WO2020155349A1

WO2020155349A1 - Split-type observation apparatus for marine boundary layer, and method

Info

Publication number: WO2020155349A1
Application number: PCT/CN2019/079975
Authority: WO
Inventors: 宋大雷; 杨华; 郭亭亭; 徐超; 麻怡凯
Original assignee: 中国海洋大学
Priority date: 2019-01-29
Filing date: 2019-03-28
Publication date: 2020-08-06
Also published as: CN109827551A; CN109827551B

Abstract

A split-type observation apparatus for a marine boundary layer comprises a carrier (1) and an observation member (2). The observation member (2) and the carrier (1) are connected in a detachable manner. The carrier (1) comprises a buoyancy drive mechanism (12), a pressure sensor (13), a controller, a first wireless communication module, and a first GPS positioning module. A release device controlling the observation member (2) and the carrier (1) to be connected or disconnected is provided at an end of a top portion of the carrier. The observation member comprises: a measurement probe (22), a flow guide cover (23) provided outside of the measurement probe, a data acquisition module provided within the observation member, a second wireless communication module, and a second GPS positioning module. The invention provides the split-type observation apparatus achieving bottom-to-top observation from a stable sea condition to a complex sea condition. The carrier (1) is buoyancy driven, resulting in a large volume, but this volume does not add to the volume of the observation member (2). During observation, only the observation apparatus passes through a measurement sea area, and an influence thereof on the sea is reduced by the small volume of the apparatus, thereby improving validity and accuracy of measurement data.

Description

Split type ocean boundary layer observation equipment and methodTechnical field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of ocean observation, and specifically to a split ocean boundary layer observation device, and a method for using the above observation device to observe the ocean boundary layer.

Background technique

[0002] The energy and material exchange between the ocean and the atmosphere affects the global water cycle, biogeochemical cycle and energy cycle, and plays an important role in the global environment, climate and ecological balance. The near-water boundary layer at the air-sea interface is an important part of the study of air-sea interactions, which includes many complex physical and chemical processes, and is also a zone where many marine organisms gather.

[0003] At present, the observation of the boundary layer near the water body at the air-sea interface mainly relies on buoys and ship-borne navigation observations. Among them, buoys mainly include anchored buoys, drifting buoys, etc.; navigation is mainly carried by ships, especially navigation methods, which have very limited observation time and are highly susceptible to weather. It is very difficult to complete long-sea observations and has limitations in observation mobility. It is difficult to study the temporal and spatial changes of the ocean at different scales, and the observation data is easily disturbed by the hull of the ship. Correspondingly, the observation instruments are mainly cabled and cableless. Among them, the cableless instruments mainly fall freely. After reaching a certain depth, discard the heavy mass and then float up to complete the measurement process.

[0004] Taken together, it can be seen that there are several problems in ocean boundary layer observation:

[0005] (1) Traditional measurement methods are from top to bottom. Because the sea surface is complicated, the initial state of the observation equipment is affected by waves and other effects after entering the water, causing it to generate horizontal force, which will swing left and right during the dive. The boundary layer is only a few tens of meters away, and the equipment has passed through the boundary layer after being adjusted, so that the observation data of the boundary layer will have a large error.

[0006] (2) At present, the bottom-up measurement method adopts integrated observation, which results in a large device volume, and the device itself will have a greater impact on the original ocean current during the ascent process, and the measured data is not true Ocean state.

[0007] (3) When the device is snorkeled and submerged, the traditional method of dumping the load and the weight is fast, so that the design repeatability is not high and the equipment cost is increased.

Summary of the invention technical problem

The solution to the problem

Technical solutions

[0008] Based on the above technical problems, the present invention provides a split ocean boundary layer observation equipment and method.

