CN108615448A - The device that mining area surface collapses can be simulated in a kind of teaching of coal mine - Google Patents
The device that mining area surface collapses can be simulated in a kind of teaching of coal mine Download PDFInfo
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- CN108615448A CN108615448A CN201810453889.7A CN201810453889A CN108615448A CN 108615448 A CN108615448 A CN 108615448A CN 201810453889 A CN201810453889 A CN 201810453889A CN 108615448 A CN108615448 A CN 108615448A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/40—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for geology
Abstract
The device that mining area surface collapses can be simulated in imparting knowledge to students the invention discloses a kind of coal mine, the coal seam (2) and other multiple rock stratum frame (1) including simulation and be disposed therein, it is provided with water-bearing layer (3) above the coal seam (2), it is provided with water-bearing layer simulation system in the water-bearing layer (3), it is provided with overlying strata Collapse monitor system on the simulation frame (1), the overlying strata Collapse monitor system includes ruler (402) and is arranged in the horizontal laser light instrument (401) simulated on frame, horizontal laser light instrument (401) setting is in the left side of the simulation frame (1), height is equal with the final laying tip height of aggregate.There is the device of the invention measuring and calculating to collapse angle, the functions such as simulation AQUIFER HYDRAULIC, while have the advantages that simple in structure, function is compact, and experimentation cost is cheap, test efficiency and high precision.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coal mine and teaching fields, can simulate what mining area surface collapsed in imparting knowledge to students more particularly to a kind of coal mine
Device.
Background technology
Due to the complicated and changeable of geological conditions of digging up mine, mining engineering mechanics problem influence factor is numerous, and each mine
Production technique is complicated and changeable, some questionnaires also cannot get satisfactory result with Computer Numerical Simulation.It can not be complete
Accurately in reflection actual conditions and mining process caused by adopting rock movement, so physical simulation test with
By means of the advantage of the accurate and reliable aspect of rock movement in anti-mining active process, still occupied importantly in mining engineering research process
Position.
Document《Shallow coal scam three-dimensional similar material simulation experiment is studied》Build three-dimensional scale model research shallow embedding coal
Overlying Strata In A Face and Surface movement rule in layer recovery process analyze overlying rock movement rule by three-dimensional analog simulation
Rule, rupture arch at and changing rule and subsidence movement law, test result provide directive significance for scene；
Application number 201520494665.2, application number：201720062903.1 waiting the work(all to three-dimensional similar simulation experimental
Energy and the scope of application have all done good trial and improvement, but for the analog simulation mined on entire water-bearing layer, his shadow
The factor of sound should be complicated and various as influence factor in actual production, because being analog simulation, what is made every effort to is exactly to need
It to be emulated herein for the various factors height mined on the water-bearing layer encountered in practice, to three-dimensional in actual production
Analog simulation frame, under the design and three-dimensional simulation of three-dimensional water-bearing layer simulation system the making etc. in crack all expand new research,
So that it is more emulated, and result is not being influenced using auxiliary links such as intelligentized stones for the complexity produced in practice
In the case of experimental cost and manpower intensity is greatly lowered.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide in a kind of coal mine teaching simple in structure, at low cost, easy to operate
The device that mining area surface collapses can be simulated.
Can simulate the device that mining area surface collapses in a kind of teaching of coal mine, including simulation frame and the coal seam that is disposed therein and
Other multiple rock stratum, water-bearing layer is provided with above the coal seam, and water-bearing layer simulation system is provided in the water-bearing layer,
Overlying strata Collapse monitor system is provided on the simulation frame, the overlying strata Collapse monitor system includes ruler and is arranged in the mould
Horizontal laser light instrument on quasi- frame, the horizontal laser light instrument be arranged in the left side of the simulation frame, highly with the final aggregate that is laid with
Tip height is equal.
The device that mining area surface collapses can be simulated in coal mine teaching of the present invention, wherein state water-bearing layer simulation system
Including horizontally disposed 6 round water pipes and 8 straight tubes, the circle water pipe by water pipe bending, the head and the tail connection of strip and
At, it is formed in the interior thereof circular space, the circular space coaxial arrangement and diameter that described 6 round water pipes are formed are different,
One end of 8 straight tubes is both connected on the axle center of the circular space, 8 straight tubes and 6 round water pipe phases
Even and by the round water pipe even partition it is 8 parts, hole for water spraying is both provided on each connected point, described in 8
Straight tube is connected to the inside of 6 round water pipes.
The device that mining area surface collapses can be simulated in coal mine teaching of the present invention, wherein be located at 4 of the left and right sides
The straight tube is connected with intelligent pressure control water tank, and the pressure control section of the intelligence pressure control water tank is 0-10MPa；The hole for water spraying is normal
When be closed state, formed one seam, the water spray of the hole for water spraying is related with hydraulic pressure, and correlation between the two is：Q=
0.9P+1.25, P are pressure, and unit MPa, Q are flow, Unit/mL/s, when internal P is more than 5MPa, just have water ejection.
The device that mining area surface collapses can be simulated in coal mine teaching of the present invention, wherein the section of the straight tube is straight
Diameter is 25mm, and the water-bearing layer simulation system is made using high-strength plastic glue material；The round water each from the inside to the outside
The diameter of section of pipe is followed successively by 10mm, 12mm, 14mm, 16mm, 18mm and 20mm；The diameter of the circular space of formation is followed successively by
150mm, 300mm, 500mm, 900mm, 1300mm and 1800mm.
It includes automatic smoothing pressurization aggregate that the device that mining area surface collapses can be simulated in coal mine teaching of the present invention
Analog simulation device comprising the supporting rod above the simulation frame is set and is flexibly connected with the supporting rod 3
Hydraulic prop, the hydraulic prop can be free to slide in the lateral direction along the supporting rod, in the intermediate hydraulic pressure branch
The lower end of column is connected with flattening device, and the lower end of the hydraulic prop of both sides is connected with squeeze board, and the flattening device passes through
Rotary shaft is fixed on the lower end of the hydraulic prop, and the flattening device includes swingle and be fixed on its lower end smooth wheel,
The wheel that smooths is made of the steel body of rod of multiple arcs, and the rotary shaft includes sequentially connected first pillar card from top to bottom
Slot, electric rotating machine and driven shaft, the rotary shaft further include drive link, and the upper end of the drive link is arranged in the electric rotating machine
Middle part, lower end is arranged in the bottom of the driven shaft；
It is respectively set there are one fixed pillar in the both sides of the simulation frame, lifting dress is provided on the fixed pillar
It sets, the both ends of the supporting rod are separately fixed on two lifting gears.
