CN108592993B - Deep seafloor boundary layer dynamic observation device and method - Google Patents
Deep seafloor boundary layer dynamic observation device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108592993B CN108592993B CN201810276805.7A CN201810276805A CN108592993B CN 108592993 B CN108592993 B CN 108592993B CN 201810276805 A CN201810276805 A CN 201810276805A CN 108592993 B CN108592993 B CN 108592993B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of deep seafloor boundary layer dynamic observation device and methods, the observation device includes bottom contact switch and feeler lever, affiliated bottom contact switch includes hook, pilotage weight, triggering cable, armored cable, bottoms out controller, triggering receiver and driving unit, the feeler lever includes overhead bin and the body of rod, and corrosion resistant metal guide vane and hanging ring are formed on the overhead bin；The body of rod top is cylindrical, lower part is in coniform, and junction is provided with high-intensitive grid baffle, is formed with several electrode sequences on the body of rod.Its method includes: that interior rectifies an instrument, and using auxiliary ship positionning and lays observation device, is controlled according to design early period and bottom contact switch, feeler lever a part is made to be inserted into sea bed, and periodic measurement simultaneously corrects, and can get marine boundary layer change procedure.The configuration of the present invention is simple, easy to operate, reliable operation, can adapt to deep-sea high-pressure environment, be observed record to certain depth range above and below seabed interface, and can monitor the variation of sea bed elevation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Ocean Surveying technical fields, specifically, being to be related to deep seafloor boundary layer dynamic observation device
And method.
Background technique
The range of marine boundary layer refers to seabed interface up and down in a certain range, the area of hydrodynamic force and sea bed interaction
Domain, the region had not only included the water flow disturbed but also had included the sedimentary that sea bed or less is disturbed.It is frequently sent out in marine boundary layer
Dynamic process is given birth to, is the important channel for realizing sea bed and seawater mass exchange.Marine boundary layer dynamic change is dynamic for deep-sea
Under power effect, sediment erosion suspends and absmal deposit evolutionary process is significant.
The observation method of marine boundary layer is mainly: scene routine water body sampling suction filtration, optics back scattering technology, scene
Laser particle analyzer and acoustic technique.Current technology can only observe the change information in sea bed face or more or sea bed face, sea bed circle
All observation needs a variety of instruments, many measuring methods INTEGRATED SIGHT up and down in face, not only complicated for operation, costly but also each
Complicated unified correction is needed between technology.Be badly in need of at present it is a kind of be applied to deep seafloor, can not only observe inside sea bed but also can
To observe the instrument of variation of seawater.The present invention will fill up this vacancy, push the dynamic observation in China's deep seafloor boundary layer
Progress.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of deep seafloor boundary layer dynamic observation device and methods, to realize deep-sea sea
The in-situ synchronization of bottom edge interlayer is observed, and not only includes sea bed surface deposit, but also the potential value including suspended matter inside nearly bottom water body
Variation.
The adopted technical solution is that
A kind of deep seafloor boundary layer dynamic observation device and method, which is characterized in that the observation device includes touching
Bottom switch and feeler lever, affiliated bottom contact switch connect including hook, pilotage weight, triggering cable, armored cable, intelligent controller, triggering
Device and driving unit are received, intelligent controller is connected by input circuit with triggering receiver, and triggering receiver is connected with triggering cable,
Intelligent receiver is connected by output circuit with driving unit.The feeler lever includes overhead bin and the body of rod, the body of rod with it is described
The primary processor of overhead bin connection, the overhead bin is connected by armored cable with the intelligent controller of bottom contact switch.The overhead bin is
Corrosion-resistant metal is made, and corrosion resistant metal guide vane and hanging ring are formed on overhead bin, built-in power, master are formed in overhead bin
Processor, memory, data acquisition circuit, sensing circuit, acceleration transducer and attitude transducer, based on the built-in power
Processor, data acquisition circuit and the sensing circuit power supply, the primary processor respectively with the data acquisition circuit and biography
Inductive circuit connection, the sensing circuit are connect with acceleration transducer and attitude transducer.
