CN1086122A - 具混合型吸收性芯的吸收性物品 - Google Patents
具混合型吸收性芯的吸收性物品 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1086122A CN1086122A CN92115239A CN92115239A CN1086122A CN 1086122 A CN1086122 A CN 1086122A CN 92115239 A CN92115239 A CN 92115239A CN 92115239 A CN92115239 A CN 92115239A CN 1086122 A CN1086122 A CN 1086122A
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- Prior art keywords
- fiber
- group
- mentioned
- absorbent
- absorbent core
- Prior art date
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F2013/51322—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin characterised by its function or properties, e.g. stretchability, breathability, rewet, visual effect; having areas of different permeability being elastomeric or stretchable
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-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
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- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
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- A61F13/51401—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin characterised by the material
- A61F2013/51409—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin characterised by the material being a film
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-
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- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
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- A61F2013/51486—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin characterised by its structure with specially shaped backsheets
- A61F2013/5149—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin characterised by its structure with specially shaped backsheets being embossed
-
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
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- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530007—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made from pulp
- A61F2013/530036—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made from pulp being made in chemically-modified cellulosic material, e.g. Rayon
- A61F2013/530051—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made from pulp being made in chemically-modified cellulosic material, e.g. Rayon being made in cross-linked cellulosic fibres
-
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530007—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made from pulp
- A61F2013/530058—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made from pulp with specific method of producing wood pulp fibres
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530007—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made from pulp
- A61F2013/530058—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made from pulp with specific method of producing wood pulp fibres
- A61F2013/530094—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made from pulp with specific method of producing wood pulp fibres with mechanical pulp
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530007—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made from pulp
- A61F2013/530058—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made from pulp with specific method of producing wood pulp fibres
- A61F2013/530094—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made from pulp with specific method of producing wood pulp fibres with mechanical pulp
- A61F2013/530102—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made from pulp with specific method of producing wood pulp fibres with mechanical pulp with thermomechanical pulp
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530007—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made from pulp
- A61F2013/530058—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made from pulp with specific method of producing wood pulp fibres
- A61F2013/530094—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made from pulp with specific method of producing wood pulp fibres with mechanical pulp
- A61F2013/530109—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made from pulp with specific method of producing wood pulp fibres with mechanical pulp with chemithermomechanical pulp
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530131—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp
- A61F2013/530138—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp characterized by the fibre length
- A61F2013/530145—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp characterized by the fibre length being short
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530131—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp
- A61F2013/53016—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp having special shape
