CN108612579B - 降噪型尾气净化装置 - Google Patents

降噪型尾气净化装置 Download PDF

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CN108612579B
CN108612579B CN201810283996.XA CN201810283996A CN108612579B CN 108612579 B CN108612579 B CN 108612579B CN 201810283996 A CN201810283996 A CN 201810283996A CN 108612579 B CN108612579 B CN 108612579B
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purification device
noise reduction
wall
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CN108612579A (zh
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王志华
董理
戴晓彬
韩通
陈天佑
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
    • F01N2570/14—Nitrogen oxides

Abstract

本发明公开了一种降噪型尾气净化装置，该装置包括与发动机排气口连接的进气管和用于排出净化气体的出气管，进气管与出气管之间依次设置有一级净化装置和二级净化装置，一级净化装置与二级净化装置之间通过连接管连通；一级净化装置包括具有圆筒状内腔的卧式壳体，卧式壳体的一端与进气管固定连接，另一端与连接管固定连接；卧式壳体的内腔沿其轴向交替布置有若干个可拆卸的活性炭卡盘和纳米泡卡盘。本发明在进气管和出气管之间设计有一级净化装置和二级净化装置，通过一级净化装置先对尾气进行第一次过滤，再通过二级净化装置对尾气进行第二次过滤和降噪，不仅提高了对尾气的净化能力和净化效果，而且可以消音降噪。

