CN108558417B - 一种钛铝酸钙隔热耐火材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种钛铝酸钙隔热耐火材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108558417B
CN108558417B CN201810019057.4A CN201810019057A CN108558417B CN 108558417 B CN108558417 B CN 108558417B CN 201810019057 A CN201810019057 A CN 201810019057A CN 108558417 B CN108558417 B CN 108558417B
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titanium
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赵惠忠
陈建威
张寒
余俊
王相辉
刘艳丽
冯立
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Jinzhou Guotai Industrial Co ltd
Wuhan University of Science and Engineering WUSE
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Wuhan University of Science and Engineering WUSE
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种钛铝酸钙隔热耐火材料及其制备方法。其技术方案是：先按钛铝酸钙细粉∶焦粉的质量比为(8~9)∶1，将钛铝酸钙细粉和焦粉预混，再置于管式炉中，在氮气气氛和1600~1700℃条件下保温，冷却，破碎，磁选；于1400~1450℃条件下保温，冷却，破碎，研磨至粒度≤0.088mm，得混合料。然后向所述混合料中加入占所述混合料2~3wt%的十二烷基苯磺酸钠、3~8wt%的糊精、0.2~0.5wt%的聚丙烯酸钠和35~40wt%的水，搅拌，成型，养护，干燥，1400~1500℃条件下保温，制得钛铝酸钙隔热耐火材料。本发明具有成本低廉、工艺简单和成品率高的特点；所制备制品体积密度小、耐压强度大、高温抗折强度大、导热系数小和抗热震性优良。

Description

一种钛铝酸钙隔热耐火材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于隔热耐火材料技术领域。具体涉及一种钛铝酸钙隔热耐火材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前我国工业窑衬的热效率平均不到40%，相对发达国家的工业炉热效率有约20%的差距。轻质耐火材料作为热工设备必备的节能材料，具有导热系数低、热震稳定性好和耐高温等优点。因此，大力发展高效保温隔热技术具有十分重要的意义。此外，随着工业废渣的大量堆积，合理回收利用工业废渣实现可持续发展具有重要的实际意义。
“一种钛铝酸钙隔热材料及其制备方法”（CN106747527A）专利技术，通过发泡法制备的钛铝酸钙隔热材料虽具有较低的导热系数，但由于钛铝酸钙中的Ca((Al0.84Ti0.16)2)6O19物相在高温下脱溶出的氧化钛会存在于CA6晶粒之间，从而导致钛铝酸钙隔热材料的高温强度下降及导热系数上升。“一种轻质莫来石-碳化硅耐火材料及其制备方法”（CN103553650A）专利技术，以多孔莫来石-碳化硅颗粒、莫来石细粉、碳化硅细粉等作为原料，通过机压成型，由氢氧化铝和碳酸镁在高温下的分解产生的气体造孔，该轻质莫来石-碳化硅耐火材料虽具有较高的强度，但仍有较高的体积密度。
发明内容
本发明旨在克服现有技术缺陷，目的在于提供一种成本低廉、工艺简单和成品率高的钛铝酸钙隔热耐火材料的制备方法，用该方法制备的钛铝酸钙隔热耐火材料体积密度小、耐压强度大、高温抗折强度大、导热系数小和抗热震性优良。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案的步骤是：
第一步、按钛铝酸钙细粉∶焦粉的质量比为(8~9)∶1，将所述钛铝酸钙细粉和所述焦粉预混1~2小时，得预混料；再将所述预混料置于管式炉中，在氮气气氛和1600~1700℃条件下保温1~2小时，随炉冷却，破碎，磁选；然后于1400~1450℃条件下保温0.5~1小时，随炉冷却，破碎，研磨至粒度≤0.088mm，得混合料。
