CN108560381B - Highway maintenance method - Google Patents
Highway maintenance method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108560381B CN108560381B CN201810338618.7A CN201810338618A CN108560381B CN 108560381 B CN108560381 B CN 108560381B CN 201810338618 A CN201810338618 A CN 201810338618A CN 108560381 B CN108560381 B CN 108560381B
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- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C23/00—Auxiliary devices or arrangements for constructing, repairing, reconditioning, or taking-up road or like surfaces
- E01C23/01—Devices or auxiliary means for setting-out or checking the configuration of new surfacing, e.g. templates, screed or reference line supports; Applications of apparatus for measuring, indicating, or recording the surface configuration of existing surfacing, e.g. profilographs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C25/00—Alighting gear
- B64C25/02—Undercarriages
- B64C25/08—Undercarriages non-fixed, e.g. jettisonable
- B64C25/10—Undercarriages non-fixed, e.g. jettisonable retractable, foldable, or the like
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D47/00—Equipment not otherwise provided for
- B64D47/02—Arrangements or adaptations of signal or lighting devices
- B64D47/04—Arrangements or adaptations of signal or lighting devices the lighting devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D47/00—Equipment not otherwise provided for
- B64D47/08—Arrangements of cameras
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64U10/00—Type of UAV
- B64U10/10—Rotorcrafts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64U2101/00—UAVs specially adapted for particular uses or applications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64U2101/00—UAVs specially adapted for particular uses or applications
- B64U2101/30—UAVs specially adapted for particular uses or applications for imaging, photography or videography
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of highway maintenance, in particular to a highway maintenance method, which comprises the following steps: carrying survey equipment by the road condition survey unmanned aerial vehicle to carry out flight survey along the highway; the surveying equipment transmits the shot image data and the road flatness information to the control terminal; the data analysis module analyzes and processes the image data and the road surface flatness information; the road section overhauling module compares the maintenance reference value with the information mark analyzed by the data analysis module, and marks the road section lower than the maintenance reference value and displays the road section lower than the maintenance reference value on the display screen; the control terminal distributes the road section information needing to be maintained to each maintenance station of the expressway; and maintaining the road sections by all the maintenance stations of the expressway according to the received road section maintenance information. The method can realize comprehensive overall analysis of the highway condition, so that people can find and process problems as soon as possible, and the service life of the highway is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of highway maintenance, in particular to a highway maintenance method.
Background
The highway is put into use and has improved the speed of people's trip, highway's road conditions detection is also especially important, the road conditions that detects exploration highway is favorable to in time handling the relatively poor area of highway road conditions, it surveys to use unmanned aerial vehicle to survey at highway road conditions exploration in-process more, unmanned aerial vehicle is the unmanned aerial vehicle who utilizes radio remote control equipment and self-contained program control device to control, unmanned aerial vehicle is unmanned aerial vehicle's the general name in fact, can divide into from the technical angle definition: unmanned helicopters, unmanned fixed wing aircraft, unmanned multi-rotor aircraft, unmanned airships, unmanned parawing aircraft are widely used in highway road condition exploration.
In the aspect of highway maintenance, maintenance personnel usually drive regularly to carry out on-site investigation along a highway, so that time and labor are wasted, the actual analysis on the pavement of the highway cannot be carried out, the maintenance on the highway only stays on the surface layer, namely, the maintenance is carried out only when the pavement of the highway is actually damaged and the personnel can identify, and the passive maintenance is serious for the damage of the roadbed of the highway.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a highway maintenance method, which can realize comprehensive integrity analysis of highway road conditions by adopting a road condition investigation unmanned aerial vehicle to carry investigation equipment to carry out flight investigation along a highway, so that people can find and handle the problems as soon as possible, thereby prolonging the service life of the highway.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a highway maintenance method comprises the following steps:
carrying survey equipment by a road condition survey unmanned aerial vehicle to carry out flight survey along a highway;
step two, the reconnaissance equipment in the step one transmits the shot image data and the road surface flatness information to a control terminal;
thirdly, the data analysis module analyzes and processes the image data and the road surface evenness information transmitted in the second step, and displays the processed road surface evenness information, road surface temperature information and road surface roughness information on a display screen;
step four, the road section overhauling module compares the maintenance reference value with the information mark analyzed by the data analysis module in the step three, and marks the road section lower than the maintenance reference value and displays the road section mark on the display screen;
step five, the control terminal distributes road section information needing to be maintained to each maintenance station of the expressway according to the road section information marked on the display screen in the step four;