Description

降噪型尾气净化装置
技术领域
本发明涉及尾气净化装置，具体地指一种降噪型尾气净化装置。
背景技术
汽车是已经广泛使用的交通工具，尾气中含有一氧化碳、氮氧化物、碳氢化合物、二氧化硫、碳烟等醛类，这些物质对人体的危害不言而喻，因此需要对尾气进行处理。
传统的尾气装置一般设置在汽车内部，净化能力差，保养维护不方便，使用起来麻烦且寿命短。此外，排气管是汽车的重要组成部分，现有的汽车在行驶过程中，排气管会产生较大的噪音，这样造成行车的舒适性较低和产生噪音污染。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是要提供一种降噪型尾气净化装置，该装置不仅可以对尾气进行净化，而且可以消音降噪。
为实现上述目的，本发明所设计的降噪型尾气净化装置，包括与发动机排气口连接的进气管和用于排出净化气体的出气管，其特殊之处在于：所述进气管与出气管之间依次设置有一级净化装置和二级净化装置，所述一级净化装置与二级净化装置之间通过连接管连通；
所述一级净化装置包括具有圆筒状内腔的卧式壳体，所述卧式壳体的一端与进气管固定连接，另一端与连接管固定连接；所述卧式壳体的内腔沿其轴向交替布置有若干个可拆卸的活性炭卡盘和纳米泡卡盘；
所述二级净化装置包括第一降噪筒和同轴穿设在第一降噪筒内腔的第二降噪筒，所述第二降噪筒的内腔依次设置有加热器、催化器、冷凝器、以及冷凝液收集器；
所述加热器的开口端与连接管固定连接，所述催化器的内壁与加热器的外壁贴合布置，所述催化器的外壁与第二降噪筒的内壁贴合布置；所述冷凝器的外壁与第二降噪筒的内壁之间套装有可拆卸的活性炭吸附筒，所述冷凝器的内壁与冷凝液收集器的外壁贴合布置，所述冷凝液收集器的内壁与出气管固定连接。这样，通过一级净化装置先对尾气进行第一次过滤，再通过二级净化装置对尾气进行第二次过滤和降噪，不仅提高了对尾气的净化能力和净化效果，而且可以消音降噪。
进一步地，所述卧式壳体由第一半圆筒壳体和第二半圆筒壳体拼装组成，所述第一半圆筒壳体和第二半圆筒壳体相对布置的直边上设置有相互贴合的翻边板。这样，可以方便第一半圆筒壳体和第二半圆筒壳体的拆卸，方便安装活性炭卡盘和纳米泡卡盘。
进一步地，所述活性炭卡盘为第一半环形活性炭卡盘和第二半环形活性炭卡盘拼装而成的圆环形结构；所述活性炭卡盘内填充有活性炭颗粒。这样，方便对活性炭卡盘进行替换、安装。
进一步地，所述纳米泡卡盘为第一半环形纳米泡卡盘和第二半环形纳米泡卡盘拼装而成的圆环形结构；所述纳米泡卡盘内填充有氢氧化钠溶液的纳米泡，所述氢氧化钠溶液的质量浓度为3％～45％。这样，方便对纳米泡卡盘进行替换、安装。
进一步地，所述加热器上设置有用于供空气进入其内腔的单向进气阀。这样，可以通过从单向进气阀进入的空气对加热进行助燃，以及向氧化还原反应提供必要的氧气。
进一步地，所述加热器上还设置有用于控制加热器开启或者关闭的第一电控开关。这样，可以根据需要情况，通过第一电控开关开启或者关闭加热器。
进一步地，所述催化器为陶瓷制成的多孔状结构，所述催化器内腔填充有三效催化剂，所述催化器的内壁涂覆有活化涂层，所述活化涂层的配方由碱金属氧化物、碱土金属氧化物和过渡金属氧化物按照质量比为1:1～20:1～20混合制备而成。这样，可以通过装有三效催化剂用以催化加热处理的混合尾气中的有害气体和氧气产生氧化还原反应，降低尾气中的有害气体，安全环保。
进一步地，所述冷凝器为碳钢或低合金钢制成的网状结构，所述冷凝器上还设置有用于控制冷凝器开启或者关闭的第二电控开关。这样，可以根据需要情况，通过第二电控开关开启或者关闭冷凝器。
再进一步地，所述第一降噪筒为由玻璃纤维隔音棉制备而成的筒状结构，所述第二降噪筒为由聚酯纤维消音棉制备而成的筒状结构。这样，通过两个降噪筒，可以提高降噪的效果。
更进一步地，所述卧式壳体的内壁涂覆有隔热层，所述卧式壳体的一端通过密封胶与进气管密封连接，所述卧式壳体的另一端通过密封胶与连接管密封连接。这样，可以保证整个装置的密封性，避免发生气体泄漏。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点在于：
其一，本发明在进气管和出气管之间设计有一级净化装置和二级净化装置，通过一级净化装置先对尾气进行第一次过滤，再通过二级净化装置对尾气进行第二次过滤和降噪，不仅提高了对尾气的净化能力和净化效果，而且可以消音降噪。
其二，本发明的一级净化装置包括活性炭卡盘和纳米泡卡盘，活性炭卡盘内填满活性炭，纳米泡卡盘内填满装有氢氧化钠液体的纳米泡，通过设有的活性炭，能对尾气中得到的颗粒物进行吸附，环保节能；通过设有氢氧化钠液体的纳米泡，能够对尾气中的氮氧化物进行化学反应处理，环保无污染。
其三，本发明的二级净化装置设计有第一降噪筒、第二降噪筒，第一降噪筒为由玻璃纤维隔音棉制备而成的筒状结构，所述第二降噪筒为由聚酯纤维消音棉制备而成的筒状结构，可以通过第一降噪筒和第二降噪筒起到降噪的作用，降低高速尾气的噪音。
