CN108532292A - 全涤型经编间隔织物阻燃和拒水拒油多功能一步整理方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种全涤型经编间隔织物阻燃和拒水拒油多功能一步整理方法，其特征在于，将经水洗、定型后的间隔织物，在恒温恒湿、松弛条件下，放置至少12h；按浴比为1∶5‑1∶10称取去离子水，然后加入阻燃剂、杜邦三防Teflon C6助剂及非离子型渗透剂，搅拌，再加入冰醋酸后继续搅拌，得到改性溶液，预热；将间隔织物浸入改性溶液中5‑10min，浸轧，烘干，即得阻燃和拒水拒油间隔织物。本发明采用多功能一步整理，工艺流程简单，不仅提高生产效率又能节约生产成本，阻燃和拒水拒油效果优异，适合工业化生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于经编间隔织物阻燃和拒水拒油功能整理领域，特别涉及阻燃和拒水拒油的一步整理方法。
背景技术
全涤型经编间隔织物具有弯曲性能优异、透气性良好、压缩回弹性好、力学强度高等特性，被广泛应用于防护领域、汽车工业领域等；然而由于全涤型间隔织物易燃烧，在与其它材料复合时易出现粘合剂渗漏等不足也极大的限制了全涤型间隔织物的应用。
伴随着工业领域的快速发展，多功能性的纺织品市场需求也越来越大，通常要求经编间隔织物良好的阻燃和拒水拒油性能能够满足工业生产中需求的安全性和粘结性。目前获得阻燃和拒水拒油织物，一般有两个途径：一种是在纤维中添加阻燃和拒水拒油成分；另一种是通过阻燃和拒水拒油试剂对织物进行后整理。织物多功能性后整理的方法主要有：浸轧-烘焙法、涂层法、有机溶剂法等。在纤维中添加阻燃阻燃和拒水拒油成分相对后整理成本较高；而浸轧-烘焙两步法生产工艺繁杂，生产成本较大不利于普通工厂的产业化生产；涂层法和有机溶剂法会使织物的手感和风格变差且生产过程污染较大。现阶段，对间隔织物进行阻燃和拒水拒油整理多采用两步整理，整理过程中织物受到多次不同试剂浸轧、高温烘燥，对织物本身的物理性能以及后整理所得功能都会产生不良影响。因此，开发阻燃和拒水拒油多功能一步整理工艺很有必要。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是：提供一种全涤型经编间隔织物的阻燃和拒水拒油多功能整理方法，提高间隔织物的阻燃和拒水拒油效果。
为了解决上述问题，本发明提供了一种全涤型经编间隔织物阻燃和拒水拒油多功能一步整理方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
步骤1）：将经水洗、定型后的间隔织物，在恒温恒湿、松弛条件下，放置至少12h；
步骤2）：按浴比为1:5-1:10称取去离子水，然后加入阻燃剂、杜邦三防Teflon C6助剂（PHOBL CP-C）及非离子型渗透剂，搅拌，再加入冰醋酸后继续搅拌，得到改性溶液，预热；
步骤3）：将间隔织物浸入改性溶液中5-10min，浸轧，烘干，即得阻燃和拒水拒油间隔织物。
优选地，所述步骤1）中恒温条件具体为20-25℃，恒湿条件具体为相对湿度60-70%。
优选地，所述步骤1）中的间隔织物为全涤型织物。
优选地，所述步骤2）中阻燃剂为硫酸铵与氨基磺酸铵的混合物，其中，硫酸铵与氨基磺酸铵的质量比为3~6: 1；非离子型渗透剂含磷酸烷基酯的脂肪醇烯化氟加成化合物（WDN型）。
更优选地，所述阻燃剂采用亨斯迈阻燃试剂（FLOVAN CWF）。
优选地，所述步骤2）中阻燃剂的用量为5-10%owf，杜邦三防C6助剂的用量为5-10%owf；非离子渗透剂在改性溶液中的浓度为0.2-0.5g/L；冰醋酸在改性溶液中的浓度为0.5-2mol/L。
优选地，所述步骤2）中的预热为水浴预热，预热温度为30~50℃，预热时间为8-16min。
优选地，所述步骤3）中的浸轧为二浸二轧，带液率为60%-80%。
优选地，所述步骤3）中的烘干温度为170-190℃，烘干时间为1.5-3.0min。
