CN108592993A - Deep seafloor boundary layer dynamic observation device and method - Google Patents
Deep seafloor boundary layer dynamic observation device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种深海海底边界层动态观测装置和方法，所述观测装置包括触底开关和探杆，所属触底开关包括挂钩、引航重锤、触发缆、铠装电缆、触底控制器、触发接收器和驱动单元，所述探杆包括有顶舱和杆体，所述顶舱上形成有耐腐蚀金属导流叶片和吊环；所述杆体上部呈圆柱状、下部呈圆锥状，在交接处设置有高强度格栅挡片，杆体上形成有若干个电极序列。其方法包括：室内校正仪器，利用辅助船定位及布放观测装置，根据前期设计和触底开关控制，使探杆一部分插入海床，周期性测量并校正，可获得海底边界层变化过程。本发明结构简单、操作方便、工作可靠，能够适应深海高压环境，对海床界面上下一定深度范围进行观测记录，并可监测海床高程变化。
The invention discloses a dynamic observation device and method for a deep seabed boundary layer. The observation device includes a bottoming switch and a probe rod, and the bottoming switch includes a hook, a pilot weight, a trigger cable, an armored cable, and a bottoming controller , a trigger receiver and a drive unit, the probe rod includes a top cabin and a rod body, and corrosion-resistant metal guide vanes and suspension rings are formed on the top cabin; the upper part of the rod body is cylindrical, and the lower part is conical. A high-strength grid block is set at the center, and several electrode sequences are formed on the rod body. The method includes: indoor calibration of instruments, use of auxiliary ships to locate and deploy observation devices, according to preliminary design and bottoming switch control, part of the probe rod is inserted into the seabed, periodically measured and corrected, and the change process of the seabed boundary layer can be obtained. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and reliable operation, can adapt to the deep-sea high-pressure environment, observe and record a certain depth range above and below the seabed interface, and can monitor seabed elevation changes.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于海洋测量技术领域，具体地说，是涉及深海海底边界层动态观测装置和方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of marine measurement, in particular to a dynamic observation device and method for a deep seabed boundary layer.
背景技术Background technique
海底边界层的范围是指海床界面上下一定范围内，水动力与海床相互作用的区域，该区域既包含受扰动的水流又包括海床以下受到扰动的沉积层。海底边界层内频繁发生着动力过程，是实现海床与海水物质交换的重要途径。海底边界层动态变化对于深海动力作用下，沉积物侵蚀悬浮和深海沉积演化过程意义重大。The scope of the seabed boundary layer refers to the area where hydrodynamic forces interact with the seabed within a certain range above and below the seabed interface. This area contains both disturbed currents and disturbed sedimentary layers below the seabed. Dynamic processes frequently occur in the seabed boundary layer, which is an important way to realize the material exchange between the seabed and seawater. The dynamic changes of the seafloor boundary layer are of great significance to the erosion and suspension of sediments and the evolution of deep-sea sediments under the action of deep-sea dynamics.
海底边界层的观测手段主要是：现场常规水体采样抽滤、光学后向散射技术、现场激光粒度仪和声学技术。目前的技术仅可以观测海床面以上或海床面的变化信息，海床界面上下全部观测需要多种仪器、多种测量方法综合观测，不仅操作复杂、花费巨大，而且各技术之间需要复杂的统一校正。目前急需一种应用于深海海底，既可以观测海床内部又可以观测海水变化的仪器。本发明将填补这一空缺，推动我国深海海底边界层的动态观测的进步。The observation methods of the seabed boundary layer mainly include: on-site conventional water sampling and filtration, optical backscattering technology, on-site laser particle size analyzer and acoustic technology. The current technology can only observe the change information above or above the seabed surface. All observations above and below the seabed interface require multiple instruments and multiple measurement methods for comprehensive observation. unified correction. At present, there is an urgent need for an instrument that can be applied to the deep seabed, which can not only observe the interior of the seabed but also observe the changes of seawater. The invention will fill up this vacancy and promote the progress of the dynamic observation of the deep seabed boundary layer in our country.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种深海海底边界层动态观测装置和方法，以实现深海海底边界层的原位同步观测，既包括海床表层沉积物，又包括近底水体内部悬浮物的电位值变化。The object of the present invention is to provide a dynamic observation device and method for the deep seabed boundary layer, to realize the in-situ synchronous observation of the deep seabed boundary layer, including both the seabed surface sediment and the potential value change of the suspended matter in the near bottom water body .