其四，本发明的二级净化装置还设计有加热器、催化器、活性炭吸附筒、冷凝器以及冷凝液收集器，尾气通过加热器加热后，可以在催化器内装有三效催化剂用以催化加热处理的混合尾气中的有害气体和氧气产生氧化还原反应，同时用活性炭吸附筒吸附净化氧化还原后的尾气，再经过冷却器对产生的氧化还原反应的高温尾气进行降温处理，并对其中部分气态成分冷凝，冷凝后的产物会聚集在冷凝收集器内，冷凝后的产物会聚集在冷凝收集器排出，剩余废弃则沿出气管排出，进一步提高了尾气的净化效果。
附图说明
图1为一种降噪型尾气净化装置的立体结构示意图；
图2为图1所示降噪型尾气净化装置的剖视结构示意图；
图3为图1中活性炭卡盘的侧视结构示意图；
图中，进气管1、出气管2、一级净化装置3(卧式壳体3.1、第一半圆筒壳体3.11、第二半圆筒壳体3.12、翻边板3.13、活性炭卡盘3.2、第一半环形活性炭卡盘3.21、第二半环形活性炭卡盘3.22、纳米泡卡盘3.3、第一半环形纳米泡卡盘3.31、第二半环形纳米泡卡盘3.32)、二级净化装置4(第一降噪筒4.1、第二降噪筒4.2、加热器4.3、单向进气阀4.31、第一电控开关4.32、催化器4.4、冷凝器4.5、第二电控开关4.51、冷凝液收集器4.6、活性炭吸附筒4.7)、连接管5。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步的详细描述：
图中所示的降噪型尾气净化装置，包括与发动机排气口连接的进气管1和用于排出净化气体的出气管2，进气管1与出气管2之间依次设置有一级净化装置3和二级净化装置4，一级净化装置3与二级净化装置4之间通过连接管5连通。一级净化装置3包括具有圆筒状内腔的卧式壳体3.1，卧式壳体3.1的一端与进气管1固定连接，另一端与连接管5固定连接；卧式壳体3.1的内腔沿其轴向交替布置有若干个可拆卸的活性炭卡盘3.2和纳米泡卡盘3.3；卧式壳体3.1的内壁涂覆有隔热层，卧式壳体3.1的一端通过密封胶与进气管1密封连接，卧式壳体3.1的另一端通过密封胶与连接管5密封连接。
上述技术方案中，卧式壳体3.1由第一半圆筒壳体3.11和第二半圆筒壳体3.12拼装组成，第一半圆筒壳体3.11和第二半圆筒壳体3.12相对布置的直边上设置有相互贴合的翻边板3.13。活性炭卡盘3.2为第一半环形活性炭卡盘3.21和第二半环形活性炭卡盘3.22拼装而成的圆环形结构；活性炭卡盘3.2内填充有活性炭颗粒。纳米泡卡盘3.3为第一半环形纳米泡卡盘3.31和第二半环形纳米泡卡盘3.32拼装而成的圆环形结构；纳米泡卡盘3.3内填充有氢氧化钠溶液的纳米泡，氢氧化钠溶液的质量浓度为3％～45％。
上述技术方案中，二级净化装置4包括第一降噪筒4.1和同轴穿设在第一降噪筒4.1内腔的第二降噪筒4.2，第一降噪筒4.1为由玻璃纤维隔音棉制备而成的筒状结构，第二降噪筒4.2为由聚酯纤维消音棉制备而成的筒状结构。第二降噪筒4.2的内腔依次设置有加热器4.3、催化器4.4、冷凝器4.5、以及冷凝液收集器4.6；加热器4.3的开口端与连接管5固定连接，催化器4.4的内壁与加热器4.3的外壁贴合布置，催化器4.4的外壁与第二降噪筒4.2的内壁贴合布置；冷凝器4.5的外壁与第二降噪筒4.2的内壁之间套装有可拆卸的活性炭吸附筒4.7，活性炭吸附筒4.7可以直接抽取出来，方便替换和安装。冷凝器4.5的内壁与冷凝液收集器4.6的外壁贴合布置，冷凝液收集器4.6的内壁与出气管2固定连接。加热器4.3上设置有用于供空气进入其内腔的单向进气阀4.31和用于控制加热器4.3开启或者关闭的第一电控开关4.32。催化器4.4为陶瓷制成的多孔状结构，催化器4.4内腔填充有三效催化剂，催化器4.4的内壁涂覆有活化涂层，活化涂层的配方由碱金属氧化物、碱土金属氧化物和过渡金属氧化物按照质量比为1:1～20:1～20混合制备而成。冷凝器4.5为碳钢或低合金钢制成的网状结构，冷凝器4.5上还设置有用于控制冷凝器4.5开启或者关闭的第二电控开关4.51。
本发明的工作过程：发动机的尾气通过进气管1进入一级净化装置3内进行第一次过滤作用，通过活性炭卡盘3.2内的活性炭，能对尾气中得到的颗粒物进行吸附，环保节能；通过纳米泡卡盘3.3内的氢氧化钠液体的纳米泡，能够对尾气中的氮氧化物进行化学反应处理，环保无污染；经过一级净化装置3处理后的尾气再经过连接管5进入二级净化装置4，尾气通过加热器4.3加热后进入催化器4.4，可以在催化器4.4内装有三效催化剂用以催化加热处理的混合尾气中的有害气体和氧气产生氧化还原反应，同时用活性炭吸附筒4.7吸附净化氧化还原后的尾气，再经过冷却器4.5对产生的氧化还原反应的高温尾气进行降温处理，并对其中部分气态成分冷凝，冷凝后的产物会聚集在冷凝收集器4.6内，冷凝后的产物会聚集在冷凝收集器4.6排出，剩余废弃则沿出气管2排出，进一步提高了尾气的净化效果。同时，通过第一降噪筒和第二降噪筒起到降噪的作用，降低高速尾气的噪音。
以上仅为本发明的具体实施方式，应当指出，其余未详细说明的内容为现有技术，任何熟悉本领域的技术人员在本发明所揭示的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