本发明在确保阻燃和拒水拒油试剂协同作用互不影响的条件下，通过一步法对间隔织物进行整理，获得阻燃和拒水拒油多功能一体的产品。不仅可以减少整理过程对织物性能的影响，而且可以有效降低生产本。
本发明首先在恒温恒湿环境为20-25℃，相对湿度为60-70%的条件下将阻燃剂、拒水拒油剂、非离子型渗透剂和冰醋酸按既定的比例混合搅拌成整理剂对织物进行后整理，使得织物的纤维表面覆盖一层阻燃剂分子，同时在织物表面形成大量的低表面能的C-F键化合物，获得阻燃和拒水拒油效果。
因为产品的应用领域主要为汽车内饰包覆用，其在阻燃过程中需要满足对车内人员的无害性，因此主要选用无机型阻燃剂CWF，其在阻燃过程发烟量低，且织物热分解过程中不产生熔滴和有害气体，可以有效起到安全防护作用；使织物起到拒水拒油作用的主要成分为杜邦三防Teflon C6助剂（PHOBL CP-C），其在织物表面形成大量低表面能的C-F键化合物，从而获得拒水拒油效果；同时为了使织物能很好的与整理剂分子结合，选用非离子型渗透剂含磷酸烷基酯的脂肪醇烯化氟加成化合物（WDN）。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果在于：
（1）本发明采用阻燃和拒水拒油多功能一步整理的方法，使产品同时获得良好的阻燃和拒水拒油效果；
（2）本发明所使用的阻燃剂（FLOVAN CWF）和杜邦三防Teflon C6助剂（PHOBL CP-C）对环境友好无污染、对人体无害，而且整理工艺简便，既能节约成本又能提高生产效率，阻燃和拒水拒油性效果好；
（3）本发明适用于涤纶型织物，如涤纶性型单层织物、空间织物等的阻燃和拒水拒油整理，适用于工业化生产。
具体实施方式
为使本发明更明显易懂，兹以优选实施例，作详细说明如下。
实施例1
一种全涤型经编间隔织物阻燃和拒水拒油多功能一步整理方法：
第一步：原材料处理
1.将经过将经水洗、定型后的全涤型经编间隔织物，在恒温恒湿（20℃、相对湿度65%）、松弛的条件下，放置12h；
2.将全涤型经编间隔织物裁成25cm×25cm试样备用，并分别称取平均值：32.8125g。
第二步：全涤型经编间隔织物功能性整理
1.配制后整理溶液
a)取200ml去离子水至于500ml烧杯中；
b)分别称取阻燃剂（CWF）1.65g、三防Teflon C6助剂（PHOBL CP-C）1.65g（按照比值1:1配制）、WDN非离子型渗透剂含磷酸烷基酯的脂肪醇烯化氟加成化合物0.06g加入到前面量取的200ml去离子水的烧杯中，并至于搅拌器（150r/min）下搅拌10min。
2.阻燃和拒水拒油整理
a)将配制好的溶液置于45℃下的恒温水浴锅中，预热10min；
b)溶液温度稳定在45℃后，将准备好的试样浸入烧杯中处理5min；
c)取出试样，用小轧车浸轧（二浸二轧），控制带液率为70%-75%之间，180℃烘箱中热烘2min。
整理前/后的织物阻燃和拒水拒油性能如表1所示。
表1
实施例2
一种全涤型经编间隔织物阻燃和拒水拒油多功能一步整理方法：
第一步：原材料处理
1.将经过将经水洗、定型后的全涤型经编间隔织物，在恒温恒湿（20℃、相对湿度65%）、松弛的条件下，放置12h；
2.将全涤型经编间隔织物裁成25cm×25cm试样备用，并分别称取平均值：32.8125g。
第二步：全涤型经编间隔织物功能性整理
1.配制后整理溶液
a)取200ml去离子水至于500ml烧杯中；
b)分别称取阻燃剂（CWF）3.30g、三防Teflon C6助剂（PHOBL CP-C）1.65g（按照比值2:1配制）、WDN非离子型渗透剂含磷酸烷基酯的脂肪醇烯化氟加成化合物0.06g加入到前面量取的200ml去离子水的烧杯中，并至于搅拌器（150r/min）下搅拌10min。
2.阻燃和拒水拒油整理
a)将配制好的溶液置于45℃下的恒温水浴锅中，预热10min；
b)溶液温度稳定在45℃后，将准备好的试样浸入烧杯中处理5min；
c)取出试样，用小轧车浸轧（二浸二轧），控制带液率为70%-75%之间，180℃烘箱中热烘2min。
整理前/后的织物阻燃和拒水拒油性能如表2所示。
表2
实施例3
一种全涤型经编间隔织物阻燃和拒水拒油多功能一步整理方法：
