified into structural mode term scattering and antenna mode term scattering. The structural mode term scattering is contributed by the structure of the antenna itself and is only affected by the material and physical structure of the antenna, so that the shape and material of the antenna only need to be designed reasonably to reduce the self scattering properly. The scattering of the antenna mode term is a scattering field formed by the fact that external electromagnetic waves are reflected at the antenna load and radiated out secondarily because the antenna end is not matched with the load. Therefore, the scattered field of the antenna mode item is closely related to the radiation of the antenna, so that the research on the reduction of the radar scattering cross section in the antenna band is difficult.
In recent years, various new electromagnetic materials have appeared, which have received wide attention from researchers at home and abroad with new and unique electromagnetic properties. These materials are currently being developed rapidly and have been applied to a variety of large fields. Among them, one of the most important applications is to reduce RCS of an antenna. The new electromagnetic materials have the wave front regulation function, and the good RCS reduction effect can be realized by effectively controlling the reflected electromagnetic waves. Therefore, it is very valuable to study the application of new electromagnetic materials in the RCS reduction of antennas.
Compared with the conventional antenna, the microstrip antenna has the advantages of light weight, small volume, thin section and easy processing.
A Patch Array Antenna for reducing the radar scattering cross section by Using an Anisotropic super surface is proposed in the paper "RCS Reduction of Patch Array Antenna Using an Anisotropic reactive surface" IEEE Antennas and Wireless Transmission Letters,2019 published by Qiang Chen. The antenna is characterized in that a layer of resistance super-surface is covered above the patch array antenna to reduce the cross section of the radar. The lower surface of a dielectric substrate with the thickness of 1.016mm is printed with a metal plate, the upper surface is printed with a 2X 2 patch array antenna, and radiation patches are connected through a metal micro-strip feed network and use coaxial feed. Six lumped resistors are arranged in a metal square loop, one lumped resistor is respectively arranged on the upper frame and the lower frame, and the resistance value is 300 ohms; two lumped resistors with the resistance value of 180 omega are respectively arranged on the left frame and the right frame, and a strip type inter-digital resonator is arranged between the two resistors when the strip type inter-digital resonator is incident in the same polarization. Under the in-band homopolarization state, the resistance super surface is equivalent to a transparent antenna housing for the array antenna, and the gain loss of the resistance super material antenna housing is only 0.7 dB. In an out-of-band or cross-polarization state, the array antenna itself serves as the ground of the resistive subsurface to form a wave-absorbing structure with a lower radar scattering cross-section. The structural coating, while having less effect on the radiation performance of the patch array antenna in-band, does not reduce the in-band radar cross section.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides a dual-feed low-radar-scattering-cross-section microstrip array antenna based on a metamaterial. The matching port is added in the cross polarization direction of the patch array antenna of the antenna, so that cross polarization matching absorption can be realized, and the array antenna can be ensured to have good scattering characteristics at the resonant frequency.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a dual-feed low-radar-scattering-cross-section microstrip array antenna based on a metamaterial comprises a plurality of stacked dielectric substrates, a phase regulating unit, a wave absorbing structure and a radiation patch; the laminated dielectric substrates are a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate, a third dielectric substrate and a fourth dielectric substrate from top to bottom in sequence; phase regulating units which are arranged in a rectangular array mode are printed on the upper surfaces of the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate; the upper surface of the third medium substrate is printed with a wave-absorbing structure; the upper surface of the fourth medium substrate is printed with radiation patches 9 arranged in a rectangular array mode, and the lower surface of the fourth medium substrate is printed with a metal floor 5; the radiating patches 9 are connected to the metal floor by a first coaxial line 6 and a second coaxial line 10.
Furthermore, the phase regulating unit is in a rectangular surrounding frame structure, and four phase regulating units are in a group; each group of phase control units corresponds to a radiation patch directly below the phase control unit, and the projection of the geometric center of the phase control unit is located at the right angle of the corresponding radiation patch 9.
Further, the distance between adjacent radiating patches is one half wavelength.
Further, the first coaxial line 6 and the second coaxial line 10 have the same distance to the geometric center of the radiation patch 9; and the first coaxial line and the second coaxial line both penetrate through the fourth dielectric substrate.
