CN108546092A - 一种高炉用氮化硅质喷补料的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种高炉用氮化硅质喷补料的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108546092A
CN108546092A CN201810692920.2A CN201810692920A CN108546092A CN 108546092 A CN108546092 A CN 108546092A CN 201810692920 A CN201810692920 A CN 201810692920A CN 108546092 A CN108546092 A CN 108546092A
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magnesia
blast furnace
silicon nitride
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胡丽春
兰梅菊
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Foshan Mausoleum Environmental Protection Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种高炉用氮化硅质喷补料的制备方法，属于钢铁冶炼技术领域。本发明将氧化石墨烯，纳米铁粉，聚二甲基硅氧烷，乳化剂，海藻酸钠液混合球磨，接着滴加氨水调节pH至10.1～10.3，过滤，即得预处理添加料；将稻壳粉，海泡石，麦饭石，沼液，蔗糖，海藻酸钠液混合发酵，过滤，干燥，炭化，得改性滤渣；将钙矾石，混合镁砂，三聚磷酸钠，铝镁尖晶石，蓝晶石，氧化锆，结合剂，电熔刚玉，预处理添加料，矿渣和改性滤渣混合球磨，即得喷补料。本发明提供的高炉用氮化硅质喷补料具有优异的力学性能和抗渣性能。

Description

一种高炉用氮化硅质喷补料的制备方法
技术领域
本发明公开了一种高炉用氮化硅质喷补料的制备方法，属于钢铁冶炼技术领域。
背景技术
钢水冶炼设备如转炉、电炉、钢包、RH炉等使用条件越来越苛刻， 表现为：冶炼温度高、时间长，冶炼工艺过程复杂遭受冷热交替热循环破 坏，钢水循环量增大对工作衬耐材造成较大冲刷磨损，冶炼钢种变化造成 渣系改变造成对材料侵蚀。目前对衬材料进行喷补维护是延长使用寿命、 降低耐材消耗的重要措施之一。
高炉连续运行，出铁过程属于间歇出铁，铁水温度高，出铁时间长，铁沟 长期出现冷热交替的影响，又要承受炉渣和铁水的冲刷侵蚀，经常倒置沟衬出 现裂纹和剥落，铁沟在使用过程中始终存在着熔损不均匀的现象，为延长铁钩 的使用寿命，维护高炉的正常运行，一般在铁钩使用间歇周期内，对其进行免 烘烤捣打料的维护人热修补。
在高炉冶炼生产上，由于免烘烤料自身多种因素影响，存在质量极不稳定 的问题，过铁量水平一直处于低弱状态；当前使用的喷补料热震性差，在受到 炉渣和铁水冲刷的作用下，经常导致沟衬的裂纹和剥落，严重影响使用寿命； 此外当前的铁钩喷补料的通铁量低，维修频繁，加大了劳动强度，也影响设备 的运转率。
虽然喷补料的成分一直在改进，但是目前转炉、电炉用喷补料 仍存在很多缺陷，主要表现在：1)附着性能差、回弹率高；2)烧 结性能差；3)烧结剂一般为三聚磷酸钠和六偏磷酸钠，但是六偏磷 酸钠的吸水性强，导致喷补料因受潮而不易存放。目前传统的高炉用氮化硅质喷补料还存在力学性能和抗渣性能无法进一步提高的问题，因此还需对其进行研究。
发明内容