- A61F2013/530167—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp having special shape being crimped
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530131—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp
- A61F2013/530226—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp with polymeric fibres
- A61F2013/530255—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp with polymeric fibres being hydrophobic fibres
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530131—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp
- A61F2013/530226—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp with polymeric fibres
- A61F2013/530299—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp with polymeric fibres being hydrophilic fibres
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530131—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp
- A61F2013/530343—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp being natural fibres
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530131—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp
- A61F2013/530343—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp being natural fibres
- A61F2013/53035—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp being natural fibres of cotton
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530131—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp
- A61F2013/530343—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp being natural fibres
- A61F2013/530357—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp being natural fibres of wool
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530131—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp
- A61F2013/530343—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp being natural fibres
- A61F2013/530372—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp being natural fibres of ramie or jute or linen
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530481—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530481—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials
- A61F2013/530583—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials characterized by the form
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530481—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials
- A61F2013/530583—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials characterized by the form
- A61F2013/530613—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials characterized by the form in fibres
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530481—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials
- A61F2013/530708—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials characterized by the absorbency properties
- A61F2013/530715—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials characterized by the absorbency properties by the acquisition rate
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F13/534—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad
- A61F13/535—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad inhomogeneous in the plane of the pad, e.g. core absorbent layers being of different sizes
- A61F2013/5355—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad inhomogeneous in the plane of the pad, e.g. core absorbent layers being of different sizes with terraced core
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F13/534—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad
- A61F13/537—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer
- A61F2013/53765—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer characterized by its geometry
- A61F2013/53786—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer characterized by its geometry with folds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F13/539—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium characterised by the connection of the absorbent layers with each other or with the outer layers
- A61F2013/53908—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium characterised by the connection of the absorbent layers with each other or with the outer layers with adhesive
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F13/539—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium characterised by the connection of the absorbent layers with each other or with the outer layers
- A61F2013/53908—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium characterised by the connection of the absorbent layers with each other or with the outer layers with adhesive
- A61F2013/53916—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium characterised by the connection of the absorbent layers with each other or with the outer layers with adhesive with epicyclical pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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Abstract