The device that mining area surface collapses can be simulated in coal mine teaching of the present invention, wherein the first pillar card slot
It is fixed on positioned at the lower end of the intermediate hydraulic prop, the top of the lower part of the driven shaft and the swingle is provided with phase
The quantity of the helicitic texture mutually coordinated, the steel body of rod of the arc is 4, and the wheel that smooths can revolve clockwise and anticlockwise
Turn；The squeeze board is circle, and the top of the squeeze board is provided with the second pillar card slot, is fixed on positioned at described in both sides
The lower end of hydraulic prop；
The distance between the fixed pillar and the simulation frame are 2000mm, and the internal diameter of the first pillar card slot is
60mm, outer diameter 80mm are highly 50mm, and a diameter of 80mm of the electric rotating machine is highly 50mm, the drive link it is straight
Diameter is 15mm, and length 150mm, a diameter of 50mm of the driven shaft are highly 50mm；
The diameter of a circle for smoothing wheel rotation formation is 1800mm, and the swingle is hollow structure, length 400-
600mm, internal diameter 50mm；The internal diameter of the second pillar card slot is 60mm, and the diameter and thickness of the squeeze board is respectively
1700mm and 8mm, material are iron；
The method that aggregate laying is carried out using the analog simulation device of automatic smoothing pressurization aggregate, including walk as follows
Suddenly：
Step 1: according to model needs and the likelihood ratio, each layer of simulated thickness for needing the aggregate being laid with is determined, and then really
Determine the relationship between the height and the hydraulic prop length of the lifting gear, wheel and the simulation frame top are smoothed described in guarantee
The distance between portion is：Depth of stratum/k is simulated, k is compactness, is 94%；
Step 2: simulation depth of stratum according to demand, determines the aggregate amount of each layering, according to 20% redundancy
Prepare raw material；
Step 3: setting up model, the height of the lifting gear and the intermediate hydraulic prop is fixed, is comforted described in guarantee
Flat wheel and the simulation frame bottom plate distance are：Height/k of first simulation layering, pours into first mould that blender is stirred
The aggregate of quasi- layering, startup smooth wheel, so that it is rotated clockwise, and move back and forth 1 bout in the simulation frame, ensure bone
Material is laid with plain substantially, smooths wheel described in the rotation of another mistake hour hands, moves back and forth 1 bout in the simulation frame, guarantee is extra
Aggregate is rejected to around the entire simulation frame, and manual cleaning is once；
Step 4: rising the intermediate hydraulic prop, the hydraulic prop of both sides moves on in the simulation frame, is compacted
Onto the aggregate of the first simulation layering, compaction pressure 2000KN rises after having pressed, is moved along 800mm, continues to press
It is real, until being pressed onto centre position for two, rises two hydraulic props and remove other than the simulation frame；
Step 5: pouring into the aggregate of second layer simulation rock stratum, the process of deployment in step 3 and step 4 is repeated；
Step 6: after being laid with last layer, removes the squeeze board on three hydraulic props and described smooth
Device is laid with several iron blocks above the simulation frame, re-lays one piece of iron plate, the length of the iron plate, width above it
It is respectively 5500mm, 1900mm and 10mm with thickness, three hydraulic props are uniformly pressed on the iron plate, realize overlying
The pressure of rock stratum is replaced.
The device that mining area surface collapses can be simulated in coal mine teaching of the present invention, wherein the top in the coal seam
3 fissure zones for including crack are provided with, the first fissure zone, the second fissure zone and third fissure zone are sequentially consisted of, it is long
It is followed successively by 4000 × 1300mm, 3000 × 900mm and 2000 × 600mm with wide；
The crack is made using crack fabricated device, the crack fabricated device include squeeze grip, pedestal and
The elastic interlayer being disposed there between, the squeeze grip are cuboid, including four the first side walls and top plate, the pedestal
For cuboid, including four second sidewalls and bottom plate, pass through multiple Elastic plastic-rubber phases between the squeeze grip and the pedestal
Even, and between the squeeze grip and the pedestal there is certain interval, form the elastic interlayer；The prefabricated dress in crack
It sets including multiple crack preparing department, the crack preparing department includes fixing axle, boosting blade, crack blade and slideway；
The fixing axle is located at the inside of the squeeze grip, and both ends are separately fixed at described positioned at front side and rear side
In one side wall, the slideway is the hollow structure of strip, and upper end is fixed on by slideway rotary shaft in the pedestal, the cunning
Road is two, is separately positioned on the left and right sides of the fixing axle, and the boosting blade is two, and upper end is connected to the fixation
On axis, the lower end of each boosting blade is all connected with there are one crack blade, and the crack blade is applied in the slideway；
The crack fabricated device includes the first control shaft and the second control shaft, first control shaft and all cracks
The lower end of the slideway positioned at left side of preparing department is connected, and first through hole, first control are provided on the left of the pedestal
The left end of axis is helicitic texture, is pierced by from the first through hole, the left end of first control shaft is provided with nut, described
Second control shaft is connected with the lower end of the slideway positioned at right side of all crack preparing department, is provided on the right side of the pedestal
The right end of second through-hole, second control shaft is helicitic texture, is pierced by from second through-hole, in second control shaft
Right end be provided with nut；Multiple long stripes through holes passed through for the crack blade are provided on the bottom plate of the pedestal.
The device that mining area surface collapses can be simulated in coal mine teaching of the present invention, wherein the institute of the squeeze grip
Top plate a length of 800mm, width 200mm, thickness 45mm are stated, the height of the first side wall is 55mm, and material is plastics；The bottom
The height of a length of 800mm, width 200mm, thickness 200mm of the bottom plate of seat, the second sidewall are 15mm；The elasticity
The height of plastic cement is 200mm, and anterior-posterior length 200mm, left and right width is 20mm, and compression zone is less than 100mm under 10kg pressure；
Upper and lower a length of 140mm of the boosting blade, thickness 3mm, front and back width be 200mm, the crack blade up and down
A length of 300mm, thickness 1.5mm, front and back width are 200mm；A length of 150mm of the slideway, wall thickness 2mm, front and back width are
200mm, hollow thickness are 3.5mm；The material of the boosting blade, the crack blade and the slideway is iron；
The length of the helicitic texture of first control shaft and second control shaft is 30-100mm.