[0009] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0010] A split type ocean boundary layer observation equipment, including a carrier and an observation body, and a separable connection method is adopted between the observation body and the carrier;

[0011] The carrier includes a first shell, and a buoyancy driving mechanism for controlling the floating or diving of the carrier is provided at the bottom end of the first shell, and a device for measuring sea depth is also provided on the first shell. The pressure sensor is provided with a first pressure cabin inside the first housing, a controller, a first wireless communication module, and a first GPS positioning module are arranged in the first pressure cabin, and at the top end of the first housing The head is provided with a release device for controlling the connection or separation of the observation body and the carrier;

[0012] The release device includes a motor, a release ring, a nut, and a nut sleeve. The release ring includes an outer ring and an inner ring that can rotate freely with each other. The motor is fixed on the motor support, and the outer ring is fixedly connected to the motor support. The rotating shaft of the inner ring is connected to the lower part of the inner ring, and the upper part of the inner ring is connected to the nut sleeve. An inner thread groove that matches the outer thread of the nut is provided on the inner side of the nut sleeve. The nut is screwed into the nut sleeve, and the nut is fixed in The bottom end of the observation body;

[0013] The pressure sensor and the motor are both connected to the controller;

[0014] A limit structure for restricting the relative rotation between the observation body and the carrier but not restricting the axial movement between the two is also provided between the observation body and the carrier;

[0015] The observation body includes a second housing, a measuring probe is arranged on the top of the second housing, a diversion cover is arranged on the top of the second housing and located outside the measuring probe, and the nut is arranged on the second housing. At the bottom of the second housing, a floating body is provided on the outside of the second housing, a pressure cabin is provided inside the second housing, and a data collection module, a second wireless communication module, and a second wireless communication module are provided inside the pressure cabin. GPS positioning module, the measurement probe is connected with the data acquisition module.

[0016] Preferably, the limiting structure includes a limiting protrusion and a limiting groove matched with the limiting protrusion, the limiting protrusion is provided on the second housing, and the limiting recess is provided on the first housing. On the housing, when the nut is screwed into the nut sleeve, the limiting protrusion vertically snaps into the limiting groove; or the limiting structure includes a first limiting groove and a second limiting groove The first limiting groove is provided on the first housing, and the second limiting groove is provided on the second housing. When the nut is screwed into the nut sleeve, the first limiting recess The groove and the second limiting groove are directly opposite to each other, and the vertical inserting rod is inserted into the first limiting groove and the second limiting groove.

[0017] Preferably, balls are provided between the outer ring and the inner ring of the release ring.

[0018] Preferably, the first housing and the second housing are both streamlined designs.

[0019] Preferably, the measurement probe includes a probe for measuring turbulence, temperature and salt depth, and ocean currents.

[0020] A split-type ocean boundary layer observation method, using the above-mentioned device, includes the following steps:

[0021] (1) The carrier is adjusted to negative buoyancy by the buoyancy driving mechanism, and the observation body is carried to dive below the ocean boundary layer and the mixed layer, and the pressure sensor is used to measure the dive depth of the carrier in real time during the dive;

[0022] (2) After the carrier dives to a predetermined depth, the controller controls the motor to release the observation body. The specific process is as follows: The controller sends a signal to the motor to control the motor to rotate counterclockwise, and the shaft of the motor drives the inner ring to rotate counterclockwise. , The nut sleeve rotates counterclockwise accordingly. Due to the force of the limiting structure, the observation body and the carrier cannot rotate relative to each other. Therefore, the nut sleeve gradually separates from the nut during the rotation process. When the nut comes out of the nut sleeve, observe The body is separated from the carrier;

[0023] (3) The observation body is set to positive buoyancy, and it floats quickly under the action of buoyancy. When passing through the ocean boundary layer, the ocean boundary layer turbulence, temperature and salt depth and ocean current data are measured by the measuring probe, and the boundary layer sea state is observed. The detected data is transmitted to the data acquisition module for storage; when the observation body floats on the sea surface, the position data is sent through the second wireless communication module and the second GPS positioning module to recover the observation body;

[0024] (4) After the carrier releases the observation body, it is adjusted to positive buoyancy by the buoyancy driving mechanism, and the carrier floats up. After floating to the sea surface, the first wireless communication module and the first GPS positioning module send position data to carry out carrier recovery.

[0025] In the above steps, during the floating process of the observation body, the measuring probe is protected by the deflector, and the deflector also plays a role of diversion.

