CN115441210A - Self-decoupling circularly polarized filter antenna array - Google Patents
Self-decoupling circularly polarized filter antenna array Download PDFInfo
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- CN115441210A CN115441210A CN202211039504.5A CN202211039504A CN115441210A CN 115441210 A CN115441210 A CN 115441210A CN 202211039504 A CN202211039504 A CN 202211039504A CN 115441210 A CN115441210 A CN 115441210A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
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- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
A self-decoupling circularly polarized filter antenna array comprises a dielectric substrate, a system floor, a parasitic patch substrate and an antenna unit; the system floor is printed on the lower surface of the medium substrate; each antenna unit comprises two parts, namely a microstrip patch circularly polarized antenna printed on a dielectric substrate and a parasitic patch positioned right above the microstrip patch circularly polarized antenna; the antenna part positioned on the dielectric substrate is used as a radiation patch and comprises a port a and a U-shaped gap, the port a is positioned on the dielectric substrate and connected with the feed patch, and the U-shaped gap is positioned on the radiation patch and is symmetrical with the radiation patch in the Y direction; an air gap exists between the parasitic patch and the radiation patch, the parasitic patch and the radiation patch are printed on a small-sized dielectric substrate, and the radiating patch is provided with a U-shaped gap which is symmetrical about the Y direction. The antenna has the advantages of resisting same frequency interference, high isolation, filtering out different frequency influence and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, relates to antenna design, and particularly relates to a self-decoupling circularly polarized filter antenna array.
Background
In the field of satellite communications, circularly polarized antennas are widely used in the field because they suppress the depolarization effect and the anti-multipath reflection effect of rain and fog. Different applications may impose some special requirements on the performance of the circularly polarized antenna, such as wide beam, wide frequency band, high gain, high low elevation gain, etc. Meanwhile, the circularly polarized antenna array can generate excessive same frequency interference without increasing a decoupling structure, and the density of array arrangement is influenced, so that the overall volume of the system is increased, and unnecessary loss is introduced. Therefore, increasing the number of antennas and simultaneously ensuring good working performance of the antenna array are one of the difficulties in antenna array design, and are also problems to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the above drawbacks of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a self-decoupled circular polarized filter antenna array, so as to solve the problems of performance and high isolation between ports under the condition of compact arrangement of the conventional circular polarized antenna array. The electric field intensity at a specific position is weakened by exciting a special patch antenna structure, so that high isolation between ports is realized; a parasitic patch is added to improve the working bandwidth of the antenna and improve the high-frequency filtering performance of the antenna; the U-shaped gap is added on the radiation patch to improve the low-frequency filtering characteristic of the antenna, so that the band-pass filtering effect is finally realized, and the influence of lower different frequency on the system is ensured.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a self-decoupling circularly polarized filter antenna array comprises a dielectric substrate, a parasitic patch substrate, a system floor and a plurality of antenna units;
each antenna unit comprises a two-layer structure, wherein the first layer is a radiation patch printed on a dielectric substrate and a feed patch thereof, the radiation patch and the feed patch thereof form a microstrip patch circularly polarized antenna, a gap is reserved between the radiation patch and the feed patch, and the whole antenna adopts a coupling feed mode; the second layer is a parasitic patch printed on a parasitic patch substrate;
the system floor is printed on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate, the parasitic patch substrate is arranged above the dielectric substrate in parallel, an air gap is reserved between the parasitic patch substrate and the radiation patch, the parasitic patch is located right above the radiation patch, and the centers of the parasitic patch substrate and the radiation patch substrate are aligned with each other.
In one embodiment, the dielectric substrate is rectangular, the parasitic patch substrates are rectangular, and the parasitic patch substrates are adjacent to each other in sequence.
In one embodiment, each of the radiating patches is placed centrally on a dielectric substrate along an X-direction; each of the parasitic patches is centrally placed on its parasitic patch substrate.
In one embodiment, the radiating patch and the parasitic patch are the same size and shape, and have cut angles of symmetrical length.
In one embodiment, each of the antenna elements is horizontally arranged along the Y direction, and the distance between the feeding ports of the adjacent antenna elements is equal to 0.53 times the wavelength of the resonant frequency.
In one embodiment, the radiation patch adopts a coupling feeding mode and is provided with a first U-shaped slot which is symmetrical along the Y axis, and the total length of the first U-shaped slot is equal to 0.44 times of the wavelength of the resonant frequency; and the parasitic patch is provided with a U-shaped gap II which is symmetrical along the Y axis, and the total length of the U-shaped gap II is equal to 0.29 times of the resonant frequency wavelength.
In one embodiment, the ends of the U-shaped structures of the first U-shaped slot and the second U-shaped slot extend inwards for a certain distance.
