CN109537582B - Construction method for CFG pile front cut pile head and earth mould pouring pile cap - Google Patents
Construction method for CFG pile front cut pile head and earth mould pouring pile cap Download PDFInfo
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- CN109537582B CN109537582B CN201811398078.8A CN201811398078A CN109537582B CN 109537582 B CN109537582 B CN 109537582B CN 201811398078 A CN201811398078 A CN 201811398078A CN 109537582 B CN109537582 B CN 109537582B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
- E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
- E02D15/04—Placing concrete in mould-pipes, pile tubes, bore-holes or narrow shafts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of CFG pile foundation treatment construction, and particularly relates to a construction method for a CFG pile front cut pile head and an earth mould pouring pile cap. S100, determining the elevation of the top surface of a pile cap of the CFG pile, removing surface soil above the pile cap, and leveling, compacting and detecting an operation surface; s200, drilling a hole by using a long screw drill to form a pile; s300, cleaning drilling slag and super-poured concrete by using a small excavator after concrete pouring is finished; s400, after vibrating, measuring the elevation of the concrete surface, excavating the concrete higher than the pile top, manufacturing a manual handheld surface collecting device, troweling and press-polishing the pile top concrete surface by the manual handheld surface collecting device, covering and maintaining by using a plastic film, and performing the next procedure after the pile foundation is qualified; s500, after the pile foundation is detected to be qualified, excavating soil around the top surface of the pile by using a pile cap former to form a soil model with the contour consistent with the contour of the pile cap; s600, installing a pile cap shaping device on the top of the soil model, and pouring concrete into the soil model to form a pile cap.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of CFG pile foundation treatment construction, and particularly relates to a construction method for a CFG pile front cut pile head and an earth mould pouring pile cap.
Background
With the high-speed development of railway construction technology, more and more soft foundation treatment methods, such as CFG piles, screw piles and the like, have a better foundation treatment effect, but the current CFG pile foundation construction process still has more defects, specifically: the method is that pile head concrete is over-poured during CFG pile foundation construction, after the concrete strength meets design requirements, a small excavator is adopted to remove drilling slag and soil between piles, and then a cutting machine is adopted to cut off the over-poured pile head. In the process, the compaction, touch and cutting operation of the small excavator can cause the shallow layer fracture of part of the pile foundation, and the difficulty of pile foundation quality control is higher. And the pile cap needs to be bound with reinforcing steel bars, cast by adopting a steel mould and then backfilled and tamped with soil between piles, so that the process is complex, the construction efficiency is low and the construction cost is high. Although the 'front cut method' and the 'soil mould method' are tried to be applied to the construction and development of the screw pile in part of projects, the defects of the process quality control and the application of matched tools still exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems, and particularly relates to a construction method of a CFG pile front-cutting pile head and an earth mould pouring pile cap.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: a construction method for a CFG pile front cutting pile head and an earth mould pouring pile cap comprises the following steps,
s100, determining the elevation of the top surface of a pile cap of the CFG pile, removing surface soil above the pile cap, and leveling, compacting and detecting an operation surface;
s200, drilling by using a long screw drill to form a pile, wherein the concrete pouring height exceeds the pile top elevation by 30 cm;
s300, after the concrete is poured, cleaning the drilling slag and the super-poured concrete by using a small excavator, and vibrating and compacting the concrete within 1.5m below the concrete surface by using a vibrating rod;
s400, after vibrating, measuring the elevation of the concrete surface, excavating the concrete higher than the pile top, manufacturing a manual handheld surface collecting device, troweling and press-polishing the pile top concrete surface by the manual handheld surface collecting device, covering and maintaining by using a plastic film, and performing the next procedure after the pile foundation is qualified;
s500, after the pile foundation is detected to be qualified, excavating soil around the top surface of the pile by using a pile cap former to form a soil model with the contour consistent with the contour of the pile cap;
s600, installing a pile cap shaping device on the top of the soil model, and then pouring concrete into the soil model to form a pile cap.
In the step S200, the long screw drill is leveled and rolled before entering the field, and the ground elevation is the same as the top elevation of the pile cap.
In the steps S200 and S300, the drilling slag excavation and the concrete vibration are completed within 30 minutes after the concrete pouring is completed, and the super-poured concrete is removed after the concrete surface is vibrated to be not sunk any more.