step six, each maintenance station of the expressway receives maintenance information of a road section needing to be maintained, wherein the maintenance information comprises the distance between the maintenance road section and the maintenance station and a screen screenshot of the maintenance road section;
seventhly, carrying maintenance tools to the damaged parts of the expressway to maintain according to the maintenance information by each maintenance station of the expressway;
the surveying equipment in the first step and the second step comprises a high-definition camera for shooting the highway pavement in real time, a wireless data transmitter for transmitting data information, a radar mapper for detecting the flatness of the inner surface of the expressway, a pavement roughness detection module for detecting the roughness of the highway pavement and an infrared temperature detector for detecting the real-time temperature of the highway pavement;
the road surface roughness detection module detects by using a light reflection principle;
the road condition investigation unmanned aerial vehicle in the first step comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle body, a storage battery box, a propeller, a camera, supporting legs and an illumination structure; the camera for exploration is arranged at the bottom end of the unmanned aerial vehicle body; the four corners of the bottom end of the unmanned aerial vehicle body are provided with the supporting legs for pressure relief support; the unmanned aerial vehicle body is provided with the illumination structure which is used for illuminating and early warning and can adjust the angle; the lighting structure comprises a limiting plate, a dustproof box, a cover plate, a first driving structure, a second driving structure, a limiting box, a loudspeaker and an energy-saving lamp; be equipped with on the unmanned aerial vehicle body and dismantle the rectangular structure of connection the limiting plate, the welding has the rectangular structure that holds the cavity on the limiting plate the dust proof box, the dust proof box deviates from the one end of unmanned aerial vehicle body is equipped with and is used for the rain-proof connection of dismantling the apron, the inside of dust proof box is equipped with and is used for adjusting the electricity-saving lamp angle first drive structure, just first drive structure connect in second drive structure, second drive structure with the dust proof box rotates to be connected, is used for adjusting the electricity-saving lamp angle second drive structure connect in the spacing box, the inside of spacing box is equipped with and is used for the illumination the electricity-saving lamp with be used for sending the early warning instruction loudspeaker, the electricity-saving lamp annular array distribute in on the spacing box.
Specifically, the supporting leg comprises a plurality of anti-skid lugs, a wheel carrier, a first sliding rod, a sleeve, a first motor, a first driving rod, a driving shaft and a driving wheel, the sleeve is fixed at the four corners of the bottom end of the unmanned aerial vehicle body, the first motor is fixed at one end of the sleeve which is provided with a containing cavity and has a rectangular structure with a lower non-back cover and extends to the inside of the unmanned aerial vehicle body, the first driving rod is connected with the first motor and the sleeve in a penetrating way, the first sliding rod with a rectangular structure is arranged inside the sleeve, and the first driving rod is connected with the first sliding rod in a sliding way, the first sliding rod is connected with the sleeve in a sliding way, the end of the first sliding rod, which is far away from the first driving rod, is provided with the wheel carrier, the driving shaft is connected with the wheel carrier in a penetrating way and is used for driving the driving wheel for pressure relief, the side wall of the driving wheel is provided with a plurality of anti-skid bulges which are distributed in a round array manner and have a hemispherical structure and are used for skid resistance; after the unmanned aerial vehicle takes off, the first motor rotates, the first motor drives the first driving rod to rotate, the first driving rod drives the first sliding rod to slide in the sleeve in the direction close to the first motor to drive the first sliding rod to contract, the occupied space of the first sliding rod is effectively reduced, the first sliding rod is prevented from being touched with other objects in the flight process, the first motor rotates in the landing process of the aircraft, the first motor drives the first driving rod to rotate, the first driving rod drives the first sliding rod to slide in the sleeve in the direction departing from the first motor to drive the first sliding rod to extend, when the driving wheel is in contact with the ground, the anti-skid bulge deforms and releases pressure under the action of gravity, and meanwhile, the driving wheel rotates around the driving shaft to enable the gravity to be changed into rolling power, play the absorbing effect to unmanned aerial vehicle, effectually prevent to cause unmanned aerial vehicle to damage at descending in-process maloperation.
Specifically, the first driving structure comprises a second motor, a second driving shaft, a first gear, bearings, a second driving rod and a second gear, the second motor for driving and the bearings for guiding are arranged in the dust-proof box, the second driving shaft is fixed to the second motor, the first gear for transmission is detachably connected to the second driving shaft, the second driving shaft of a cylindrical structure rotatably connected with the dust-proof box is arranged between the two bearings, the second gear for transmission is meshed with the first gear and is arranged on the second driving shaft, and the diameter of the second gear is larger than that of the first gear; the second motor rotates the drive the first gear drives the second gear rotates, thereby the second gear rotates and makes the second drive shaft is in the inside of bearing rotates, the second drive shaft drives second drive structure rotates, thereby adjusts the angle of shining of electricity-saving lamp, the diameter of second gear is greater than the diameter of first drive gear can make the second drive shaft rotates more slowly, makes control more convenient.