The device that mining area surface collapses can be simulated in coal mine teaching of the present invention, wherein the simulation frame is rectangular
Body structure, bottom inside it are provided with infiltration water tank, and the infiltration water tank passes through water pipe and the water outside the simulation frame
Case is connected, and pressure valve is provided on the water pipe；The infiltration water tank is rectangle, is made of PVC material, in the infiltration water
It is provided with multiple water seepage holes on the top plate of case, composite earthwork displacement hull is internally provided in the infiltration water tank.
The device that mining area surface collapses can be simulated in coal mine teaching of the present invention, wherein the length and width of the simulation frame
Height is respectively 4000mm, 2500mm and 3000mm, and the length, width and height of the infiltration water tank are respectively 4000mm, 2500mm and 100mm,
A diameter of 1mm of the water seepage hole, the distance between two neighboring described water seepage hole are 50mm；The composite earthwork displacement hull by
High pressure polyethylene extrusion process forms, and two sides has different rib and groove, voidage 80-95%, 250KPa pressure
Under, compression ratio is less than 10%.
The device difference from prior art that mining area surface collapses can be simulated in the teaching of invention coal mine to be：
The device that mining area surface collapses can be simulated in the teaching of invention coal mine to simulate on the left of frame, with the final top for being laid with aggregate
It holds contour position to install a horizontal laser light instrument, when overlying strata are collapsed because of seam mining, measures and collapse vertically by a ruler
The distance of point, mapping point of the horizontal laser light instrument on ruler to point of collapse can directly be read out on ruler, you can with test
Entire the case where collapsing, it is significant to collapse the parameters such as angle for calculating.
The circular water-bearing layer simulation system of the present invention is specific in three-dimensional analog simulation working face in a square
Device apart from the permeable simulation in interior water-bearing layer, it is big for the centre coefficient of permeability of goaf top plate, the four of goaf top plate
The characteristic that all position coefficients of permeability gradually reduce.
The analog simulation device of automatic smoothing pressurization aggregate realizes oneself of large-scale three dimensional analog simulation laying in the present invention
Dynamicization, precision, compaction are unprecedentedly promoted, and improve test accuracy；Carry out the laying of three-dimensional analog simulation device, compacting and
Pressurization not only realizes intelligence, and three functions are all compressed on three hydraulic props, are not only simple in structure, function is tight
It gathers, greatly reduces experimentation cost, reduce worker's intensity, improve test efficiency and precision.
It is described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to the device that mining area surface collapses can be simulated in the coal mine teaching of the present invention.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram that the device that mining area surface collapses can be simulated in coal mine of the present invention teaching；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of water-bearing layer simulation system in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the analog simulation device of automatic smoothing pressurization aggregate in the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of rotary shaft in the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the upward view of flattening device in the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of squeeze board in the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of last compacting process during being laid in the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram of crack fabricated device in the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the structural schematic diagram that water tank is permeated in the present invention；
Figure 10 is the structural schematic diagram of the top plate of infiltration water tank in the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
As shown in Fig. 1~Figure 10, the device that mining area surface collapses, including simulation 1 He of frame can be simulated in a kind of teaching of coal mine
The coal seam 2 and other multiple rock stratum being disposed therein, water-bearing layer 3 is provided with above coal seam 2, is provided with and contains in water-bearing layer 3
Water layer simulation system is provided with overlying strata Collapse monitor system on simulation frame 1, and overlying strata Collapse monitor system includes 402 He of ruler
Horizontal laser light instrument 401 on simulation frame is set, and horizontal laser light instrument 401 is arranged in the left side of simulation frame 1, is highly laid with final
The tip height of aggregate is equal, when overlying strata are collapsed because of seam mining, ruler 402 is taken to measure point of collapse, horizontal laser light instrument vertically
The distance of 401 mapping point on ruler 402 to point of collapse can directly be read out on ruler 402, you can entire to test
It is significant to collapse the parameters such as angle for calculating for the case where collapsing.
It is optimal technical scheme below：
Water-bearing layer simulation system includes horizontally disposed 6 round water pipes 301 and 8 straight tubes 302, round water pipe 301 by
The water pipe bending of strip is formed by connecting from beginning to end, is formed in the interior thereof circular space, and the circle that 6 round water pipes 301 are formed is empty
Between be coaxially disposed and diameter is different, one end of 8 straight tubes 302 is both connected on the axle center of circular space, 8 straight tubes 302 and 6
Round water pipe 301 is connected and is 8 parts by 301 even partition of round water pipe, and spray is both provided on each connected point
Water hole, 8 straight tubes 302 are connected to the inside of 6 round water pipes 301.
4 straight tubes 302 positioned at the left and right sides are connected with intelligent pressure control water tank 303, the pressure control area of intelligent pressure control water tank 303
Between be 0-10MPa；When hole for water spraying is normal be closed state, formed one seam, the water spray of hole for water spraying is related with hydraulic pressure, the two it
Between correlation be：Q=0.9P+1.25, P are pressure, and unit MPa, Q are flow, Unit/mL/s, when internal P is more than 5MPa
When, just have water ejection.
The diameter of section of straight tube 302 is 25mm, and water-bearing layer simulation system is made using high-strength plastic glue material；From inner
Diameter of section to outer each round water pipe 301 is followed successively by 10mm, 12mm, 14mm, 16mm, 18mm and 20mm；The circle of formation
The diameter in space is followed successively by 150mm, 300mm, 500mm, 900mm, 1300mm and 1800mm.
The circular water-bearing layer simulation system of the present invention is specific in three-dimensional analog simulation working face in a square
Device apart from the permeable simulation in interior water-bearing layer, it is big for the centre coefficient of permeability of goaf top plate, the four of goaf top plate
The characteristic that all position coefficients of permeability gradually reduce.