The beneficial effects of the invention

Beneficial effect

[0026] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention are:

[0027] The present invention adopts a bottom-up split observation equipment from stable sea conditions to complex sea conditions. The carrier adopts a buoyancy drive mode. Although the buoyancy drive occupies a relatively large volume, it does not occupy the observation equipment (observation body). Volume, only the observation equipment passes through the measurement sea area during observation. Because of its small size, it reduces the impact on the ocean and greatly improves the authenticity and accuracy of the measurement data.

[0028] The advantages of the present invention are embodied in the following aspects:

[0029] 1. The split detection method is adopted, which can reduce the impact of the observation equipment on the water body due to the large volume

, Can improve the originality of the measurement environment.

[0030] 2. Using the bottom-up measurement method, the device has entered a stable state before entering the sea area to be observed

In this way, the measurement from stable sea area to complex sea area can reduce the external influence caused by the front measurement on the rear measurement.

[0031] 3. The carrier adopts the buoyancy driving mode to descend and float, which can be compared with the throw-loaded submersible mode, can be used repeatedly, reduce costs, and the installation of the carrier and the observation body is simple and convenient.

[0032] 4. The sensor measuring probe is placed at the top of the observation body to ensure that the ocean data is measured at the first time. The diversion cover can protect the measurement probe, and the diversion cover can play a diversion function to avoid water flow as much as possible. Impact on the measuring probe.

Brief description of the drawings

Description of the drawings

[0033] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments:

[0034] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the external overall structure of the present invention;

[0035] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the present invention, in which the carrier is separated from the observation body;

[0036] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the carrier in the present invention;

[0037] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure principle of the observation body in the present invention;

[0038] FIG. 5 is a front view of the observation body in the present invention;

[0039] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the process of observing the ocean boundary layer in the present invention.

Invention embodiment

Embodiments of the invention

[0040] At present, the measurement of boundary layer sea state data from bottom to top mostly uses integrated equipment. The disadvantage of this measurement method is that the equipment itself is large in size. Through its hydrodynamic analysis, the sea has been disturbed by the area through the area. There will be errors in ocean data. At present, Argo's bottom-up measurement method is to adopt integrated measurement. The traditional top-down measurement method will be extremely complicated due to the sea level and sea conditions. The initial state of the ocean boundary layer is only a few tens of meters, and it has passed through this sea area before the equipment is adjusted. Therefore, the error caused by the top-down measurement method is greater.

[0041] In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a split ocean boundary layer observation equipment and method.

[0042] With reference to the drawings, a split-type ocean boundary layer observation equipment includes a carrier 1 and an observation body 2, and a separable connection between the observation body 2 and the carrier 1. The carrier 1 includes a first shell 11, and a buoyancy driving mechanism 12 for controlling the floating or diving of the carrier is provided at the bottom end of the first shell, and a device for measuring sea depth is also provided on the first shell. The pressure sensor 13 is provided with a first pressure cabin 14 inside the first housing, a controller, a first wireless communication module, and a first GPS positioning module are arranged in the first pressure cabin, and in the first housing The top end is provided with a release device for controlling the connection or separation of the observation body and the carrier. The release device includes a motor 31, a release ring 32, a nut 33, and a nut sleeve 34. The release ring 32 includes an outer ring and an inner ring that can rotate freely with each other. A ball is arranged between the outer ring and the inner ring, and the release ring The whole is similar to the bearing structure. The motor 31 is fixed on the motor support 35, the outer ring is fixedly connected to the motor support, the rotating shaft of the motor is connected to the lower part of the inner ring, and the upper part of the inner ring is connected to the nut sleeve. The inner side of the nut sleeve 34 is provided with an external thread with the nut In the matching internal thread groove, the nut 33 is screwed into the nut sleeve 34, and the nut 33 is fixed on the bottom end of the observation body 2. Both the pressure sensor and the motor are connected with the controller. A limit structure for restricting the relative rotation between the observation body and the carrier is also provided between the observation body and the carrier, but not restricting the movement between the two in the axial direction.