After the pilotage weight bottoms out, triggering receiver obtains signal by triggering cable, and is passed to by input circuit
Intelligent controller, intelligent controller starts driving unit by output circuit and discharges feeler lever, while emitting to feeler lever primary processor
Signal.
Several electrode sequences are formed on the body of rod, the electrode sequence is mounted on described in the form communicated with the outside world
On the body of rod, the electrode sequence is connect by being located at the intracorporal conducting wire of the bar with data acquisition circuit, and any four are adjacent
The electrode forms an electrode group, and intermediate two are measuring electrode, and both ends are current electrode.The primary processor obtains intelligence
After the signal of controller transmitting, data acquisition circuit is controlled as current electrode power supply, and measure two measuring electrodes
Between potential difference.
The body of rod includes insulation tube and the corrosion resistance high duty metal pipe that is formed in inside the insulation tube, it is described absolutely
Edge pipe is spaced along its length is formed with several grooves, and the electrode is formed in each groove.It is described resistance to
Corrosivity high duty metal pipe one end is formed with tapered portion, has conducting wire to pass through inside the corrosion resistance high duty metal pipe, and
Conducting wire connection circuit board is formed in the other end.
Utilize a kind of deep seafloor boundary layer dynamic observation device and method, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
1) indoor correction test is carried out using observation device, simulates true sea bed situation, determined in interior sea bed and water body
Potential difference and variation characteristic；
Obtain correction factor f；
2) observation device and bottom contact switch being detected and is arranged, it is ensured that all the sensors are in normal operating conditions,
Then it installs and is sealed into overhead bin, feeler lever is connected with bottom contact switch by hanging ring, while feeler lever overhead bin internal main processor is also
It is connected by the intelligent controller of armored cable and bottom contact switch, armored cable is also connected with hook, and armored cable can both lead to
News again can load-bearing；
3) according to the substrate data of target point and dynamic sounding data, the static point resistance and side for calculating the point sea bed rub
Resistance simultaneously determines pile penetration, accordingly the suitable triggering cable length of design and ring-shaped weight, it is ensured that sea bed can be inserted in the body of rod；
4) support vessel is reached into target point using the GPS positioning system of support vessel；
5) observation device is lifted by crane by the upper hook of bottom contact switch using boat-carrying boom hoisting and cloth cable laying, under be put into
Sea to sea bed surface keeps cloth cable laying in a vertical state during laying；
6) after pilotage weight touches sea bed surface, triggering receiver sends a signal to intelligent controller, and intelligent controller is logical
It crosses output circuit and sends a signal to driving unit, and signal is emitted to feeler lever master controller by armored cable, driving unit opens
Move and discharge feeler lever, feeler lever is inserted into sea bed by self gravity in a manner of freely falling body, the feeler lever weight that is designed by early period and
Cable length is triggered, the different feature of diameter above and below feeler lever and included high-intensitive grid baffle are utilized, it can be ensured that feeler lever a part
It is inserted into sea bed, another part is located in water body, after feeler lever master controller receives the signal of bottom contact switch, according to what is set in advance
Period measures work；
7) after in-situ observation end cycle, support vessel lifts by crane observation device by recycling hawser, and bottom contact switch is logical at this time
It crosses armored cable and drives feeler lever, the two is recycled together；
8) the observation data for reading memory, using the real-time potential difference of the electrode of all acquisitions, according to following public affairs
Formula obtains Real-Time Ocean soil resistivity:
Wherein,For geometrical factor, ρ is soil body resistivity, and Δ U is measuring section potential difference, I
For supply current intensity, a is two neighboring measuring electrode spacing, and b is annular electro polar circle radius；
Correction factor f is obtained using house data, corrects the result；
Then the correction that elevation variation is carried out by the data that attitude transducer records, is recorded by acceleration transducer
Data carry out depth correction, finally obtain the change procedure of vertical resistivity.