Specifically, the second drive structure includes first connector, sliding sleeve, second slide bar, third motor, fixed block, two second connectors, guide bar, three guiding axle and fixed cover, the second drive shaft run through in fixed cover, fixed cover deviates from the one end that is used for driven the second drive shaft is equipped with two the second connector, one the guiding axle through connection is in one the second connector with the guide bar, connect in the guide bar the second connector with the guide bar rotates to be connected, the other end of guide bar is fixed in the spacing case, another the guiding axle through connection is in another the second connector with the fixed block, the fixed block with the third motor can be dismantled and be connected, the third motor is connected in the second slide bar that is used for driven cylinder structure of taking the screw thread, the second sliding rod is rotatably connected with the sliding sleeve, one end of the sliding sleeve, which is far away from the second sliding rod, is provided with the first connecting joint which is rotatably connected through another guide shaft, and the first connecting joint is fixed on the limiting box; the third motor rotates, the third motor drives the second slide bar rotates, the second slide bar is in the inside of sliding sleeve rotates, thereby makes the second slide bar with the overall length of sliding sleeve changes, first connector drive on the spacing box the guide bar winds the second connector rotates, thereby adjusts the angle of electricity-saving lamp makes the irradiation that the electricity-saving lamp can the multi-angle.
Specifically, a lubricating structure is arranged on the second slide bar and comprises oil filling holes, end covers and anti-slip blocks, the end covers which are of cylindrical structures and used for sealing are arranged on the side walls of the second slide bar, the anti-slip blocks which are of semi-cylindrical structures and distributed in a circumferential array mode are arranged on the side walls of the end covers, and the oil filling holes penetrate through the second slide bar and extend to the end covers; the end cover is screwed, lubricating oil is added into the oil filling hole, the lubricating oil is more uniformly coated in the rotating process of the second sliding rod, and the lubricating oil is effectively prevented from being wasted.
Specifically, the lighting structure further comprises a rain-proof sleeve, the limiting box is provided with the rain-proof sleeve in a truncated cone-shaped structure, and the rain-proof sleeve is in threaded connection with the limiting box; rain-proof cover set up effectual rainwater that has prevented to get into the inside of electricity-saving lamp has improved the illuminating effect, and is right simultaneously loudspeaker have the effect of public address, make sound transmission effect better.
Specifically, the first sealing ring with an annular structure is arranged between the cover plate and the dust-proof box, and the cover plate and the dust-proof box are clamped on the first sealing ring for sealing and water proofing; the setting up of first sealing washer has strengthened the apron with the leakproofness of dust proof box has improved waterproof performance, is dismantling behind the apron right the internals of dust proof box are maintained, make the maintenance more convenient.
Specifically, the second sealing ring with a cylindrical structure is arranged between the unmanned aerial vehicle body and the limiting plate; improved the sealing performance of dust-proof box has effectively prevented first drive structure with the inside of second drive structure meets water influence and rotates the effect.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the method, the traffic investigation unmanned aerial vehicle carries the investigation equipment to carry out flight investigation along the highway, so that comprehensive integrity analysis of the highway traffic condition can be realized, people can find and handle problems as soon as possible, and the service life of the highway is prolonged.
(2) According to the highway maintenance method, the four corners of the bottom end of the unmanned aerial vehicle body are provided with the support legs, the positions of the support legs can be adjusted in the flight process of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the occupied space of the support legs is reduced, the support legs are prevented from touching other objects in the flight process, the accident rate is reduced, and the operation is more convenient.
(3) According to the expressway maintenance method, the camera is matched with the lighting structure to be used, so that road conditions can be conveniently explored at night, meanwhile, the zones with poor road conditions can be temporarily lighted, the zones with poor expressway road conditions can be conveniently and timely processed, meanwhile, the zones with poor road conditions have the early warning function, the exploration efficiency and quality of the unmanned aerial vehicle are greatly improved, the irradiation angle of the energy-saving lamp can be conveniently adjusted due to the matched use of the first driving structure and the second driving structure, the flexibility of the energy-saving lamp is improved, and the lighting effect of the energy-saving lamp is improved.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a road condition investigation unmanned aerial vehicle adopted in the method;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lighting structure shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the portion B shown in FIG. 2;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the leg shown in fig. 1.