本发明所采用的技术解决方案是The technical solution adopted in the present invention is
一种深海海底边界层动态观测装置和方法，其特征在于，所述观测装置包括有触底开关和探杆，所属触底开关包括挂钩、引航重锤、触发缆、铠装电缆、智能控制器、触发接收器和驱动单元，智能控制器通过输入电路与触发接收器相连，触发接收器与触发缆相连，智能接收器通过输出电路与驱动单元相连。所述探杆包括有顶舱和杆体，所述杆体与所述顶舱连接，所述顶舱的主处理器通过铠装电缆与触底开关的智能控制器相连。所述顶舱为耐腐蚀性金属制成，顶舱上形成有耐腐蚀金属导流叶片和吊环，顶舱内形成有内置电源、主处理器、存储器、数据采集电路、传感电路、加速度传感器和姿态传感器，所述内置电源为主处理器、数据采集电路、及所述传感电路供电，所述主处理器分别与所述数据采集电路和传感电路连接，所述传感电路与加速度传感器和姿态传感器连接。A deep seabed boundary layer dynamic observation device and method, characterized in that the observation device includes a bottoming switch and a probe rod, and the bottoming switch includes a hook, a pilot weight, a trigger cable, an armored cable, and an intelligent controller 1. The trigger receiver and the drive unit, the intelligent controller is connected with the trigger receiver through the input circuit, the trigger receiver is connected with the trigger cable, and the intelligent receiver is connected with the drive unit through the output circuit. The probe rod includes a top compartment and a rod body, the rod body is connected with the top compartment, and the main processor of the top compartment is connected with the intelligent controller of the bottom touch switch through an armored cable. The top compartment is made of corrosion-resistant metal, and there are corrosion-resistant metal guide vanes and suspension rings formed on the top compartment, and a built-in power supply, main processor, memory, data acquisition circuit, sensor circuit, and acceleration sensor are formed in the top compartment. and the attitude sensor, the built-in power supply supplies power to the main processor, the data acquisition circuit, and the sensing circuit, the main processor is connected to the data acquisition circuit and the sensing circuit respectively, and the sensing circuit is connected to the acceleration sensor and attitude sensor connection.
所述引航重锤触底后，触发接收器通过触发缆得到信号，并通过输入电路传递给智能控制器，智能控制器通过输出电路启动驱动单元释放探杆，同时向探杆主处理器发射信号。After the pilot weight touches the bottom, the trigger receiver gets a signal through the trigger cable, and transmits it to the intelligent controller through the input circuit, and the intelligent controller starts the drive unit to release the probe through the output circuit, and at the same time sends a signal to the main processor of the probe .
所述杆体上形成有若干电极序列，所述电极序列以与外界相通的形式安装在所述杆体上，所述电极序列通过位于所述杆体内的导线与数据采集电路连接，任意四个相邻的所述电极形成一个电极组，中间两个为测量电极，两端为供电电极。所述主处理器得到智能控制器发射的信号后，控制数据采集电路为所述供电电极供电，并测量两个所述测量电极间的电位差。A plurality of electrode sequences are formed on the rod body, and the electrode sequences are installed on the rod body in the form of communicating with the outside world. The electrode sequences are connected to the data acquisition circuit through wires located in the rod body, and any four adjacent The electrodes form an electrode group, the middle two are measuring electrodes, and the two ends are power supply electrodes. After the main processor receives the signal transmitted by the intelligent controller, it controls the data acquisition circuit to supply power to the power supply electrodes, and measures the potential difference between the two measurement electrodes.