一种吸收性物品,如尿布、卫生巾、成人失禁用
品,它们都具有由不同类型的纤维混合而成的吸收性
芯。吸收性物品最好具有可透过液体的面层及与之
相接的不透过液体的底层,以及位于它们之间的混合
型吸收性芯,和一个拦截层。吸收性芯由短的低旦的
亲水的纤维组成的第一纤维组与长的高旦的对潮湿
不敏感的合成纤维组成的第二组纤维均匀混合构
成。第一组纤维从由天然纤维、人造纤维或交联纤维
素纤维组成的纤维组中选出。第二级纤维占上述吸
收性芯总量的约5%至90%。吸收性芯被压缩至至
少为0.09克/cm3(1.5克/寸3)的密度。
Description
本发明涉及吸收性物品,例如尿布、卫生巾、成人失禁用物及类似物,它们具有由不同类型的纤维混合组成的吸收性芯。
典型的吸收性物品包括一种与佩带者身体接触的能透过液体的材料,还有一种与佩带者衣服接触的不能够透过液体的材料,以及夹在上述两者间的吸收体或吸收性芯。在已有的吸收性物品中,一种材料被称作气铺毛布(airfelt),它由磨碎的木浆组成,它被用于吸收性芯中吸收附着于吸收性物品表面上的液体或其它流出物。使用气铺毛布的缺点是为获得所需的功能需要使用一厚层气铺毛布。
最近,为改善吸收性芯的效果,尝试把吸收性的凝胶材料微粒散布在吸收性芯中。但是含有吸收性凝胶材料的吸收性芯会受到一种被称作“胶体阻塞”现象的有害影响。术语“胶体阻塞”是用以描述这样一种情况,即当吸收性凝胶材料的微粒遇湿膨胀时,一些这种微粒的膨胀阻碍了液体进入吸收性芯的其它部分。所以吸收性芯的其它部分的湿润要经过很缓慢的扩散过程才能发生。这就可能引起这样一种结果,即随后的液体被吸收性芯截获的过程变得比有待吸收的液体排泄速度慢。结果在吸收性芯中的吸收性凝胶材料的微粒充分饱和以前或是在液体能够经过“阻塞”微粒扩散或被吸进入其余的吸收性芯之前,吸收性物品很可能已经产生了泄漏。
在由带有或不带有吸收性胶凝材料的气铺毛布组成的吸收性芯构成的吸收性物品中,存在有另一个问题,即当气铺毛布受湿后,其结构即趋于坍缩。当吸收性材料坍缩时,它就有可能被挤紧,变得坚硬而不柔软,因而使得吸收性物品在佩带时变得非常不适。
针对这类结果和/或其它的问题作了一些努力,其中一部分记载于下述专利文件:US.4,610,678,Weisman等(1986.9.9)、US.4,673,402,Weisman等(1987.6.16)、EP-A-254,476,转让给Procter & Gamble公司(1988.1.27),这些文献所公开的内容在此被用作参考。
所列出的第一个专利US.4,610,678指出了一种柔软的高密度的吸收性构造,它包括亲水性纤维与吸收性胶凝材料的微粒的混合体。这种结构基本上是无联结键的(即纤维/纤维联结键与纤维/吸收性凝胶材料微粒间的联结键是相对较少的)。为达到这一点,要避免纤维和水凝胶微粒暴露于水或湿气中。该结构被压缩至从约0.15至约1克/cm3的密度。缺少连结键使该结构在最初受潮时很快回复到原来的体积因而更充分地拓展了吸收性胶凝材料的吸收能力。
试图解决舒适问题的尝试见于Mattews等的专利US.4,397,644,其中使用了一种环抱着吸收性层的舒适感增强层。该舒适感增强层的上部称作流体传递层,它可包括由卷曲的热塑性纤维、非热塑性纤维、吸收性或超吸收性纤维和纤维素纤维组成的混合体。但最主要的吸收性层是通用的气铺毛布或纤维素纤维/气铺毛布结构。
一些其它的专利讨论了将热塑性材料附加于吸收性物品以达到各种目的的问题,它们是US.3,285,245(Eldridge等)、US.3,545,441(Gravdahl)、US.3,976,074(Fitzgerald等)、US.4,047,531(Karami)、US.4,054,141(Schwaiger等)、US.4,082,886与4,129,132(Butteworth等)、US.4,214,582(Patel)以及US.4,219,024(Patience等)。
这些专利描述了热塑性材料的使用,但未公开一种吸收性物品,在受潮时,其中的吸收性材料可以减少坍陷的倾向,而且使其中的芯材料的使用达到最佳状态。
因此,需要对吸收性物品的吸收芯进行改进,这种吸收芯也可以随意地带有一些由吸收性凝胶材料构成的颗粒。特别希望吸收性材料在潮湿时具有减小坍缩倾向,并且能够最优化地使用其中的芯材料。
所以本发明的一个目的是提供具有上述特性的吸收性物品。
当参阅下文及其相关附图时可以更迅速明确地理解本发明的这些目的与其它的目的。
本发明的吸收性物品,例如尿布、卫生巾、或成人失禁用品、或类似物,均具有一个包含有不同类型的纤维的混合物的吸收性芯。
该吸收性物品最好包括一个可透过液体的面层,与面层相接的不透过液体的底层,以及位于面层与底层之间的混合型吸收性芯,以及一个拦截(acquisition)层。吸收性芯由短的低旦的亲水的纤维组成的第一组纤维与长的高旦的合成纤维构成的第二组纤维均匀混合构成。第一组纤维从由天然纤维、合成纤维或交联纤维素纤维组成的纤维组中选出,第二组纤维占上述吸收性芯重量的约5%至90%。吸收性芯可压缩至至少约0.09克/cm3(1.5克/吋3)。
混合型芯用作吸收性物品中的主要吸收层。吸收性物品不依赖分立的液体传递层来保持吸收性芯不发生变形(如在Matthews等的卫生巾中所作的)。这种混合型芯可以并最好是在湿气存在的情况下被压缩。这样就使吸收性芯内产生键连结因而增加了结构的整体性。混合型芯包括足够量的对湿气不敏感的纤维以使芯部材料在使用过程初次浸湿或甚至在制造过程与湿气接触时能回复其容积。当芯被压缩时,卷曲的纤维也互相缠结起来。这些纤维间的缠结有助于芯体在使用前维持其密度。
附图的简要说明:
图1是本发明的最佳的卫生巾的实例的上平面视图。
图2是按图1中2-2线的简化横截面图。
图3是类似于图2的简化横截面图,示出卫生巾的组件的另一个布置方案。
图4-6分别是一种厚的仿形卫生巾的上视图与按5-5与6-6线的简化横截面图。
图7是一种面层材料的简化图解视图,它由一带缠结无纺纤维的穿孔膜组成。
图8是包含有可延伸组件的卫生巾总成的分解透视图。
图9是具有多个凸条的混合型吸收性芯的一部分的图解式横截面图。
本发明涉及具吸收性的物品,例如婴儿尿布、卫生巾、成人大小便失禁时的用具及类似物,该物品具有由不同类型的纤维的混合体构成的芯部。
术语“吸收性物品”在此处涉及用来吸收并保持住人体流出物的物品。该术语尤其是涉及贴紧或贴近穿戴者的身体以吸收并容纳从该身体中排出的流体的物品。术语“吸收性物品”包括婴儿尿布、卫生巾、衬裤衬垫、大小便失禁用垫及类似物。术语“易处置的”是指物品在一次性使用或更佳地是循环使用后可被弃置,沤成肥料,或是以其它能与环境相容的方式处置的物品。(即它们不是在洗涤或以其它方式复原再作为吸收性物品来使用)。在所述的最佳实例中,吸收性物品是用标号20指出的卫生巾。
术语“卫生巾”一词用在这里是涉及一种由女性穿着于邻接阴部的位置以吸收和容纳从体内排出的各种流出物(例如血、月经和尿)的物品,但本发明并不仅限于在图中所示的吸收性物品的特定类型或形状。
卫生巾20具有两个表面,与身体接触的表面即“体面”20A与外表面20B。在图1中所示的卫生巾是从体面20A的方向看的。体面20A用于与穿着者的身体相接触。卫生巾20的外表面20B(示于图2)位于相反的一侧,它在佩带卫生巾20时与穿着者的衬裤相接触。
卫生巾20具有两条中线,即纵向中线L与横向中线T。术语“纵向”是指在卫生巾20的平面中的一条线,一条轴线或方向线,即其基本上与在卫生巾20被佩带时将站立的佩带者等分为左右两部分的垂直平面的方向相一致(例如近似于平行)。而术语“横向”在这里是指在卫生巾20的平面中的这样的一条线,一条轴线或方向线,即其基本上与“纵向”相垂直。图1所示的卫生巾20也具有两个彼此隔开的纵向的或侧边的边沿22和两个彼此隔开的横向的或端头的边沿(或称“端头”)24,它们共同构成卫生巾20的周边26。
卫生巾20的厚度可以是任意的,可以相对地厚些或薄些。在图1-3中所示的卫生巾的实例为一种相对薄的卫生巾。但在看这些附图的时候应当了解材料层的数量的表示方式使得卫生巾20显得比实际上要厚得多。“薄的”卫生巾20最好具有3个毫米以下的厚度。所示薄卫生巾20最好是比较易于弯曲的,从而对于穿戴者更为舒适。
图2示出了卫生巾的各个构件。本发明的卫生巾20包括至少三个主要成份。它们是一个液体可透过面层28,一个液体不透过底层(或“障层”)30及一个吸收性的芯32。吸收性的芯32位于面层28与底层30之间。图2所示的卫生巾20最好还包括一个液体可透过拦截层34。该拦截层34可以是位于面层28与吸收性芯32之间的分立部分,也可以作为面层28或芯32的一部分。卫生巾20最好也包括非必需的侧片或“翼”36,它可以绕穿着者的短衬裤的腿叉部分折回来。所示的卫生巾20还具有一个粘性紧固件38,它用于把卫生巾20附着在佩带者的衬裤上。可移去的分离衬层40复盖在粘性紧固装置38上,用以保证除在使用前粘在衬裤的腿叉部以外不致粘在其它表面上。
卫生巾20的个别组分将以更详细的程度加以观察。
A.面层
面层28包含液体可透过组成部分,在使用卫生巾20时它紧贴使用者的皮肤。面层28最好尽可能的柔顺,感觉很软并不刺激使用者的皮肤。面层28应进一步显示出良好的透过特性与减少反潮(rewet)的倾向,允许身体的排泄物迅速地透过它流向芯32,但不允许这些排泄物通过面层28返流向佩带者的皮肤。面层28最好是不透明的能掩藏经血和其它穿过面层28的流出物。
面层28具有两个侧边(或表面),包括体侧面28A与外侧面(或芯侧面)28B。面层28的体侧面28A通常至少构成卫生巾20的体接触面(体面)的一部分。面层28具有两条纵向沿28C与两条端沿28D(类似的编号系统还将用于卫生巾的其它组分。即组分面向穿着者身体的一面标以组分标号并附加字母“A”,面向穿着者衬裤的一面标以组分标号并附加字母“B”,侧沿与端沿标以组分标号并分别附加字母“C”与“D”)。
可以广泛的材料来制造适用的面层,它包括(但不局限于):纺织和无纺材料、带孔的热塑成形膜、带孔的塑性膜、液压成形(hydroformed)膜、多孔泡沫材料、网状泡沫材料、网状热塑成形膜和热塑性稀松窗帘布(scrims)。用于面层28的纺织和无纺材料可以包括天然纤维(例如木质或棉纤维),合成纤维(例如聚合物纤维,如聚酯、聚丙烯纤维、以及聚乙烯、或聚乙烯醇、淀粉基树脂、聚氨酯、纤维素酯、尼龙,以及螺萦纤维)或者是由天然和合成纤维组合而成。对于面层28来说多孔的膜通常更佳,因为它们不仅可以透过液体,并且,如果孔的位置适当,还可以抑制液流透过它们返流而使佩带者的皮肤反潮。