第二步、向所述混合料中加入占所述混合料2~3wt%的十二烷基苯磺酸钠、3~8wt%的糊精、0.2~0.5wt%的聚丙烯酸钠和35~40wt%的水，搅拌6~8min，振动成型，室温条件下养护8~12h，100~110℃条件下干燥20~24h，于1400~1500℃条件下保温2~3小时，制得钛铝酸钙隔热耐火材料。
所述钛铝酸钙细粉的主要化学成分是：Al2O3≥74.18wt%，CaO≥11.69wt%，TiO2≥11.08wt%；所述钛铝酸钙细粉的粒度≤0.088mm。
所述焦粉的粒度是≤0.088mm。
由于采用上述技术方案，本发明与现有技术相比具有以下优点：
1、本发明所采用的主要原料—钛铝酸钙不仅来源丰富和成本低廉，且制备工艺简单。
2、本发明对钛铝酸钙原料进行了除钛处理，消除了钛铝酸钙中大部分的氧化钛，从而使得钛铝酸钙中具有层片状晶形的CA6物相含量增加。层片状晶形的CA6具有极低的导热系数、优良的高温体积稳定性、抗热震性等优点。
3、本发明采用发泡法制得的钛铝酸钙隔热耐火材料孔径尺寸可控，实现了微米级、亚微米级和纳米级多级孔配合。
本发明所制备的钛铝酸钙隔热耐火材料经检测：成品率为99.5~99.9%；体积密度为0.5~0.7g·cm-3；耐压强度为8~13MPa；1200℃的高温抗折强度为3~5MPa；导热系数为0.2~0.4W·m-1·K-1(1000℃)；1100℃水冷试验条件下，抗热震次数为18~23次。
因此，本发明具有成本低廉、工艺简单和成品率高的特点；所制备的钛铝酸钙隔热耐火材料体积密度小、耐压强度大、高温抗折强度大、导热系数小和抗热震性优良。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的描述，并非对其保护范围的限制。
为避免重复，先将本具体实施方式所涉及的物料统一描述如下，实施例中不再赘述：
所述钛铝酸钙细粉的主要化学成分是：Al2O3≥74.18wt%，CaO≥11.69wt%，TiO2≥11.08wt%；所述钛铝酸钙细粉的粒度≤0.088mm。
所述焦粉的粒度是≤0.088mm。
实施例1
一种钛铝酸钙隔热耐火材料及其制备方法。本实施例所述制备方法的步骤是：
第一步、按钛铝酸钙细粉∶焦粉的质量比为(8~8.4)∶1，将所述钛铝酸钙细粉和所述焦粉预混1~2小时，得预混料；再将所述预混料置于管式炉中，在氮气气氛和1600~1650℃条件下保温1~1.6小时，随炉冷却，破碎，磁选；然后于1400~1430℃条件下保温0.5~0.8小时，随炉冷却，破碎，研磨至粒度≤0.088mm，得混合料。
第二步、向所述混合料中加入占所述混合料2~3wt%的十二烷基苯磺酸钠、6~8wt%的糊精、0.2~0.5wt%的聚丙烯酸钠和35~37wt%的水，搅拌6~8min，振动成型，室温条件下养护8~12h，100~110℃条件下干燥20~24h，于1400~1450℃条件下保温2~3小时，制得钛铝酸钙隔热耐火材料。
本实施例所制备的钛铝酸钙隔热耐火材料经检测：成品率为99.5~99.9%；体积密度为0.65~0.7g·cm-3；耐压强度为11~13MPa；1200℃的高温抗折强度为4.5~5MPa；导热系数为0.35~0.4W·m-1·K-1(1000℃)；1100℃水冷试验条件下，抗热震次数为18~20次。
实施例2
一种钛铝酸钙隔热耐火材料及其制备方法。本实施例所述制备方法的步骤是：
第一步、按钛铝酸钙细粉∶焦粉的质量比为(8.2~8.6)∶1，将所述钛铝酸钙细粉和所述焦粉预混1~2小时，得预混料；再将所述预混料置于管式炉中，在氮气气氛和1650~1700℃条件下保温1.4~2.0小时，随炉冷却，破碎，磁选；然后于1420~1450℃条件下保温0.7~1.0小时，随炉冷却，破碎，研磨至粒度≤0.088mm，得混合料。
第二步、向所述混合料中加入占所述混合料2~3wt%的十二烷基苯磺酸钠、4~6wt%的糊精、0.2~0.5wt%的聚丙烯酸钠和36~38wt%的水，搅拌6~8min，振动成型，室温条件下养护8~12h，100~110℃条件下干燥20~24h，于1400~1450℃条件下保温2~3小时，制得钛铝酸钙隔热耐火材料。
本实施例所制备的钛铝酸钙隔热耐火材料经检测：成品率为99.5~99.9%；体积密度为0.60~0.66g·cm-3；耐压强度为10~12MPa；1200℃的高温抗折强度为4.0~4.6MPa；导热系数为0.30~0.36W·m-1·K-1(1000℃)；1100℃水冷试验条件下，抗热震次数为19~21次。
实施例3
一种钛铝酸钙隔热耐火材料及其制备方法。本实施例所述制备方法的步骤是：