所述杆体包括绝缘管和形成在所述绝缘管内部的耐腐蚀性高强度金属管，所述绝缘管沿其长度方向间隔形成有若干个凹槽，每个所述凹槽内形成有一个所述电极。所述耐腐蚀性高强度金属管一端形成有锥形部，所述耐腐蚀性高强度金属管内部有导线穿过，并在另一端形成有导线连接电路板。The rod body includes an insulating tube and a corrosion-resistant high-strength metal tube formed inside the insulating tube. Several grooves are formed at intervals along the length of the insulating tube, and each groove is formed with a the electrodes. A tapered portion is formed at one end of the corrosion-resistant high-strength metal tube, and a wire passes through the interior of the corrosion-resistant high-strength metal tube, and a wire is formed at the other end to connect to a circuit board.
利用一种深海海底边界层动态观测装置和方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤:Utilize a kind of deep seabed boundary layer dynamic observation device and method, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1)使用观测装置进行室内校正试验，模拟真实海床情况，确定室内海床及水体中电位差和变化特征；1) Use the observation device to conduct indoor calibration tests, simulate the real seabed conditions, and determine the potential difference and change characteristics of the indoor seabed and water bodies;
得到修正系数f；Get the correction factor f;
2)将观测装置和触底开关进行检测和设置，确保所有传感器处于正常工作状态，然后安装入顶舱进行密封，探杆和触底开关通过吊环相连，同时探杆顶舱内部主处理器还通过铠装电缆与触底开关的智能控制器连接，铠装电缆还与挂钩连接，铠装电缆既可以通讯又可承重；2) Detect and set the observation device and the bottom touch switch to ensure that all sensors are in normal working condition, and then install them into the top cabin for sealing. The probe rod and bottom touch switch are connected through the lifting ring. The armored cable is connected to the intelligent controller of the bottom switch, and the armored cable is also connected to the hook. The armored cable can communicate and bear weight;
3)根据目标点位的底质资料及动力触探资料，计算该点位海床的锥尖阻力和侧摩阻力并确定贯入度，据此设计合适的触发缆长度和环形配重，确保杆体可以插入海床；3) According to the bottom material data and dynamic sounding data of the target point, calculate the cone tip resistance and side friction resistance of the seabed at the point and determine the penetration degree, and design the appropriate trigger cable length and ring counterweight accordingly to ensure The rod body can be inserted into the seabed;
4)利用辅助船的GPS定位系统将辅助船开到目标点位；4) Use the GPS positioning system of the auxiliary ship to drive the auxiliary ship to the target point;
5)利用船载起吊装置和布放缆通过触底开关的上部挂钩将观测装置起吊，下放入海至海床表面，布放过程中使布放缆处于竖直状态；5) Use the ship-borne lifting device and the deployment cable to lift the observation device through the upper hook of the bottom switch, and lower it into the sea to the surface of the seabed, and keep the deployment cable in a vertical state during the deployment process;
6)引航重锤触及海床表面后，触发接收器发送信号给智能控制器，智能控制器通过输出电路发送信号给驱动单元，并通过铠装电缆向探杆主控制器发射信号，驱动单元启动并释放探杆，探杆靠自身重力以自由落体的方式插入海床，通过前期设计的探杆重量和触发缆长度，利用探杆上下直径不同的特征和自带的高强度格栅挡片，可确保探杆一部分插入海床，另一部分位于水体中，探杆主控制器接受到触底开关的信号后，根据事前设定的周期进行测量工作；6) After the pilot weight touches the surface of the seabed, the trigger receiver sends a signal to the intelligent controller, and the intelligent controller sends a signal to the drive unit through the output circuit, and sends a signal to the main controller of the probe rod through the armored cable, and the drive unit starts And release the probe rod, the probe rod is inserted into the seabed in a free fall by its own gravity, through the weight of the probe rod and the length of the trigger cable designed in the early stage, using the different characteristics of the upper and lower diameters of the probe rod and the built-in high-strength grid block, It can ensure that part of the probe rod is inserted into the seabed, and the other part is located in the water body. After receiving the signal of the bottom switch, the main controller of the probe rod will carry out the measurement according to the period set in advance;