适当构造的膜在1975年12月30日出版的Thompson的专利US.3,929,135,1982年4月13日出版的Mullane等人的专利US.4,324,426,1982年8月3日出版的Radel等人的专利US.4,342,314,1984年7月31日出版的Ahr等人的专利US.4,463,045及1991年4月9日出版的Baird美国专利5,006,394中作过描述。具附加的适当构造和液压成形的膜在授予Curro等人的专利US.4,609,518,4,629,643;4,659,422;4,772,444;4,778,644与4,839,216以及授予Ouellette等人的专利US.4,637,819中作过描述。在其它实例中,面层28可以包括复盖有塑性膜的无纺材料。这种面层在1991年11月19日由Aziz等人申请的美国专利申请No.07/794,745中有着更详细的描述。还有一些其它的可用于面层的适宜材料见于Hagy等人的专利US.4,775,579(1988年10月4日出版)、Kobayash的专利US.5,023,124(1991年6月11日出版)以及Suda等人的专利EP.0,304,617A2(1989年3月1日出版)。
在另一施施例中(图7中所示),面层28可以包括缠结的纤维构成的膜。术语“缠结的纤维构成的膜”涉及一种在孔29的内部和周围都具有缠结的纤维的带孔的膜。这种面层的穿孔膜可以包括上述的膜或窗帘制品中的任何一种。该膜具有通过机械地或加热-机械地方法与其缠结的无纺纤维42′。纤维最好沿着向芯边28B的方向延伸,纤维缠结的面层材料28使带孔膜27与无纺纤维42′间的接触更为密切。这样可以产生改进液体穿过膜而到达纤维42′以及内层例如吸收性芯32或拦截层34的通行能力的优点。它也可以提供改善的舒适感,因为膜27不太可能与下层的缠结纤维剥离,这样就防止了膜27钻入佩带者身体的缝隙中去。
还有另一个最佳实例(如图8所示),其中卫生巾20中所包含的组份当该卫生巾被佩带时是可延伸的(即可以被拉长,特别是在纵向)。最好卫生巾20的延伸度为拉伸之前长度的约15~40%。这种可延伸性提供了更好的适用性,它可以始终附着在佩带者的内裤上,改进舒适感并减少沾污的情况发生。在另一实例中卫生巾20的组份的某一部分需要具有伸长能力。
在图8中所示的面层28的一种类型的应用实例可以按专利US4,463,045制造,其上所滚压出的环纹可以使其具有一定程度的纵向延伸能力。用于滚压环纹或“预起皱”的适用工艺描述于1978年8月15日出版的Sisson的专利US.4,107,364、1989年5月30日出版的Sabee的专利US.4,834,741;及随后的PCT专利申请,它们均出版于1992年9月17日,即:Gerald M. Weber等的WO92/25444、Kenneth B.Buell等的WO.92/15446与Gerald M.Weber等的WO.92/15445。在面层上的皱褶折合线应均为横向的,这样面层就成为纵向可延伸的。这样的面层在下列美国专利申请中有着更详细的叙述,它们是在1991年7月23日申请的Thompson等的No.07/734,404和Thompson等的07/734,392以及Buenger的No.07/734,405。后面三个专利申请可以集合作为一组“毛细管纤维”(Capillary Channel Fiber)的专利申请。
此外,在本发明的最佳实施例中,至少一部分面层28被用表面活性剂加以处理。这是可由本专业的普通技术人员采用现有技术完成的。面层用表面活性剂加以处理的适当方法可在一些参考资料中找到,即Osborn的专利US.4,950,264与5,009,653及Aziz等在1991年11月19日申请的美国专利申请07/794,745。后一申请指出了用表面活性剂处理由无纺/穿孔的热塑料膜面层制成的穿孔膜组分的方法。表面活性剂中最好混入用于制造热塑成形膜的树脂中。
对面层28进行表面活性剂处理使得面层28更具亲水性。这样液体以比面层未处理时更快的速度穿透面层,因而减小了人体流出物在穿过面层28吸收之前而从面层溢出的可能性。
B.拦截层
拦截层(或“拦截/散布层”或“拦截片”)34示于图2。它位于面层28与(至少一部分)吸收性芯32之间。
在图2所示的实例中,拦截层34是折叠的片状无纺材料。但应懂得拦截层不必是折叠片状的。这里用的术语“层”或“幅”包括(但不仅限于)不折叠的单片、折叠片、条状材料、松散或粘接的纤维、多层或层压材料,或这些材料的其它形式的组合。故这两个术语不仅限于未折叠的单层或材料层片。
在图2中,拦截层是折叠成Z形的双层片。更特别地是片34的折叠方式使得从卫生巾的横截面看折叠片的左半部分呈反“Z”形成其右半部分呈“Z”形。片34最好被折成使其上半部54在平面图上呈长方形的条带状。这种折叠形式在Visscher等于1990年10月29日申请的美国专利07/605,583中有着更详细的描述。
图3是类似于图2的简单化的横截面图,它显示出卫生巾20的各组分的一种变化了的布置形式。在图3中,拦截层与其说是位于芯32顶部的分立的垫层,不如说是包括在层压的吸收性芯32结构的顶层中的一个组合层体(或组分)更为确切。
拦截层34的作用是改进流出物的吸收输送能力,使流出物通过它流向吸收性芯32。拦截层34与面层28的组合使卫生巾具有增进的涌出物截获得能力及增进的擦拭能力,详见Osborn的专利US.4,950,264与5,009,653(这样,拦截层34可以被作为一种“擦拭截获片”)。
拦截层34应当具有几种特性。拦截层34应是可透过液体的,同时也最好是柔顺的,具柔软感的并对使用者的皮肤无刺激性。它如同上述的Osborn的专利中所述的可用任何能够疏散开流出物的材料制成。该材料最好能使面层28与其融合。拦截层34也可以具有延伸的性能。拦截层34具有向体面(或侧)34A与向外面34B。
拦截层34应是亲水的。构成拦截层34的纤维或纱42可以是本来就亲水的,也可以通过处理使它们亲水。使纤维具亲水性的适当方法是用表面活性剂来处理它们。处理纤维的方法可以是在构成拦截层的材料上喷撒表面活性剂,或把材料浸入表面活性剂中。对这种处理及其亲水性的更详细的讨论包含在授予Reising等人与Reising的专利US.4,988,344与4,988,345中。这些纤维的亲水性使得拦截层34能从下方吸收通过面层28的液体流出物。
拦截层34可以用纺织或无纺材料制成。这些材料可以是合成的,也可以是部分合成而部分是天然材料。适当的合成纤维包括聚酯、聚丙烯、聚乙烯、尼龙、粘胶螺萦纤维或醋酸纤维,其中聚酯纤维最理想。适合的天然纤维包括棉、纤维素或其它天然纤维,拦截层34还可以至少局部由交联纤维素纤维组成。适当的交联纤维素行维描述于Cook等的1989年12月19日出版的专利US.4,888,093、Dean等的1989年4月18日出版的专利US.4,822,543、Schoggen等的1989年12月26日出版的专利US.4,889,595、Moore等的1990年2月6日出版的专利US.4,898,642、Lash等的1990年6月19日出版的专利US.4,935,022之中。拦截层34也可以由毛细管纤维构成(即纤维中具有沟道,沟道最好位于纤维外表面上)。这种纤维在1990年10月10日出版的专利申请EP.0,391,814中以及在“毛细管纤维”专利申请中有着更详细的描述。拦截层34也可由上述材料的联合体组成,例如用类似于下述用于吸收性芯的纤维混合物或任何等同的材料或它们的组合。
拦截层34的纤维42最好基本上都朝向一个方向。典型地,拦截层34可制造成其纤维都朝向机器的方向(MD)。拦截层34在产品中的放置方式也可以使大多数纤维42都朝向纵向的方向上(即纤维42基本上平行于卫生巾20的纵向中线L)。短语“基本平行”于纵向中线(以及类似的短语)在这里包括在角度上偏离纵向中线的纤维。这些纤维在当它们的方向处于横向与纵向之间而更为接近纵向时就被认为是基本上平行的。拦截层34的纤维42的方向使得渗入拦截层34的液态流出物主要地受到一种烛芯式抽吸作用而向吸收性芯32的端部32D扩散。
拦截层34可以是任何适当的尺寸。拦截层34不必延伸至吸引性芯的全宽,它可以是例如呈类似于图1与2中所示的Z形折叠片的上部54的配置形式的条状(其尺寸亦类似)。
拦截层34如果采用无纺布的话,可以采用若干种不同的工艺制造。包括(但不仅限于):熔喷、纺粘和梳理,按优选的顺序排列,后者包括热粘、通气粘(through-airbonded)、粉末粘合剂粘、胶乳粘、熔剂粘、及射流喷网。后面的工艺也许是最佳的,因为在这些工艺中易于将纤维排成单向。
在一个最佳实施例中,拦截层34由射流喷网无纺织物幅组成,后者又由永久性可湿纤维组成。该拦截层34最好是一种30克/码2(35克/米2)的聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(或PET)射流喷网无纺织品。这种类型的无纺布由麻萨诸塞洲Walpole的Veratec公司制造。这种射流喷网无纺织品的成型方式使大多数纤维呈单向排列。
这种最佳的拦截层34的由PET树脂制成并复以受专利保护的永久可湿性成品,该成品通常称作CELWET。这类纤维可以从北卡罗来纳州Charlotte的Hoechst Celanene 公司获得。这种CELWET涂层用于面层28中带有由液力缠结的无纺纤维组成的穿孔膜或稀松窗帘布的卫生巾特别合适,因为用它涂复过的纤维在液力缠结工艺后,保持着极强的亲水性,因而对血具有很强的芯吸能力。
面层28与拦截层34紧密接触,这种联接关系使得液体能更快地穿过面层28。在通用的产品中,面层28在一开始就通过在下垫层与面层28之间施用粘合剂而使其与下垫层相接触。
在图1-3所示的本发明的实例中,面层28用熔融粘合法与下垫拦截层34面对面地接合起来,两者表面的粘接部位于卫生巾的主体部位21上,并位于任何不透水的边缝的内侧,例如环绕着卫生巾20的周边26的边缝64(术语“内侧”意指朝向纵、横向中线的交叉处的一侧)。
面层28与拦截层34间的熔融可以借助于加热和/或压粘、超声粘、动力机粘或类似的方法来完成。可以任何合适的方式来加压,例如把两个组件推入反向转动的辊子间、把材料放在砧子上再压上压板、用真空施压、或其它类似方法。
可以适于用来把面层28熔融熔接于拦截层34的适当手段至少在下列的一些专利文件中被加以描述:US.4,430,148(Schaefer)、US.4,515,595(Kievit等)、US.4,531,999(Persson等)、US.4,710,189与4,808,252(Lash)、US.4,823,783(Willhite,Jr等)、US.4,854,984与4,919,756(Ball等)。
熔融粘合最好由个别的熔粘点44组成某种图样。个别的粘合点44可以组成任何图形。例如粘合点44可以呈直线或曲线、或几何图形,例如是圆形、方形、矩形、菱形等类似形状或不规则图形。粘合点44可以以多种不同的方式布置。
图1示出一种最佳的粘合点图样。熔接的粘点44由不连续的圆形小点组成。粘点44的图形的布置方式最好是布满于卫生巾的主体部分21的整个体表20A上(主体部分21是指卫生巾上翼片借以向外延伸的部分)。在图1中所示的粘点图样由多个大粘点44A与多个小粘点44B组成。大粘点44A位于卫生巾的纵向中心区域46中。而小粘点44B位于纵向侧边区域48中。
面层28与拦截层34(或其它下垫层)也可以至少部分地用其它适当的连接手段或其它连接手段与上述连接手段的组合紧密连接。面层28与拦截层34也可至少部分地用现有技术的任何手段加以连接,例如借助粘接剂。