The manual handheld noodle collecting device comprises a circular steel plate with the thickness of 3mm and a handle arranged on the circular steel plate.
The pile cap former comprises a rotary drum, rotary blades and a hydraulic transmission device, the rotary blades are soil digging equipment, the power part is the hydraulic transmission device, the rotary blades are arranged on the outer edge of the rotary drum, the inner diameter of the rotary drum is larger than the outer diameter of a CFG (cement fly-ash gravel) pile so as to protect the top surface of the pile in the rotary digging process, and the size of a dug soil model is the same as the size of the outline of a designed pile cap.
In the step S500, the soil model is inspected through a shaping detection tool, the upper part of the shaping detection tool is cylindrical, the lower part of the shaping detection tool is in an inverted frustum shape, the upper part of the shaping detection tool is cylindrical, the height of the upper part of the shaping detection tool is 0.25m, and the diameter of a circle is 1.2 m; the diameter of the bottom circle of the lower inverted circular truncated cone is 0.8m, the diameter of the top circle is 1.2m, and the height of the inverted circular truncated cone is 0.3 m.
In step S600, pile cap setting device includes 2 hoops of preparation with the reinforcing bar, 2 hoops are upper lane hoop and lower lane hoop respectively, upper lane hoop and lower lane hoop arrange side by side, adopt the steel sheet to become circular template in 2 hoops of circle, and arrange 4 horizontal landing legs at the equidistance on the hoop of upper lane, weld 2 reinforcing bar handles on the hoop of upper lane, after the soil model inspection is qualified, install pile cap setting device at the soil model top, the center is with pile top center centering, then pour pile cap concrete, the vibrating rod vibrates, manual work is received and is leveled the floating face, carry out the floating face press polish once more after the concrete initial set, cover geotechnological cloth watering maintenance, form the pile cap after reaching intensity.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) in the quality aspect:
1) improving the compactness of the pile head: the invention can tamp the pile head within 1.5m after the pile is formed, and the pile head is compact and better.
2) Improving the flatness of the pile head: the size of the face collecting device is consistent with the pile foundation, the flatness can be ensured during face collection, and the efficiency is high.
3) Reducing the disturbance of soil between piles: during the construction of the conventional process, all the soil between piles needs to be excavated, and the disturbance to a pile body is large; the invention does not need to excavate any soil between piles, and only the soil body is loosened in a very small range of the top elevation of the pile cap.
4) Reducing the shallow pile breaking rate: the invention reduces the subsequent sequence conversion link through the advanced interception processing of the pile head, thereby reducing the interference on pile forming and effectively reducing the shallow layer pile breaking rate.
5) The accuracy of the size of the top surface of the pile cap is improved: the pile cap former is easy to cause soil around the top of the pile cap to loosen and collapse in the rotating process, so that the size of the top surface of the pile cap is irregular. The invention overcomes the irregular soil mould top surface by the leg-equipped pile cap shaping device, so that the size of the pile cap top surface is accurate.
6) Ensuring that the size of the pile cap is controllable: because the bottom of the pile cap is in the shape of an inverted truncated cone, and the middle of the pile cap is provided with the protruded CFG pile head, the size of the excavated soil model is difficult to check.
7) Increasing the foundation compositeness: the invention is applied to compact the ground surface and compact the soil around the pile cap, so that the pile cap and the soil between the piles are better combined, and the treatment effect of the composite foundation with integrally stressed pile soil is improved.
(2) In the aspect of efficacy:
1) the process links are reduced: the invention reduces the post-pile processes of excavation of soil between piles, pile head cutting, manufacturing and installing of pile cap reinforcing steel bars, installation and disassembly of the template, backfill of soil between piles and the like.
2) Reducing the sequence conversion period: the invention reduces the sequence conversion period, and the pile top treatment is completed along with the pile foundation construction, thereby realizing zero-time sequence conversion.
3) Shortening the single-sequence time: the invention shortens the operation time of the main working procedures such as pile top treatment, pile cap construction and the like.
4) The applicability of the pile cap former is improved: the stirring rod device in the invention can make the pile cap former overcome the problem that the viscous hard soil is easy to be squeezed into the rotary drum, so that the former can be applied to special geological conditions.