7)原位观测周期结束之后，辅助船通过回收缆绳起吊观测装置，此时触底开关通过铠装电缆带动探杆，将二者一起回收；7) After the in-situ observation period is over, the auxiliary ship lifts the observation device through the recovery cable, and at this time, the bottom touch switch drives the probe rod through the armored cable, and recovers the two together;
8)读取存储器的观测数据，利用所有采集的所述电极的实时电位差，根据下述公式获取实时海洋土电阻率：8) Read the observation data of the memory, utilize the real-time potential difference of all collected described electrodes, obtain the real-time marine soil resistivity according to the following formula:
其中，为几何因子，ρ为土体电阻率，ΔU为测量段电位差，I为供电电流强度，a为相邻两个测量电极间距，b为环形电极圈半径；in, is the geometric factor, ρ is the resistivity of the soil, ΔU is the potential difference of the measuring section, I is the power supply current intensity, a is the distance between two adjacent measuring electrodes, and b is the radius of the annular electrode ring;
使用室内数据得到修正系数f，校正该结果；Use the indoor data to obtain the correction factor f, and correct the result;
然后通过姿态传感器记录的数据进行高程变化的校正，通过加速度传感器记录的数据进行深度校正，最后得到垂向电阻率的变化过程。Then the data recorded by the attitude sensor is used to correct the elevation change, the data recorded by the acceleration sensor is used to correct the depth, and finally the change process of the vertical resistivity is obtained.
9)海底边界层确定方法：电阻率最大的部分为海床电阻率，第一个极大值与其上一个极小值的中点为海床面，上部均为海水电阻率，其中电阻率最小的部分为未受影响海水，电阻率中值部分为水体边界层。对比不同测量周期的数据，可得到海底边界层变化过程。9) Determination method of the seabed boundary layer: the part with the largest resistivity is the seabed resistivity, the midpoint between the first maximum value and the previous minimum value is the seabed surface, and the upper part is seawater resistivity, among which the resistivity is the smallest The part of is the unaffected seawater, and the part with the median resistivity is the boundary layer of the water body. By comparing the data of different measurement periods, the change process of the seabed boundary layer can be obtained.
本发明的有益技术效果是：The beneficial technical effect of the present invention is:
与现有的技术相比，本发明操作简单、观测准确，可对观测装置布放海域进行海床表层沉积物和近底水体内部悬浮物电位值的同时观测，可精确反映海床内部沉积物性质的变化和海床面高程的变化，以及近底海水内部的变化。本发明中的装置可以进行回收再利用，具有很强的重复利用性，可大大节约观测成本。一种仪器即可以实现海床表层、海床面和近底海水三个要素的观测，对进一步深入认识海洋动力引起的海底边界层变化提供支持，是未来海洋观测的发展趋势。Compared with the existing technology, the present invention is simple in operation and accurate in observation, and can simultaneously observe the potential value of the surface sediment on the seabed and the suspended matter inside the near-bottom water body in the sea area where the observation device is deployed, and can accurately reflect the sediment inside the seabed Changes in the nature and elevation of the sea floor, as well as changes in the interior of seawater near the bottom. The device in the invention can be recycled and reused, has strong reusability, and can greatly save observation costs. One instrument can realize the observation of the three elements of seabed surface, seabed surface and near-bottom seawater, and provide support for further understanding of seabed boundary layer changes caused by ocean dynamics, which is the development trend of future ocean observations.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明一种深海海底边界层动态观测装置的整体结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of a kind of deep sea bottom boundary layer dynamic observation device of the present invention;
图2是本发明观测装置探杆的截面图；Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the probe rod of the observation device of the present invention;
图3本发明观测装置触底开关的截面图。Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the bottom switch of the observation device of the present invention.