Automatic smoothing pressurizes the analog simulation device of aggregate, including simulation frame 1 and the supporting rod 502 that is disposed there above,
3 hydraulic props 503 are connected on supporting rod 502, hydraulic prop 503 can be along supporting rod 502 in the lateral direction
It is free to slide, it is connected with flattening device 504 in the lower end of Zhong Jian hydraulic prop 503, the lower end of the hydraulic prop 503 of both sides connects
It is connected to squeeze board 505, flattening device 504 is fixed on the lower end of hydraulic prop 503 by rotary shaft 506, and flattening device 504 includes
Swingle 516 and be fixed on its lower end smooth wheel 517, smooths wheel 517 and is made of the steel body of rod of multiple arcs, rotary shaft
506 include that sequentially connected first pillar card slot 507, electric rotating machine 508 and driven shaft 509, rotary shaft 506 are also wrapped from top to bottom
Drive link 510 is included, the upper end of drive link 510 is arranged at the middle part of electric rotating machine 508, and lower end is arranged in the bottom of driven shaft 509.
It is respectively set there are one fixed pillar 511 in the both sides of simulation frame 1, lifting dress is provided on fixed pillar 511
512 are set, the both ends of supporting rod 502 are separately fixed on two lifting gears 512, can be slided up and down with lifting gear 512.
First pillar card slot 507 is fixed on positioned at the lower end of intermediate hydraulic prop 503, the lower part of driven shaft 509 and rotation
The top of bull stick 516 is provided with mutually matched helicitic texture, and the quantity of the steel body of rod of arc is 4, and smoothing wheel 517 can
It is rotated both clockwise and counterclockwise.
Squeeze board 505 is circle, and the top of squeeze board 505 is provided with the second pillar card slot 513, is fixed on positioned at both sides
Hydraulic prop 503 lower end.
The distance between fixed pillar 511 and simulation frame 1 are 2000mm, and the internal diameter of the first pillar card slot 507 is 60mm, outside
Diameter is 80mm, is highly 50mm, and a diameter of 80mm of electric rotating machine 508 is highly 50mm, a diameter of 15mm of drive link 510,
Length is 150mm, and a diameter of 50mm of driven shaft 509 is highly 50mm.
It is 1800mm to smooth the diameter of a circle that 517 rotation of wheel is formed, and swingle 516 is hollow structure, length 400-
600mm, internal diameter 50mm；The internal diameter of second pillar card slot 513 is 60mm, and the diameter and thickness of squeeze board 505 is respectively
1700mm and 8mm, material are iron.
The effect being finally reached be smooth wheel 517 can counterclockwise and rotate clockwise, hydraulic prop 503 can go up downward
Whole height, the total amount for the aggregate being laid with according to each layer need thickness and compacting factor to be simulated, adjusting to smooth wheel 517 and exist
Automation has been achieved in spatially height value, and eliminates the successively accumulated error for referential.
The analog simulation device of automatic smoothing pressurization aggregate using the present invention carries out the bone in three-dimensional analog simulation device
The method for expecting to be laid with, includes the following steps：
Step 1: according to model needs and the likelihood ratio, each layer of simulated thickness for needing the aggregate being laid with is determined, and then really
Determine the relationship between 503 length of height and hydraulic prop of lifting gear 512, guarantee smooths between 1 top of wheel 517 and simulation frame
Distance be：Simulate depth of stratum/k, k is compactness, be 94% compactness according to test of many times, generally 94%；
Step 2: simulation depth of stratum according to demand, determines the aggregate amount of each layering, according to 20% redundancy
Prepare raw material such as sand, lime, cement etc.；
Step 3: setting up model, the height of fixed lifting gear 512 and intermediate hydraulic prop 503, guarantee smooths wheel
517 are with simulation 1 bottom plate distance of frame：Height/k of first simulation layering pours into the first simulation layering that blender is stirred
Aggregate, startup smooth wheel 517, it are made to rotate clockwise, and move back and forth 1 bout in simulation frame 1, ensure that aggregate is spread substantially
If plain, the rotation of another mistake hour hands smooths wheel 517, moves back and forth 1 bout in simulation frame 1, it is whole to ensure that extra aggregate is rejected to
Around a simulation frame 1, manual cleaning is once；
Step 4: rising intermediate hydraulic prop 503, the hydraulic prop 503 of both sides moves on in simulation frame 1, is compacted to the
On the aggregate of one simulation layering, compaction pressure 2000KN rises after having pressed, is moved along 800mm, continues to be compacted, until
Until two are pressed onto centre position, rise two hydraulic props 503 and remove other than simulation frame 1；
Step 5: pouring into the aggregate of second layer simulation rock stratum, the process of deployment in step 3 and step 4 is repeated；
Step 6: after being laid with last layer, remove squeeze board 505 and the flattening device on three hydraulic props 503
504, several iron blocks 514 are laid with above simulation frame 1, re-lay one piece of iron plate 515, the length of iron plate 515, width above it
It is respectively 5500mm, 1900mm and 10mm with thickness, three hydraulic props 503 are uniformly pressed on iron plate 515, realize overlying strata
The pressure of layer is replaced.
The top in coal seam 2 is provided with 3 fissure zones for including crack, sequentially consists of the first fissure zone, second
Fissure zone and third fissure zone, it is long to be followed successively by 4000 × 1300mm, 3000 × 900mm and 2000 × 600mm with wide；
Crack is made using crack fabricated device, and crack fabricated device includes squeeze grip 601, pedestal 602 and sets
Elastic interlayer between is set, squeeze grip 601 is cuboid, including four the first side walls and top plate, and pedestal 602 is length
Cube, including four second sidewalls and bottom plate are connected between squeeze grip 601 and pedestal 602 by multiple Elastic plastic-rubbers 603,
And between squeeze grip 601 and pedestal 602 have certain interval, formed elastic interlayer, mainly supporting role, rebound and
Protection；Crack fabricated device includes multiple crack preparing department, and crack preparing department includes fixing axle 604, boosting blade 605, crack
Blade 606 and slideway 607；
Fixing axle 604 is located at the inside of squeeze grip 601, and both ends are separately fixed at the first side wall positioned at front side and rear side
On, slideway 607 is the hollow structure of strip, and upper end is fixed on by slideway rotary shaft 608 in pedestal 602, and slideway 607 is two
It is a, it is separately positioned on the left and right sides of fixing axle 604, boosting blade 605 is two, and upper end is connected in fixing axle 604, each
The lower end of boosting blade 605 is all connected with there are one crack blade 606, and crack blade 606 is applied in slideway 607；Boosting blade
605 can change the angle of itself when squeeze grip 601 moves down, to extrude crack blade 606 without changing blade
Direction or extremely small change angle but do not influence to use.