如果采用粘接,粘接剂可以呈均匀连续的一层、呈图案状薄层、或成排的分立的直线、螺旋形、或点状。最佳的粘接接合是由粘合剂的细丝构成疏松的网络状图案,例如1986年3月4日出版的Minetola等的专利US.4,573,986中所述。或者是由几条粘合剂细丝线盘成螺旋状图样构成疏松的网络状图案,其设备和方法在1975年10月7日出版的Sprague,Jr.的专利US.3,911,173、1978年11月22日出版的Zieker等的专利US.4,785,996、1989年6月27日出版的Werenicz的专利US.4,842,666。适当的粘合剂由威斯康星Elm Grove的Findley粘合剂公司生产,市场上称作H-1077或H-1137。
还有另一些实例,其中面层28与拦截层34可以至少部分地以机械及热-机械缠结的方法贴合起来。
C.吸收性芯
吸收性芯32位于面层28与底层30之间,吸收性芯用于吸收经血和其它身体流出物。吸收性芯通常至少是可以轻微地加以压缩(但最好是不会被压溃)的、舒适的和对使用者的皮肤不具刺激性。
本发明的吸收性芯32涉及一种“混合”的芯。这种特定的芯作为一种用于薄型产品的薄的平幅材料示于图1-3,而在图4-6中是用于相对厚的卫生巾20中。
混合的吸收性芯32包括一层纤维,最好是一种均匀的纤维混合体。混合的芯32包括至少两组(或类)纤维。其中第一组(或类)是低旦的、相对短的亲水性纤维。第二组(或类)的含量从约5%(最好至少有约10或20%)至90%,是高旦的,较长的且对湿气不敏感的合成纤维。两组纤维的混合比率可加以变化从而针对不同类型的吸收物品而产生不同的特性。(在说明书中记载的百分比概为重量百分比,除非另有说明)。
第一组纤维可以是天然纤维,例如棉或磨碎的木浆纤维的纤维素,如气铺毛布。第一组纤维可以换成或附加合成纤维,它包括(但不仅限于)PET、聚丙烯、聚乙烯、嫘萦、化学热机械纸浆(或cTMP或TMP)、磨碎的木材、或化学改性纤维,例如交联纤维素纤维。第一组纤维中的纤维或是本来就具有亲水性,或是采用任何一种前述的处理方法来使它们具有亲水性。
当第一组纤维中的纤维受潮时,为了使其实质上仍具有抗压阻力,可以选择较硬的纤维来改善其性能。(即纤维应具有高的压缩模量)。最好是所选择的纤维在干态和湿态都具有抗压性和回弹力(即它们在被压缩时既能抗压,又能回弹)。对于这种要求,交联纤维素纤维是特别合用的(但应当了解交联纤维素纤维是经过充分改性的,它们本身不再被认为是纤维素或天然纤维)。
第二组纤维也应具有高的压缩模量并在湿态时也应维持相对高的模量。第二组纤维也应最好具有湿态与干态的回弹力。适当的材料包括(但不仅限于)任何一种上述的适用于拦截层34的合成纤维材料(纤维的长度、旦数等却不一定要相同。一些更佳的纤维长度等参数在下面叙述)。
第二组中的纤维最好比第一组中的纤维长。最好第二组中的纤维长度大于或等于约1/4吋(约0.6cm),如超出或等于约1/2吋(约1.3cm)就更好。第二组中的纤维的旦数最好大于第一组中的旦数。第二组中的纤维的旦数对于每根单纤维最好是在约4或4.5至约50或60之间,如在约6至约40之间则更佳,在约12或15至约30之间就更好了,而最理想的是在约12至约25之间。
第二组的纤维对湿不敏感,即其基本上不受潮湿影响(也就是不会因潮湿而塌溃)。但这些纤维可以沿其表面传送液体。该组的纤维可以是亲水、憎水或部分亲水部分憎水,最好是至少具有一部分亲水组份(可以是纤维素组份)。该组纤维可以通过一些适当的方法来使之具备亲水的组份,包括(但不限于)以涂复或处理的方法赋予它们或至少它们的表面亲水的特性。
用于第二组纤维的一种适用的合成纤维是卷曲的聚酯纤维。另一种适用的合成纤维可以从Kingsport的Eastman Kodak纺织纤维部得到,其商品名称是KODEL 200与400型PET纤维。一种适用的合成粘接纤维是KODEL410纤维。一种适用的聚酯纤维是KODEL431纤维。这些KODEL纤维最好每线性英寸(linear inch)(即每25cm)具有约5至7个卷缩数,6个为好但最好是6.3。纤维的卷曲角最好是在约70°至约91°之间,88°最好。卷曲赋予纤维改善的回弹性及其它所需的特性。其单纤维的旦数为15,长度约为0.5吋(约1.3cm)。它们可以以现有技术中的任何适用的方法复以亲水或憎水的涂层。
在一个替换实例中,可以用很短的低旦的合成纤维(具亲水表面)来代替第一组纤维中的天然纤维。在这种情况下的混合芯32由短的低旦的亲水的第一组合成纤维(例如带有CELWET涂层的聚酯纤维)与长的高旦的第二组合成纤维组成。
这种混合芯可以并最好是含有由形成水凝胶的聚合物胶凝剂微粒,以增加芯的吸收能力。
在吸收性芯32中采用的聚合物胶凝剂通常包括形成水凝胶的聚合物材料的颗粒。术语“微粒”在这里可以是任意形式的微粒,例如呈丸状、片状或纤维状。在这里所应用的最佳类型的聚合物材料的特性及可用于制备这些聚合物微粒的方法详述于Weisman等的专利US.4,673,402、Osborn的专利US.5,009,653,以及在这些专利中所引用的参考专利,所有这些内容在此都引为参考。
在一个最佳实施例中形成水凝胶的聚合物胶凝剂包括有“高速”吸收性凝胶材料。术语“高速”吸收凝胶材料在这里用于指这些吸收性凝胶材料可以在小于或等于约10秒钟的时间内,所吸收的流出物达到其吸收能力的至少约40%、至少约50%为好、至少约90%为最好。用于测定能力百分率的方法详述于Noel等申请的美国专利申请No.07/637090(1991.1.3)与Feist等的1992年7月23日出版的专利WO.92/11831。在一替换实例中也可以用其它类型的(或正常速度的)吸收性凝胶材料混入高速吸收性材料之中。
在上面刚叙述过的实例中,高速吸收性凝胶材料最好呈纤维状。这些纤维(虽然不一定必须是高速纤维状吸收性凝胶材料)在Bourland等的1989年8月8日出版的美国专利4,855,179中有着更充分的讨论。该术语“纤维状吸收性凝胶材料”在这里是指纤维形成的吸收性凝胶材料,它包括全部由吸收性凝胶材料构成的纤维以及双组份纤维。后者至少部分地包括其他材料,它们的表面复以吸收性凝胶材料。适用的吸收性凝胶材料包括市售的日本大阪Higashi的Choli有限公司生产的商品名称为Lanseal F的丙烯腈系纤维,以及Hercules公司生产的市售的商品名称为Aqualon C的羧甲基纤维素纤维。已知的适合的高速纤维状吸收性凝胶材料如宾夕法尼亚Newton Square的Arco化学公司以前生产的FIBERSORB SA7000或SA7200。
在这种混合性芯中,对形成水凝胶的聚合物胶凝剂的有效利用使其性能得到了改善。使用高浓缩的水凝胶聚合物胶凝剂也是可能的。
混合的吸收性芯32最好压缩至至少约1.5克/立方吋(约0.09克/cm3)的密度。混合性芯32可以被压缩到至少高达约4.0克/立方吋(约0.25克/cm3)以增进芯吸液体的能力,同时仍然维持良好的柔软度与柔顺性。(上述的密度值不包括任何吸收性凝胶材料的微粒的重量)。
混合性芯32可以被压缩至高达0.35克/cm3至0.40克/cm3。但这些高密度芯可能变得相当硬。所以如果芯被压缩成约0.35克/cm3至0.40克/cm3的密度,则最好加以机械折屈或其它方式的处理以使其在使用前变得更为柔顺。
提高密度操作可以施加于整个吸收性芯32或仅选择性的施加于某些部分。花样形状的加密可以使液体保持能力满足某种特定的需要。例如在液流区域的密度可以很低以便使截获液体的速度增至最大,而近于芯缘的密度可以非常高,以极大地增加液体芯吸能力。
在一个特别的实施例中,改善的吸收性芯32是一个气流成网混合体,它包括约15%的0.5吋长,单纤维旦数为15的卷曲聚酯纤维与约85%的交联纤维素纤维。聚酯纤维的卷曲数最好为每线性吋(即每2.5cm)为6个,卷曲角度最好为约90°。芯32最好压缩成密度为1克/立方吋(约0.06克/cm3)。
吸收性芯32可以选择性地喷涂乳胶以增加芯体的完整性。乳胶在应用时可以喷在芯体的一面或两面。一种适用于此的乳胶是可以从宾州费城的Rhom & Haas处得到,其名称是TR520。乳胶可加热至交联或熟化。
吸收性芯32可以用表面活性剂加以处理以增加芯体接受液体的能力(即将液体输入及通过芯体)。当芯体中所含的合成(例如聚酯)纤维比例比较高时这时特别有益的。适合的表面活性剂包括已商品化的Brij76,Pegosperse 200ML与Pluronic L92等。表面活性剂可以以任何适宜的形式加以应用。最好是将其喷涂在吸收性芯的体侧32A上。
图9示出芯32也可选择性地制有多个具间隔的压缩区70,它们之间是凸条72。凸条72最好大致呈纵向排列。压缩区70增进了液体沿它们的长度方向被芯吸的能力,它们可采用任何适于压缩平幅材料的工艺来成型。这样在芯32上其压缩区70与凸条72间有了密度差。图9所示的芯32应在至少一个区域(即在压缩区70或是在凸条72处)被压缩至本文中所述的密度。最好是两个区域都位于本文中所述的密度范围内。
混合性吸收性芯32可以作为一个整体的芯来使用,它也可以作为一个叠层结构中的一层或多层。混合性吸收性芯32在使用时可以带有或不带有拦截层34。
图4-6中示出了芯32的一个实施例,其中芯材料的叠层用于制造一种“仿形”卫生巾20。该仿形的卫生巾20的中部较厚,然后向两边倾斜,至边缘22与24处变薄。图5与6示出这种仿形卫生巾20可以以把相对较长较宽的叠层叠置在相对较短较窄的叠层上面(或反之)的方式来制得。
在一种叠层结构中,一或多个叠层可以全由纤维素组成,也可以由纤维素与水凝胶聚合物材料混合组成。叠层也可以具有不同的纤维和/或吸收性材料成分。例如在较低处的叠层可以具有较高百分比的吸收性凝胶材料以提供附加的液体贮藏能力。
混合性吸收性芯72被认为提供了更优良的性能,它增加了液体截获速度和吸收能力。这些改善可以减少泄漏。吸收性芯也可做得更小或更薄以使其在穿着时更为舒适和松散。芯的强度由于含有较长的卷曲合成纤维而得以增进。这些改善的特性被认为是由于多种因素而致。
这种混合材料的吸收性芯比完全由纤维素组成的芯具有较低的湿密度,这是由于合成纤维存在的结果。合成纤维不吸水,所以在受湿时纤维的模量不改变,它们也不会陷缩。纤维素纤维受湿后其纤维之间的氢键会松开。较低的湿度使混合型吸收性芯增加了液体截获速度并有较高的吸收能力。较低的湿密度使纤维基体中所含的水凝胶聚合物材料可以吸收更大量的液体,因为它们有更多的空间允许聚合物材料膨胀。
第一组纤维被认为可以有助于减少泄漏。混合型芯提供了一定数量的毛细管,含100%所述的这种类型的纤维的芯可以在没有第二组纤维的情况下加以应用。这些小毛细管使芯可以通过面层把液体吸离佩带者的皮肤。防漏功能的改善归因于减小了可能沿面层与佩带者的皮肤表面流出该制品的液体量。
混合型芯的第一组纤维也具有芯吸能力,这种能力来自上述的小毛细管。毛细现象由于芯的致密度的增加而增强。纤维素使芯在干燥时保持较高的而纯粹的合成纤维通常达不到的密度。合成纤维的存在使芯的受潮部分膨胀起来。这样就降低了这些潮湿部分的密度。而相邻的致密区域因仍然干燥而保持高的密度。这就使这些邻接的干燥区域具有小的毛细管,从而使液体被芯吸入这些邻接的区域。这样就既保持了吸收能力与截获速度,同时也使卫生巾的表面保持干燥。
卷曲的合成纤维被认为使芯增加了抗压能力与回弹力。回弹力使液体被吸入芯中及芯受到压力时,在芯内部仍保有空隙。这些空隙为被吸入的液体提供了增加的储藏空间,也为吸收性胶凝体在吸收液体后的膨胀提供了空间。
吸收性芯32可以另外附加一些在吸收材料领域内采用的其它类型的材料。一些适合的附加芯材料包括:起绉纤维素填絮、泥炭藓(peatmoss)等,或其它任何类似的材料或各种材料的组合。