图4是本发明一种深海海底边界层动态观测装置和方法的流程框图。Fig. 4 is a block flow diagram of a device and method for dynamic observation of a deep seabed boundary layer according to the present invention.
图5本发明观测装置的布放回收过程图。Fig. 5 is a diagram of the deployment and recovery process of the observation device of the present invention.
图6是本发明测得的海底边界层电阻率曲线示意图Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the seabed boundary layer resistivity curve measured by the present invention
图中I-触底开关，Ⅱ-探杆，1-引航重锤，2-触发缆，3-外壳，4-铠装电缆，5-导流叶片，6-顶舱，7-吊环，8-杆体，9-环形配重块，10-绝缘管，11-耐腐蚀金属管，12-导线，13-电极序列，14-格栅挡片，15-触发接收器，16-触底控制器，17-挂钩，18-驱动单元。In the figure, I-touch bottom switch, Ⅱ-probing rod, 1-pilot weight, 2-trigger cable, 3-shell, 4-armored cable, 5-guiding vane, 6-top cabin, 7-hanging ring, 8 -rod body, 9-ring weight, 10-insulating tube, 11-corrosion-resistant metal tube, 12-wire, 13-electrode sequence, 14-grid block, 15-trigger receiver, 16-bottoming controller , 17-hook, 18-drive unit.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
如图1-3，一种深海海底边界层动态观测装置，其特征在于包括有触底开关I和探杆Ⅱ，所述探杆Ⅱ包括由耐腐蚀材料制成的顶舱6和连接于顶舱6底部的杆体8，顶舱6外侧设有导流叶片5、顶部设有挂钩7，顶舱6内设有内置电源、主处理器、存储器、数据采集电路、传感电路、加速度传感器和姿态传感器；所述主处理器分别与所述数据采集电路和传感电路连接，所述传感电路与加速度传感器和姿态传感器连接；杆体8底部呈圆锥状，杆体8的圆锥状部分以上为圆柱形部分，且在圆柱形部分与圆锥状部分交接处设置有格栅挡片14，杆体8上部外侧面安装环形配重块9；As shown in Fig. 1-3, a dynamic observation device for the deep-sea bottom boundary layer is characterized in that it includes a bottom switch I and a probe rod II, and the probe rod II includes a top compartment 6 made of corrosion-resistant materials and connected to the top tank. The bar body 8 at the bottom of the cabin 6, the top cabin 6 outside is provided with a guide vane 5, the top is provided with a hook 7, and the top cabin 6 is provided with a built-in power supply, a main processor, a memory, a data acquisition circuit, a sensing circuit, an acceleration sensor and Attitude sensor; the main processor is respectively connected with the data acquisition circuit and the sensing circuit, and the sensing circuit is connected with the acceleration sensor and the attitude sensor; the bottom of the rod body 8 is conical, and the conical part of the rod body 8 is a cylinder above the conical part Shaped part, and a grille baffle 14 is provided at the junction of the cylindrical part and the conical part, and the outer surface of the upper part of the rod body 8 is equipped with a ring-shaped counterweight 9;
杆体8外侧面上设有若干环形的电极13，从而形成电极序列，所述电极13通过位于杆体8内的导线12与顶舱6中的数据采集电路连接，任意相邻的四个电极13形成一个电极组，中间两个为测量电极，两端为供电电极；所述主处理器控制数据采集电路为所述供电电极供电，并测量两个所述测量电极间的电位差；A plurality of annular electrodes 13 are arranged on the outer surface of the rod body 8 to form an electrode sequence. The electrodes 13 are connected to the data acquisition circuit in the top cabin 6 through the wires 12 located in the rod body 8, and any adjacent four electrodes 13 form a An electrode group, the middle two are measuring electrodes, and the two ends are power supply electrodes; the main processor controls the data acquisition circuit to supply power to the power supply electrodes, and measures the potential difference between the two measurement electrodes;
所述触底开关I包括外壳3、触发缆2和引航重锤1，外壳3内设有触发接收器15、驱动单元18和触底控制单元16，触底控制单元16通过触发接收器15与触发缆2相连，触发缆2另一端与引航重锤1相连，外壳3通过铠装电缆4与所述顶舱6相连，外壳3顶部还设有挂钩17(或吊环)。Described touch down switch 1 comprises shell 3, trigger cable 2 and pilot weight 1, is provided with trigger receiver 15, drive unit 18 and touch down control unit 16 in shell 3, touch down control unit 16 through trigger receiver 15 and touch down control unit 16. The trigger cable 2 is connected, and the other end of the trigger cable 2 is connected with the pilot weight 1, and the shell 3 is connected with the top cabin 6 through the armored cable 4, and the top of the shell 3 is also provided with a hook 17 (or ring).