9) marine boundary layer determines method: resistivity the best part is sea-bed resistivity, first maximum with thereon
The midpoint of one minimum is sea bed face, and top is seawater resistivity, and wherein the smallest part of resistivity is uninfluenced sea
Water, value part is water boundary layer in resistivity.The data for comparing different measurement periods can be obtained marine boundary layer and change
Journey.
The method have the benefit that:
Compared with prior art, operation of the present invention is simple, observation is accurate, and sea area can be laid to observation device and carries out sea bed
It is observed while suspended matter potential value inside surface deposit and nearly bottom water body, can accurately reflect sediment properties inside sea bed
Variation inside the variation of variation and extra large bed elevation, and nearly bottom seawater.Device in the present invention can be recycled again sharp
With, have very strong reusing, observation cost can be greatlyd save.Sea bed surface layer, sea bed face can be thus achieved in a kind of instrument
With the observation of nearly three elements of bottom seawater, branch is provided to the variation of marine boundary layer caused by drive marine is further deeply recognized
It holds, is the development trend of the following oceanographic observation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of overall structure diagram of deep seafloor boundary layer dynamic observation device of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of observation device feeler lever of the present invention；
The sectional view of Fig. 3 observation device bottom contact switch of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a kind of flow diagram of deep seafloor boundary layer dynamic observation device and method of the present invention.
Fig. 5 observation device of the present invention lays removal process figure.
Fig. 6 is the marine boundary layer resistivity curve schematic diagram that the present invention measures
I- bottom contact switch in figure, II-feeler lever, 1- pilotage weight, 2- trigger cable, 3- shell, 4- armored cable, 5- water conservancy diversion leaf
Piece, 6- overhead bin, 7- hanging ring, the 8- body of rod, 9- ring-shaped weight block, 10- insulation tube, 11- corrosion resistant metal pipe, 12- conducting wire, 13- electricity
Pole sequence, 14- grid baffle, 15- trigger receiver, and 16- bottoms out controller, 17- hook, 18- driving unit.
Specific embodiment
Such as Fig. 1-3, a kind of deep seafloor boundary layer dynamic observation device, it is characterised in that include bottom contact switch I and spy
Bar II, the feeler lever II include the overhead bin 6 made of resistant material and the body of rod 8 for being connected to 6 bottom of overhead bin, 6 outside of overhead bin
Be equipped with hook 7 equipped with guide vane 5, top, be equipped in overhead bin 6 built-in power, primary processor, memory, data acquisition circuit,
Sensing circuit, acceleration transducer and attitude transducer；The primary processor is electric with the data acquisition circuit and sensing respectively
Road connection, the sensing circuit are connect with acceleration transducer and attitude transducer；8 bottom of the body of rod is in coniform, the circle of the body of rod 8
The above are cylindrical parts for tapering portions, and cylindrical part and cone portion junction are provided with grid baffle 14, bar
8 upper outside face of body is installed by annular clump weight 9；
8 lateral surface of the body of rod is equipped with the electrode 13 of several annulars, to form electrode sequence, the electrode 13 is by being located at
Conducting wire 12 in the body of rod 8 is connect with the data acquisition circuit in overhead bin 6, and four electrodes 13 of arbitrary neighborhood form an electrode
Group, intermediate two are measuring electrode, and both ends are current electrode；The primary processor control data acquisition circuit is the power supply electricity
Pole power supply, and measure the potential difference between two measuring electrodes；
The bottom contact switch I includes shell 3, triggering cable 2 and pilotage weight 1, and triggering receiver 15 is equipped in shell 3, is driven
Moving cell 18 and control unit 16 is bottomed out, bottoms out control unit 16 and be connected by triggering receiver 15 with triggering cable 2, triggering cable 2
The other end is connected with pilotage weight 1, and shell 3 is connected by armored cable 4 with the overhead bin 6, and hook 17 is additionally provided at the top of shell 3
(or hanging ring).