其它类型的吸收性芯的特性,在被用作参考的专利和文件中有更详细的叙述。附加的特性也在这些文件所引证的专利和其它文件中被予以叙述。所有这些参考文件所公开的内容在这里都被用作参考。此外,其它适用的吸收性芯的布置方式在下列文件中被描述:Pat.US.4,988,344,US.4,988,345,EP,0,198,683,1986.10.22,Duenk等。其它可用于芯32的材料在Pat.US.4,475,911(1984.109.Gellert)中被加以描述。
卫生巾(或其它吸收性材料)20还可以包括任何附加的叠层或其它组份,如在所引证的专利文献中所述的。例如,吸收体中可以包括位于面层28与吸收性芯32之间的拦截层或交联的纤维素纤维的补片。
D.底层
底层30不能透过液体,它用作防止经血或其它身体排出液沾污佩带者的衣服。在该领域内任何适用于此目的的材料在这里都可以被采用。适用的材料包括:压花或未压花的聚乙烯膜和层压的薄纸。适用的聚乙烯膜由Mensanto化学公司制造,商品名称为No.8020膜。
在卫生巾20的一个可选用的实例中(具代表性的是,其中面层28仅铺于主体部分21上而不向外伸出而构成翼片36的面层,如美国专利5,007,906所述),底层30也可包括两个叠层。在这种情况下底层30可以包括由膨松材料构成的第一叠层,该层构成底层的向芯侧30A。第一叠层的目的是为佩带者的身体提供一个舒适地无刺激性地与之相贴的表面。膨松层可以是任何一种适合的材料,例如无纺布,最好是一种憎水的无纺布。位于底层30的外侧30处的第二叠层可以是一层不透水的膜。一种厚约0.01至约0.05毫米(最好是厚约0.02毫米)的低密度聚乙烯被认为很适用于该第二叠层。例如一种Visqueen Division的Ethyl公司所售的XP-39385型聚乙烯膜被认为特别适用于该第二叠层。底层30也可以用一种软的类似于布的材料制作,它相对于面层28来说较为憎水。一种聚酯或聚烯烃纤维的底层30被发现很适用。一种特佳的柔软的类似布料的底层30的原料是一种聚酯无纺材料和一种如在Pat.US.4,476,180,Wnuk(1984.10.9)中所述的膜的叠层材料。
在另一个实例中,底层30是可伸展的。一种特佳的可延伸面层30是在毛细管纤维专利中详细描述的威斯康星Wauwatosa的Findley粘合剂公司制造的#198-338配方的可伸展粘性膜。
如图1与2中所述,面层28最好是沿环绕卫生巾20的周边25的缝64与底层30密合起来。缝64可以借助于在本领域中为此目的而通常使用的任何手段来成形,例如粘合、卷边或熔融。这对于简易的结构是最佳的实施方式。(另一些连续不同部件的手段也可以应用),例如在其它可能的实例中,吸收性芯在置于底层30上之前基本上完全被面层28包住。卫生巾20也可以包括一个具充分的整体性的而可独立存在的吸收性芯,液体可以从其一个表面上透过而其另一个表面被加以处理,不能透过液体。
图1与2中也示出了固定件,例如粘性固定件38。它适于把卫生巾20固定在衬裤的腿叉部。适用的粘性固定件在Pat.US.4,917,697中有详细描述。本发明所用的固定件不限于粘性连接件,在本领域中的任何形式的固定件均可用于此目的。例如卫生巾20可借助于在Pat.US.4,946,529(题为“压敏粘合固定件及其制造方法”,Battrell,1990.8.7)所述的固定件固定在佩带者的衬裤上。
粘合固定件38上复有可揭衬垫40。压敏粘合固定件应复以可揭衬垫40以防其在使用前粘在无关的表面上。适用的可揭衬垫在Pat.US.4,917,697中被加以描述。在Pat.US.4,556,146,Swanson等(1985.12.3)中描述了一种既可用来包装卫生巾又可用作卫生巾上的粘合剂的复盖物的包复件。
在描述了几种本发明的卫生巾的最佳实施例后,还有一些其它类型的卫生巾是可以采用的,现在文献中予以公开。它们可以采用本发明的熔融的叠层。这些卫生巾包括公开下列文献中的卫生巾:Pat.US.4,285,343、McNair(1981.8.25)、Pat.US.4,589,876与4,687,678、VanTilburg(1986.5.20、1987、8.18)、Pat.US.4,917,697与5,007,906、Osbornt等(1990.4.17与1991.4.16)、Pat.US.4,950,264与5,009,653、Osborn(1990.8.21、1991.4.23)、PCT的Pat.WO.92/07535、Visscher等(1992.5.14)及Osborn等的美国专利申请No.07/915133(1992.7.23)。
术语“衬裤衬垫”涉及一种比妇女在经期佩用的卫生巾稍薄的吸收物。衬裤衬垫型的吸收物可以带有本发明的混合型吸收性芯,它在Pat.US.4,738,676(题为“衬裤衬垫”、Osborn1988.4.19)中被加以描述。
术语“失禁衬垫物”涉及垫子、衬裤(垫子用同类型的悬挂系统固定,如皮带或类似物)、吸收性物品的插入物、吸收性物品功能增效剂、针织三角裤、床垫及类似物,而不管它们是由成人或其它失禁者带用。适用的可装备本混合型吸收性芯的失禁衬垫物在下列专利文件中有所描述:US.4,253,461 Strickland等,1981.3.3.US.4,597,760与4,597,761 Buell、前述的US.4,704,115、US.4,909,802中,Ahr等、US.4,964,860,gipson等(1990.10.23)、美国申请案No.07/637,090,Noel等(1991.1.3)及PCT的WO.92/11831,Feist等(1992.7.23)。
术语“尿垫”涉及一种通常由儿童和失禁者带用的衬裤,它被提拉至两腿之间并在穿带者的腰部予以固定。适用的吸收性物品中至少有一部分呈尿垫状,该尿垫可配备混合型吸收性芯,它们在下述专利中有所描述:US.Re.26,152、Duncan等(1967.1.31)、US.3,860,003、Buell(1975.1.14)、US.4,610,678,Weisman等(1986.9.9)、US.4,673,402,Weisman等(1987.6.16)、US.4,695,278,Lawson(1987.9.22)、US.4,704,115,Buell(1987.11.3)、US.4,834,735,Alemany等(1989.5.30)、US.4,888,231,Angstadt(1989.12.19)与US.4,909,803,Aziz等(1990.5.20)。
所有的专利、专利申请(以及其中公开的任何专利及所公开的任何相应的外国专利申请)所描述的内容,以及本说明书所涉及的有关出版物均被在此作为参考文件。但很明确,这并不意味着这些用于参考的文件讲授或公开了本发明。很明白,这也并不意味着在此所述的市场上已供应的材料或制品已讲授或公开了本发明。
虽然本发明的特定的实例在此已作了图解与叙述,但很明确,对于本专业的技术人员来说,在不背离本发明的精神和范围的情况下,可以对其作出各种其他的改变和变形。
Claims (31)
1、一种吸收性物品它包括:
可透过液体的面层;
与上述面层接合的不透过液体的底层;以及
位于上述面层与底层之间的吸收性芯,其特征在于:上述吸收性芯由均匀的纤维混合体组成,纤维包括从天然纤维、合成纤维或交联的纤维素纤维组成的纤维组中选出的具第一种长度与第一种旦数的亲水性的第一组纤维与由较长的旦数较高的对湿气不敏感的合成纤维构成的第二组纤维,上述第二组纤维至少占上述的吸收性芯重量的5%,而上述吸收性芯的密度至少约0.09克/cm3。
2、如权利要求1所述的吸收性物品,其中第一组纤维中的纤维选自由至少下列类型的纤维之一组成的纤维组:棉纤维、纤维素纤维、气铺毛布、嫘萦、化学热机械木浆、磨碎的木头、高交联的纤维素纤维。
3、如权利要求1所述的吸收性物品,其中第一组纤维中的纤维是抗压缩的。
4、如权利要求1或3所述的吸收性物品,其中第一组纤维中的纤维是湿态与干态具有回弹性的。
5、如权利要求1所述的吸收性物品,其中第一组纤维中的纤维长度小于0.6cm。
6、如权利要求1所述的吸收性物品,其中第一组纤维中的纤维是合成纤维,其单丝旦数小于约6。
7、如权利要求1所述的吸收性物品,其中第二组纤维中的纤维选自至少包括下列材料之一的材料组:聚酯、聚丙烯、聚乙烯、尼龙、粘胶螺萦纤维、醋酸纤维素。
8、如权利要求1所述的吸收性物品,其中第二组纤维中的纤维包括毛细管纤维。
9、如权利要求1所述的吸收性物品,其中第二组纤维中的纤维是抗压缩的。
10、如权利要求1或9所述的吸收性物品,其中第二组纤维中的纤维是湿态和干态具有回弹性的。
11、如权利要求1所述的吸收性物品,其中第二组纤维中的纤维长度大于或等于0.6cm。
12、如权利要求1所述的吸收性物品,其中第二组纤维中的纤维长度大于或等于1.3cm。
13、如权利要求1所述的吸收性物品,其中第二组纤维中的纤维的单丝旦数为约4至约60。
14、如权利要求1所述的吸收性物品,其中第二组纤维中的纤维单丝旦数为约15至约30。
15、如权利要求1所述的吸收性物品,其中第二组纤维中的纤维单丝旦数为约15至约25。
16、如权利要求1所述的吸收性物品,其中第二组纤维中的纤维是卷曲的。
17、如权利要求16所述的吸收性物品,其中第二组纤维中的纤维中的纤维的卷曲数是每2.5cm线性长度5至7个。
18、如权利要求17所述的吸收性物品,其中第二组纤维中的纤维卷曲角度为约70°至约90°。
19、如权利要求1所述的吸收性物品,其中第二组纤维占上述吸收性芯的重量的约5%至约90%。
20、如权利要求1所述的吸收性物品,其中第二组纤维占上述吸收性芯的重量的约10%至约90%。
21、如权利要求20所述的吸收性物品,其中第二组纤维占上述吸收性芯的重量的约10%至约30%。
22、如权利要求1所述的吸收性物品,其中第二组纤维选自由下列纤维之一组成的纤维组:亲水的、憎水的、或部分亲水与部分憎水的。
23、如权利要求1所述的吸收性芯,其中上述吸收性芯的密度大于或等于0.09克/cm3并小于或等于约0.25克/cm3。
24、如权利要求1所述的吸收性芯,其中上述吸收性芯还含有吸收性水凝胶聚合物材料。
25、如权利要求24所述的吸收性芯,其中上述水凝胶聚合物材料可以以下述速率吸收合成尿液:在小于或等于约10秒钟时上述聚合物材料至少达到其吸收能力的40%。
26、如权利要求24或25所述的吸收性芯,其中上述吸收性水凝胶聚合物材料呈纤维状。
27、一种吸收性物品它包括:
可透过液体的面层;
与上述面层接合的不透过液体的底层;以及
位于面层与底层之间的吸收芯,其特征在于:上述吸收性具有位于均匀的纤维混合体内的许多吸收性水凝胶材料组成的微粒,上述纤维包括从天然纤维、合成纤维或交联的纤维素纤维组成的纤维组中选出的长度小于约0.6cm、单丝旦数小于约6并具抗压缩性、湿态及干态回弹力的第一组亲水纤维和聚酯纤维组成的第二组纤维,上述第二组纤维占除水凝胶材料微粒以外的吸收性芯重量的15%,第二组纤维中的纤维的长度大于或等于约1.3cm,单丝旦数约在15-25,卷曲数为每2.5cm的线性长度内约为5至7个且卷曲角约为70°至90°,并具有抗压缩性与湿态与干态回弹力,上述吸引性芯的密度为约0.09克/cm3至约0.25克/cm3之间。