所述的种深海海底边界层动态观测装置，其特征在于所述杆体8包括绝缘管10和所述绝缘管10内部的耐腐蚀金属管11，所述绝缘管10沿其长度方向间隔形成多个凹槽，每个所述凹槽内安装一个所述电极13；所述耐腐蚀金属管13底端形成锥尖部，所述耐腐蚀金属管13内部有导线12穿过，并在耐腐蚀金属管13的另一端集成于导线接插盘。The dynamic observation device for the deep seabed boundary layer is characterized in that the rod body 8 includes an insulating tube 10 and a corrosion-resistant metal tube 11 inside the insulating tube 10, and the insulating tube 10 is spaced along its length to form a plurality of Groove, one said electrode 13 is installed in each said groove; The bottom end of said corrosion-resistant metal tube 13 forms a conical point, and said corrosion-resistant metal tube 13 has wire 12 to pass through, and the corrosion-resistant metal tube 13 The other end of the pipe 13 is integrated in the wire socket.
所述的一种深海海底边界层动态观测装置，其特征在于所述杆体8包括绝缘管10和所述绝缘管10内部的耐腐蚀金属管11，所述绝缘管10沿其长度方向间隔形成多个凹槽，每个所述凹槽内安装一个所述电极13；所述耐腐蚀金属管13底端形成锥尖部，所述耐腐蚀金属管13内部有导线12穿过，导线12连接各个电极13和顶舱内6内的数据采集电路。The dynamic observation device for the deep-sea bottom boundary layer is characterized in that the rod body 8 includes an insulating tube 10 and a corrosion-resistant metal tube 11 inside the insulating tube 10, and the insulating tube 10 is formed at intervals along its length direction. a groove, and one electrode 13 is installed in each groove; the bottom end of the corrosion-resistant metal tube 13 forms a cone tip, and the inside of the corrosion-resistant metal tube 13 has a wire 12 passing through it, and the wire 12 is connected to each Electrode 13 and the data acquisition circuit in top compartment 6.
本发明的深海海底边界层动态观测方法主要包括：The deep seabed boundary layer dynamic observation method of the present invention mainly comprises:
通过室内校正试验校正观测装置，对观测装置和触底开关进行检测和设置，利用辅助船装载观测装置，并开到目标点位，使用辅助船后甲板起吊装置布放观测装置，布放完成后装置根据设置的周期进行观测记录，原位观测周期结束后进行回收，通过分析和校正数据可获得海底边界层变化过程。Calibrate the observation device through the indoor calibration test, detect and set the observation device and the bottom switch, use the auxiliary ship to load the observation device, and drive to the target point, use the auxiliary ship rear deck lifting device to deploy the observation device, after the deployment is completed The device performs observation and recording according to the set period, and recovers after the in-situ observation period is over. By analyzing and correcting the data, the change process of the seabed boundary layer can be obtained.