The kind deep seafloor boundary layer dynamic observation device, it is characterised in that the body of rod 8 includes 10 He of insulation tube
Corrosion resistant metal pipe 11 inside the insulation tube 10, the insulation tube 10 are spaced form multiple grooves along its length, often
One electrode 13 is installed in a groove；13 bottom end of corrosion resistant metal pipe forms cone tip part, the corrosion-resistant gold
Belonging to inside pipe 13 has conducting wire 12 to pass through, and is integrated in conducting wire patch diskette in the other end of corrosion resistant metal pipe 13.
A kind of deep seafloor boundary layer dynamic observation device, it is characterised in that the body of rod 8 includes insulation tube 10
With the corrosion resistant metal pipe 11 inside the insulation tube 10, the insulation tube 10 is spaced forms multiple grooves along its length,
One electrode 13 is installed in each groove；13 bottom end of corrosion resistant metal pipe forms cone tip part, described corrosion-resistant
There is conducting wire 12 to pass through inside metal tube 13, conducting wire 12 connects the data acquisition circuit in 6 in each electrode 13 and overhead bin.
Deep seafloor boundary layer dynamic observation method of the invention specifically includes that
Observation device is corrected by indoor correction test, observation device and bottom contact switch are detected and be arranged, is utilized
Support vessel loads observation device, and reaches target point, lays observation device using support vessel quarter deck boom hoisting, cloth discharges
Record is observed according to the period of setting at rear device, is recycled after in-situ observation end cycle, by analyzing and correcting
Data can get marine boundary layer change procedure.
It is done as described below below with reference to the step of Fig. 4-5 pairs of the present embodiment:
The method for observing deep seafloor boundary layer using above-described observation device dynamic, it is characterised in that including following
Step:
1) indoor correction test:
1.1) observation device is inserted into large-scale simulation sink first；
1.2) true sea bed erosion and depositing process are then simulated, and using in laser range finder accurate measurement whole process
The variation of sea bed elevation, while being measured using the observation device for the electrode (13) for being equipped with several annulars；
1.3) measurement result of the observation device and the measurement result of laser range finder are compared, the sight of the observation device is established
The relationship for surveying result and sea bed real change, obtains correction factor f；
Using correction factor f, Real-Time Ocean soil resistivity calculation formula is established:
Wherein, f is correction factor,For geometrical factor, ρ is soil body resistivity, and Δ U is to survey
Section potential difference is measured, I is supply current intensity, and a is two neighboring measuring electrode spacing, and b is annular electro polar circle radius；
2) observation device is detected and is arranged, it is ensured that all the sensors are in normal operating conditions, then will own
Sensor is installed to be sealed into overhead bin 6, and feeler lever II is connected by the hook 7 at top with the driving unit of bottom contact switch I, simultaneously
Primary processor inside overhead bin 6 also passes through armored cable 4 and connect with the control unit that bottoms out inside bottom contact switch I, armored cable 4
Not only it can communicate but also can load-bearing；
3) according to the substrate data of target point and dynamic sounding data, the static point resistance and side for calculating the point sea bed rub
Resistance simultaneously determines pile penetration, designs ring-shaped weight accordingly, it is ensured that sea bed can be inserted in the body of rod；And it is triggered according to sea water advanced setting
The length of cable 2；
4) support vessel is reached into target point using the GPS positioning system of support vessel；
5) observation device is lifted by crane by hanging ring at the top of bottom contact switch I using boat-carrying boom hoisting and cloth cable laying, towards sea bed
It is put into sea under surface direction, keeps cloth cable laying in a vertical state during laying；
6) the pilotage weight 1 of bottom contact switch I is transferred with entire observation device, after pilotage weight 1 touches sea bed surface first,
Triggering receiver 15, which is sent a signal in bottom contact switch I, bottoms out controller 16, bottoms out controller 16 and issues to driving unit 18
Signal is controlled, while bottoming out controller 16 and signal, driving unit 18 is issued by master controller of the armored cable 4 into overhead bin 6