In one embodiment, the dielectric substrate and the parasitic patch substrate are both made of Rogers RT5870, the thicknesses of the Rogers RT5870 are 3.175mm and 1.5mm respectively, and the height of an air gap between the Rogers RT5870 and the parasitic patch substrate is 4.4mm.
In one embodiment, the antenna has an operating frequency range of 3.29GHz-3.9GHz with adjacent port isolation less than-18 dB, adjacent port isolation less than-27 dB in the frequency range of 3.43GHz-3.52GHz, and an antenna axis ratio less than-3 dB in the frequency range of 3.38GHz-3.50 GHz.
In one embodiment, the antenna is used for satellite navigation immunity.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the antenna array, two coupling paths can be generated through the radiation patch and the feed structure, opposite phases and equal amplitude are achieved in a specific area, the antenna B is placed in a weak field area of the antenna A, the antenna array without a decoupling structure can resist same frequency interference, and high isolation between antenna units is achieved; meanwhile, the parasitic patch and the U-shaped gap are added, so that the influence of different frequencies on an antenna system is reduced, and the filtering effect is realized without adding an additional filtering circuit. The research result can provide key technical support for guaranteeing the anti-interference capability and the precision capability of the satellite navigation equipment.
The antenna covers N78 frequency bands, has the advantages of resisting different frequency interference and high isolation between the antennas, and is suitable for the field of satellite navigation anti-interference.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the radiation patch of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the parasitic patch of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a graph of transmission coefficients according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a graph of reflection coefficient versus gain according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a diagram of antenna axis ratios according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. port a; 2. a port b; 3. a port c; 4. a port d; 11. a dielectric substrate; 12. a system floor; 13. a radiation patch; 14. feeding a patch; 15. a U-shaped gap is formed in the radiation patch; 21. a parasitic patch substrate; 22. a parasitic patch; 23. and a U-shaped gap is formed in the parasitic patch.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but without limitation thereto.
As described above, aiming at the problem that the decoupling structure has a secondary influence on the antenna radiation in the existing antenna array design process, in order to realize the integration of the radiation decoupling of the anti-interference antenna array, the invention provides a circularly polarized filter antenna array based on weak field self-decoupling, which mainly comprises a dielectric substrate 11, a system floor 12, a parasitic patch substrate 21 and a plurality of antenna units, as shown in fig. 1. The system floor 12 is printed on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 11 and has the same area as the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 11. In fig. 1, 4 antenna elements are shown.
The structure of each antenna unit is the same, each antenna unit comprises two layers of structures, the first layer is a microstrip patch circular polarization antenna printed on a dielectric substrate 11, the microstrip patch circular polarization antenna is formed by a radiation patch 13 and a feed patch 14 thereof, a gap is reserved between the radiation patch 13 and the feed patch 14 thereof, and the whole antenna adopts a coupling feed mode; the feed ports of adjacent antenna elements are equally spaced. The second layer is a parasitic patch 22 printed on the upper surface of a parasitic patch substrate 21.
The antenna unit adopts a two-layer structure, the radiation unit obtains energy from the feed structure, part of the energy is coupled to the parasitic patch 22, and the parasitic patch 22 radiates to the space after receiving the energy, so that the two units have radiation effects and can generate two resonance points, and the distance between the two resonance points and the size of the two resonance points can influence the impedance bandwidth of the antenna.
The parasitic patch substrate 21 is disposed above the dielectric substrate 11 in parallel, and an air gap exists between the parasitic patch substrate and the radiating patch 13, wherein the parasitic patch 22 is located right above the radiating patch 13, and the centers of the parasitic patch substrate and the radiating patch 13 are aligned with each other. The position of a resonance point can be adjusted by changing the height of the air gap, and the impedance bandwidth of the antenna is changed.
In the structure shown in fig. 1, the ports of 4 antenna elements are shown, port a1, port b2, port c3 and port d4 respectively. Port a1 is a port of antenna element a and port B2 is a port of antenna element B.
Illustratively, the dielectric substrate 11 and the parasitic patch substrate 21 are both made of Rogers RT5870, and have thicknesses of 3.175mm and 1.5mm, respectively, and an air gap height of 4.4mm therebetween.
In the embodiment of the invention, the antenna units are horizontally arranged along the Y direction, the distance between the feed ports of the adjacent antenna units is equal to 0.53 times of the resonant frequency wavelength, and the coupling path generated by the feed structure and the radiation patch realizes the equal radiation reverse offset at the position. The dielectric substrate 11 and the parasitic patch substrate 21 are both rectangular, and each radiation patch 13 is placed on the dielectric substrate 11 in the middle along the X direction; each parasitic patch 22 is centrally placed on its parasitic patch substrate 21, with the parasitic patch substrates 21 being adjacent in sequence.