Furthermore, the wave-absorbing structure is a plurality of strip-shaped rectangular patches which are arranged in parallel.
Furthermore, the phase control unit is made of a metamaterial.
The invention adopts the technical scheme to produce the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the phase regulation and control unit can realize high transmission performance by regulating the size and the position of the inner and outer rectangular frames, and the wave-absorbing material mainly influences cross polarization, so that the resonance frequency and the radiation pattern of the radiation patch can be prevented from changing by regulating the size and the position of the inner and outer rectangular frames of the phase regulation and control unit, and the good radiation performance of the array antenna is ensured; when electromagnetic waves are irradiated perpendicularly, due to the chessboard distribution of the phase control units with different sizes, the radiation patch can generate destructive reflected waves with the same reflected electric field amplitude and 180-degree phase difference, meanwhile, cross polarization matching absorption can be achieved by adding matching ports in the cross polarization direction of the patch array antenna, and the array antenna can be guaranteed to have good scattering characteristics at the resonant frequency. The problem of produce great influence to antenna radiation performance when realizing that the effect of reducing in-band radar cross section is better among the prior art is overcome.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a phase adjustment unit according to an embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an arrangement of phase adjustment units according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a wave-absorbing structure according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a microstrip patch antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a comparative plot of the radiation pattern of the XOZ plane at 5.5GHz in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a comparative plot of the radiation pattern of the YOZ plane at 5.5GHz in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional comparison diagram of a single-station radar with XOZ and YOZ planes in 5-6GHz according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9 shows the radar cross-section reduction values for the XOZ and YOZ planes in 5-6GHz according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
A dual-feed low-radar-scattering-cross-section microstrip array antenna based on a metamaterial comprises a plurality of stacked dielectric substrates, a phase regulating unit, a wave absorbing structure and a radiation patch; the laminated dielectric substrates are a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate, a third dielectric substrate and a fourth dielectric substrate from top to bottom in sequence; phase regulating units which are arranged in a rectangular array mode are printed on the upper surfaces of the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate; the upper surface of the third medium substrate is printed with a wave-absorbing structure; the upper surface of the fourth medium substrate is printed with radiation patches 9 arranged in a rectangular array mode, and the lower surface of the fourth medium substrate is printed with a metal floor 5; the radiating patches 9 are connected to the metal floor by a first coaxial line 6 and a second coaxial line 10.
Furthermore, the phase regulating unit is in a rectangular surrounding frame structure, and four phase regulating units are in a group; each group of phase control units corresponds to a radiation patch directly below the phase control unit, and the projection of the geometric center of the phase control unit is located at the right angle of the corresponding radiation patch 9.
Further, the distance between adjacent radiating patches is one half wavelength.
Further, the first coaxial line 6 and the second coaxial line 10 have the same distance to the geometric center of the radiation patch 9; and the first coaxial line and the second coaxial line both penetrate through the fourth dielectric substrate.
Furthermore, the wave-absorbing structure is a plurality of strip-shaped rectangular patches which are arranged in parallel.
Furthermore, the phase control unit is made of a metamaterial.
The following is a more specific example:
referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment includes a first dielectric substrate 1, a second dielectric substrate 2, a third dielectric substrate 3, a fourth dielectric substrate 4, a phase adjusting unit 7, a wave-absorbing structure 8, and a radiation patch 9. Phase regulating units 7 which are arranged in a chessboard manner are printed on the upper surface of the first medium substrate 1; phase regulating units 7 which are arranged in a chessboard manner are printed on the upper surface of the second medium substrate 2; a strip-shaped wave absorbing structure is printed on the upper surface of the third medium substrate 3; the upper surface of the fourth dielectric substrate 4 is printed with a microstrip array antenna composed of periodically arranged radiation patches 9, and the lower surface is printed with a metal floor 5.