[0043] The observation body 2 includes a second housing 21, a measurement probe 22 is provided on the top of the second housing, and a flow deflector 23 is provided on the top of the second housing and outside the measurement probe. The nut 33 is provided at the bottom of the second housing 21, a floating body 24 is provided on the outside of the second housing, a pressure cabin 25 is provided inside the second housing, and a data acquisition module, The second wireless communication module and the second GPS positioning module, and the measurement probe is connected to the data acquisition module.

[0044] As a further design of the present invention, the limiting structure includes a limiting protrusion 41 and a limiting groove matched with the limiting protrusion. The limiting protrusion 41 is provided on the second housing 21 to limit The positioning groove is provided on the first housing 11, and when the nut 33 is screwed into the nut sleeve 34, the positioning protrusion 41 is vertically clamped into the positioning groove.

[0045] Or the limiting structure includes a first limiting groove, a second limiting groove and a vertical plunger, the first limiting groove is provided on the first housing, and the second limiting groove is provided On the second housing, when the nut is screwed into the nut sleeve, the first limiting groove and the second limiting groove face up and down, and the vertical plunger is inserted into the first limiting groove and In the second limiting groove.

[0046] The above-mentioned first housing 11 and second housing 21 are both streamlined designs.

[0047] The above-mentioned measuring probes include probes for measuring turbulence, temperature and salt depth, and ocean currents.

[0048] A split-type ocean boundary layer observation method, using the above-mentioned device, includes the following steps:

[0049] (1) The carrier is adjusted to negative buoyancy through the buoyancy driving mechanism, and the observation body is carried to dive below the ocean boundary layer and the mixed layer, and the pressure sensor is used to measure the dive depth of the carrier in real time during the dive.

[0050] (2) When the carrier dives to a predetermined depth, the controller controls the motor to release the observation body. The specific process is as follows: The controller sends a signal to the motor to control the motor to rotate counterclockwise, and the shaft of the motor drives the inner ring to rotate counterclockwise. , The nut sleeve rotates counterclockwise accordingly. Due to the force of the limiting structure, the observation body and the carrier cannot rotate relative to each other. Therefore, the nut sleeve gradually separates from the nut during the rotation process. When the nut comes out of the nut sleeve, observe The body is separated from the carrier.

[0051] (3) The observation body is set to positive buoyancy, and it floats rapidly under the action of buoyancy. When passing through the ocean boundary layer, the ocean boundary layer turbulence, temperature and salt depth and ocean current data are measured by the measuring probe, and the boundary layer sea state is observed. The detected data is transmitted to the data acquisition module for storage; when the observation body floats on the sea surface, the position data is sent through the second wireless communication module and the second GPS positioning module, and the observation body is recovered.

[0052] (4) After the carrier releases the observation body, it is adjusted to positive buoyancy by the buoyancy driving mechanism, and the carrier floats up. After floating to the sea surface, the first wireless communication module and the first GPS positioning module send position data to carry out carrier recovery.

[0053] In the above steps, during the floating process of the observation body, the measuring probe is protected by the deflector, and the deflector also plays a role of diversion.

[0054] A split-type ocean boundary layer observation equipment and method of the present invention mainly has the following three innovations:

[0055] 1. At present, a common problem with integrated observation equipment is that the relatively large size of the equipment causes some disturbances to the original ocean, so the observed data is the data after the disturbance, and there will be certain errors. The present invention uses a split observation equipment, During the measurement, the carrier carries the measuring equipment and dives below the boundary layer, and releases the observation body through the release device. The observation body carries turbulence, ocean current, temperature and salt depth sensors, etc., and the observation body quickly floats through the boundary layer.

[0056] 2. The observation body adopts a bottom-up measurement method. The volume of the observation body is relatively small. Under the same buoyancy, the smaller the device, the smaller the water resistance, which can make the observation body faster Crossing the border In this way, the measurement method can reduce the influence of the previous measurement on the subsequent measurement and reduce the measurement error.