第一步、按钛铝酸钙细粉∶焦粉的质量比为(8.4~8.8)∶1，将所述钛铝酸钙细粉和所述焦粉预混1~2小时，得预混料；再将所述预混料置于管式炉中，在氮气气氛和1600~1650℃条件下保温1~1.6小时，随炉冷却，破碎，磁选；然后于1400~1430℃条件下保温0.5~0.8小时，随炉冷却，破碎，研磨至粒度≤0.088mm，得混合料。
第二步、向所述混合料中加入占所述混合料2~3wt%的十二烷基苯磺酸钠、5~7wt%的糊精、0.2~0.5wt%的聚丙烯酸钠和37~39wt%的水，搅拌6~8min，振动成型，室温条件下养护8~12h，100~110℃条件下干燥20~24h，于1450~1500℃条件下保温2~3小时，制得钛铝酸钙隔热耐火材料。
本实施例所制备的钛铝酸钙隔热耐火材料经检测：成品率为99.5~99.9%；体积密度为0.55~0.61g·cm-3；耐压强度为9~11MPa；1200℃的高温抗折强度为3.5~4.1MPa；导热系数为0.25~0.31W·m-1·K-1(1000℃)；1100℃水冷试验条件下，抗热震次数为21~23次。
实施例4
一种钛铝酸钙隔热耐火材料及其制备方法。本实施例所述制备方法的步骤是：
第一步、按钛铝酸钙细粉∶焦粉的质量比为(8.6~9.0)∶1，将所述钛铝酸钙细粉和所述焦粉预混1~2小时，得预混料；再将所述预混料置于管式炉中，在氮气气氛和1650~1700℃条件下保温1.4~2.0小时，随炉冷却，破碎，磁选；然后于1420~1450℃条件下保温0.7~1.0小时，随炉冷却，破碎，研磨至粒度≤0.088mm，得混合料。
第二步、向所述混合料中加入占所述混合料2~3wt%的十二烷基苯磺酸钠、3~5wt%的糊精、0.2~0.5wt%的聚丙烯酸钠和38~40wt%的水，搅拌6~8min，振动成型，室温条件下养护8~12h，100~110℃条件下干燥20~24h，于1450~1500℃条件下保温2~3小时，制得钛铝酸钙隔热耐火材料。
本实施例所制备的钛铝酸钙隔热耐火材料经检测：成品率为99.5~99.9%；体积密度为0.50~0.56g·cm-3；耐压强度为8~10MPa；1200℃的高温抗折强度为3.0~3.6MPa；导热系数为0.20~0.26W·m-1·K-1(1000℃)；1100℃水冷试验条件下，抗热震次数为20~22次。
本具体实施方式与现有技术相比具有以下优点：
1、本具体实施方式所采用的主要原料—钛铝酸钙不仅来源丰富和成本低廉，且制备工艺简单。
2、本具体实施方式对钛铝酸钙原料进行了除钛处理，消除了钛铝酸钙中大部分的氧化钛，从而使得钛铝酸钙中具有层片状晶形的CA6物相含量增加。层片状晶形的CA6具有极低的导热系数、优良的高温体积稳定性、抗热震性等优点。
3、本具体实施方式采用发泡法制得的钛铝酸钙隔热耐火材料孔径尺寸可控，实现了微米级、亚微米级和纳米级多级孔配合。
本具体实施方式所制备的钛铝酸钙隔热耐火材料经检测：成品率为99.5~99.9%；体积密度为0.5~0.7g·cm-3；耐压强度为8~13MPa；1200℃的高温抗折强度为3~5MPa；导热系数为0.2~0.4W·m-1·K-1(1000℃)；1100℃水冷试验条件下，抗热震次数为18~23次。
因此，本具体实施方式具有成本低廉、工艺简单和成品率高的特点；所制备的钛铝酸钙隔热耐火材料体积密度小、耐压强度大、高温抗折强度大、导热系数小和抗热震性优良。

Claims (3)

1.一种钛铝酸钙隔热耐火材料的制备方法，其特征在于所述制备方法的步骤是：
第一步、按钛铝酸钙细粉∶焦粉的质量比为(8～9)∶1，将所述钛铝酸钙细粉和所述焦粉预混1～2小时，得预混料；再将所述预混料置于管式炉中，在氮气气氛和1600～1700℃条件下保温1～2小时，随炉冷却，破碎，磁选；然后于1400～1450℃条件下保温0.5～1小时，随炉冷却，破碎，研磨至粒度≤0.088mm，得混合料；
第二步、向所述混合料中加入占所述混合料2～3wt％的十二烷基苯磺酸钠、3～8wt％的糊精、0.2～0.5wt％的聚丙烯酸钠和35～40wt％的水，搅拌6～8min，振动成型，室温条件下养护8～12h，100～110℃条件下干燥20～24h，于1400～1500℃条件下保温2～3小时，制得钛铝酸钙隔热耐火材料；所述钛铝酸钙细粉的主要化学成分是：Al2O3≥74.18wt％，CaO≥11.69wt％，TiO2≥11.08wt％；所述钛铝酸钙细粉的粒度≤0.088mm。
2.根据权利要求1所述的钛铝酸钙隔热耐火材料的制备方法，其特征在于所述焦粉的粒度是≤0.088mm。
3.一种钛铝酸钙隔热耐火材料，其特征在于所述钛铝酸钙隔热耐火材料是根据权利要求1～2项中任一项所述的钛铝酸钙隔热耐火材料的制备方法所制备的钛铝酸钙隔热耐火材料。
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