The first dielectric substrate 1 has the size of 112mm × 112mm × 1mm and the relative dielectric constant of 2.65, and is provided with 16 through holes for the second coaxial line 10 to pass through and 16 through holes for the first coaxial line 6 to pass through. The second dielectric substrate 2 and the fourth dielectric substrate 4 have the same size as the first dielectric substrate 1. The third dielectric substrate 3 has dimensions of 112mm × 112mm × 0.07mm and a relative dielectric constant of 3. The distance between the first dielectric substrate 1 and the second dielectric substrate 2 is 8mm, the distance between the second dielectric substrate 2 and the third dielectric substrate 3 is 5.15mm, and the distance between the third dielectric substrate 3 and the fourth dielectric substrate 4 is 8.3 mm.
Referring to fig. 2, the phase adjusting unit 7 on the first dielectric substrate 1 and the second dielectric substrate 2 of the present invention will be further described.
The phase regulation and control unit 7 is composed of an inner rectangular frame and an outer rectangular frame, and the rectangular frames are square. The outer rectangular frame is fixed to be 14mm in size and 0.5mm in width. The size of the inner rectangular frame can affect the high transmission of the phase regulation unit, the size of the adopted inner rectangular frame is 7.7mm and 9.3mm in combination with the requirement of scattering performance on the phase, and the width of the adopted inner rectangular frame is 0.1 mm.
The checkerboard arrangement of the phase modulating cells 4 of the present invention is further described with reference to fig. 3.
The four phase regulating units with the inner rectangular frames of 7.7mm are in one group, the inner rectangular frames of each group are distributed from the center positions of the dielectric substrate 2 and the dielectric substrate 3 in the X-axis negative direction, and the four groups of inner rectangular frames are distributed in the Y-axis positive direction; the four phase regulating units with the inner rectangular frame size of 9.3mm form a group, the four phase regulating units are four groups, the inner rectangular frames of each group are distributed from the center positions of the second medium substrate 2 and the third medium substrate 3 according to the positive direction of an X axis, and the inner rectangular frames of the four groups are distributed along the positive direction of a Y axis; all the inner rectangular frames form a chessboard structure after being centrosymmetric. The inner rectangular frame and the outer rectangular frame are arranged on the dielectric substrate according to the rule of 8 multiplied by 8. The geometric centers of the rectangular frames all correspond to the right angles of the radiating patches 9.
The wave-absorbing structure 8 of the embodiment of the invention is further described with reference to fig. 4.
The wave-absorbing structure 8 is composed of 64 strip-shaped rectangular patches, the width of each patch is 0.5mm, the length of each patch is 112mm, and the interval is 1.8 mm. The length of the strip patch is parallel to the Y axis, and the width of the strip patch is parallel to the X axis, so that the cross polarization of incident waves can be absorbed under the condition of not influencing the radiation performance.
With reference to fig. 5, the arrangement of the microstrip patch array antenna on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 4 according to the embodiment of the present invention is further described.
The radiation patch 9 is a square metal patch, and the size of the radiation patch is 14.9mm multiplied by 14.9 mm. The microstrip array antenna adopts 16 radiation patches, the arrangement mode is equidistant and centrosymmetric, and the distance is 28 mm. The second coaxial line 10 is welded with the radiation patch 9 through the through hole of the fourth dielectric substrate 4 to perform equal-power unequal-phase feeding. The first coaxial line 6 is welded with the radiation patch 9 through a through hole of the fourth dielectric substrate 4 for port matching.
According to the dual-feed low-radar-scattering-cross-section microstrip array antenna based on the metamaterial, the phase control metamaterial is adopted to control electromagnetism, and when the phase control metamaterial has high transmittance and only has a wave absorbing effect on cross polarization, the array antenna can have good radiation performance; when two phase regulating units with different sizes are arranged on a chessboard, the amplitudes of the reflected electric fields of the array antenna are equal, the phase difference is 180 degrees, and meanwhile, the low scattering characteristic of the microstrip array antenna can be realized by port matching in the cross polarization direction of the array antenna and application of wave-absorbing materials.
The technical effects of the invention can be further illustrated by simulation experiments:
1. simulation content:
1.1 the radiation pattern of the above embodiment at 5.5GHZ was calculated by simulation using commercial simulation software HFSS — 20.0, and the result is shown in fig. 6.