本发明主要解决的技术问题是：针对传统高炉用氮化硅质喷补料力学性能和抗渣性能无法进一步提高的问题，提供了一种高炉用氮化硅质喷补料的制备方法。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明所采用的技术方案是：
（1）按重量份数计，将20～30份氧化石墨烯，20～30份纳米铁粉，10～20份聚二甲基硅氧烷，8～10份乳化剂，50～60份海藻酸钠液混合球磨，接着滴加氨水调节pH至10.1～10.3，过滤，即得预处理添加料；
（2）将稻壳粉碎，过100目的筛，得稻壳粉；
（3）按重量份数计，将20～30份稻壳粉，10～20份海泡石，10～20份麦饭石，3～5份沼液，3～5份蔗糖，40～60份海藻酸钠液混合发酵，过滤，干燥，炭化，得改性滤渣；
（4）按重量份数计，将10～20份钙矾石，60～70份混合镁砂，2～8份三聚磷酸钠，2～6份铝镁尖晶石，1～3份蓝晶石，5～8份氧化锆，10～18份结合剂，10～20份电熔刚玉，10～15份预处理添加料，10～15份矿渣和5～8份改性滤渣混合球磨，即得高炉用氮化硅质喷补料。
所述海藻酸钠液的制备过程为：将海藻酸钠与水按质量比1：30～1：50混合，静置溶胀后，加热搅拌溶解，即得海藻酸钠液。
所述结合剂是由以下重量份数的原料组成：20～30份粘土，20～30份氯氧镁水泥，8～10份氮化铝。
所述铝镁尖晶石粒径为0.2～2.0mm。
所述蓝晶石粒径为0.1～1.2mm。
所述混合镁砂为1～3mm的镁砂与粒径为0.078～0.086mm的镁砂按质量比2：1～1：1混合，并加入粒径为1～3mm的镁砂质量0.3～0.4倍的粒径小于0.088mm的镁砂，搅拌混合，得混合镁砂。
所述矿渣为铜矿渣，锰矿渣或铁矿渣中的任意一种。
所述乳化剂为烷基糖苷，斯潘-80，十二烷基苯磺酸钠或吐温-60中的任意一种。
本发明的有益效果是：
（1）本发明通过添加预处理添加料，在使用过程中，聚二甲基硅氧烷以硅氧健为主链，由于硅氧健极性大、键能高，在高温条件下不易断裂，提高了体系的热稳定性，随着温度逐渐上升，聚二甲基硅氧烷的硅烷健断裂分解，而残余的硅氧健与纳米铁粉结合生成硅氧铁合金层，使得体系的力学性能得到提升，一方面，各组分间的结合力，使得体系的力学性能得到提升，另一方面，硅氧铁合金层可有效阻隔外界废渣的入侵，从而提升体系的抗渣性能；
（2）本发明通过添加改性滤渣，使用本产品时，在充氮高温条件下，改性滤渣中的炭质与稻壳中的二氧化硅反应，生成的氮化硅，生成的氮化硅使得体系的力学性能得到提升。
具体实施方式
将海藻酸钠与水按质量比1：30～1：50置于1号烧杯中，用玻璃棒搅拌10～20min，静置溶胀3～5h后，将1号烧杯置于数显测速恒温磁力搅拌器中，于温度为80～85℃，转速为300～500r/min条件下，加热搅拌溶解40～60min，即得海藻酸钠液；按重量份数计，将20～30份粘土，20～30份氯氧镁水泥，8～10份氮化铝置于球磨机中球磨混合，过80目的筛，得结合剂；按重量份数计，将20～30份氧化石墨烯，20～30份纳米铁粉，50～60份海藻酸钠液置于球磨机中混合球磨40～60min，接着向球磨机中滴加氨水调节pH至10.1～10.3，得混合浆液，随后将混合浆料过滤，即得预处理添加料；将稻壳置于粉碎机粉碎，过100目的筛，得稻壳粉；按重量份数计，将20～30份稻壳粉，10～20份海泡石，10～20份麦饭石，3～5份沼液，3～5份蔗糖，40～60份海藻酸钠液置于发酵釜中，于温度为30～35℃，转速为100～200r/min条件下，混合发酵3～5天，得发酵混合液，再将发酵混合液过滤，得滤饼，接着将滤饼置于烘箱中，于温度为105～110℃条件下，干燥至恒重，得干燥滤饼，接着将干燥滤饼置于炭化炉中，并以60～90mL/min速率向炉内充入氮气，于温度为550～750℃条件下，炭化1～3h后，随炉降至室温，得改性滤渣；按重量份数计，将10～20份钙矾石，60～70份混合镁砂，2～8份三聚磷酸钠，2～6份铝镁尖晶石，1～3份蓝晶石，5～8份氧化锆，10～18份结合剂，10～20份电熔刚玉，10～15份预处理添加料，10～15份矿渣和5～8份改性滤渣置于球磨机中混合球磨1~2h，即得高炉用氮化硅质喷补料。