CN108522091B - Household plant growth box and multi-objective optimization control method thereof - Google Patents

Household plant growth box and multi-objective optimization control method thereof Download PDF

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CN108522091B
CN108522091B CN201810109499.8A CN201810109499A CN108522091B CN 108522091 B CN108522091 B CN 108522091B CN 201810109499 A CN201810109499 A CN 201810109499A CN 108522091 B CN108522091 B CN 108522091B
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temperature
concentration
controller sends
heating wire
instruction
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CN108522091A (en
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王新忠
洪亚杰
陈健
卢青
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Jiangsu University
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/14—Greenhouses
    • A01G9/16—Dismountable or portable greenhouses ; Greenhouses with sliding roofs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/02—Treatment of plants with carbon dioxide
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
    • A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
    • A01G9/246—Air-conditioning systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D27/00—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00
    • G05D27/02—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00 characterised by the use of electric means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses

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  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a household plant growth box and a multi-objective optimization control method thereof2Access hose, indoor temperature and humidity sensor and CO2A sensor, a tin foil paper adhered on the inner wall of the growth chamber, an LED light source arranged at the top of the growth chamber, an air inlet fan and an exhaust fan arranged on the inner wall of the growth chamber, an electric heating wire and CO2The access hose is positioned in the groove of the clapboard; the control room is provided with an air switch, a switch power supply, a status indicator lamp, a controller, a timer switch and CO2Steel cylinder, pressure regulating valve, CO2The electromagnetic valve and the audible and visual alarm are used for separating the control chamber from the growth chamber by using the partition plate, and the controller selects a corresponding regulation and control scheme according to data transmitted by the sensor to heat, cool, dehumidify and maintain CO in the growth chamber2The balance of the growth box, the environmental requirements of plant growth are met, and the growth efficiency of the growth box and the quality of crops are improved.

Description

Household plant growth box and multi-objective optimization control method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant growth, and particularly relates to a household plant growth box and a multi-objective optimization control method thereof.
Technical Field
With the rapid development of global economy, the living standard of people is continuously improved, and balcony agriculture is rapidly rising. The plant growth box is popular due to the simple equipment and convenient control. The plants grow depending on their external environment, e.g. light, temperature, humidity, CO2The fluctuation of the environment in the growth chamber directly influences the growth and development of plants and influences the yield and quality of the plants, and the regulation of the environment factors in the growth chamber to meet the growth of crops has important significance.
In the prior art, for example, in chinese patent (CN201310468423.1), the temperature and humidity, illumination, and CO in the growth chamber are realized by the electric heater, the compressor, the humidifier, the internal and external circulation fans, and the circulation pump2Comprehensive control of concentration and nutrient solution. However, the plant growth box has higher cost and large occupied area, is suitable for industrial production and is not suitable for common families. In addition, the existing plant growth box control method neglects the light in the boxIllumination, temperature, humidity, CO2The concentration has strong interaction, nonlinearity, multiple constraints and mutual conflict relationship, so that untimely adjustment and energy waste are inevitable, and higher requirements are provided for control in the growth box.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a household plant growth box, which meets the environmental requirement of plant growth by intelligently regulating and controlling the internal environment of the growth box, and improves the growth efficiency of the growth box and the quality of crops; the invention also provides a multi-objective optimization control method of the plant growth box, and a user sets illumination, temperature, humidity and CO according to the types of plants in the plant growth box2The boundary condition of concentration ensures the growth of crops and simultaneously causes illumination, heating, cooling, dehumidification and CO2The input amount is minimized.
A household plant growth box comprises a control chamber and a growth chamber which are divided by a partition plate, wherein the growth chamber is provided with an LED light source, an air inlet fan, an exhaust fan, an electric heating wire and CO2Access hose, indoor temperature and humidity sensor and CO2Sensor, LED light source and exhaust fan on the top of the growth chamber, air inlet fan on the lower side wall of the growth chamber, indoor temperature and humidity sensor and CO sensor2The sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the growth chamber, and CO is2The access hose is fixed in the square groove on the partition plate, and the electric heating wire is fixed in the U-shaped groove on the partition plate; the control room is provided with an air switch, a switch power supply, a status indicator lamp, a controller, a timer switch and CO2Steel cylinder, pressure regulating valve, CO2Electromagnetic valve, audible and visual alarm, CO2The outlet of the steel cylinder is provided with a pressure regulating valve, and the controller is connected with an external power supply through an air switch and a switch power supply; an outdoor temperature and humidity sensor and a liquid crystal display are arranged on the outer side wall surface of the growth box.