In the figure: 1. the unmanned aerial vehicle comprises a unmanned aerial vehicle body, 2, a camera, 3, a propeller, 4, a storage battery box, 5, supporting legs, 51, an anti-skid protrusion, 52, a wheel carrier, 53, a first slide rod, 54, a sleeve, 55, a first motor, 56, a first driving rod, 57, a driving shaft, 58, a driving wheel, 6, a lighting structure, 61, a limiting plate, 62, a dust-proof box, 63, a cover plate, 64, a first driving structure, 641, a second motor, 642, a second driving shaft, 643, a first gear, 644, a bearing, 645, a second driving rod, 646, a second gear, 65, a second driving structure, 651, a first connecting head, 652, a sliding sleeve, 653, a second slide rod, 654, a third motor, 655, a fixed block, 656, a second connecting head, 657, a guide shaft, 659, a fixed sleeve, 66, a limiting box, 67, a horn, 68, an energy-saving lamp, 69, a rain-proof sleeve, 7, a first sealing ring, 8, a first sealing ring, Second sealing ring, 9, lubricating structure, 91, oil filler point, 92, end cover, 93, non-slip block.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the highway maintenance method according to the present invention includes the following steps:
carrying survey equipment by a road condition survey unmanned aerial vehicle to carry out flight survey along a highway;
step two, the reconnaissance equipment in the step one transmits the shot image data and the road surface flatness information to a control terminal;
thirdly, the data analysis module analyzes and processes the image data and the road surface evenness information transmitted in the second step, and displays the processed road surface evenness information, road surface temperature information and road surface roughness information on a display screen;
step four, the road section overhauling module compares the maintenance reference value with the information mark analyzed by the data analysis module in the step three, and marks the road section lower than the maintenance reference value and displays the road section mark on the display screen;
step five, the control terminal distributes road section information needing to be maintained to each maintenance station of the expressway according to the road section information marked on the display screen in the step four;
step six, each maintenance station of the expressway receives maintenance information of a road section needing to be maintained, wherein the maintenance information comprises the distance between the maintenance road section and the maintenance station and a screen screenshot of the maintenance road section;
seventhly, carrying maintenance tools to the damaged parts of the expressway to maintain according to the maintenance information by each maintenance station of the expressway;
the surveying equipment in the first step and the second step comprises a high-definition camera for shooting the highway pavement in real time, a wireless data transmitter for transmitting data information, a radar mapper for detecting the flatness of the inner surface of the expressway, a pavement roughness detection module for detecting the roughness of the highway pavement and an infrared temperature detector for detecting the real-time temperature of the highway pavement;
the principle that the radar surveying instrument detects the road surface smoothness is that sound wave generator launches the sound wave to the road surface, and sound wave receiver receives the sound wave, and the sound wave treater is packed the sound wave of receiving and is transmitted the sound wave information of packing to data analysis module through wireless data transmission ware, and data analysis module is according to whether the sound wave appears unusual change alright judge whether level and smooth on the road surface. Because the road surface of the highway is flat, the detected sound wave data should be continuously changed, when the road surface is damaged, the detected sound wave has wave crests or wave troughs when the road surface is uneven or cracks appear, and whether the road surface is flat or not can be judged by taking the wave crests and the wave troughs;
the road surface roughness detection module detects by using a light reflection principle; the method comprises the following steps that a light source transmitter irradiates light on a road surface in a non-vertical mode, a light receiver receives the light, the roughness of the road surface is judged according to the intensity of the received light, when the intensity of the received light is high, the road surface is smooth, the friction force between tires and the road surface is low at the moment, the braking of a vehicle is not facilitated, when the intensity of the received light is low, the road surface is rough, the friction between the road surface and the tires is high at the moment, the tire burst risk possibly exists, and when the roughness value deviates from a standard road roughness range value specified by a maintenance reference value, namely the road surface is smooth or rough, the road surface needs to be maintained, so that the driving safety of the vehicle is improved;
the road condition investigation unmanned aerial vehicle in the first step comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle body 1, a storage battery box 4, a propeller 3, a camera 2, supporting legs 5 and an illumination structure 6; the camera 2 for exploration is arranged at the bottom end of the unmanned aerial vehicle body 1; the four corners of the bottom end of the unmanned aerial vehicle body 1 are provided with the support legs 5 for pressure relief support; the unmanned aerial vehicle body 1 is provided with the illumination structure 6 for illumination early warning and angle adjustment; the lighting structure 6 comprises a limiting plate 61, a dust-proof box 62, a cover plate 63, a first driving structure 64, a second driving structure 65, a limiting box 66, a horn 67 and an energy-saving lamp 68; the unmanned aerial vehicle body 1 is provided with the limit plate 61 with a rectangular structure which is detachably connected, the dust-proof box 62 with a rectangular structure and a containing cavity is welded on the limit plate 61, one end of the dust-proof box 62, which is far away from the unmanned aerial vehicle body 1, is provided with the cover plate 63 which is used for rain-proof detachable connection, the interior of the dust box 62 is provided with the first driving structure 64 for adjusting the angle of the energy saving lamp 68, and the first driving structure 64 is connected to the second driving structure 65, the second driving structure 65 is rotatably connected to the dust box 62, the second driving structure 65 for adjusting the angle of the energy saving lamp 68 is connected to the limit box 66, the energy-saving lamps 68 used for lighting and the loudspeakers 67 used for sending out early warning instructions are arranged inside the limiting box 66, and the energy-saving lamps 68 are distributed on the limiting box 66 in an annular array mode.