下面结合图4-5对本实施例的步骤做如下说明:Below in conjunction with Fig. 4-5, the steps of the present embodiment are described as follows:
利用以上所述的观测装置动态观测深海海底边界层的方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：The method for dynamically observing the deep seabed boundary layer by using the observation device described above is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
1)室内校正试验：1) Indoor calibration test:
1.1)首先将该观测装置插入大型模拟水槽；1.1) First insert the observation device into a large simulated tank;
1.2)然后模拟真实海床侵蚀和淤积过程，并使用激光测距仪精密测量整个过程中海床高程变化，同时使用设有若干环形的电极(13)的该观测装置进行测量；1.2) Then simulate the real seabed erosion and deposition process, and use a laser range finder to precisely measure the seabed elevation change in the whole process, and use this observation device provided with several annular electrodes (13) to measure;
1.3)对比该观测装置的测量结果和激光测距仪的测量结果，建立该观测装置的观测结果与海床真实变化的关系，得到修正系数f；1.3) compare the measurement results of the observation device with the measurement results of the laser range finder, establish the relationship between the observation results of the observation device and the real change of the seabed, and obtain the correction factor f;
利用修正系数f，建立实时海洋土电阻率计算公式：Using the correction factor f, the real-time ocean soil resistivity calculation formula is established:
其中，f为修正系数，为几何因子，ρ为土体电阻率，ΔU为测量段电位差，I为供电电流强度，a为相邻两个测量电极间距，b为环形电极圈半径；Among them, f is the correction factor, is the geometric factor, ρ is the resistivity of the soil, ΔU is the potential difference of the measuring section, I is the power supply current intensity, a is the distance between two adjacent measuring electrodes, and b is the radius of the annular electrode ring;
2)对观测装置进行检测和设置，确保所有传感器处于正常工作状态，然后将所有传感器安装入顶舱6进行密封，探杆II通过顶部的挂钩7和触底开关I的驱动单元相连，同时顶舱6内部的主处理器还通过铠装电缆4与触底开关I内部的触底控制单元连接，铠装电缆4既可以通讯又可承重；2) Detect and set up the observation device to ensure that all sensors are in normal working condition, and then install all sensors into the top cabin 6 for sealing. The main processor inside the cabin 6 is also connected with the bottoming control unit inside the bottoming switch 1 through the armored cable 4, and the armored cable 4 can communicate and bear weight;
3)根据目标点位的底质资料及动力触探资料，计算该点位海床的锥尖阻力和侧摩阻力并确定贯入度，据此设计环形配重，确保杆体可以插入海床；并根据海水深度设置触发缆2的长度；3) According to the bottom material data and dynamic sounding data of the target point, calculate the cone tip resistance and side friction resistance of the seabed at the point and determine the penetration degree, and design the ring counterweight accordingly to ensure that the rod body can be inserted into the seabed; And set the length of the trigger cable 2 according to the seawater depth;
4)利用辅助船的GPS定位系统将辅助船开到目标点位；4) Use the GPS positioning system of the auxiliary ship to drive the auxiliary ship to the target point;
5)利用船载起吊装置和布放缆通过触底开关I顶部吊环将观测装置起吊，朝海床表面方向下放入海，布放过程中使布放缆处于竖直状态；5) Utilize the ship-borne hoisting device and the laying cable to lift the observation device through the lifting ring on the top of the bottom switch 1, put it into the sea towards the seabed surface, and make the laying cable in a vertical state during the laying process;