In the above scheme, the bottom of the growth box is provided with the universal wheel, the electric heating wire is an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy electric heating wire or a nickel-chromium alloy electric heating wire, and the CO is2The access hose is a rubber hose with the diameter of 8-15mm, the clapboard is provided with a circular through hole and CO2The access hose is connected to the CO through the circular through hole2The steel bottle, the heating wire passes circular through-hole and is connected to the controller, audible-visual annunciator comprises LED pilot lamp and bee calling organ, U type recess degree of depth equals the heating wire diameter, square groove degree of depth equals CO2The diameter of the hose is connected, polyurethane materials with the thickness of 10-15mm are arranged inside an iron sheet of a box body of the plant growth box for heat preservation and insulation, and tinfoil is pasted on the inner surface of the growth chamber.
A control method of a household plant growth box comprises the following steps:
step 1), pressing a switch power supply, lighting a state indicator lamp, and enabling a growth box to enter an automatic control state;
step 2), passing through a temperature and humidity sensor and CO2The concentration sensor collects the current temperature, humidity and CO inside and outside the growth chamber2Concentration and transmitting data to the controller;
step 3), after the controller receives the information, selecting corresponding measures to adjust the fan, the heating wire and the CO in the growth box2The working state of the electromagnetic valve realizes the automatic control of the environment of the growth box.
Further, the corresponding measures are specifically as follows: defining the boundary conditions of the growth chamber environment according to specific growing crops and growth stages, and setting the boundary conditions of a plant growth chamber: maximum daytime temperature TmaxMinimum temperature TminMaximum humidity RmaxMinimum humidity RminHighest CO2Concentration CmaxMinimum CO2Concentration CminCorresponding night boundary condition is tmax、tmin、rmax、rmin、cmax、cminTemperature and humidity sensor, CO2The sensor collects indoor temperature, humidity and CO at intervals of time p2Concentration, outdoor temperature and humidity, and transmitting the measured data to a controller for processing, wherein the controller is used for controlling the temperature to be higher than the humidity and the humidity to be higher than CO2The priority order of concentration control, analyzing the transmitted data, and controlling the heating wire, the air intake fan, the exhaust fan, and the CO2The working of the electromagnetic valve specifically comprises the following control steps:
s1, measuring chamber of temperature sensorInternal temperature T is more than or equal to TmaxThe controller sends out an instruction to open the air inlet and outlet fan to cool the growth chamber, and when the temperature is up
Figure BDA0001568763370000021
When the fan is started, the controller sends an instruction to stop the fan;
s2, when the temperature sensor measures the indoor temperature T not more than TminConsidering CO in the growth chamber2Concentration:
1) when CO is present2Concentration Cmin＜C＜CmaxWhen the temperature is higher than the set temperature, the controller sends out commands to control the heating wire to work, and the indoor temperature is measured
Figure BDA0001568763370000022
Figure BDA0001568763370000023
The controller sends out an instruction to stop the heating wire;
2) when CO is present2Concentration C is less than or equal to CminThe controller sends out an instruction to control the heating wire to work and simultaneously opens CO2Pure industrial CO is introduced into the electromagnetic valve2When the indoor temperature is high
Figure BDA0001568763370000024
When the heating wire is in use, the controller sends out an instruction to stop the heating wire from working; when growing CO in the room2Concentration of
Figure BDA0001568763370000031
When the controller sends out an instruction to close the CO2An electromagnetic valve;
s3, when the temperature sensor measures the indoor temperature Tmin＜T＜TmaxFirst, consider the indoor humidity: 1) indoor humidity Rmin＜R＜RmaxxFurther consider indoor CO2Concentration, A, when CO2Concentration Cmin＜C＜CmaxThe controller does not issue any command; B. when CO is present2Concentration C is less than or equal to CminThe outdoor temperature T is further consideredoutA, when
Figure BDA0001568763370000032
The controller sends out an instruction to turn on the CO2Pure industrial CO is introduced into the electromagnetic valve2When growing CO in the room2Concentration of
Figure BDA0001568763370000033
When the controller sends out an instruction to close the CO2An electromagnetic valve; b.
Figure BDA0001568763370000034
the controller sends out instructions to open the air inlet fan and the air outlet fan to ventilate and ventilate to supplement CO2Simultaneously recording ventilation time, and after t minutes, the controller sends an instruction to stop the air inlet fan and the air exhaust fan; 2) indoor humidity R is greater than or equal to RmaxFurther consider indoor CO2Concentration, A, when CO2Concentration Cmin＜C＜CmaxFurther consider outdoor temperature ToutA, when
Figure BDA0001568763370000035
The controller sends an instruction to open the air inlet fan and the air exhaust fan to perform ventilation and dehumidification, and records ventilation and air exchange time, and after t minutes, the controller sends an instruction to stop the air inlet fan and the air exhaust fan; b. when in use
Figure BDA0001568763370000036
The controller sends out instructions to control the heating wire to work to dehumidify
Figure BDA0001568763370000037
When the heating wire is in use, the controller sends out an instruction to stop the heating wire from working; B. when CO is present2Concentration C < CminFurther consider outdoor temperature Tout，a.