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the support leg 5 includes a plurality of anti-skid protrusions 51, a wheel carrier 52, a first slide bar 53, a sleeve 54, a first motor 55, a first driving rod 56, a driving shaft 57 and a driving wheel 58, the sleeve 54 is fixed at four corners of the bottom end of the drone body 1, one end of the sleeve 54, which is fixed to a rectangular structure with a lower non-back cover and a containing cavity, of the first motor 55 extends into the drone body 1, the first driving rod 56 is connected to the first motor 55 and the sleeve 54 in a penetrating manner, the first slide bar 53, which is a rectangular structure, is arranged inside the sleeve 54, the first driving rod 56 is connected to the first slide bar 53 in a sliding manner, the first slide bar 53 is connected to the sleeve 54 in a sliding manner, one end of the first slide bar 53, which is away from the first driving rod 56, is provided with the wheel carrier 52, the driving shaft 57 is connected to the wheel frame 52 and the driving wheel 58 for driving pressure relief, and the side wall of the driving wheel 58 is provided with a plurality of anti-skid protrusions 51 for anti-skid, which are distributed in a circular array manner and have a hemispherical structure; after the unmanned aerial vehicle takes off, the first motor 55 rotates, the first motor 55 drives the first driving rod 56 to rotate, the first driving rod 56 drives the first sliding rod 53 to slide in the sleeve 54 along the direction close to the first motor 55, so as to drive the first sliding rod 53 to contract, so as to effectively reduce the occupied space of the first sliding rod 53, prevent the first sliding rod 53 from touching other objects in the flight process, in the aircraft landing process, the first motor 55 rotates, the first motor 55 drives the first driving rod 56 to rotate, the first driving rod 56 drives the first sliding rod 53 to slide in the sleeve 54 along the direction departing from the first motor 55, so as to drive the first sliding rod 53 to extend, and when the driving wheel 58 contacts with the ground, the anti-skid protrusions 51 deform and relieve pressure under the action of gravity, simultaneously the drive wheel 58 winds drive shaft 57 rotates, makes gravity become rolling power, plays the effect to unmanned aerial vehicle absorbing shock, and the effectual unmanned aerial vehicle damage that causes that prevents to descend the in-process maloperation.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, in the expressway maintenance method according to the present invention, the first driving structure 64 includes a second motor 641, a second driving shaft 642, a first gear 643, bearings 644, a second driving rod 645, and a second gear 646, the second motor 641 for driving and the bearings 644 for guiding are disposed inside the dust box 62, the second driving shaft 642 is fixed to the second motor 641, the first gear 643 for transmission detachably connected to the second driving shaft 642 is disposed, the second driving shaft 642 of the cylindrical structure rotatably connected to the dust box 62 is disposed between the two bearings 644, the second gear 646 for transmission engaged with the first gear 643 is disposed on the second driving shaft 642, and a diameter of the second gear 646 is larger than a diameter of the first gear 643; the second motor 641 rotates to drive the first gear 643 to rotate the second gear 646, the second gear 646 rotates to enable the second driving shaft 642 to rotate inside the bearing 644, the second driving shaft 642 drives the second driving structure 65 to rotate, so as to adjust the irradiation angle of the energy-saving lamp 68, and the diameter of the second gear 646 is larger than that of the first driving gear 643, so that the second driving shaft 642 can rotate more slowly, and the control is more convenient.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, in the highway maintenance method according to the present invention, the second driving structure 65 includes a first connecting head 651, a sliding sleeve 652, a second sliding rod 653, a third motor 654, a fixed block 655, two second connecting heads 656, a guide rod 657, three guide shafts 658 and a fixed sleeve 659, the second driving shaft 642 penetrates through the fixed sleeve 659, one end of the fixed sleeve 659, which is away from the second driving shaft 642 for transmission, is provided with the two second connecting heads 651, one of the guide shafts 658 penetrates through and is connected to one of the second connecting heads 656 and the guide rod 657, the second connecting head 656 connected to the guide rod 657 is rotatably connected to the guide rod 657, the other end of the guide rod 657 is fixed to the limiting box 66, the other guide shaft 658 penetrates through and is connected to the other of the second connecting head 656 and the fixed block 655, the fixed block 655 is detachably connected with the third motor 654, the third motor 654 is connected with the second sliding rod 653 of a threaded cylindrical structure for transmission, the second sliding rod 653 is rotatably connected with the sliding sleeve 652, one end of the sliding sleeve 652, which is far away from the second sliding rod 653, is provided with the first connecting joint 651 which is rotatably connected through another guide shaft 658, and the first connecting joint 651 is fixed on the limit box 66; the third motor 654 rotates, the third motor 654 drives the second sliding rod 653 to rotate, the second sliding rod 653 rotates inside the sliding sleeve 652, so that the total length of the second sliding rod 653 and the sliding sleeve 652 is changed, the first connector 651 drives the guide rod 657 on the limit box 66 to rotate around the second connector 656, so as to adjust the angle of the energy-saving lamp 68, and the energy-saving lamp 68 can irradiate in multiple angles.