Crack fabricated device includes the first control shaft 609 and the second control shaft 610, and the first control shaft 609 is split with all
The lower end of the slideway 607 positioned at left side of gap preparing department is connected, and the left side of pedestal 602 is provided with first through hole, the first control
The left end of axis 609 is helicitic texture, is pierced by from first through hole, the left end of the first control shaft 609 is provided with nut 611, the
Two control shafts 610 are connected with the lower end of the slideway 607 positioned at right side of all crack preparing department, are set on the right side of pedestal 602
It is equipped with the second through-hole, the right end of the second control shaft 610 is helicitic texture, is pierced by from the second through-hole, in the second control shaft 610
Right end is provided with nut 611；Multiple long stripes through holes passed through for crack blade 606 are provided on the bottom plate of pedestal 602.It is logical
Cross the rotation of nut 611, you can accurately control the angle change in crack.Slideway 607 is in the first control shaft 609 and the second control shaft
Under the action of 610, it can be rotated around slideway rotary shaft 608, to change prefabricated crack angle.
The height of the top plate a length of 800mm, width 200mm, thickness 45mm of squeeze grip 601, the first side wall are 55mm, material
Matter is plastics；The height of a length of 800mm of the bottom plate of pedestal 602, width 200mm, thickness 200mm, second sidewall are 15mm；Bullet
Property plastic cement 603 height be 200mm, anterior-posterior length 200mm, left and right width be 20mm, compression zone is less than under 10kg pressure
100mm；
Upper and lower a length of 140mm of boosting blade 605, thickness 3mm, front and back width are 200mm, and crack blade 606 is grown up and down
For 300mm, thickness 1.5mm, front and back width is 200mm；A length of 150mm of slideway 607, wall thickness 2mm, front and back width are 200mm, in
Empty thickness is 3.5mm；The material of boosting blade 605, crack blade 606 and slideway 607 is iron；
The length of the helicitic texture of first control shaft 609 and the second control shaft 610 is 30-100mm.
The method that crack fabricated device using the present invention carries out crack making：The shape and method in crack are not limited to following
It is several, only it is citing：
Λ types crack：
It is formulated according to experiment and requires to be laid with simulation rock stratum aggregate, comforted material, pave and be compacted, be routed to and need prefabricated crack
When rock stratum, crack fabricated device is begun to use to make crack；
According to the requirement for the fracture density that experiment is formulated, the spacing of crack fabricated device middle slideway 607 is adjusted, rotation is passed through
The nut 611 of first control shaft 609 and the second control shaft 610, it is accurate to expand or reduce slideway 607 in the exposing of pedestal 602
Partial distance reaches experiment demand, and if the density in requirement of experiment crack is 20 groups/rice, then the spacing in every group of crack is
0.05m then needs to ensure that spacing of the same group of slideway 607 in 602 exposed portion of pedestal is 0.05m；
By crack fabricated device, the requirement for the fracture density formulated according to experiment is adjusted slideway 607 and is exposed in pedestal 602
Partial distance, be placed with simulation rock stratum top, slowly at the uniform velocity press squeeze grip 601, according to experiment formulate crack
The requirement of length, the distance pressed down are equal to the length in crack, and precision controlling is cut not within 10mm in whole process
It can allow crack fabricated device that lateral sliding occurs, then slowly discharge squeeze grip 601, withdraw crack blade 606；It will split
Gap fabricated device is picked up, and it is prefabricated to put down crack at the distance for moving a crack spacing along crack fabricated device length direction
Device, i.e. L, be placed with simulation rock stratum top, slowly at the uniform velocity press squeeze grip 601, according to experiment formulate crack it is long
The requirement of degree, the distance pressed down are equal to the length in crack, and precision equally control is cut within 10mm in whole process
It can not allow crack fabricated device that lateral sliding occurs, then slowly release, in this way, completing one, crack of Λ types model value
It is prefabricated, according to the area that experiment needs, the prefabricated amount in multiple model cracks is completed in the manner described above.
V-type crack：
It is formulated according to experiment and requires to be laid with simulation rock stratum aggregate, comforted material, pave and be compacted, be routed to and need prefabricated crack
When rock stratum, crack fabricated device is begun to use to make crack；
According to the requirement of crack length, crack fabricated device is debugged, presses squeeze grip 601 downwards, distance is wanted for crack
Length is sought, whether the crack blade 606 seen in the every cracks Liang Zu preparing department middle slideway 607 overlaps when coming out, when just overlapping
Reach requirement, the process of this debugging is mainly the nut 611 by rotating the first control shaft 609 and the second control shaft 610, essence
Distance of the true expansion or reduction slideway 607 in 602 exposed portion of pedestal achieves the goal；
By crack fabricated device be placed with simulation rock stratum top, slowly at the uniform velocity press squeeze grip 601, according to experiment
The requirement of the crack length of formulation, the distance pressed down are equal to the length in crack, and precision controlling is within 10mm, entirely
It can't allow crack fabricated device that lateral sliding occurs in the process, then slowly discharge squeeze grip 601, withdraw crack knife
Piece 606；In this way, completing the prefabricated of one, crack of Λ types model value, according to the area that experiment needs, complete in the manner described above more
The prefabricated amount in a model crack；
W types crack：
It is formulated according to experiment and requires to be laid with simulation rock stratum aggregate, comforted material, pave and be compacted, be routed to and need prefabricated crack
When rock stratum, crack fabricated device is begun to use to make crack；
According to the requirement of crack length, crack fabricated device is debugged, presses squeeze grip 601 downwards, distance is wanted for crack
Length is sought, whether the crack blade 606 seen in the every cracks Liang Zu preparing department middle slideway 607 overlaps when coming out, when just overlapping
Reach requirement, specific adjustment process is to rotate the nut 611 of the first control shaft 609 and the second control shaft 610, it is accurate expand or
Distance of person's reduction slideway 607 in 602 exposed portion of pedestal；
By crack fabricated device be placed with simulation rock stratum top, slowly at the uniform velocity press squeeze grip 601, according to experiment
The requirement of the crack length of formulation, the distance pressed down are equal to the length in crack, and precision controlling is within 10mm, entirely