28、一种用于吸收性物品的吸收性芯,上述吸收性芯包括从天然纤维、合成纤维或交联的纤维素纤维组成的纤维组中选出的短的、低旦的亲水纤维组成的第一组纤维均匀的纤维混合体以及由较长的高旦的合成纤维构成的第二组纤维,上述第二组纤维中的纤维在重量上至少占上述吸收性芯的约5%,同时上述吸收性芯具有至少约0.09克/cm3的密度。
29、如权利要求28所述的吸收性芯,其中当液体沉积在上述吸收性芯上时,上述吸收性芯接收液体的部分即变湿,而变湿部分的周围部分最初还仍然是干的,而上述浸湿的部分在潮湿的作用下开始膨胀,所以受湿部分的密度相对于周围未受湿部分较小,上述未受湿部分相对于受湿部分具有较高的密度,上述吸收性芯将扩散液体至相邻的未受湿部分。
30、制造用于吸收性物品的吸收性芯的方法,其特征在于它包括下列步骤:
(a).提供一种从天然纤维、合成纤维或交联的纤维素纤维组成的纤维组中选出的由亲水纤维组成的第一组纤维,上述纤维的长度小于约0.6cm、单丝旦数小于约6;
(b).提供一种由合成纤维组成的第二组纤维,其长度大于约0.6cm,单纤维的旦数约大于约6,上述第二组纤维中的纤维占第一与第二组纤维的总重量至少5%;
(c).把上述第一纤维组的纤维与第二纤维组的纤维混合成一张平幅材料;
(d).把上述混合型平幅材料压缩至至少约0.09克/cm3的密度。
31、如权利要求30所述的方法,它还包括一个补充的步骤,即在步骤(c)与(d)之间将纤维加以热粘。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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US96624092A | 1992-10-26 | 1992-10-26 | |
US966,240 | 1992-10-26 |
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CN1086122A true CN1086122A (zh) | 1994-05-04 |
CN1140241C CN1140241C (zh) | 2004-03-03 |
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EP (1) | EP0680302B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP3429760B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100249604B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1140241C (zh) |
AR (1) | AR246427A1 (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE155999T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU668902B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9207164A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2129359C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69221333T2 (zh) |
DK (1) | DK0680302T3 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2105209T3 (zh) |
GR (1) | GR3024319T3 (zh) |
HK (1) | HK1001715A1 (zh) |
MX (1) | MX9207357A (zh) |
MY (1) | MY122544A (zh) |
NZ (1) | NZ246422A (zh) |
SA (1) | SA93140063B1 (zh) |
SG (1) | SG72662A1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1994009737A1 (zh) |
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CN100341471C (zh) * | 1997-11-18 | 2007-10-10 | 亚利山大·马克西莫 | 制造由纤维素组成的使用于卫生制品内的纤维料幅的方法和设备 |
CN101242795B (zh) * | 2005-08-19 | 2012-06-20 | 宝洁公司 | 吸收制品 |
CN105362000A (zh) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-03-02 | 成都九十度工业产品设计有限公司 | 一种卫生巾 |
CN105362002A (zh) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-03-02 | 成都九十度工业产品设计有限公司 | 一种婴儿尿不湿 |
CN105362001A (zh) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-03-02 | 成都九十度工业产品设计有限公司 | 一种成人纸尿裤 |
CN105455955A (zh) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-04-06 | 成都九十度工业产品设计有限公司 | 一种卫生棉条 |
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US5486167A (en) * | 1991-01-03 | 1996-01-23 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Absorbent article having blended multi-layer absorbent structure with improved integrity |
US5460622A (en) * | 1991-01-03 | 1995-10-24 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Absorbent article having blended multi-layer absorbent structure with improved integrity |
JP3739393B2 (ja) * | 1993-11-16 | 2006-01-25 | ザ プロクター アンド ギャンブル カンパニー | 良好な結合性を備えた混合多層吸収構造体を有する吸収物品 |
DE69522825T2 (de) * | 1994-12-22 | 2002-04-11 | The Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati | Verbesserte passform einer windel mittels änderungen an hülle und kern |
US5718697A (en) * | 1995-12-14 | 1998-02-17 | Johnson & Johnson, Inc. | Liquid absorbent sphagnum moss article and method for manufacturing the absorbent article |
KR100447426B1 (ko) * | 1996-07-29 | 2005-01-25 | 주식회사 엘지생활건강 | 뭉침방지용 스크림을 갖는 일회용 흡수용품 |
SE512700C2 (sv) | 1997-02-04 | 2000-05-02 | Sca Hygiene Prod Ab | Absorberande alster med förbättrade ytegenskaper |
JP3409988B2 (ja) * | 1997-03-21 | 2003-05-26 | ユニ・チャーム株式会社 | 拭き取りシート |
EP0895766A1 (en) * | 1997-08-05 | 1999-02-10 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Anatomically shaped disposable absorbent article with high lobe resiliency |
US6436080B1 (en) | 1997-08-05 | 2002-08-20 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Anatomically shaped disposable absorbent article with high lobe resiliency |
US6368609B1 (en) | 1999-04-12 | 2002-04-09 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Absorbent structure including a thin, calendered airlaid composite and a process for making the composite |
EP1154937B1 (en) | 1998-12-10 | 2004-09-08 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | An absorbent structure including a thin, calendered airlaid composite and a process for making the composite |
JP3639451B2 (ja) * | 1999-01-20 | 2005-04-20 | ユニ・チャーム株式会社 | 生理用ナプキン |
SE9901539L (sv) * | 1999-04-27 | 2000-10-28 | Sca Hygiene Prod Ab | Absorberande struktur |
US6506959B2 (en) * | 2000-04-11 | 2003-01-14 | Kao Corporation | Absorbent article |
SE517119C2 (sv) * | 2000-04-13 | 2002-04-16 | Sca Hygiene Prod Ab | Dambinda med absorptionskroppen som sträcker sig kontinuerligt avsmalnande bakåt |