第一步：原材料处理
1.将经过将经水洗、定型后的全涤型经编间隔织物，在恒温恒湿（20℃、相对湿度65%）、松弛的条件下，放置12h；
2.将全涤型经编间隔织物裁成25cm×25cm试样备用，并分别称取平均值：32.8125g。
第二步：全涤型经编间隔织物功能性整理
1.配制后整理溶液
a)取200ml去离子水至于500ml烧杯中；
b)分别称取阻燃剂（CWF）1.65g、三防Teflon C6助剂（PHOBL CP-C）3.30g（按照比值1:2配制）、WDN非离子型渗透剂含磷酸烷基酯的脂肪醇烯化氟加成化合物0.06g加入到前面量取的200ml去离子水的烧杯中，并至于搅拌器（150r/min）下搅拌10min。
2.阻燃和拒水拒油整理
a)将配制好的溶液置于45℃下的恒温水浴锅中，预热10min；
b)溶液温度稳定在45℃后，将准备好的试样浸入烧杯中处理5min；
c)取出试样，用小轧车浸轧（二浸二轧），控制带液率为70%-75%之间，180℃烘箱中热烘2min。
整理前/后的织物阻燃和拒水拒油性能如表3所示。
表3
由表1-3可知：
（1）涤纶间隔织物经过阻燃和拒水拒油一步整理后，经纬向燃烧损毁长度明显下降（约70mm），这表明间隔织物的阻燃性有较大的提高；
（2）涤纶间隔织物经过阻燃和拒水拒油一步整理后，织物的拒水评分和拒油等级较未整理有明显提升，这表明间隔织物的拒水拒油性有较大的提高；
（3）涤纶间隔织物经过阻燃和拒水拒油一步整理后，可以同时达到良好的阻燃和拒水拒油多功能效果。
综上所述，本发明通过阻燃和拒水拒油多功能一步整理使涤纶经编间隔织物同时获得良好的阻燃性和拒水拒油性。而且，方法简单，适合工业化生产。
Claims (9)
1.一种全涤型经编间隔织物阻燃和拒水拒油多功能一步整理方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
步骤1）：将经水洗、定型后的间隔织物，在恒温恒湿、松弛条件下，放置至少12h；
步骤2）：按浴比为1:5-1:10称取去离子水，然后加入阻燃剂、杜邦三防Teflon C6助剂及非离子型渗透剂，搅拌，再加入冰醋酸后继续搅拌，得到改性溶液，预热；
步骤3）：将间隔织物浸入改性溶液中5-10min，浸轧，烘干，即得阻燃和拒水拒油间隔织物。
2.如权利要求1所述的全涤型经编间隔织物阻燃和拒水拒油多功能一步整理方法，其特征在于，所述步骤1）中恒温条件具体为20-25℃，恒湿条件具体为相对湿度60-70%。
3.如权利要求1所述的全涤型经编间隔织物阻燃和拒水拒油多功能一步整理方法，其特征在于，所述步骤1）中的间隔织物为全涤型织物。
4.如权利要求1所述的全涤型经编间隔织物阻燃和拒水拒油多功能一步整理方法，其特征在于，所述步骤2）中阻燃剂为硫酸铵与氨基磺酸铵的混合物，其中，硫酸铵与氨基磺酸铵的质量比为3~6: 1；非离子型渗透剂含磷酸烷基酯的脂肪醇烯化氟加成化合物。
5.如权利要求4所述的全涤型经编间隔织物阻燃和拒水拒油多功能一步整理方法，其特征在于，所述阻燃剂采用亨斯迈阻燃试剂。
6.如权利要求1所述的全涤型经编间隔织物阻燃和拒水拒油多功能一步整理方法，其特征在于，所述步骤2）中阻燃剂的用量为5-10%owf，杜邦三防C6助剂的用量为5-10%owf；非离子渗透剂在改性溶液中的浓度为0.2-0.5g/L；冰醋酸在改性溶液中的浓度为0.5-2mol/L。
7.如权利要求1所述的全涤型经编间隔织物阻燃和拒水拒油多功能一步整理方法，其特征在于，所述步骤2）中的预热为水浴预热，预热温度为30~50℃，预热时间为8-16min。
8.如权利要求1所述的全涤型经编间隔织物阻燃和拒水拒油多功能一步整理方法，其特征在于，所述步骤3）中的浸轧为二浸二轧，带液率为60%-80%。
9.如权利要求1所述的全涤型经编间隔织物阻燃和拒水拒油多功能一步整理方法，其特征在于，所述步骤3）中的烘干温度为170-190℃，烘干时间为1.5-3.0min。
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