It can't allow crack fabricated device that lateral sliding occurs in the process, then slowly discharge squeeze grip 601, withdraw crack knife
Piece 606；Crack fabricated device is picked up, puts down and splits at the distance for moving half of W type slotted opening along device length direction
Gap fabricated device；Slowly at the uniform velocity press squeeze grip 601, according to experiment formulate crack length requirement, press down
Distance is equal to the length in crack, and precision equally control can't allow crack fabricated device within 10mm in whole process
Lateral sliding occurs, then slowly release needs in this way, completing the prefabricated of one, crack of W types model value according to experiment
Area completes the prefabricated amount in multiple model cracks in the manner described above；
M types crack：
The prefabricated most important process of M type gaps is that the distance L of M type slotted openings is determined before experimentMWith the spacing L in crack,
According to the distance in every group of crack in the spacing in crack L, that is, crack fabricated device, specific adjustment process is by the first control of rotation
The nut 611 of 609 and second control shaft 610 of axis processed, rotation of the nut 611 on pedestal 602 can change every group of crack away from
From；
It is formulated according to experiment and requires to be laid with simulation rock stratum aggregate, comforted material, pave and be compacted, be routed to and need prefabricated crack
When rock stratum, crack fabricated device is begun to use to make crack；
By crack fabricated device be placed with simulation rock stratum top, slowly at the uniform velocity press squeeze grip 601, according to experiment
The requirement of the crack length of formulation, the distance pressed down are equal to the length in crack, and precision controlling is within 10mm, entirely
It can't allow crack fabricated device that lateral sliding occurs in the process, then slowly discharge squeeze grip 601, withdraw crack knife
Piece 606；Crack fabricated device is picked up, at the distance for moving half of M type slotted opening along device length direction, i.e. LM/
2, put down crack fabricated device；Slowly at the uniform velocity press squeeze grip 601, according to experiment formulate crack length requirement, it is past
The distance of lower pressing is equal to the length in crack, and precision equally control can't allow crack within 10mm in whole process
Lateral sliding occurs for fabricated device, then slowly discharges squeeze grip 601, withdraws crack blade 606；By the prefabricated dress in crack
It sets and picks up, (L-L is being continued to move to along the direction moved just nowM/ 2) distance puts down crack fabricated device；Slowly at the uniform velocity
Squeeze grip 601 is pressed, according to the requirement for the crack length that experiment is formulated, the distance pressed down is equal to the length in crack, essence
Then the same control of degree slowly discharges squeeze grip 601, withdraws crack blade 606 within 10mm；Crack is prefabricated
Device is picked up, and L is continued to move to moving along directionM/ 2 distance puts down crack fabricated device；Slowly at the uniform velocity press pressing
Handle 601, according to the requirement for the crack length that experiment is formulated, the distance pressed down is equal to the length in crack, and precision is equally controlled
System can't allow crack fabricated device that lateral sliding occurs within 10mm in whole process, then slowly release,
In this way, completing the prefabricated of one, crack of M types model value, according to the area that experiment needs, multiple models are completed in the manner described above
The prefabricated amount in crack.
The cracks wave line style WWWWWWW：
The prefabricated most important process of wave line style gap is the distance of determining W type slotted openings in the early stage, has been determined out
Mouthful distance, adjusts the distance between slideway 607 of each group of crack preparing department, and its spacing is made to be equal to half W type slotted opening
Distance；Meanwhile according to the requirement of crack length, the distance between each group of crack is adjusted, squeeze grip 601 is pressed downwards, away from
It requires whether length, the crack blade 606 seen in the every cracks Liang Zu preparing department middle slideway 607 overlap when coming out from for crack, adjusts
It is whole to overlap when reach second requirement；When the two requirements are all completed, fabricated device adjustment in crack finishes, specific to adjust
Process is the nut 611 by rotating the first control shaft 609 and the second control shaft 610, rotation of the nut 611 on pedestal 602
The distance in every group of crack can be changed；
It is formulated according to experiment and requires to be laid with simulation rock stratum aggregate, comforted material, pave and be compacted, be routed to and need prefabricated crack
When rock stratum, crack fabricated device is begun to use to make crack；
By crack fabricated device be placed with simulation rock stratum top, slowly at the uniform velocity press squeeze grip 601, according to experiment
The requirement of the crack length of formulation, the distance pressed down are equal to the length in crack, and precision controlling is within 10mm, entirely
It can't allow crack fabricated device that lateral sliding occurs in the process, then slowly discharge squeeze grip 601, withdraw crack knife
Piece 606；Crack fabricated device is picked up, puts down and splits at the distance for moving half of W type slotted opening along device length direction
Gap fabricated device；Slowly at the uniform velocity press squeeze grip 601, according to experiment formulate crack length requirement, press down
Distance is equal to the length in crack, and precision equally control can't allow crack fabricated device within 10mm in whole process
Lateral sliding occurs, then slowly release, in this way, the prefabricated of one, crack of wave line style model value is completed, according to experiment
The area needed completes the prefabricated amount in multiple model cracks in the manner described above.
Simulation frame 1 is rectangular parallelepiped structure, and bottom inside it is provided with infiltration water tank 901, and infiltration water tank 901 passes through water
It manages and is connected with the water tank outside simulation frame 1, pressure valve 902 is provided on water pipe；Infiltration water tank 901 is rectangle, by PVC material
It is made, multiple water seepage holes 903 is provided on the top plate of infiltration water tank 901, composite earth is internally provided in infiltration water tank 901
Work displacement hull.Composite earthwork displacement hull high pressure polyethylene extrusion process forms, and two sides has different rib and groove, to adapt to
It is aqueous and draining need, relatively other flexible plastic planks have good rigidity, to keep drainage cavity it is advantageous, material proportion compared with
Small, of low cost, due to being stereochemical structure, under voidage 80-95%, 250KPa pressure, compression ratio is less than 10%, no
There are problems that not water flowing, can be damaged by pressure by soil pressure without considering.