It will be readily appreciated that the radiating patches 13 of the present invention are preferably of the same size and shape as the parasitic patches 22, and are illustratively rectangular in shape with cut-angles of symmetrical length, for circular polarisation, and require the generation of two spatially orthogonal linearly polarised electric field components of equal amplitude, 90 ° out of phase, with the cut-angles of symmetrical length causing one phase to advance by 45 ° and the other phase to retard by 45 °, for circular polarisation radiation to be generated in the remote region.
Preferably, two U-shaped slits are etched on the surfaces of the radiating patch 13 and the parasitic patch 22, respectively, and the radiating patch 13 and the parasitic patch 22 are simultaneously etched. Referring specifically to fig. 2 and 3, the radiating patch 13 is a coupling feed type, and has a first U-shaped slot 15 symmetrical along the Y-axis, and a total length Lx of the first U-shaped slot 15 is equal to 0.44 times the wavelength of the resonant frequency. The parasitic patch 22 has a U-shaped slot 23 symmetrical along the Y-axis, and the total length Lx of the U-shaped slot 23 is equal to 0.29 times the wavelength of the resonant frequency.
The U-shaped gap I15 has the effect that according to the radiation cancellation principle, current directions of the inner side and the outer side of the gap are opposite, the current directions can be mutually counteracted in a far field, and a gain zero point can be generated when the current directions are reflected on a gain curve. When the gain zero point is close to the edge of the gain passband, the sideband roll-off rate is improved, so that the roll-off characteristic is optimized, and the filtering effect at the low frequency is realized.
The effect of the U-shaped slot two 23 is also based on the radiation cancellation principle, but is realized on a parasitic patch, and since the addition of the parasitic patch itself introduces a resonance point in the high frequency band, the U-shaped slot 23 mainly affects the filter characteristic of the high frequency band of the antenna.
In the embodiment of the invention, the end parts of the U-shaped structures of the first U-shaped gap 15 and the second U-shaped gap 23 extend inwards for a certain distance, and the function is to change the current flow direction inside and outside the gaps, so that mutual offset in a far field is realized.
In the embodiment of the invention, other structural dimensions are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
Wherein: l is a radical of an alcohol 0 Is the length of the dielectric substrate 11, L 1 Is the length of the radiating patch 13, L 2 Is the width, L, of the radiation patch 13 3 The length of a long side of a feed patch 14 close to a radiation patch, the length of a feed patch on the left side of a port, the length of a feed patch on the right side of the port, the length of a parasitic patch substrate 21, the length of a parasitic patch 22, the width of a parasitic patch 22, the length of a long side of a U-shaped slot I15, the length of a parasitic patch substrate 21, the length of a parasitic patch 22, the width of a parasitic patch 22, the length of a long side of a U-shaped slot I10, the length of a long side of a U-shaped slot II 23, the width of a dielectric substrate 1, the width of a slot between the feed patch 14 and the radiation patch 13, the length of a long side of the feed patch 14 close to the radiation patch, the width of the U-shaped slot I15, the length of the W5, the width of the slot on the U-shaped slot I15, the W6, the slot width of the slot II 23, the wide side length of the U-shaped slot II 23, the W7, and the length of the slot II 23.
According to the antenna array, two coupling paths can be generated through the radiation patch and the feed structure, opposite phases and equal amplitudes are achieved in a specific area, the antenna unit B is placed in a weak field area of the antenna unit A, the antenna array without a decoupling structure can resist same-frequency interference, and high isolation between the antenna units is achieved; meanwhile, the U-shaped gaps etched on the radiating patch and the parasitic patch generate gain zero points at low frequency and high frequency respectively, so that the influence of different frequency on an antenna system can be reduced, and the overall anti-different-frequency interference is realized.
The antenna covers N78 frequency bands, has the advantages of pilot frequency interference resistance and high isolation, and is suitable for the field of satellite navigation anti-interference.
The effect of the invention can be further explained by combining the simulation result:
fig. 4 is a transmission coefficient diagram of a circular polarized filter antenna array based on weak field self-decoupling according to this embodiment. Wherein | S 21 L is the forward transmission coefficient of the antenna port a1 to the port b 2; i S 32 L is a forward transmission coefficient of the antenna port b2 to the port c 3; i S 43 And | is the forward transmission coefficient of the antenna port c3 to the port d4. Obviously, the isolation of adjacent ports is less than-18 dB in the working frequency range of 3.29GHz-3.9GHz, and the isolation of adjacent ports is less than-27 dB in the frequency range of 3.43GHz-3.52 GHz.
