CN114566796A - Broadband high-gain circularly polarized filtering antenna - Google Patents

Broadband high-gain circularly polarized filtering antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114566796A
CN114566796A CN202210252487.7A CN202210252487A CN114566796A CN 114566796 A CN114566796 A CN 114566796A CN 202210252487 A CN202210252487 A CN 202210252487A CN 114566796 A CN114566796 A CN 114566796A
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dielectric substrate
patch
square
radiation
antenna
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CN114566796B (en
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张垚
王继兴
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Xiamen University
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Xiamen University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/0006Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
    • H01Q15/0053Selective devices used as spatial filter or angular sidelobe filter
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/24Polarising devices; Polarisation filters 

Abstract

A broadband high-gain circularly polarized filtering antenna relates to the field of radio frequency communication. From down up including four layers of dielectric substrate, first metal ground of first layer dielectric substrate upper surface printing, second floor dielectric substrate printing gap coupling feed network, radiation structure of third layer dielectric substrate upper surface printing, parasitic structure of fourth layer dielectric substrate's lower surface printing. The first metal ground is a square metal copper surface, the radiation structure is a square corner cut radiation patch, and the parasitic structure is a square slotted parasitic patch; the slot coupling feed network comprises a micro-strip feed line and double Y-shaped slots, the double Y-shaped slots are printed on a second metal ground, and the second metal ground and the micro-strip feed line are respectively printed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the second layer of dielectric substrate. By exciting the radiator structure with the circular polarization radiation function and the filtering function by using the slot coupling feed network, good broadband circular polarization radiation characteristics and high roll-off filtering characteristics are generated.