[0057] 3. The repetitive utilization rate of the method of throwing the weight quickly is relatively low. The carrier adopts the buoyancy driving mode for diving and floating. This design is to reduce the volume of the observation equipment. The buoyancy drive is placed at the bottom end of the carrier through heavy buoyancy. The adjustment enables the carrier to dive vertically.

[0058] The present invention will be described in more detail below:

[0059] The present invention is used to solve the problem of ocean boundary layer observation. The carrier carries the observation body to below the ocean boundary layer and the mixed layer. The buoyancy driving mechanism is adjusted to stabilize the system, and the carrier controls the motor to release the observation body, the nut cover and the release ring. The upper part of the inner ring is connected to the upper part of the inner ring, the motor shaft is connected to the lower part of the inner ring of the release ring, and the outer ring of the release ring is connected to the motor fixing frame. When the motor drives the inner ring of the release ring to rotate counterclockwise, the nut sleeve rotates counterclockwise accordingly. The force of the position structure prevents the observation body from rotating together, so that the observation body is separated from the carrier under the action of the motor. The observation body is set to positive buoyancy, and it floats quickly under the action of buoyancy to observe the boundary layer sea state. The deflector on the observation body is used to protect the observation probe. The ring above the deflector has the smallest impact on the water flow and also serves as a diversion Function, the observation volume measurement probe includes probes used to measure turbulence, temperature and salt depth and ocean currents. The data acquisition module is placed in the pressure cabin of the observation body, and the pressure cabin of the observation body also includes a GPS positioning module and a wireless communication module for recovery. The carrier includes a pressure sensor for measuring the depth of the sea, the internal pressure cabin includes wireless communication and GPS positioning modules, and a motor for controlling the release ring, so that the buoyancy driving mechanism with a relatively large footprint is placed on the carrier to greatly reduce observation The volume of the body is adjusted by the buoyancy driving mechanism, and the buoyancy driving the carrier is negative buoyancy in the process of descending, and positive buoyancy in the process of floating and recovering.

[0060] The buoyancy driving mechanism is located at the bottom of the carrier, and the limiting structure includes a limiting protrusion and a limiting groove, which cooperate to prevent the observation body from rotating with the motor. This design is to release the observation body when there is A stable initial state, and the buoyancy drive is located at the bottom to greatly reduce the volume of the carrier. This is because the connecting part of the observation body and the carrier needs a release mechanism, and the buoyancy drive at the bottom must extend the equipment to lower the weight).

[0061] The observation body and the carrier are connected by a release ring, and the carrier releases the observation body by controlling the release ring. The buoyancy material of the observation body is wrapped in the top shell of the observation body so that the buoyancy can be raised, and the measuring probe is placed on the top of the observation body. In order to measure the ocean data for the first time during the ascent process, the flow deflector is placed at the top of the observation body to protect the measuring probe and play a drainage role. [0062] During operation, the observation body carried by the carrier reaches below the boundary between the boundary layer and the mixed layer. After the carrier is stabilized, the central control system in the carrier controls the motor to release the observation body through the release ring, because the observation body is positively buoyant and has a relatively large volume. The observation body with little water resistance passes through the boundary layer quickly, and the buoyancy driving mechanism of the carrier adjusts the heavy buoyancy to keep the carrier at the current level. After the observation equipment crosses the boundary layer, the buoyancy driving mechanism is adjusted to positive buoyancy to make the carrier float up. And the GPS positioning module and wireless communication module recovery equipment inside the observation body.

[0063] The parts not mentioned in the above manner can be realized by adopting or learning from existing technologies.