6)触底开关I的引航重锤1随整个观测装置下放，引航重锤1首先触及海床表面后，触发接收器15发送信号给触底开关I内的触底控制器16，触底控制器16向驱动单元18发出控制信号，同时触底控制器16通过铠装电缆4向顶舱6内的主控制器发出信号，驱动单元18启动并释放探杆II，探杆II靠自身重力以海水中自由落体的方式插入海床，利用探杆II底部圆锥和自带的格栅挡片14，使探杆II一部分插入海床，另一部分位于水体中，探杆II的主控制器接收到触底信号后，根据事前设定的周期进行测量工作；6) The pilot weight 1 of the bottoming switch 1 is lowered along with the entire observation device. After the piloting weight 1 first touches the seabed surface, the trigger receiver 15 sends a signal to the bottoming controller 16 in the bottoming switch 1, and the bottoming control The controller 16 sends a control signal to the driving unit 18, and the bottoming controller 16 sends a signal to the main controller in the top cabin 6 through the armored cable 4 at the same time, the driving unit 18 starts and releases the probe rod II, and the probe rod II is controlled by its own gravity. The seabed is inserted into the seabed in the way of free fall in the seawater. Using the cone at the bottom of the probe rod II and the built-in grid block 14, part of the probe rod II is inserted into the seabed, and the other part is located in the water body. The main controller of the probe rod II receives After the bottom signal, the measurement work is carried out according to the period set in advance;
7)原位观测周期结束之后，辅助船通过回收缆绳起吊观测装置，此时触底开关I通过铠装电缆带动探杆II，将二者一起回收；7) After the in-situ observation period is over, the auxiliary ship lifts the observation device through the recovery cable, and at this time, the bottom touch switch I drives the probe rod II through the armored cable, and the two are recovered together;
8)读取存储器的观测数据，利用步骤1建立实时海洋土电阻率计算公式，计算整个观测过程海洋土电阻率变化过程，然后通过姿态传感器记录的数据进行高程变化的校正，通过加速度传感器记录的数据进行深度校正，最后得到垂向电阻率的变化过程；8) Read the observation data in the memory, use step 1 to establish a real-time ocean soil resistivity calculation formula, calculate the ocean soil resistivity change process during the entire observation process, and then correct the elevation change through the data recorded by the attitude sensor. The data is corrected for depth, and finally the change process of vertical resistivity is obtained;
9)海底边界层的确定：电阻率最大的部分为海床电阻率，第一个极大值与其上一个极小值的中点为海床面，上部均为海水电阻率，其中电阻率最小的部分为未受影响海水，电阻率中值部分为水体边界层；9) Determination of the seabed boundary layer: the part with the largest resistivity is the seabed resistivity, the midpoint between the first maximum value and the previous minimum value is the seabed surface, and the upper part is seawater resistivity, of which the resistivity is the smallest The part of is the unaffected seawater, and the part with the median resistivity is the boundary layer of the water body;
10)在不同周期重复以上步骤1-9，对比不同测量周期的数据，即得到海底边界层的动态变化过程。10) Repeat the above steps 1-9 in different periods, compare the data of different measurement periods, and obtain the dynamic change process of the seabed boundary layer.
附图6是利用上述实施例的方法测得的海底边界层电位差曲线示意图，结合附图6，海底边界层确定方法为：电阻率最大的部分为海床电阻率，第一个极大值与其上一个极小值的中点为海床面，上部均为海水电阻率，其中电阻率最小的部分为未受影响海水，电阻率中值部分为海底边界层。Accompanying drawing 6 is the schematic diagram of the potential difference curve of the seabed boundary layer measured by the method of the above-mentioned embodiment. In conjunction with accompanying drawing 6, the method for determining the seabed boundary layer is: the part with the largest resistivity is the seabed resistivity, and the first maximum value The midpoint of the upper minimum value is the seabed surface, and the upper part is the seawater resistivity. The part with the smallest resistivity is the unaffected seawater, and the middle part of the resistivity is the seabed boundary layer.
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| CN115355953A (en) * | 2022-10-21 | 2022-11-18 | 山东省鲁南地质工程勘察院(山东省地质矿产勘查开发局第二地质大队) | Device for measuring water level and water temperature of geothermal water |
| CN115355953B (en) * | 2022-10-21 | 2023-01-17 | 山东省鲁南地质工程勘察院(山东省地质矿产勘查开发局第二地质大队) | Device for measuring water level and water temperature of geothermal water |
| CN118090540A (en) * | 2024-02-29 | 2024-05-28 | 招商局深海装备研究院(三亚)有限公司 | In-situ monitoring device and monitoring method for three-dimensional distribution of concentration of deep sea mining plume based on resistivity measurement |
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