As shown in fig. 5, it is a graph of reflection coefficient and gain of the circular polarized filter antenna array based on weak field self-decoupling of this embodiment. Wherein | S 11 I is the reflection coefficient of the antenna port a, and the working frequency band is 3.29GHz-3.9GHz; i S 22 I is the reflection coefficient of the antenna port b, and the working frequency band is 3.31-3.92GHz; i S 33 I is the reflection coefficient of the antenna port c, and the working frequency band is 3.26-3.96GHz; i S 44 And | is the reflection coefficient of the antenna port d, and the working frequency band is 3.23-3.91GHz. As can be seen from the gain plots, the average gain within the operating band is approximately 6dBic, with a peak gain of 6.7dBic, occurring at 3.45GHz. Meanwhile, the whole system has obvious out-of-band rejection, and the filtering effect is realized.
As shown in fig. 6, it is an axial ratio curve diagram of a circular polarized filter antenna array based on weak field self-decoupling according to this embodiment. The antenna axis ratio is lower than-3 dB in the frequency range of 3.38GHz-3.50 GHz.
In conclusion, the antenna array has the advantages of high isolation, pilot frequency interference resistance, compact arrangement and the like, meanwhile, the design is completed under the condition that no additional decoupling structure or no additional filter circuit is provided, the size of the antenna array is reduced to a certain extent, and the antenna array is suitable for the field of satellite navigation anti-interference.
The circularly polarized filter antenna array based on weak field self-decoupling provided by the invention is introduced in detail, and the principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained and realized by applying the detailed structural design parameters. The above description of the embodiments is only intended to facilitate the understanding of the method of the invention and its core idea. It should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A self-decoupling circularly polarized filter antenna array is characterized by comprising a dielectric substrate (11), a parasitic patch substrate (21), a system floor (12) and a plurality of antenna units;
each antenna unit comprises a two-layer structure, wherein the first layer is a radiation patch (13) and a feed patch (14) thereof printed on a dielectric substrate (11), the radiation patch (13) and the feed patch (14) thereof form a microstrip patch circularly polarized antenna, a gap is reserved between the radiation patch (13) and the feed patch (14), and the whole antenna adopts a coupling feed mode; the second layer is a parasitic patch (22) printed on a parasitic patch substrate (21);
the system floor (12) is printed on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate (11), the parasitic patch substrate (21) is arranged above the dielectric substrate (11) in parallel, an air gap is reserved between the parasitic patch substrate and the radiation patch (13), the parasitic patch (22) is located right above the radiation patch (13), and the centers of the parasitic patch and the radiation patch are aligned with each other.
2. The self-decoupled, circularly polarized filter antenna array according to claim 1, wherein said dielectric substrate (11) is rectangular, said parasitic patch substrates (21) are rectangular, and each parasitic patch substrate (21) is adjacent in sequence.
3. The self-decoupled, circularly polarized filter antenna array according to claim 1, wherein each of said radiating patches (13) is placed centrally on a dielectric substrate (11) in the X-direction; each of the parasitic patches (22) is centrally placed on its parasitic patch substrate (21).
4. The self-decoupled, circularly polarized filter antenna array according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the radiating patches (13) and the parasitic patches (22) are all the same size and shape, each having a cut angle of symmetrical length.
5. The self-decoupled, circularly polarized filter antenna array according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein each of said antenna elements is horizontally arranged along the Y-direction, and the feed port spacing between adjacent antenna elements is equal to 0.53 times the resonant frequency wavelength.
6. The self-decoupled circularly polarized filter antenna array according to claim 5, wherein said radiating patch (13) is a coupled feed having a first U-shaped slot (15) symmetrical along the Y-axis, and the total length of the first U-shaped slot (15) is equal to 0.44 times the resonant frequency wavelength; and the parasitic patch (22) is provided with a U-shaped second slot (23) which is symmetrical along the Y axis, and the total length of the U-shaped second slot (23) is equal to 0.29 times of the wavelength of the resonant frequency.
7. The self-decoupled circularly polarized filter antenna array of claim 6, wherein the ends of the U-shaped structures of the first U-shaped slot (15) and the second U-shaped slot (23) each extend inwardly a distance.
8. The circular polarized filter antenna array based on weak field self-decoupling according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the dielectric substrate (11) and the parasitic patch substrate (21) are both made of Rogers RT5870, and have thicknesses of 3.175mm and 1.5mm respectively, and the height of the air gap between the dielectric substrate and the parasitic patch substrate is 4.4mm.
9. The circular polarized filter antenna array based on weak field self-decoupling as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the antenna working frequency range is 3.29GHz-3.9GHz, the adjacent port isolation is less than-18 dB, the adjacent port isolation is less than-27 dB in the frequency range of 3.43GHz-3.52GHz, and the antenna axis ratio is less than-3 dB in the frequency range of 3.38GHz-3.50 GHz.
10. The circular polarized filter antenna array based on weak field self-decoupling as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the antenna is used for satellite navigation anti-jamming.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN116151038A (en) * | 2023-04-18 | 2023-05-23 | 安徽大学 | Analysis method of circular polarization MIMO microstrip antenna array self-decoupling technology |
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