(3) In the aspect of cost:
through process improvement and tool innovation, the construction efficiency is improved, the treatment cost of shallow broken piles is reduced, the investment is reduced for construction units by reducing the cost of molds and the like, and the construction cost is reduced by canceling the use of reinforcing steel bars and backfilling soil among piles.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a construction method of a front cutting pile head of a CFG pile according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a view of a hand-held noodle folding device according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a construction method for pouring a pile cap by using a CFG pile-soil mold according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a CFG pile cap suitable for use with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a sizing detection tool provided in the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of the present invention applied to a pile cap former;
FIG. 7 is an agitation apparatus provided in the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a pile cap setting device provided in the present invention;
wherein: 1-drilling slag; 2-concrete; 3-super-pouring concrete; 4-pile top surface; 5-pile cap; 6-a soil model; 7-a sizing detection device; 8-CFG pile body; 9-working surface; 10-pile cap former; 11-a rotating drum; 12-rotating blades; 13-a hydraulic transmission; 14-attachment to an excavator; 17-a stirring rod; 20-1-upper track hoop, 20-2-lower track hoop and 21-circular template; 22-steel bar handle; 23-support leg.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
A large number of CFG pile foundations are used for processing soft soil roadbeds in the construction of railway connecting line projects from the rising sun to the Qin Shen high-speed railway Ling Hainan station, pile breaking rate of a shallow layer of the pile foundations due to equipment disturbance in construction is high, processing cost is high, procedures of cutting pile heads, installing pile cap reinforcing steel bars and templates, manually backfilling AB group soil among piles and the like are complex, construction efficiency is low, cost is high, and therefore 5000 CFG piles constructed in 3 sections of civil engineering adopt the method provided by the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5, fig. 6, fig. 7 and fig. 8, the construction steps of the embodiment are as follows:
(1) and measuring lofting to determine the top surface elevation of the pile cap 5 of each section of the CFG pile. And (3) clearing the surface soil above the pile cap 5, reserving compaction amount according to the soil quality condition on site, and then leveling, compacting and detecting the working surface 9.
(2) And (4) discharging the central position of the CFG pile 8, drilling a hole by using a long screw drill, pouring pile foundation concrete, and enabling the top surface of the super-poured concrete 3 to exceed the pile top by about 4 cm in elevation. The elevation of the pile top 4 is calculated by the fact that the pile top 4 extends into the pile cap 5 by 10cm and the top surface of the pile cap 5 is consistent with the working surface 9.
(3) And after the concrete is poured, cleaning the drilling slag 1 and the super-poured concrete 3 by using a small excavator. The concrete within the range of 1.5m of the pile top is vibrated for 2 minutes and 3 times by using a vibrating rod, the vibrating rod is inserted quickly and pulled out slowly, the vibrating duration time of each vibrating point is that the concrete does not sink any more, the surface is slurried, and no air bubble emerges until the vibrating rod prevents over-vibration and leakage vibration.
(4) After the vibration is finished, measuring the elevation of the concrete surface by using a level gauge, excavating the concrete higher than the pile top, manually troweling the pile top surface 4 for 2 times, covering the pile top surface 4 with a plastic film, and maintaining moisture. Design the handheld receipts face device of circular shape manual work of making 1cm less than pile foundation diameter according to pile foundation diameter, the circular steel sheet preparation that adopts 3mm thick is dull and stereotyped, adopts 14 mm's of diameter reinforcing bar preparation handle, and the operation of being convenient for improves the receipts light pressure face effect and the quality of pile top surface 4.
(5) And after the pile foundation is detected to be qualified, excavating soil around the pile top surface 4 by using a pile cap former 10 to form a soil model 6 with the outline consistent with that of the pile cap 5.
(6) Resetting the CFG pile 8 through measurement lofting, and determining the excavation position of the pile cap 5; the center of a rotary drum 11 of the pile cap former 10 is coincided with the center of a pile top surface 4, a hydraulic transmission device is started to drive the rotary drum 11 and blades 12 to carry out precession excavation, the effective heights of the blades are consistent with the height of the pile cap, and when the top surfaces of the blades are level with the ground, drilling is stopped. And then manually cleaning the deficient soil, and trimming according to the design size of the pile cap to form a pile cap soil model 6. Aiming at the problem that the drilling is influenced by the fact that the rotary drum is fully squeezed by hard clay in the construction process, the stirring rod 17 is designed and manufactured according to the characteristics of the rotary drum, is made of I-shaped steel and is 2.5m long, and is installed on a chassis of the excavator, the center of the rotary drum 11 fully squeezed with soil is aligned to the stirring rod 17 to rotate, and the squeezed dense soil is stirred to be loosened and fall off.