Figure BDA0001568763370000038
The controller sends out instructions to open the air inlet fan and the air outlet fan to ventilate and ventilate for dehumidification and introduce outdoor CO2Simultaneously recording ventilation time, and after t minutes, the controller gives an instruction to stop the air inlet fan and the air outlet fanWorking; b. when in use
Figure BDA0001568763370000039
The controller sends out an instruction to control the heating wire to work to dehumidify and open CO at the same time2Pure industrial CO is introduced into the electromagnetic valve2When is coming into contact with
Figure BDA00015687633700000310
When the temperature is higher than the set temperature, the controller sends out an instruction to stop the heating wire to work, and CO in the growth chamber2Concentration of
Figure BDA00015687633700000311
When the controller sends out an instruction to close the CO2An electromagnetic valve;
s4, corresponding night control steps are consistent with those in the daytime, and only the temperature, humidity and CO in the growth chamber need to be changed2The preset value of the concentration boundary condition.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the LED light source is controlled by utilizing the timer switch, the illumination time length and the illumination frequency of each day can be conveniently set according to the variety type and the growth stage of the plant, the control is reliable, the safety is high, the control program is simplified, the manufacturing cost is reduced, and the temperature, the humidity and the CO inside and outside the growth box are comprehensively considered2Controlling the ventilation, heating and CO introduction of the growth chamber according to the priority of concentration information2Time, heating wire and CO increase2CO in steel cylinder2The efficiency of use of; meanwhile, the environmental information in the growth chamber is displayed in real time, and the growth chamber is simple and compact in structure, flexible and comprehensive in function and convenient to expand.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a plant growth chamber;
FIG. 2 is a view of a notch structure of a partition plate of a plant growth chamber;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the plant growth chamber control structure connections;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a plant growth chamber environment dynamic model;
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between temperature and humidity in a plant growth chamber.
In the figure: 1. a plant growth chamber; 2. a control room; 3. a partition plate; 4. intoAn air fan; 5. a growth chamber; 6. potted plants; 7. an indoor temperature and humidity sensor; an LED light source; 9. an exhaust fan; CO 102A sensor; CO 112Connecting a hose; 12. an electric heating wire; 13. a timer switch; 14. a status indicator light; 15. an air switch; 16. a universal wheel; 17. a switching power supply; 18. a controller; 19. an audible and visual alarm; CO 202An electromagnetic valve; 21. a pressure regulating valve; CO 222A steel cylinder; 23 outdoor temperature and humidity sensors; 24. a liquid crystal display; 25. an external power supply; 26. a circular through hole; 27. a square groove; a U-shaped groove.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in figure 1, a plant growth box 1 consists of a control chamber 2 and a growth chamber 5, the outer surface of the plant growth box 1 is made of an iron sheet with the thickness of 1-2mm, the surface is subjected to paint spraying treatment, a polyurethane material with the thickness of 10-15mm is arranged inside the iron sheet for heat preservation and heat insulation, and the seam of the polyurethane heat preservation material is subjected to sealing treatment by using leakage-proof glue; one side of the polyurethane heat-insulating material is bonded with an iron sheet, tinfoil paper is pasted on the surface of the inner side of the growth chamber 5 to improve the utilization rate of light, the growth chamber 5 is separated from the control chamber 2 by the partition board 3 to reduce the interference of the growth chamber 5 to control, foam plastic with the thickness of 10mm is pasted on the lower surface of the partition board 3 to improve the heating and heat-insulating effects of the electric heating wire 12, an outdoor temperature and humidity sensor 23 and a liquid crystal display 24 are installed on the wall surface of the outer side of the growth chamber 1, and a universal wheel 16 is installed at the bottom.
The growth chamber 5 is provided with a potted plant 6, an LED light source 8, an air inlet fan 4, an exhaust fan 9, an electric heating wire 12 and CO2Access hose 11, indoor temperature and humidity sensor 7 and CO2The sensor 10, the LED light source 8 is placed on the top of the growth chamber, it is made up of many light emitting diodes, the LED light source 8 is controlled by the timer switch 13 alone, can set up the illumination duration and number of times of illumination each day conveniently according to the plant species type and growth stage that is located; an air intake fan 4 is arranged on the lower side wall of the growth chamber 5 for taking out the outside airBlowing into the room, and combining with the exhaust fan 9 at the top of the growth chamber to promote air flow, and performing ventilation under certain conditions to reduce indoor temperature and humidity and supplement CO2The function of (1); the electric heating wire 12 is fixed in the U-shaped groove 28 of the partition board, is connected with the controller 18 and is connected with the leakage protector, and when the temperature of the growth chamber 5 is lower than a preset value, the power supply is switched on to quickly increase the indoor temperature; the electric heating wire 12 is an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy electric heating wire or a nickel-chromium alloy electric heating wire, so that the equipment cost is low, the preheating time is short, and the controllability is good; CO22The access hose 11 is fixed in the square groove 27 of the partition plate, and one port is connected with CO2The other end of the steel cylinder is blocked, and the CO is2The access hose 11 is a rubber tube with the diameter of 8-15mm, and a hole is formed at intervals of 100-200mm to promote uniform diffusion; indoor temperature and humidity sensor 7 and CO2The sensor 10 is arranged at the middle height of the inner wall of the growth chamber 5 and is used for measuring indoor temperature, humidity and CO in real time2The concentration and is passed to the controller 18.