[0064] It should be noted that, under the teaching of this specification, any equivalent alternatives or obvious modifications made by those skilled in the art shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

[Claim i] A split type ocean boundary layer observation equipment, characterized in that it comprises a carrier and an observation body, and the observation body and the carrier are connected in a separable manner;

The carrier includes a first shell, a buoyancy driving mechanism for controlling the floating or descending of the carrier is provided at the bottom end of the first shell, and a pressure sensor for measuring sea depth is also provided on the first shell, A first pressure cabin is arranged inside the first housing, a controller, a first wireless communication module, and a first GPS positioning module are arranged in the first pressure cabin, and the top end of the first housing is arranged There is a release device for controlling the connection or separation of the observation body and the carrier;

The release device includes a motor, a release ring, a nut, and a nut sleeve. The release ring includes an outer ring and an inner ring that can rotate freely with each other. The motor is fixed on the motor support, and the outer ring is fixedly connected to the motor support. The lower part of the inner ring is connected, and the upper part of the inner ring is connected with the nut sleeve. An internal thread groove that matches with the outer thread of the nut is provided on the inner side of the nut sleeve. The nut is screwed into the nut sleeve, and the nut is fixed on the observation body. Bottom end; the pressure sensor and the motor are both connected with the controller;

A limit structure for restricting the relative rotation between the observation body and the carrier but not restricting the axial movement between the two is also provided between the observation body and the carrier;

The observation body includes a second housing, a measuring probe is arranged on the top of the second housing, a flow deflector is arranged on the top of the second housing and outside the measuring probe, and the nut is arranged on the second housing A floating body is provided on the outside of the second housing, a pressure cabin is provided inside the second housing, and a data acquisition module, a second wireless communication module, and a second GPS positioning module are provided inside the pressure cabin. , The measurement probe is connected with the data acquisition module.

[Claim 2] A split type ocean boundary layer observation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that

: The limiting structure includes a limiting protrusion and a limiting groove matched with the limiting protrusion, the limiting protrusion is arranged on the second housing, and the limiting groove is arranged on the first housing, when After the nut is screwed into the nut sleeve, the limiting protrusion vertically snaps into the limiting groove; or the limiting structure includes a first limiting groove, a second limiting groove and a vertical plunger, the first The limiting groove is provided on the first housing, and the second limiting groove is provided on the second housing. When the nut is screwed into the nut sleeve, the first The limiting groove and the second limiting groove are directly opposite to each other, and the vertical inserting rod is inserted into the first limiting groove and the second limiting groove.

[Claim 3] The split type ocean boundary layer observation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that

: Balls are provided between the outer ring and the inner ring of the release ring.

[Claim 4] The split type ocean boundary layer observation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that

: Both the first shell and the second shell have a streamlined design.

[Claim 5] A split type ocean boundary layer observation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that

: The measuring probe includes a probe for measuring turbulence, temperature and salt depth and ocean currents.

[Claim 6] A split-type ocean boundary layer observation method, using the device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) The carrier is adjusted to negative buoyancy through the buoyancy driving mechanism, and the observation body is carried to dive below the ocean boundary layer and the mixed layer, and the pressure sensor is used to measure the dive depth of the carrier in real time during the dive;

(2) When the carrier reaches a predetermined depth, the controller controls the motor to release the observation body

The specific process is as follows: The controller sends a signal to the motor to control the motor to rotate counterclockwise. When the shaft of the motor drives the inner ring to rotate counterclockwise, the nut sleeve rotates counterclockwise accordingly. Due to the force of the limit structure, the observation body and the carrier Cannot rotate relatively, so the nut sleeve gradually separates from the nut during the rotation process, when the nut comes out of the nut sleeve, the observation body separates from the carrier;

(3) The observation body is set to positive buoyancy, and it floats quickly under the action of buoyancy. When passing through the ocean boundary layer, the ocean boundary layer turbulence, temperature and salt depth and ocean current data are measured by the measuring probe, the boundary layer sea state is observed, and the data detected by the probe is measured Transmit to the data collection module for storage; when the observation body floats on the sea surface, send the position data through the second wireless communication module and the second GPS positioning module to recover the observation body;

(4) After the carrier releases the observation body, it is adjusted to positive buoyancy by the buoyancy drive mechanism, and the carrier floats up. When it floats to the sea surface, the first wireless communication module and the first GPS positioning module send position data for carrier recovery.

[Claim 7] A split type ocean boundary layer observation method according to claim 6, characterized in that : During the floating process of the observation body, the measuring probe is protected by the diversion cover, and the diversion cover also plays a role of diversion.