The length, width and height of simulation frame 1 are respectively 4000mm, 2500mm and 3000mm, and the length, width and height of infiltration water tank 901 are respectively
4000mm, 2500mm and 100mm, a diameter of 1mm of water seepage hole 903, the distance between two neighboring water seepage hole 903 are 50mm.
Embodiment described above is only that the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described, not to the model of the present invention
It encloses and is defined, under the premise of not departing from design spirit of the present invention, technical side of the those of ordinary skill in the art to the present invention
The various modifications and improvement that case is made should all be fallen into the protection domain of claims of the present invention determination.
Claims (10)
1. the device that mining area surface collapses can be simulated in a kind of coal mine teaching, it is characterised in that：Exist including simulation frame (1) and setting
Coal seam (2) therein and other multiple rock stratum are provided with water-bearing layer (3), in the water-bearing layer (3) above the coal seam (2)
In be provided with water-bearing layer simulation system, be provided with overlying strata Collapse monitor system on the simulation frame (1), the overlying strata collapse prison
Examining system includes ruler (402) and is arranged in the horizontal laser light instrument (401) simulated on frame, the horizontal laser light instrument (401)
It is arranged in the left side of the simulation frame (1), it is highly equal with the final laying tip height of aggregate.
2. the device that mining area surface collapses can be simulated in coal mine teaching according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described to contain
Water layer simulation system includes horizontally disposed 6 round water pipes (301) and 8 straight tubes (302), the round water pipe (301) by
The water pipe bending of strip is formed by connecting from beginning to end, is formed in the interior thereof circular space, what described 6 round water pipes (301) were formed
The circular space coaxial arrangement and diameter difference, one end of 8 straight tubes (302) is both connected to the axis of the circular space
In the heart, 8 straight tubes (302) are connected with 6 round water pipes (301) and by described circle water pipe (301) even partitions
For 8 parts, hole for water spraying, 8 straight tubes (302) and 6 round water pipes are both provided on each connected point
(301) inside is connected to.
3. the device that mining area surface collapses can be simulated in coal mine teaching according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Positioned at a left side
4 straight tubes (302) of right both sides are connected with intelligent pressure control water tank (303), the pressure control area of the intelligence pressure control water tank (303)
Between be 0-10MPa；It is closed state when the hole for water spraying is normal, forms a seam, water spray and the hydraulic pressure of the hole for water spraying have
It closes, correlation between the two is：Q=0.9P+1.25, P are pressure, and unit MPa, Q are flow, Unit/mL/s, as internal P
When more than 5MPa, water ejection is just had.
4. the device that mining area surface collapses can be simulated in coal mine teaching according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：It is described straight
The diameter of section for managing (302) is 25mm, and the water-bearing layer simulation system is made using high-strength plastic glue material；From the inside to the outside
The diameter of section of each round water pipe (301) is followed successively by 10mm, 12mm, 14mm, 16mm, 18mm and 20mm；The circle of formation
The diameter in shape space is followed successively by 150mm, 300mm, 500mm, 900mm, 1300mm and 1800mm.
5. the device that mining area surface collapses can be simulated in coal mine teaching according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Including certainly
The dynamic analog simulation device for smoothing pressurization aggregate comprising be arranged the supporting rod (502) above the simulation frame (1) and with
3 hydraulic props (503) of supporting rod (502) flexible connection, the hydraulic prop (503) can be along the supporting rod
(502) free to slide in the lateral direction, it is connected with flattening device (504) in the lower end of the Zhong Jian hydraulic prop (503),
The lower end of the hydraulic prop (503) of both sides is connected with squeeze board (505), and the flattening device (504) passes through rotary shaft
(506) it is fixed on the lower end of the hydraulic prop (503), the flattening device (504) includes swingle (516) and is fixed on it
Lower end smooths wheel (517), and the wheel (517) that smooths is made of the steel body of rod of multiple arcs, and the rotary shaft (506) includes
Sequentially connected first pillar card slot (507), electric rotating machine (508) and driven shaft (509) from top to bottom, the rotary shaft
(506) further include drive link (510), the upper end of the drive link (510) is arranged at the middle part of the electric rotating machine (508), under
Bottom of the end setting in the driven shaft (509)；
It is respectively set there are one fixed pillar (511) in the both sides of the simulation frame (1), is set on the fixed pillar (511)
It is equipped with lifting gear (512), the both ends of the supporting rod (502) are separately fixed on two lifting gears (512).
6. the device that mining area surface collapses can be simulated in coal mine teaching according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：
The first pillar card slot (507) is fixed on positioned at the lower end of the intermediate hydraulic prop (503), the driven shaft
(509) top of lower part and the swingle (516) is provided with mutually matched helicitic texture, the steel body of rod of the arc
Quantity be 4, the wheel (517) that smooths can be rotated both clockwise and counterclockwise；The squeeze board (505) is circle, in institute
The top for stating squeeze board (505) is provided with the second pillar card slot (513), is fixed on the hydraulic prop (503) positioned at both sides
Lower end；
The distance between the fixed pillar (511) and the simulation frame (1) are 2000mm, the first pillar card slot (507)
Internal diameter be 60mm, outer diameter 80mm, be highly 50mm, a diameter of 80mm of the electric rotating machine (508), is highly 50mm,
A diameter of 15mm of the drive link (510), length 150mm, a diameter of 50mm of the driven shaft (509) are highly
50mm；
The diameter of a circle for smoothing wheel (517) rotation formation is 1800mm, and the swingle (516) is hollow structure, length
For 400-600mm, internal diameter 50mm；The internal diameter of the second pillar card slot (513) be 60mm, the squeeze board (505) it is straight
Diameter and thickness are respectively 1700mm and 8mm, and material is iron；
The method for carrying out aggregate laying using the analog simulation device of automatic smoothing pressurization aggregate, includes the following steps：
Step 1: according to model needs and the likelihood ratio, each layer of simulated thickness for needing the aggregate being laid with is determined, and then determine institute
State the relationship between the height of lifting gear (512) and the hydraulic prop (503) length, smoothed described in guarantee wheel (517) with
It is the distance between at the top of the simulation frame (1)：Depth of stratum/k is simulated, k is compactness, is 94%；
Step 2: simulation depth of stratum according to demand, determines the aggregate amount of each layering, prepare according to 20% redundancy
Raw material；
Step 3: setting up model, the height of the hydraulic prop (503) of the fixed lifting gear (512) and centre ensures
It is described to smooth wheel (517) and simulation frame (1) the bottom plate distance is：Height/k of first simulation layering, pours into blender stirring
The aggregate of good the first simulation layering, startup smooth wheel (517), it are made to rotate clockwise, and in the simulation frame (1)
Move back and forth 1 bout, it is plain to ensure that aggregate is laid with substantially, wheel (517) is smoothed described in the rotation of another mistake hour hands, in the simulation frame
(1) move back and forth 1 bout in, ensure that extra aggregate is rejected to around the entire simulation frame (1), manual cleaning is once；
Step 4: rising the intermediate hydraulic prop (503), the hydraulic prop (503) of both sides moves on to the simulation frame
(1) it in, is compacted on the aggregate of the first simulation layering, compaction pressure 2000KN rises after having pressed, is moved along
800mm continues to be compacted, and until being pressed onto centre position for two, rises described in two hydraulic props (503) and removal
It simulates other than frame (1)；
Step 5: pouring into the aggregate of second layer simulation rock stratum, the process of deployment in step 3 and step 4 is repeated；
Step 6: after being laid with last layer, remove the squeeze board (505) on three hydraulic props (503) and institute
Flattening device (504) is stated, several iron blocks (514) are laid with above the simulation frame (1), re-lay one piece of iron plate above it
(515), length, the width and thickness of the iron plate (515) are respectively 5500mm, 1900mm and 10mm, three hydraulic pressure branch
Column (503) is uniformly pressed on the iron plate (515), and the pressure for realizing overlying rock is replaced.