Start and discharge feeler lever II, feeler lever II is inserted into sea bed by self gravity in a manner of freely falling body in seawater, utilizes the bottom feeler lever II
Portion's circular cone and included grid baffle 14, make feeler lever II a part be inserted into sea bed, and another part is located in water body, the master of feeler lever II
Controller receives bottom out signal after, work is measured according to the period set in advance；
7) after in-situ observation end cycle, support vessel lifts by crane observation device by recycling hawser, and bottom contact switch I is logical at this time
It crosses armored cable and drives feeler lever II, the two is recycled together；
8) the observation data for reading memory establish Real-Time Ocean soil resistivity calculation formula using step 1, calculate entire
Then observation process ocean soil change in resistance process carries out the correction of elevation variation by the data that attitude transducer records,
Depth correction is carried out by the data that acceleration transducer records, finally obtains the change procedure of vertical resistivity；
9) determination of marine boundary layer: resistivity the best part is sea-bed resistivity, first maximum and thereon one
The midpoint of a minimum is sea bed face, and top is seawater resistivity, and wherein the smallest part of resistivity is uninfluenced seawater,
Value part is water boundary layer in resistivity；
10) above step 1-9 is repeated in different cycles, compares the data of different measurement periods to get marine boundary layer is arrived
Dynamic changing process.
Attached drawing 6 is the marine boundary layer potential difference curve synoptic diagram measured using the method for above-described embodiment, in conjunction with attached drawing
6, marine boundary layer determines method are as follows: resistivity the best part is sea-bed resistivity, first maximum and a pole thereon
The midpoint of small value is sea bed face, and top is seawater resistivity, and wherein the smallest part of resistivity is uninfluenced seawater, resistance
Value part is marine boundary layer in rate.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of method using deep seafloor boundary layer dynamic observation device observation deep seafloor boundary layer, it is characterised in that institute
The deep seafloor boundary layer dynamic observation device stated includes bottom contact switch (I) and feeler lever (II), and the feeler lever (II) includes by resistance to
Overhead bin made of corrosion material (6) and the body of rod (8) for being connected to overhead bin (6) bottom, be equipped on the outside of overhead bin (6) guide vane (5),
Top is equipped with hanging ring (7), be equipped in overhead bin (6) built-in power, primary processor, memory, data acquisition circuit, sensing circuit,
Acceleration transducer and attitude transducer；The primary processor is connect with the data acquisition circuit and sensing circuit respectively, institute
Sensing circuit is stated to connect with acceleration transducer and attitude transducer；The body of rod (8) bottom in coniform, the body of rod (8) it is coniform
The above are cylindrical parts for part, and cylindrical part and cone portion junction are provided with grid baffle (14), the body of rod
(8) annular clump weight (9) is installed in upper outside face；
The body of rod (8) lateral surface is equipped with the electrode (13) of several annulars, to form electrode sequence, the electrode (13) passes through position
It is connect in the conducting wire (12) in the body of rod (8) with the data acquisition circuit in overhead bin (6), four electrodes (13) of arbitrary neighborhood are formed
One electrode group, intermediate two are measuring electrode, and both ends are current electrode；The primary processor control data acquisition circuit is institute
Current electrode power supply is stated, and measures the potential difference between two measuring electrodes；
The bottom contact switch (I) includes shell (3), triggering cable (2) and pilotage weight (1), and triggering receiver is equipped in shell (3)
(15), it driving unit (18) and bottoms out controller (16), bottoms out controller (16) and pass through triggering receiver (15) and triggering cable (2)
It is connected, triggering cable (2) other end is connected with pilotage weight (1), and shell (3) passes through armored cable (4) and the overhead bin (6) phase
Even, hook (17) are additionally provided at the top of shell (3)；
The body of rod (8) includes the corrosion resistant metal pipe (11) of insulation tube (10) and the insulation tube (10) inside, the insulation
Interval forms multiple grooves to pipe (10) along its length, installs an electrode (13) in each groove；It is described resistance to