And (4) inspecting the size of the excavated soil model 6 by using a customized shaping detection device 7. The size of the shaping detection device 7 is consistent with the outline size of the pile cap, the shaping detection device is made of reinforcing steel bars with the diameter of 14mm, the upper part of the shaping detection device is cylindrical, the lower part of the shaping detection device is in an inverted frustum shape, the cylindrical height of the upper part of the shaping detection device is 0.25m, and the diameter of a circle is 1.2 m; the diameter of the bottom circle of the lower inverted circular truncated cone is 0.8m, the diameter of the top circle is 1.2m, and the height of the inverted circular truncated cone is 0.3 m.
The pile cap shaping device is characterized in that 2 hoops with the inner diameters being 1206mm are made of steel bars with the diameters being 14mm and are arranged side by side, steel plates with the thicknesses being 3mm and the widths being 3cm are adopted to be rolled into a circular template 21 with the inner diameter being 1200mm in 2 hoops, 4 transverse supporting legs 23 are arranged on the upper hoop 20-1 at equal intervals, the length of each supporting leg is 20cm, the steel bars with the diameters being 14mm are made, and 2 steel bar handles 22 with the diameters being 14mm are welded on the upper hoop 20-1 for convenience of operation. After the soil model 6 is qualified, the pile cap shaping device is installed at the top of the soil model, the center of the pile cap shaping device is centered with the center of the pile top surface 4, then the concrete of the pile cap 5 is poured, the vibrating rod vibrates, the floating surface is flattened manually, the floating surface is polished again after the concrete is initially set, the geotextile is covered, the water is sprayed, the maintenance is carried out, and the pile cap 5 is formed after the strength is reached. The working surface 9 is cleaned and tamped once by a small-sized tamping machine.
This embodiment has not only reduced the shallow layer broken pile rate, has improved pile foundation quality and foundation treatment effect, has still saved the engineering volume greatly, and artifical input reduces moreover, the process is simplified, the efficiency of construction improves, compares conventional method (back cut method and mould pile cap method), practices thrift construction cost about 41.08 ten thousand yuan, and shortens construction period 18 days, and the cost analysis is as follows:
(1) the conventional construction process comprises the following steps: carrying out high-speed labor on each pile cap concrete by 0.39m, 1950m in total, carrying out high-speed labor on the pile head and pouring mixture by 0.038m, carrying out high-speed labor on the pile cap and pouring mixture by 250m in total, carrying out high-speed labor on the concrete material by 300 Yuan/m, carrying out high-speed labor on the reinforcing steel bars by 126t in total, carrying out raw reinforcing steel bar and manufacturing and installing by 4800 Yuan/t, carrying out soil excavation between piles by 10 Yuan/each, carrying out pile head circular cutting by 10 Yuan/each, carrying out pile cap template assembling and disassembling and concrete pouring by 30 Yuan/each, and carrying out high-speed labor on. The total cost is 1950m, × 300/m, x 190m, high flowering by 300/m, +126t × 4800/t +10 x 5000 x 10 x 5000 x 30 x 5000 x 420 x 100 x 153.88 ten thousand years, averagely 307.76 for each pile cap.
(2) Front cutting method: carrying out 0.52m high-speed plantation on each pile cap concrete, carrying out 2600m high-speed plantation in total, carrying out no reinforcing steel bars, carrying out construction by adopting special equipment, wherein the equipment cost is 75000 yuan per month, carrying out work following by adopting a small excavator, carrying out monthly rental cost of 18000 yuan per month, cleaning 20 yuan per pile mould, carrying out 100 yuan per pile top mould, carrying out 120 piles and carrying out concrete pouring 10 yuan per pile top mould. The total cost is 2600m for heavy x 300/m for + 75000/month x 2/month + 18000/month x 2/month + 20/5000 + 100/x 120 + 10/x 5000 =112.8 ten thousand yuan, and on average 225.6 yuan per pile cap.
And (5) cost comparison conclusion: by adopting a front cutting method, the rear section is 41.08 ten thousand yuan, and the average saving of each pile cap is 82.2 yuan.