US6488670B1 (en) * | 2000-10-27 | 2002-12-03 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Corrugated absorbent system for hygienic products |
JP4146110B2 (ja) * | 2001-08-16 | 2008-09-03 | 王子製紙株式会社 | 吸収体及び吸収体製品 |
MX339288B (es) | 2011-11-08 | 2016-05-18 | Kimberly Clark Co | Articulo absorbente con miembro de estabilizacion. |
JP5709796B2 (ja) * | 2012-05-18 | 2015-04-30 | ユニ・チャーム株式会社 | 吸収性物品 |
EP4279048A1 (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2023-11-22 | Toiletry Sales Limited | An absorbent article |
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US4988345A (en) * | 1988-05-24 | 1991-01-29 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Absorbent articles with rapid acquiring absorbent cores |
US4992324A (en) * | 1988-09-12 | 1991-02-12 | Johnson & Johnson, Inc. | Absorbent flexible board |
JP2907916B2 (ja) * | 1990-01-29 | 1999-06-21 | ユニ・チャーム株式会社 | 着用体液吸収物品の吸収パネル |
SE465806B (sv) * | 1990-02-01 | 1991-11-04 | Moelnlycke Ab | Absorptionskropp foer att transportera vaetska i riktning mot ett absorberande skikt i ett foer engaangsanvaendning avsett absorberande alster |
DE4024053C2 (de) * | 1990-07-28 | 1999-04-08 | Kimberly Clark Gmbh | Saugkörper für hygienische Faserstoffprodukte und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
ES2069416T3 (es) * | 1991-01-03 | 1995-05-01 | Procter & Gamble | Articulo absorbente que tiene recepcion rapida, nucleo absorbente de capas multiples. |
-
1992
- 1992-12-09 AU AU32731/93A patent/AU668902B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1992-12-09 DE DE69221333T patent/DE69221333T2/de not_active Revoked
- 1992-12-09 BR BR9207164A patent/BR9207164A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-12-09 SG SG1996007863A patent/SG72662A1/en unknown
- 1992-12-09 CA CA002129359A patent/CA2129359C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-12-09 NZ NZ246422A patent/NZ246422A/en unknown
- 1992-12-09 AT AT93901417T patent/ATE155999T1/de active
- 1992-12-09 ES ES93901417T patent/ES2105209T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-12-09 EP EP93901417A patent/EP0680302B1/en not_active Revoked
- 1992-12-09 KR KR1019950701591A patent/KR100249604B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-12-09 JP JP50268094A patent/JP3429760B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-12-09 WO PCT/US1992/010609 patent/WO1994009737A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1992-12-09 DK DK93901417.1T patent/DK0680302T3/da active
- 1992-12-17 MY MYPI92002326A patent/MY122544A/en unknown
- 1992-12-17 CN CNB921152396A patent/CN1140241C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-12-17 MX MX9207357A patent/MX9207357A/es unknown
- 1992-12-17 AR AR92323913A patent/AR246427A1/es active
-
1993
- 1993-07-21 SA SA93140063A patent/SA93140063B1/ar unknown
-
1997
- 1997-07-31 GR GR970401653T patent/GR3024319T3/el unknown
-
1998
- 1998-01-23 HK HK98100651A patent/HK1001715A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (9)
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CN100341471C (zh) * | 1997-11-18 | 2007-10-10 | 亚利山大·马克西莫 | 制造由纤维素组成的使用于卫生制品内的纤维料幅的方法和设备 |
CN101242795B (zh) * | 2005-08-19 | 2012-06-20 | 宝洁公司 | 吸收制品 |
CN105362000A (zh) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-03-02 | 成都九十度工业产品设计有限公司 | 一种卫生巾 |
CN105362002A (zh) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-03-02 | 成都九十度工业产品设计有限公司 | 一种婴儿尿不湿 |
CN105362001A (zh) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-03-02 | 成都九十度工业产品设计有限公司 | 一种成人纸尿裤 |
CN105455955A (zh) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-04-06 | 成都九十度工业产品设计有限公司 | 一种卫生棉条 |
CN105362002B (zh) * | 2015-11-30 | 2018-11-30 | 北京爸爸的选择科技有限公司 | 一种婴儿尿不湿 |
CN105362000B (zh) * | 2015-11-30 | 2019-01-04 | 广东春本科技有限公司 | 一种卫生巾 |
CN105963077A (zh) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-09-28 | 尤学敏 | 一种氨基酸卫生巾蜂窝式芯体的制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN1140241C (zh) | 2004-03-03 |
CA2129359C (en) | 1999-03-16 |
CA2129359A1 (en) | 1994-05-11 |
EP0680302B1 (en) | 1997-07-30 |
WO1994009737A1 (en) | 1994-05-11 |
DE69221333D1 (de) | 1997-09-04 |
MX9207357A (es) | 1994-04-29 |
DE69221333T2 (de) | 1997-11-20 |
DK0680302T3 (da) | 1997-09-15 |
ATE155999T1 (de) | 1997-08-15 |
HK1001715A1 (en) | 1998-07-03 |
JPH08502177A (ja) | 1996-03-12 |
BR9207164A (pt) | 1995-12-12 |
SG72662A1 (en) | 2000-05-23 |
KR950703911A (ko) | 1995-11-17 |
AU3273193A (en) | 1994-05-24 |
GR3024319T3 (en) | 1997-10-31 |
AU668902B2 (en) | 1996-05-23 |
AR246427A1 (es) | 1994-08-31 |
ES2105209T3 (es) | 1997-10-16 |
KR100249604B1 (ko) | 2000-03-15 |
NZ246422A (en) | 1996-05-28 |
EP0680302A1 (en) | 1995-11-08 |
JP3429760B2 (ja) | 2003-07-22 |
MY122544A (en) | 2006-04-29 |
SA93140063B1 (ar) | 2004-08-29 |
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