Description

Broadband high-gain circularly polarized filtering antenna
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of radio frequency communication, in particular to a broadband high-gain circularly polarized filter antenna.
Background
In the early days of the development of radio frequency technology, the antenna and the filter were designed separately and cascaded together. A new concept is proposed for exploring a method for reducing the size and the insertion loss: and (4) a filtering antenna. The filtering antenna integrates the functions of the filter and the antenna without the need to design the antenna and the filter separately and cascade them through a 50 ohm port. This can greatly reduce the size of the structure, reduce the complexity of the structure, and reduce the insertion loss and signal interference. Meanwhile, the circularly polarized antenna is a hot spot explored by people because the circularly polarized antenna can avoid polarization mismatch and can be widely applied to a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) system.
Circular polarization filter antennas that combine a filter antenna with a circular polarization function have received much attention in the recent years. At present, most circular polarization filtering antennas simply cascade a band-pass filter to the circular polarization antenna, or integrate the circular polarization antenna and the band-pass filter, so that the structural complexity is increased and the insertion loss of the system is improved. The existing circularly polarized filter antenna has the defects of narrow working bandwidth, incapability of meeting the broadband working environment and the like. Therefore, circular polarization filter antennas without additional filter circuits and broadband circular polarization filter antennas are becoming important antenna types to be discussed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a broadband high-gain circularly polarized filter antenna aiming at the defects in the prior art, the radiation characteristic of the antenna can realize the filtering performance of high gain, circular polarization and high roll-off, the working bandwidth is wide, no additional filter circuit is introduced, and the antenna structure is simple.
The invention comprises a first layer of dielectric substrate, a second layer of dielectric substrate, a third layer of dielectric substrate and a fourth layer of dielectric substrate from bottom to top, wherein a first metal ground is printed on the upper surface of the first layer of dielectric substrate, a slot coupling feed network is printed on the second layer of dielectric substrate, a radiation structure is printed on the upper surface of the third layer of dielectric substrate, and a parasitic structure is printed on the lower surface of the fourth layer of dielectric substrate.
The first metal ground is a square metal copper surface, the radiation structure is a square corner cut radiation patch, and the parasitic structure is a square slotted parasitic patch; the square corner-cut radiation patch is a common square patch, and is obtained by cutting off one pair of opposite corners; the square slotted parasitic patch is a common square patch, and is obtained by opening a rectangular groove towards the center of the patch along one corner.
The slot coupling feed network comprises a micro-strip feed line and double Y-shaped slots, the double Y-shaped slots are printed on a second metal ground, and the second metal ground and the micro-strip feed line are respectively printed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the second layer of dielectric substrate.
The microstrip feeder is a rectangular feeder and is used for coupling an excitation signal to the double Y-shaped slot through the feeder, so that the excitation signal is further coupled to a radiation structure of the upper third-layer dielectric substrate and a parasitic structure of the fourth-layer dielectric substrate.
The corner cut direction of the square corner cut radiation patch may be along a direction that is exactly 45 degrees from the X-axis.
The slotting direction of the rectangular slot of the square slotted parasitic patch can be along a direction deviating from the positive 135 degrees of the X axis; the parasitic patch is introduced to lead the antenna to introduce a radiation suppression zero point on the right side of the passband, and the parasitic patch is subjected to slotting treatment to lead the antenna to introduce a radiation suppression zero point on the left side of the passband.
The double Y-shaped gaps comprise a main gap and four branch gaps, the main gap is a rectangular groove, and the inclination angle of the main gap deviates from the negative direction of the X axis by minus 45 degrees; four branch festival gaps are four rectangular channels, and wherein two branch festival gap connections are terminal in the upper left side in trunk gap, and X axle positive direction and Y axle positive direction are followed respectively to its direction, and two other branch festival gaps are then connected at the right side below in trunk gap terminal, and X axle positive direction and Y axle negative direction are followed respectively to its direction.
According to the invention, the slot coupling feed network is used for exciting the radiator structure with the circular polarization radiation function and the filtering function, so that good broadband circular polarization radiation characteristic and high roll-off filtering characteristic are generated.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention adopts a double-Y-shaped slot coupling feed mode to realize wider working frequency band of the antenna and realize the performance characteristic of high gain in the working frequency band;
2. the invention adopts the mode of cutting the angle of the radiation patch, so that the antenna can meet good circular polarization performance in a broadband.
3. The invention realizes the directionality and high gain of antenna radiation by printing the metal ground on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate;
4. according to the invention, the parasitic patch is introduced and the slot processing is carried out on the parasitic patch, so that the antenna can realize good roll-off filtering effects on two sides of the passband at the same time;