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, according to the highway maintenance method, a lubricating structure 9 is arranged on the second sliding rod 653, the lubricating structure 9 includes an oil filling hole 91, an end cover 92 and an anti-skid block 93, the end cover 92 for sealing is arranged on the side wall of the second sliding rod 653, the anti-skid blocks 93 are arranged on the side wall of the end cover 92, the anti-skid blocks are arranged in a cylindrical structure and distributed in a circumferential array manner, and the oil filling hole 91 penetrates through the second sliding rod 653 and extends to the end cover 92; the end cover 92 is screwed, lubricating oil is added into the oil filling hole 91, so that the lubricating oil is more uniformly coated in the rotating process of the second sliding rod 653, and the lubricating oil is effectively prevented from being wasted.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, in the expressway maintenance method, the illumination structure 6 further comprises a rain cover 69, the limit box 66 is provided with the rain cover 69 in a truncated cone-shaped structure, and the rain cover 69 is in threaded connection with the limit box 66. Rain-proof cover 69 set up effectually to have prevented that the rainwater from getting into the inside of electricity-saving lamp 68 has improved the illuminating effect, and is right simultaneously loudspeaker 67 has the effect of public address, makes sound transmission effect better.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, in the method for maintaining a highway according to the present invention, the first sealing ring 7 having an annular structure is disposed between the cover plate 63 and the dust box 62, and the cover plate 63 and the dust box 62 are clamped between the first sealing ring 7 for sealing and waterproofing; first sealing washer 7 set up and has strengthened apron 63 with dust proof box 62's leakproofness has improved waterproof performance, is dismantling behind the apron 63 right dust proof box 63's internals maintains, makes the maintenance more convenient.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, in the expressway maintenance method, the second sealing ring 8 with a cylindrical structure is arranged between the unmanned aerial vehicle body 1 and the limiting plate 61; the sealing performance of the dust-proof box 62 is improved, and the rotation effect of the first driving structure 64 and the second driving structure 65 which are influenced by water in the interior is effectively prevented.
Firstly, the propeller 3 drives the unmanned aerial vehicle body 1 to fly above a highway, the unmanned aerial vehicle body 1 controls the landing legs 5 to contract after flying, a picture shot by the camera 2 is transmitted to the control end of the mobile phone, when a road section with poor road conditions needs to be illuminated, the first driving structure 64 is matched with the second driving structure 65 to drive the limiting box 66 to drive the energy-saving lamp 68 to rotate, so that light of the energy-saving lamp 68 irradiates on the highway, meanwhile, the horn 67 gives out instruction sound, the landing legs 5 extend in the descending process, and the unmanned aerial vehicle safely lands on the ground; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, the propeller 3 drives the unmanned aerial vehicle body 1 to fly above a highway, the first motor 55 rotates, the first motor 55 drives the first driving rod 56 to rotate, the first driving rod 56 drives the first sliding rod 53 to slide in the sleeve 54 along the direction close to the first motor 55, and the first sliding rod 53 is driven to contract, so that the occupied space of the first sliding rod 53 is effectively reduced, and the first sliding rod 53 is prevented from touching other objects in the flying process;
(2) the camera 2 shoots pictures and transmits the pictures to the control end of the mobile phone, when a road section with poor road conditions needs to be illuminated, the second motor 641 rotates to drive the first gear 643 to drive the second gear 646 to rotate, the second gear rotates 646 to enable the second driving shaft 642 to rotate inside the bearing 644, so as to drive the second driving structure 65 to rotate, the third motor 654 rotates, the third motor 654 drives the second sliding rod 653 to rotate, the second sliding rod 653 rotates inside the sliding sleeve 652, so as to enable the overall length of the second sliding rod 653 and the sliding sleeve 652 to change, the first connector 651 drives the guide rod 657 on the limiting box 66 to rotate around the second connector 656, so as to adjust the angle of the energy-saving lamp 68, so that the energy-saving lamp 68 can irradiate in multiple angles, and meanwhile, the horn 67 sends command sounds;
(3) in the aircraft landing process, first motor 55 rotates, first motor 55 drives first actuating lever 56 and rotates, first actuating lever 56 drives first slide bar 53 and slides along the direction that deviates from first motor 55 in the inside of sleeve 54, drive first slide bar 53 extension, when drive wheel 58 and ground contact, the decompression is warp to non-slip bulge 51 under the action of gravity, drive wheel 58 rotates around drive shaft 57 simultaneously, make gravity become rolling power, play the absorbing effect to unmanned aerial vehicle, the effectual unmanned aerial vehicle damage that causes in the landing in-process maloperation that prevents.
(4) When overhauing and maintaining, twist end cover 92, at the inside interpolation lubricating oil of oil filler point 91, it is more even to make lubricating oil paint at second slide bar 653 rotation in-process, and effectually prevents that lubricating oil is extravagant, maintains the internals of dust-proof box 63 after dismantling apron 63, makes the maintenance more convenient.