所述铝镁尖晶石粒径为0.2～2.0mm。所述蓝晶石粒径为0.1～1.2mm。所述混合镁砂为1～3mm的镁砂与粒径为0.078～0.086mm的镁砂按质量比2：1～1：1混合，并加入粒径为1～3mm的镁砂质量0.3～0.4倍的粒径小于0.086mm的镁砂，搅拌混合，得混合镁砂。所述矿渣为铜矿渣，锰矿渣或铁矿渣中的任意一种。所述乳化剂为烷基糖苷，斯潘-80，十二烷基苯磺酸钠或吐温-60中的任意一种。
实例1
将海藻酸钠与水按质量比1：50置于1号烧杯中，用玻璃棒搅拌20min，静置溶胀5h后，将1号烧杯置于数显测速恒温磁力搅拌器中，于温度为85℃，转速为400r/min条件下，加热搅拌溶解60min，即得海藻酸钠液；按重量份数计，将30份粘土，30份氯氧镁水泥，10份氮化铝置于球磨机中球磨混合，过80目的筛，得结合剂；按重量份数计，将30份氧化石墨烯，30份纳米铁粉，60份海藻酸钠液置于球磨机中混合球磨60min，接着向球磨机中滴加氨水调节pH至10.3，得混合浆液，随后将混合浆料过滤，即得预处理添加料；将稻壳置于粉碎机粉碎，过100目的筛，得稻壳粉；按重量份数计，将30份稻壳粉，20份海泡石，20份麦饭石，5份沼液，5份蔗糖，60份海藻酸钠液置于发酵釜中，于温度为35℃，转速为200r/min条件下，混合发酵5天，得发酵混合液，再将发酵混合液过滤，得滤饼，接着将滤饼置于烘箱中，于温度为110℃条件下，干燥至恒重，得干燥滤饼，接着将干燥滤饼置于炭化炉中，并以90mL/min速率向炉内充入氮气，于温度为650℃条件下，炭化3h后，随炉降至室温，得改性滤渣；按重量份数计，将20份钙矾石，70份混合镁砂，8份三聚磷酸钠，6份铝镁尖晶石，3份蓝晶石，8份氧化锆，18份结合剂，20份电熔刚玉，15份预处理添加料，15份矿渣和8份改性滤渣置于球磨机中混合球磨1~2h，即得高炉用氮化硅质喷补料。所述铝镁尖晶石粒径为2.0mm。所述蓝晶石粒径为1.2mm。所述混合镁砂为3mm的镁砂与粒径为0.086mm的镁砂按质量比1：1混合，并加入粒径为3mm的镁砂质量0.4倍的粒径小于0.086mm的镁砂，搅拌混合，得混合镁砂。所述矿渣为铜矿渣。所述乳化剂为烷基糖苷。
实例2
将稻壳置于粉碎机粉碎，过100目的筛，得稻壳粉；按重量份数计，将30份稻壳粉，20份海泡石，20份麦饭石，5份沼液，5份蔗糖，60份海藻酸钠液置于发酵釜中，于温度为35℃，转速为200r/min条件下，混合发酵5天，得发酵混合液，再将发酵混合液过滤，得滤饼，接着将滤饼置于烘箱中，于温度为110℃条件下，干燥至恒重，得干燥滤饼，接着将干燥滤饼置于炭化炉中，并以90mL/min速率向炉内充入氮气，于温度为650℃条件下，炭化3h后，随炉降至室温，得改性滤渣；按重量份数计，将20份钙矾石，70份混合镁砂，8份三聚磷酸钠，6份铝镁尖晶石，3份蓝晶石，8份氧化锆，18份结合剂，20份电熔刚玉，15份矿渣和8份改性滤渣置于球磨机中混合球磨1~2h，即得高炉用氮化硅质喷补料。所述铝镁尖晶石粒径为2.0mm。所述蓝晶石粒径为1.2mm。所述混合镁砂为3mm的镁砂与粒径为0.086mm的镁砂按质量比1：1混合，并加入粒径为3mm的镁砂质量0.4倍的粒径小于0.086mm的镁砂，搅拌混合，得混合镁砂。所述矿渣为铜矿渣。所述乳化剂为烷基糖苷。
实例3