5. the invention has simple structure, realizes the filtering effect of high roll-off without introducing an additional filtering circuit, and does not introduce additional loss; the insertion loss of the antenna is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a first dielectric slab of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a top-down view of a second layer of the dielectric sheet of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of a third dielectric slab in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic bottom view of a fourth dielectric slab according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of reflection coefficient S11 versus frequency for the simulation of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph of results of circularly polarized gain versus frequency for the present invention in a simulation state;
FIG. 8 is a graph of axial ratio versus frequency results for the present invention in a simulation state;
FIG. 9 is the directivity pattern of the invention on the XOZ plane;
fig. 10 is a pattern of the present invention on the YOZ plane.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to examples and drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
As shown in fig. 1, a broadband high-gain circularly polarized filter antenna includes four layers of dielectric plates, a certain distance is provided between layers, and the antenna includes, from bottom to top, a first layer of dielectric substrate 1, a second layer of dielectric substrate 2, a third layer of dielectric substrate 3, and a fourth layer of dielectric substrate 4, wherein the first metal ground 5 is printed on the upper surface of the first layer of dielectric substrate, the gap coupling feed network is printed on the second layer of dielectric substrate, the radiation structure is printed on the upper surface of the third layer of dielectric substrate, and the parasitic structure is printed on the lower surface of the fourth layer of dielectric substrate. The slot coupling feed network is used for exciting the radiation structure and the parasitic structure above, and good broadband circular polarization, high-gain radiation performance and high roll-off band-pass filtering characteristics are generated.
As shown in fig. 2, the first metal ground 5 is a square metal copper surface, and forms a reflector plate of the antenna structure together with the first dielectric substrate 1, and the directivity and high gain performance of antenna radiation are realized by introducing the reflector plate.
As shown in fig. 3, the slot-coupled feed network includes a microstrip feed line 6 and a double Y-shaped slot 7, the double Y-shaped slot is printed on a second metal ground 8, the second metal ground 8 and the microstrip feed line are respectively printed on the upper and lower surfaces of the second layer dielectric substrate, and the second metal ground 8 is a square copper metal surface. The double-Y-shaped gap comprises a main gap and four branch gap, wherein the main gap is a rectangular groove, and the inclination angle of the main gap deviates from the negative direction of the X axis by 45 degrees. Four branch festival gaps are four rectangular channels, and wherein two branch festival gap connections are terminal in the upper left side in trunk gap, and X axle negative direction and Y axle positive direction are followed respectively to its direction, two other branch festival gaps are then connected at the right side below in trunk gap terminal, and X axle positive direction and Y axle negative direction are followed respectively to its direction. The microstrip feed line is a rectangular feed line through which the excitation signal is coupled to the double Y-slot, and thus further coupled to the radiating structure and parasitic structure above. The slot coupling feed network is utilized to feed the radiation structure, so that the broadband of the working frequency band is realized.
As shown in fig. 4, the radiator structure is a square corner cut radiation patch 9, the square corner cut radiation patch is a common square patch, one pair of opposite corners of the square patch is cut off, and the direction of the corner cut is along a direction deviating from the X axis by positive 45 degrees, so that the antenna can satisfy the circular polarization performance by controlling the size of the corner cut.
As shown in fig. 5, the parasitic structure is a square slotted parasitic patch 10, the square slotted radiation patch is a common square patch, and is obtained by opening a rectangular groove 11 towards the center of the patch along one corner, and the slotting direction of the rectangular groove 11 is along a direction deviating from the X axis by positive 135 degrees; by introducing the square parasitic patch, a radiation suppression zero point is introduced to the right side of the passband of the antenna, and the position of the zero point is adjusted by controlling the height between the parasitic patch and the radiation patch, so that a good roll-off effect is realized on the right side band; in addition, the square parasitic patch is subjected to slotting treatment, so that a radiation suppression zero point is introduced into the left side of the pass band of the antenna, and the position of the zero point is adjusted by controlling the length of the slot, so that a good filtering effect is realized in the left band. By utilizing the introduction of the two radiation suppression zeros, a good band-pass filtering effect of the high-gain broadband circularly polarized antenna is achieved.
Fig. 6 and 7 show simulation result graphs of reflection coefficient S11-frequency and gain curve-frequency of the broadband high-gain circularly polarized filter antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention, wherein impedance matching in a pass band is good, impedance bandwidth is 3.16 to 5.93GHz, and return loss is below-10 dB; gain in the working frequency band is about 8dBi, both sides of the passband have high roll-off filtering effects, and filtering suppression exceeding 15dB from 0-3 GHz and out-of-band filtering suppression exceeding 15dB from 7-8 GHz are realized.