The four corners of the bottom end of the unmanned aerial vehicle body 1 are provided with the support legs 5, the positions of the support legs 5 can be adjusted in the flight process of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the occupied space of the support legs 5 is reduced, the support legs 5 are prevented from touching other objects in the flight process, the accident rate is reduced, the unmanned aerial vehicle is more convenient to operate, the camera 2 is matched with the lighting structure 6 to be convenient for exploring road conditions at night, meanwhile, the camera can temporarily illuminate zones with poor road conditions, the zones with poor road conditions on expressways can be timely treated, meanwhile, the camera has an early warning effect on the zones with poor road conditions, the exploration efficiency and quality of the unmanned aerial vehicle are greatly improved, the lighting angle of the energy-saving lamp 68 can be conveniently adjusted due to the matching of the first driving structure 64 and the second driving structure 65, the flexibility of the energy-saving lamp 68 is.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and the embodiments and descriptions given above are only illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (5)
1. A highway maintenance method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
carrying survey equipment by a road condition survey unmanned aerial vehicle to carry out flight survey along a highway;
step two, the reconnaissance equipment in the step one transmits the shot image data and the road surface flatness information to a control terminal;
thirdly, the data analysis module analyzes and processes the image data and the road surface evenness information transmitted in the second step, and displays the processed road surface evenness information, road surface temperature information and road surface roughness information on a display screen;
step four, the road section overhauling module compares the maintenance reference value with the information mark analyzed by the data analysis module in the step three, and marks the road section lower than the maintenance reference value and displays the road section mark on the display screen;
step five, the control terminal distributes road section information needing to be maintained to each maintenance station of the expressway according to the road section information marked on the display screen in the step four;
step six, each maintenance station of the expressway receives maintenance information of a road section needing to be maintained, wherein the maintenance information comprises the distance between the maintenance road section and the maintenance station and a screen screenshot of the maintenance road section;
seventhly, carrying maintenance tools to the damaged parts of the expressway to maintain according to the maintenance information by each maintenance station of the expressway;
the surveying equipment in the first step and the second step comprises a high-definition camera for shooting the highway pavement in real time, a wireless data transmitter for transmitting data information, a radar mapper for detecting the flatness of the inner surface of the expressway, a pavement roughness detection module for detecting the roughness of the highway pavement and an infrared temperature detector for detecting the real-time temperature of the highway pavement;
the road surface roughness detection module detects by using a light reflection principle;
the road condition investigation unmanned aerial vehicle in the first step comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle body (1), a storage battery box (4), a propeller (3), a camera (2), supporting legs (5) and an illumination structure (6); the camera (2) for exploration is arranged at the bottom end of the unmanned aerial vehicle body (1); the four corners of the bottom end of the unmanned aerial vehicle body (1) are provided with the supporting legs (5) for pressure relief support; the unmanned aerial vehicle body (1) is provided with the illumination structure (6) for illuminating, early warning and adjusting the angle; the lighting structure (6) comprises a limiting plate (61), a dust-proof box (62), a cover plate (63), a first driving structure (64), a second driving structure (65), a limiting box (66), a loudspeaker (67) and an energy-saving lamp (68); be equipped with on unmanned aerial vehicle body (1) can dismantle the rectangular structure of connection limiting plate (61), the welding has the dust proof box (62) that has the rectangular structure that holds the cavity on limiting plate (61), dust proof box (62) deviates from the one end of unmanned aerial vehicle body (1) is equipped with and is used for the rain-proof connection of dismantling apron (63), the inside of dust proof box (62) is equipped with be used for adjusting energy-saving lamp (68) angle first drive structure (64), just first drive structure (64) connect in second drive structure (65), second drive structure (65) with dust proof box (62) rotate to be connected, be used for adjusting energy-saving lamp (68) angle second drive structure (65) connect in spacing case (66), the inside of spacing case (66) is equipped with be used for the illumination energy-saving lamp (68) with be used for sending early warning instruction loudspeaker (67), the energy-saving lamps (68) are distributed on the limiting box (66) in an annular array manner;
the landing leg (5) comprises a plurality of anti-skid protrusions (51), a wheel carrier (52), a first sliding rod (53), a sleeve (54), a first motor (55), a first driving rod (56), a driving shaft (57) and a driving wheel (58), wherein the sleeve (54) is fixed at the four corners of the bottom end of the unmanned aerial vehicle body (1), the first motor (55) is fixed at one end of the sleeve (54) which is of a lower non-back-cover rectangular structure with a containing cavity and extends into the unmanned aerial vehicle body (1), the first driving rod (56) is in through connection with the first motor (55) and the sleeve (54), the first sliding rod (53) of a rectangular structure is arranged inside the sleeve (54), the first driving rod (56) is in sliding connection with the first sliding rod (53), the first sliding rod (53) is in sliding connection with the sleeve (54), one end of the first sliding rod (53) departing from the first driving rod (56) is provided with the wheel carrier (52), the driving shaft (57) is connected with the wheel carrier (52) and the driving wheel (58) for driving pressure relief in a penetrating manner, and the side wall of the driving wheel (58) is provided with the anti-skid protrusions (51) which are distributed in a round array manner and have a plurality of hemispherical structures and are used for skid resistance;