将海藻酸钠与水按质量比1：50置于1号烧杯中，用玻璃棒搅拌20min，静置溶胀5h后，将1号烧杯置于数显测速恒温磁力搅拌器中，于温度为85℃，转速为400r/min条件下，加热搅拌溶解60min，即得海藻酸钠液；按重量份数计，将30份粘土，30份氯氧镁水泥，10份氮化铝置于球磨机中球磨混合，过80目的筛，得结合剂；按重量份数计，将30份氧化石墨烯，30份纳米铁粉，60份海藻酸钠液置于球磨机中混合球磨60min，接着向球磨机中滴加氨水调节pH至10.3，得混合浆液，随后将混合浆料过滤，即得预处理添加料；将稻壳置于粉碎机粉碎，过100目的筛，得稻壳粉；按重量份数计，将30份稻壳粉，20份海泡石，20份麦饭石，5份沼液，5份蔗糖，60份海藻酸钠液置于发酵釜中，于温度为35℃，转速为200r/min条件下，混合发酵5天，得发酵混合液，再将发酵混合液过滤，得滤饼，接着将滤饼置于烘箱中，于温度为110℃条件下，干燥至恒重，得干燥滤饼，接着将干燥滤饼置于炭化炉中，并以90mL/min速率向炉内充入氮气，于温度为650℃条件下，炭化3h后，随炉降至室温，得改性滤渣；按重量份数计，将20份钙矾石，70份混合镁砂，8份三聚磷酸钠，6份铝镁尖晶石，3份蓝晶石，8份氧化锆，18份结合剂，20份电熔刚玉，15份预处理添加料和8份改性滤渣置于球磨机中混合球磨1~2h，即得高炉用氮化硅质喷补料。所述铝镁尖晶石粒径为2.0mm。所述蓝晶石粒径为1.2mm。所述混合镁砂为3mm的镁砂与粒径为0.086mm的镁砂按质量比1：1混合，并加入粒径为3mm的镁砂质量0.4倍的粒径小于0.086mm的镁砂，搅拌混合，得混合镁砂。所述乳化剂为烷基糖苷。
实例4
将海藻酸钠与水按质量比1：50置于1号烧杯中，用玻璃棒搅拌20min，静置溶胀5h后，将1号烧杯置于数显测速恒温磁力搅拌器中，于温度为85℃，转速为400r/min条件下，加热搅拌溶解60min，即得海藻酸钠液；按重量份数计，将30份粘土，30份氯氧镁水泥，10份氮化铝置于球磨机中球磨混合，过80目的筛，得结合剂；按重量份数计，将30份氧化石墨烯，30份纳米铁粉，60份海藻酸钠液置于球磨机中混合球磨60min，接着向球磨机中滴加氨水调节pH至10.3，得混合浆液，随后将混合浆料过滤，即得预处理添加料；按重量份数计，将20份钙矾石，70份混合镁砂，8份三聚磷酸钠，6份铝镁尖晶石，3份蓝晶石，8份氧化锆，18份结合剂，20份电熔刚玉，15份预处理添加料和15份矿渣置于球磨机中混合球磨1~2h，即得高炉用氮化硅质喷补料。所述铝镁尖晶石粒径为2.0mm。所述蓝晶石粒径为1.2mm。所述混合镁砂为3mm的镁砂与粒径为0.086mm的镁砂按质量比1：1混合，并加入粒径为3mm的镁砂质量0.4倍的粒径小于0.086mm的镁砂，搅拌混合，得混合镁砂。所述矿渣为铜矿渣。所述乳化剂为烷基糖苷。
对比例：大石桥市某耐火材料有限公司生产的喷补料。
将实例1至4所得的高炉用氮化硅质喷补料及对比例产品进行性能检测，具体检测方法如下：
1.强度：在三联模内浇注成型160mm×40mm×40mm的样块，检测其1500℃烧成后的抗压强度；
2.抗渣侵蚀性：浇注成型抗渣坩埚，检测其在1500℃的抗高炉渣侵蚀后线变化率。
具体检测结果如表1所示：
表1：强度及抗渣侵蚀具体检测结果
由表1检测结果可知，本发明技术方案所得高炉用氮化硅质喷补料具有优异的力学性能和抗渣性能，具有广阔的应用前景。

Claims (8)

1.一种高炉用氮化硅质喷补料的制备方法，其特征在于具体制备步骤如下：
（1）按重量份数计，将20～30份氧化石墨烯，20～30份纳米铁粉，10～20份聚二甲基硅氧烷，8～10份乳化剂，50～60份海藻酸钠液混合球磨，接着滴加氨水调节pH至10.1～10.3，过滤，即得预处理添加料；
（2）将稻壳粉碎，过100目的筛，得稻壳粉；