7. the device that mining area surface collapses can be simulated in coal mine teaching according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described
3 fissure zones for including crack are provided with above coal seam (2), sequentially consist of the first fissure zone, the second fissure zone and
Third fissure zone, it is long to be followed successively by 4000 × 1300mm, 3000 × 900mm and 2000 × 600mm with wide；
The crack is made using crack fabricated device, and the crack fabricated device includes squeeze grip (601), pedestal
(602) and the elastic interlayer that is disposed there between, the squeeze grip (601) is cuboid, including four the first side walls and
Top plate, the pedestal (602) are cuboid, including four second sidewalls and bottom plate, the squeeze grip (601) and the pedestal
(602) it is connected by multiple Elastic plastic-rubbers (603) between, and is had between the squeeze grip (601) and the pedestal (602)
Certain interval forms the elastic interlayer；The crack fabricated device includes multiple crack preparing department, the crack preparing department
Including fixing axle (604), boosting blade (605), crack blade (606) and slideway (607)；
The fixing axle (604) is located at the inside of the squeeze grip (601), and both ends are separately fixed at positioned at front side and rear side
On the first side wall, the slideway (607) is the hollow structure of strip, and upper end is fixed on by slideway rotary shaft (608)
In the pedestal (602), the slideway (607) is two, is separately positioned on the left and right sides of the fixing axle (604), described
Boosting blade (605) is two, and upper end is connected in the fixing axle (604), and the lower end of each boosting blade (605) is equal
There are one crack blade (606), the crack blades (606) to be applied in the slideway (607) for connection；
The crack fabricated device includes the first control shaft (609) and the second control shaft (610), first control shaft (609)
It is connected with the lower end of the slideway (607) positioned at left side of all crack preparing department, is provided on the left of the pedestal (602)
The left end of first through hole, first control shaft (609) is helicitic texture, is pierced by from the first through hole, described first
The left end of control shaft (609) is provided with nut (611), and second control shaft (610) is located at all crack preparing department
The lower end of the slideway (607) on right side is connected, and the second through-hole, second control shaft are provided on the right side of the pedestal (602)
(610) right end is helicitic texture, is pierced by from second through-hole, is provided in the right end of second control shaft (610)
Nut (611)；It is logical that multiple strips passed through for the crack blade (606) are provided on the bottom plate of the pedestal (602)
Hole.
8. the device that mining area surface collapses can be simulated in coal mine teaching according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：
The top plate a length of 800mm, width 200mm, thickness 45mm of the squeeze grip (601), the height of the first side wall
Degree is 55mm, and material is plastics；A length of 800mm of the bottom plate of the pedestal (602), width 200mm, thickness 200mm, institute
The height for stating second sidewall is 15mm；The height of the Elastic plastic-rubber (603) is 200mm, anterior-posterior length 200mm, and left and right is wide
For 20mm, compression zone is less than 100mm under 10kg pressure；
Upper and lower a length of 140mm of the boosting blade (605), thickness 3mm, front and back width are 200mm, the crack blade (606)
Upper and lower a length of 300mm, thickness 1.5mm, front and back width be 200mm；A length of 150mm of the slideway (607), wall thickness 2mm, it is preceding
Width is 200mm afterwards, and hollow thickness is 3.5mm；The boosting blade (605), the crack blade (606) and the slideway
(607) material is iron；
The length of the helicitic texture of first control shaft (609) and second control shaft (610) is 30-100mm.
9. the device that mining area surface collapses can be simulated in coal mine teaching according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：The mould
Quasi- frame (1) is rectangular parallelepiped structure, and bottom inside it is provided with infiltration water tank (901), and the infiltration water tank (901) passes through water
It manages the water tank external with the simulation frame (1) to be connected, pressure valve (902) is provided on the water pipe；The infiltration water tank
(901) it is rectangle, is made of PVC material, multiple water seepage holes (903) is provided on the top plate of the infiltration water tank (901),
The infiltration water tank (901) is internally provided with composite earthwork displacement hull.
10. the device that mining area surface collapses can be simulated in coal mine teaching according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：It is described
The length, width and height of simulation frame (1) are respectively 4000mm, 2500mm and 3000mm, and the length, width and height of the infiltration water tank (901) are respectively
4000mm, 2500mm and 100mm, a diameter of 1mm of the water seepage hole (903), between the two neighboring water seepage hole (903)
Distance is 50mm；The composite earthwork displacement hull is formed by high pressure polyethylene extrusion process, and two sides has different rib and ditch
Slot, under voidage 80-95%, 250KPa pressure, compression ratio is less than 10%.
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