Corrode metal tube (11) bottom end and form cone tip part, there is conducting wire (12) to pass through inside the corrosion resistant metal pipe (11), conducting wire (12)
The data acquisition circuit in each electrode (13) and overhead bin (6) is connected inside metal tube；
The method in the observation deep seafloor boundary layer, comprising the following steps:
1) indoor correction test:
1.1) observation device is inserted into large-scale simulation sink first；
1.2) true sea bed erosion and depositing process are then simulated, and uses sea bed in laser range finder accurate measurement whole process
Elevation variation, while being measured using the observation device for the electrode (13) for being equipped with several annulars；
1.3) measurement result of the observation device and the measurement result of laser range finder are compared, the observation knot of the observation device is established
The relationship of fruit and sea bed real change obtains correction factor f；
Using correction factor f, Real-Time Ocean soil resistivity calculation formula is established:
Wherein, f is correction factor,For geometrical factor, ρ is soil body resistivity, and Δ U is measuring section
Potential difference, I are supply current intensity, and a is two neighboring measuring electrode spacing, and b is annular electro polar circle radius；
2) observation device is detected and is arranged, it is ensured that all the sensors are in normal operating conditions, then by all sensings
Device is installed to be sealed into overhead bin (6), and feeler lever (II) is connected by the hanging ring (7) at top with the driving unit of bottom contact switch (I),
The internal primary processor of overhead bin (6) also passes through armored cable (4) and bottom contact switch (I) internal control unit that bottoms out and connects simultaneously
It connects, armored cable (4) can not only communicate but also can load-bearing；
3) according to the substrate data of target point and dynamic sounding data, the static point resistance and side friction of the point sea bed are calculated
And determine pile penetration, ring-shaped weight is designed accordingly, it is ensured that sea bed can be inserted in the body of rod；And cable is triggered according to sea water advanced setting
(2) length；
4) support vessel is reached into target point using the GPS positioning system of support vessel；
5) observation device is lifted by crane by hook (17) at the top of bottom contact switch (I) using boat-carrying boom hoisting and cloth cable laying, seaward
It is put into sea under bed surface direction, keeps cloth cable laying in a vertical state during laying；
6) the pilotage weight (1) of bottom contact switch (I) is transferred with entire observation device, and pilotage weight (1) touches sea bed surface first
Afterwards, triggering receiver (15), which is sent a signal in bottom contact switch (I), bottoms out controller (16), bottoms out controller (16) to driving
Unit (18) issues control signal, while bottoming out the primary processor hair of controller (16) by armored cable (4) into overhead bin (6)
Signal out, driving unit (18) start and discharge feeler lever (II), and feeler lever (II) is by self gravity with the side of freely falling body in seawater
Formula is inserted into sea bed, using feeler lever (II) bottom circular cone and included grid baffle (14), makes feeler lever (II) a part insertion sea bed,
Another part is located in water body, the primary processor of feeler lever (II) receives bottom out signal after, carried out according to period for setting in advance
Measure work；
7) after in-situ observation end cycle, support vessel lifts by crane observation device by recycling hawser, and bottom contact switch (I) passes through at this time
Armored cable drives feeler lever (II), and the two is recycled together；
8) the observation data for reading memory establish Real-Time Ocean soil resistivity calculation formula using step 1), calculate entire see
Then survey process ocean soil change in resistance process is carried out the correction of elevation variation by the data that attitude transducer records, led to
The data for crossing acceleration transducer record carry out depth correction, finally obtain the change procedure of vertical resistivity；
9) determination of marine boundary layer: resistivity the best part is sea-bed resistivity, first maximum and a pole thereon
The midpoint of small value is sea bed face, and top is seawater resistivity, and wherein the smallest part of resistivity is uninfluenced seawater, resistance
Value part is marine boundary layer in rate；
10) above step 1 is repeated in different cycles) -9), the data of different measurement periods are compared to get marine boundary layer is arrived
Dynamic changing process.
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