Claims (2)
1. A construction method for a CFG pile front cut pile head and an earth mould pouring pile cap is characterized in that: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
s100, determining the elevation of the top surface of a CFG pile cap (5), removing surface soil above the pile cap, and leveling, compacting and detecting an operation surface (9);
s200, drilling by using a long screw drill to form a pile, wherein the pouring height of the concrete (2) exceeds the elevation of the pile top by 30 cm;
s300, cleaning the drilling slag and the super-poured concrete after the concrete pouring is finished, and vibrating and compacting the concrete within 1.5m below the concrete surface by using a vibrating rod; in the steps S200 and S300, the excavation of the drilling slag (1) and the vibration of the concrete (2) are completed within 30 minutes after the concrete pouring is completed, and the super-poured concrete (3) is removed after the vibration is carried out to ensure that the concrete surface does not sink any more;
s400, after vibrating, measuring the elevation of the concrete surface, excavating the concrete higher than the pile top, manufacturing a manual handheld surface collecting device, troweling and press-polishing the pile top concrete surface by the manual handheld surface collecting device, covering and maintaining by using a plastic film, and performing the next procedure after the pile foundation is qualified; the manual handheld noodle folding device comprises a circular steel plate with the thickness of 3mm and a handle arranged on the circular steel plate;
s500, after the pile foundation is detected to be qualified, excavating soil around the pile top surface (4) by using a pile cap former (10) to form a soil model (6) with the outline consistent with that of the pile cap (5); the soil model (6) is inspected through a shaping detection tool (7), the upper part of the shaping detection tool (7) is cylindrical, the lower part of the shaping detection tool is in an inverted frustum shape, the cylindrical height of the upper part is 0.25m, and the diameter of a circle is 1.2 m; the diameter of the bottom surface circle of the lower inverted circular truncated cone is 0.8m, the diameter of the top surface circle is 1.2m, and the height of the inverted circular truncated cone is 0.3 m; the pile cap former (10) comprises a rotary drum (11), rotary blades (12) and a hydraulic transmission device (13), wherein the rotary blades (12) are used for excavating soil, the power part is the hydraulic transmission device (13), the rotary blades (12) are arranged on the outer edge of the rotary drum (11), the inner diameter of the rotary drum (11) is larger than the outer diameter of a CFG pile (8) so as to protect the top surface (4) of the pile in the rotary excavating process, and the size of an excavated soil model (6) is the same as the size of the designed outline of the pile cap (5);
s600, installing a pile cap shaping device on the top of the soil model (6), and pouring concrete into the soil model to form a pile cap (5); the pile cap shaping device comprises 2 hoops made of steel bars, wherein the 2 hoops are an upper hoop (20-1) and a lower hoop (20-2), the upper hoop (20-1) and the lower hoop (20-2) are arranged side by side, a steel plate is adopted to be rolled into a circular template (21) in the 2 hoops, and 4 transverse supporting legs (23) are arranged on the upper hoop (20-1) at equal intervals, 2 steel bar handles (22) are welded on the upper hoop (20-1), after the soil model (6) is qualified, the pile cap shaping device is arranged on the top of the soil model, the center of the pile cap shaping device is aligned with the center of the pile top surface (4), then pouring pile cap (5) concrete, vibrating by a vibrating rod, manually flattening the floating surface, performing floating surface press polishing again after the concrete is initially set, covering geotextile, watering and curing, and forming the pile cap (5) after the strength is reached.
2. The construction method of the CFG pile front cutting pile head and the earth mould casting pile cap according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S200, the field is leveled and rolled before the long screw drill enters the field, and the ground elevation is the same as the top surface elevation of the pile cap (5).
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Families Citing this family (3)
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| CN109989395B (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2024-02-06 | 中海石油气电集团有限责任公司 | Large storage tank filling pile assembled pile cap and construction method thereof |
| CN114351711A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2022-04-15 | 唐山际宇岩土工程有限公司 | Rotary cutting method for pile head of foundation pile in CFG pile composite foundation |
| CN114635413A (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-06-17 | 中铁二十局集团第二工程有限公司 | Pile construction method |
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| KR100791263B1 (en) * | 2006-10-13 | 2008-01-04 | 김정빈 | Bolt type pile cap and the manufacture method of this |
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| KR100791263B1 (en) * | 2006-10-13 | 2008-01-04 | 김정빈 | Bolt type pile cap and the manufacture method of this |
| CN106120785A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2016-11-16 | 铁道第三勘察设计院集团有限公司 | A kind of pile cover former and Stake head handling and pile cover construction method |
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