the first driving structure (64) comprises a second motor (641), a second driving shaft (642), a first gear (643), a bearing (644), a second driving rod (645) and a second gear (646), the interior of the dust-proof box (62) is provided with the second motor (641) for driving and the bearing (644) for guiding, the second driving shaft (642) is fixed on the second motor (641), the second driving shaft (642) is provided with the first gear (643) which is detachably connected and used for transmission, the second driving shaft (642) which is in a cylindrical structure and is rotatably connected with the dust-proof box (62) is arranged between the two bearings (644), the second driving shaft (642) is provided with a second gear (646) which is meshed with the first gear (643) and is used for transmission, the diameter of the second gear (646) is greater than the diameter of the first gear (643);
the second driving structure (65) comprises a first connecting head (651), a sliding sleeve (652), a second sliding rod (653), a third motor (654), a fixed block (655), two second connecting heads (656), a guide rod (657), three guide shafts (658) and a fixed sleeve (659), the second driving shaft (642) penetrates through the fixed sleeve (659), two second connecting heads (651) are arranged at one end of the fixed sleeve (659) deviating from the second driving shaft (642) for transmission, one guide shaft (658) penetrates through one second connecting head (656) and the guide rod (657), the second connecting head (656) connected with the guide rod (657) is rotatably connected with the guide rod (657), the other end of the guide rod (657) is fixed on the limiting box (66), and the other guide shaft (658) penetrates through the other second connecting head (656) and the fixed block (655), the fixed block (655) is detachably connected with the third motor (654), the third motor (654) is connected with the second sliding rod (653) of the cylindrical structure with threads for transmission, the second sliding rod (653) is rotatably connected with the sliding sleeve (652), one end of the sliding sleeve (652) departing from the second sliding rod (653) is provided with a first connecting joint (651) which is rotatably connected through another guide shaft (658), and the first connecting joint (651) is fixed on the limit box (66).
2. A method of highway maintenance according to claim 1, wherein: be equipped with lubricating structure (9) on second slide bar (653), lubricating structure (9) include oil filler point (91), end cover (92) and non slipping spur (93), be equipped with being used for of cylinder structure on the lateral wall of second slide bar (653) sealed end cover (92), the lateral wall of end cover (92) is equipped with and is circumference array distribution's semi-cylinder structure non slipping spur (93), oil filler point (91) run through in second slide bar (653) extend to end cover (92).
3. A method of highway maintenance according to claim 1, wherein: illumination structure (6) still include rain-proof cover (69), be equipped with round platform shape structure on spacing case (66) rain-proof cover (69), just rain-proof cover (69) with spacing case (66) threaded connection.
4. A method of highway maintenance according to claim 1, wherein: the cover plate (63) and a first sealing ring (7) of an annular structure is arranged between the dust-proof boxes (62), and the cover plate (63) and the dust-proof boxes (62) are clamped on the first sealing ring (7) for sealing and water proofing.
5. A method of highway maintenance according to claim 1, wherein: unmanned aerial vehicle body (1) with be equipped with second sealing washer (8) of cylinder structure between limiting plate (61).
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| CN201810338618.7A CN108560381B (en) | 2018-04-16 | 2018-04-16 | Highway maintenance method |
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| CN201810338618.7A CN108560381B (en) | 2018-04-16 | 2018-04-16 | Highway maintenance method |
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| CN108931181B (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2020-06-05 | 高星慧 | Working face flatness detection device |
| CN112301846A (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2021-02-02 | 汉能移动能源控股集团有限公司 | Solar highway surface layer detection system and method |
| CN111749094A (en) * | 2020-07-12 | 2020-10-09 | 京山俊平机电科技有限公司 | Detection device for highway bridge maintenance and use method thereof |
| CN113955109A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-01-21 | 吕永涛 | Expressway maintenance method based on unmanned aerial vehicle technology |
| CN116716779B (en) * | 2023-08-02 | 2023-10-10 | 四川高速公路建设开发集团有限公司 | High-speed pavement flatness detection system and method based on unmanned aerial vehicle |
| CN117107600B (en) * | 2023-10-23 | 2023-12-19 | 四川高速公路建设开发集团有限公司 | Tunnel pavement detection system and method |
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| US20180067493A1 (en) * | 2016-09-02 | 2018-03-08 | Skyefish, Llc | Intelligent gimbal assembly and method for unmanned vehicle |
| CN206307267U (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-07-07 | 苏州曾智沃德智能科技有限公司 | A kind of Highway Survey unmanned plane of infrared ray positioning illumination |
| CN106697275A (en) * | 2017-01-21 | 2017-05-24 | 徐志勇 | Automatic early warning type unmanned aerial vehicle for public security |
| CN107117313B (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2019-03-12 | 东南大学 | A kind of unmanned plane road detection system based on BIM |
| CN207106862U (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2018-03-16 | 陕西安康领航智能股份有限公司 | A kind of unmanned plane take-off run device |
| CN107813956A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-03-20 | 成都智齐科技有限公司 | A kind of unmanned plane of adjustable shooting angle |
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