Fig. 8 is a simulation result diagram of axial ratio-frequency of the broadband high-gain circularly polarized filter antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention, where the axial ratio bandwidth is 3.76 to 5.98GHz and is substantially within the impedance bandwidth range, so as to implement broadband circular polarization performance.
Fig. 9 and 10 show the directional patterns of the broadband high-gain circularly polarized filter antenna provided by one embodiment of the invention on the XOZ plane and the YOZ plane. As can be seen from fig. 9 and 10, the antenna of the present invention has good directional radiation characteristics and a cross-polarization level of less than-15 dB.
In conclusion, the circularly polarized filtering antenna has a simple structure, realizes a filtering effect of high roll-off without introducing an additional filtering circuit, and does not introduce additional loss; by adopting a double-Y-shaped slot coupling mode, a wider working frequency band is realized, and the performance characteristic of high gain is realized in the working frequency band; the antenna adopts a mode of cutting the angle of the radiation patch, so that the antenna can meet good circular polarization performance in a broadband.
The embodiment of the invention can adjust the size of the related structure according to the requirement to adapt to the receiving and transmitting equipment of the wireless communication system with different frequency bands, and is particularly suitable for being applied to complex communication environments due to the circular polarization characteristic and the filtering characteristic of the invention. And because of the integration of the radiation characteristic and the filter characteristic, the antenna has simple structure and lower loss in the system, and is suitable for being applied to wireless mobile communication equipment.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A broadband high-gain circularly polarized filter antenna is characterized by comprising a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate, a third dielectric substrate and a fourth dielectric substrate from bottom to top, wherein a first metal ground is printed on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate, a gap coupling feed network is printed on the second dielectric substrate, a radiation structure is printed on the upper surface of the third dielectric substrate, and a parasitic structure is printed on the lower surface of the fourth dielectric substrate;
the first metal ground is a square metal copper surface, the radiation structure is a square corner cut radiation patch, and the parasitic structure is a square slotted parasitic patch;
the slot coupling feed network comprises a micro-strip feed line and double Y-shaped slots, the double Y-shaped slots are printed on a second metal ground, and the second metal ground and the micro-strip feed line are respectively printed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the second layer of dielectric substrate.
2. The broadband high-gain circularly polarized filter antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein said square corner-cut radiation patch is a square patch, one pair of opposite corners of which is cut off; the square slotted parasitic patch is a square patch and is formed by opening a rectangular groove towards the center of the patch along one corner.
3. The broadband high-gain circularly polarized filter antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein said microstrip feed line is a rectangular feed line for coupling the excitation signal to the double Y-shaped slot through the feed line, thereby further coupling to the radiation structure of the upper third dielectric substrate and the parasitic structure of the fourth dielectric substrate.
4. The wideband high-gain circularly polarized filter antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein the corner cut direction of said square corner cut radiating patch is along a direction 45 degrees positive from the X-axis.
5. The broadband high-gain circularly polarized filter antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein the slotting direction of the rectangular slots of said square slotted parasitic patch is along a direction which is positive 135 degrees off the X-axis; the parasitic patch is introduced to lead the antenna to introduce a radiation suppression zero point on the right side of the passband, and the parasitic patch is subjected to slotting treatment to lead the antenna to introduce a radiation suppression zero point on the left side of the passband.
6. The broadband high-gain circularly polarized filter antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein the double Y-shaped slots comprise a main slot and four branch slots, the main slot is a rectangular slot, and the tilt angle of the main slot deviates from the negative direction of the X-axis by negative 45 degrees; four branch festival gaps are four rectangular channels, and wherein two branch festival gap connections are terminal in the upper left side in trunk gap, and X axle negative direction and Y axle positive direction are followed respectively to its direction, and two other branch festival gaps are then connected at the right side below in trunk gap terminal, and X axle positive direction and Y axle negative direction are followed respectively to its direction.
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114899594A (en) * 2022-06-27 2022-08-12 东莞理工学院 Broadband filtering patch antenna based on double-ring gap structure coupling feed
CN115441210A (en) * 2022-08-29 2022-12-06 西安电子科技大学 Self-decoupling circularly polarized filter antenna array
CN115621743A (en) * 2022-11-17 2023-01-17 中南大学 Double-frequency filtering type linear polarization converter

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114899594A (en) * 2022-06-27 2022-08-12 东莞理工学院 Broadband filtering patch antenna based on double-ring gap structure coupling feed
CN114899594B (en) * 2022-06-27 2023-04-14 东莞理工学院 Broadband filtering patch antenna based on double-ring gap structure coupling feed
CN115441210A (en) * 2022-08-29 2022-12-06 西安电子科技大学 Self-decoupling circularly polarized filter antenna array
CN115621743A (en) * 2022-11-17 2023-01-17 中南大学 Double-frequency filtering type linear polarization converter

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