1.2 simulation calculations were performed on the single station radar cross section of the above embodiment using the commercial simulation software HFSS — 20.0, and the results are shown in fig. 7, in which: FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a monostatic radar of the embodiment array antenna in the XOZ and YOZ planes in 5-6GHz, and FIG. 9 is a radar cross-sectional reduction of the embodiment array antenna in the XOZ and YOZ planes in 5-6 GHz.
2. And (3) simulation result analysis:
referring to FIG. 6, a comparative radiation pattern of the XOZ plane at 5.5GHz for the example is shown. As can be seen from the figure, the gain peak value and the directional diagram of the reference array antenna of the embodiment array antenna are almost unchanged compared with the unloaded phase control super surface and the wave-absorbing material.
Referring to fig. 7, which is a cross-sectional comparison diagram of a single-station radar of the XOZ and YOZ planes in 5-6GHz of the array antenna of the embodiment, fig. 8 is a radar cross-sectional reduction value of the XOZ and YOZ planes in 5-6GHz of the array antenna of the embodiment. As can be seen from fig. 9, the maximum reduction of the radar cross section of the array antenna of the embodiment reaches 18.7dB at 5.6GHz in the XOZ plane, and reaches 15.8dB at 5.7GHz in the YOZ plane.
The simulation results show that the invention has good radiation characteristics, and simultaneously reduces the in-band radar section of the array antenna to a great extent, namely improves the scattering characteristics.
The above description and examples are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes in form and detail may be made based on the principle and construction of the present invention after understanding the content and design principle of the present invention, but such modifications and changes based on the inventive concept are still within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A dual-feed low-radar-scattering-cross-section microstrip array antenna based on a metamaterial comprises a plurality of stacked dielectric substrates, a phase regulating unit, a wave absorbing structure and a radiation patch; the dielectric substrate stacking structure is characterized in that the stacked dielectric substrates are a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate, a third dielectric substrate and a fourth dielectric substrate from top to bottom in sequence; phase regulating units which are arranged in a rectangular array mode are printed on the upper surfaces of the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate; the upper surface of the third medium substrate is printed with a wave-absorbing structure; the upper surface of the fourth medium substrate is printed with radiation patches (9) which are arranged in a rectangular array mode, and the lower surface of the fourth medium substrate is printed with a metal floor (5); the radiation patch (9) is connected with the metal floor through a first coaxial line (6) and a second coaxial line (10).
2. The microstrip array antenna with dual feed and low radar scattering cross section based on the metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein the phase adjusting unit is a rectangular surrounding frame structure, and four phase adjusting units are in a group; each group of phase control units corresponds to a radiation patch right below the phase control unit, and the projection of the geometric center of each phase control unit is positioned at the right angle of the corresponding radiation patch (9).
3. The metamaterial-based microstrip array antenna with a low radar scattering cross-section as claimed in claim 2, wherein the distance between adjacent radiating patches is one-half wavelength.
4. A metamaterial based microstrip array antenna with low radar cross section, according to claim 1, wherein the first coaxial line (6) and the second coaxial line (10) are at the same distance from the geometric center of the radiating patch (9); and the first coaxial line and the second coaxial line both penetrate through the fourth dielectric substrate.
5. The metamaterial-based microstrip array antenna with a low radar scattering cross section according to claim 1, wherein the wave-absorbing structure is a plurality of strip-shaped rectangular patches arranged in parallel.
6. The microstrip array antenna with dual feed and low radar scattering cross section based on the metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein the phase control unit is made of a metamaterial.
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| CN202210512359.1A CN115133276A (en) | 2022-05-12 | 2022-05-12 | Dual-feed low-radar-scattering-cross-section microstrip array antenna based on metamaterial |
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| CN202210512359.1A CN115133276A (en) | 2022-05-12 | 2022-05-12 | Dual-feed low-radar-scattering-cross-section microstrip array antenna based on metamaterial |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115621742A (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-01-17 | 南京邮电大学 | Low radar scattering cross section reflective array antenna based on three-dimensional frequency selection structure |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115621742A (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-01-17 | 南京邮电大学 | Low radar scattering cross section reflective array antenna based on three-dimensional frequency selection structure |
| CN115621742B (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-03-14 | 南京邮电大学 | Low radar scattering cross section reflective array antenna based on three-dimensional frequency selection structure |
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