1.一种降噪型尾气净化装置，包括与发动机排气口连接的进气管(1)和用于排出净化气体的出气管(2)，其特征在于：所述进气管(1)与出气管(2)之间依次设置有一级净化装置(3)和二级净化装置(4)，所述一级净化装置(3)与二级净化装置(4)之间通过连接管(5)连通；
所述一级净化装置(3)包括具有圆筒状内腔的卧式壳体(3.1)，所述卧式壳体(3.1)的一端与进气管(1)固定连接，另一端与连接管(5)固定连接；所述卧式壳体(3.1)的内腔沿其轴向交替布置有若干个可拆卸的活性炭卡盘(3.2)和纳米泡卡盘(3.3)；
所述二级净化装置(4)包括第一降噪筒(4.1)和同轴穿设在第一降噪筒(4.1)内腔的第二降噪筒(4.2)，所述第二降噪筒(4.2)的内腔依次设置有加热器(4.3)、催化器(4.4)、冷凝器(4.5)、以及冷凝液收集器(4.6)；
所述加热器(4.3)的开口端与连接管(5)固定连接，所述催化器(4.4)的内壁与加热器(4.3)的外壁贴合布置，所述催化器(4.4)的外壁与第二降噪筒(4.2)的内壁贴合布置；所述冷凝器(4.5)的外壁与第二降噪筒(4.2)的内壁之间套装有可拆卸的活性炭吸附筒(4.7)，所述冷凝器(4.5)的内壁与冷凝液收集器(4.6)的外壁贴合布置，所述冷凝液收集器(4.6)的内壁与出气管(2)固定连接；
所述卧式壳体(3.1)由第一半圆筒壳体(3.11)和第二半圆筒壳体(3.12)拼装组成，所述第一半圆筒壳体(3.11)和第二半圆筒壳体(3.12)相对布置的直边上设置有相互贴合的翻边板(3.13)；
所述活性炭卡盘(3.2)为第一半环形活性炭卡盘(3.21)和第二半环形活性炭卡盘(3.22)拼装而成的圆环形结构；所述活性炭卡盘(3.2)内填充有活性炭颗粒；
所述纳米泡卡盘(3.3)为第一半环形纳米泡卡盘(3.31)和第二半环形纳米泡卡盘(3.32)拼装而成的圆环形结构；所述纳米泡卡盘(3.3)内填充有氢氧化钠溶液的纳米泡，所述氢氧化钠溶液的质量浓度为3％～45％。
2.根据权利要求1所述的降噪型尾气净化装置，其特征在于：所述加热器(4.3)上设置有用于供空气进入其内腔的单向进气阀(4.31)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的降噪型尾气净化装置，其特征在于：所述加热器(4.3)上还设置有用于控制加热器(4.3)开启或者关闭的第一电控开关(4.32)。
4.根据权利要求1或2或3所述的降噪型尾气净化装置，其特征在于：所述催化器(4.4)为陶瓷制成的多孔状结构，所述催化器(4.4)内腔填充有三效催化剂，所述催化器(4.4)的内壁涂覆有活化涂层，所述活化涂层的配方由碱金属氧化物、碱土金属氧化物和过渡金属氧化物按照质量比为1:1～20:1～20混合制备而成。
5.根据权利要求1或2或3所述的降噪型尾气净化装置，其特征在于：所述冷凝器(4.5)为碳钢或低合金钢制成的网状结构，所述冷凝器(4.5)上还设置有用于控制冷凝器(4.5)开启或者关闭的第二电控开关(4.51)。
6.根据权利要求1或2或3所述的降噪型尾气净化装置，其特征在于：所述第一降噪筒(4.1)为由玻璃纤维隔音棉制备而成的筒状结构，所述第二降噪筒(4.2)为由聚酯纤维消音棉制备而成的筒状结构。
7.根据权利要求1或2或3所述的降噪型尾气净化装置，其特征在于：所述卧式壳体(3.1)的内壁涂覆有隔热层，所述卧式壳体(3.1)的一端通过密封胶与进气管(1)密封连接，所述卧式壳体(3.1)的另一端通过密封胶与连接管(5)密封连接。
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