（3）按重量份数计，将20～30份稻壳粉，10～20份海泡石，10～20份麦饭石，3～5份沼液，3～5份蔗糖，40～60份海藻酸钠液混合发酵，过滤，干燥，炭化，得改性滤渣；
（4）按重量份数计，将10～20份钙矾石，60～70份混合镁砂，2～8份三聚磷酸钠，2～6份铝镁尖晶石，1～3份蓝晶石，5～8份氧化锆，10～18份结合剂，10～20份电熔刚玉，10～15份预处理添加料，10～15份矿渣和5～8份改性滤渣混合球磨，即得高炉用氮化硅质喷补料。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种高炉用氮化硅质喷补料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述海藻酸钠液的制备过程为：将海藻酸钠与水按质量比1：30～1：50混合，静置溶胀后，加热搅拌溶解，即得海藻酸钠液。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种高炉用氮化硅质喷补料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述结合剂是由以下重量份数的原料组成：20～30份粘土，20～30份氯氧镁水泥，8～10份氮化铝。
4.根据权利要求1所述一种高炉用氮化硅质喷补料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述铝镁尖晶石粒径为0.2～2.0mm。
5.根据权利要求1所述一种高炉用氮化硅质喷补料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述蓝晶石粒径为0.1～1.2mm。
6.根据权利要求1所述一种高炉用氮化硅质喷补料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述混合镁砂为1～3mm的镁砂与粒径为0.078～0.086mm的镁砂按质量比2：1～1：1混合，并加入粒径为1～3mm的镁砂质量0.3～0.4倍的粒径小于0.088mm的镁砂，搅拌混合，得混合镁砂。
7.根据权利要求1所述一种高炉用氮化硅质喷补料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述矿渣为铜矿渣，锰矿渣或铁矿渣中的任意一种。
8.根据权利要求1所述一种高炉用氮化硅质喷补料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述乳化剂为烷基糖苷，斯潘-80，十二烷基苯磺酸钠或吐温-60中的任意一种。
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109877936A (zh) * 2019-02-25 2019-06-14 朱文杰 一种阻燃复合刨花板的制备方法
CN111943653A (zh) * 2020-07-01 2020-11-17 长兴云峰炉料有限公司 一种高炉出铁口用环保型无水炮泥及其制备方法

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109877936A (zh) * 2019-02-25 2019-06-14 朱文杰 一种阻燃复合刨花板的制备方法
CN111943653A (zh) * 2020-07-01 2020-11-17 长兴云峰炉料有限公司 一种高炉出铁口用环保型无水炮泥及其制备方法
CN111943653B (zh) * 2020-07-01 2023-02-03 长兴云峰炉料有限公司 一种高炉出铁口用环保型无水炮泥及其制备方法

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