The control room 2 is provided with an air switch 15, a switching power supply 17, a status indicator lamp 14, a controller 18, a timer switch 13 and CO2Steel cylinder 22, pressure regulating valve 21, CO2 Electromagnetic valve 20, audible and visual alarm 19, CO2The outlet of the steel cylinder 22 is provided with a pressure regulating valve 21 for regulating CO2Releasing after the pressure is adjusted to 0.1-0.15MPa, and then connecting CO2 Solenoid valve 20 according to the indoor CO2The concentration detected by the sensor 10 and the target concentration require that the outdoor temperature is low and that the ventilation is not suitable for increasing CO2Control of CO at concentration2 Solenoid valve 20 is activated by CO2The access hose 11 is led into the growth chamber 5 to ensure CO in the chamber2Balancing of (1).
Referring to fig. 2, the structure of the notch of the partition board of the plant growth box is shown, and the partition board is provided with a circular through hole 26, a square groove 27 and a U-shaped groove 28. Square groove 27 for placing CO2The electric heating wire is connected into the hose 11, the depth of the electric heating wire is equal to the diameter of the hose 11, the electric heating wire 12 is arranged in the U-shaped groove 28, the depth of the U-shaped groove 28 is equal to the diameter of the electric heating wire 12, and the distance between every two adjacent U-shaped grooves is 30-50 mm; CO22The hose 11 is connected to the CO in the control cabin 2 through a circular hole 262The cylinder 22, the heating wire 12, is connected to the controller 18 through the circular hole 26.
As shown in the connection diagram of the control structure in the growth chamber of fig. 3, an external power supply 25 is connected to the controller 18 through an air switch 15 and a switching power supply 17, the air switch 15 is used for realizing the on-off of the circuit and protecting the circuit when the circuit fails; the status indicator lamp 14 prompts the on-off of the circuit, when the power supply is switched on, the status indicator lamp is on, and the growth chamber enters an automatic control state; the switching power supply 17 changes the circuit voltage, converts the high voltage into the low voltage and inputs the low voltage into the controller 18, and the controller 18 converts the high voltage into the low voltage according to the indoor temperature and humidity sensor 7, the outdoor temperature and humidity sensor 23 and CO2The information collected by the sensor 11 adjusts the electric heating wire 12, the air inlet fan 4, the exhaust fan 9 and the CO2The working state of the electromagnetic valve 20 changes the environment in the growth chamber 5, automatic control of the environment in the growth chamber is realized, the audible and visual alarm 19 consists of an LED indicator light and a buzzer, and when a fault occurs, audible and visual alarm is given out to remind a user.
The working process of the growth box is as follows: after the power supply 17 is switched on, the status indicator lamp 14 is on, the growth chamber 1 enters an automatic control state, and simultaneously the liquid crystal display 24 displays indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity and CO2Concentration, wherein the LED light source 8 is controlled by a timer switch 13 independently, and the opening time and times per day are preset by a user according to the type of plant varieties and the growth stage; after growth box 1 is automatically controlled, the sensor collects indoor and outdoor environmental factors and transmits the data to controller 18 for processing, and controller 18 controls air inlet fan 4, exhaust fan 9, heating wire 12 and CO2When the electromagnetic valve 20 is in a working state and a fault occurs, the audible and visual alarm 19 gives out audible and visual alarm to remind a user.
The environment in the growth chamber is complex, the environment factors have nonlinear and strong coupling relation, under the precondition of ensuring the normal growth of crops, in order to reduce energy input, a dynamic model of the growth chamber environment as shown in figure 4 is established, and the temperature, humidity and CO in the growth chamber are detected by sensors2The concentration is used as external input condition of the growth chamber, and the temperature, humidity and CO outside the growth chamber2The concentration is used as a disturbance item of the environment in the box, and the final output items are the air inlet fan 4, the exhaust fan 9, the heating wire 12 and CO2The operating state of the solenoid valve 20.
Temperature dynamic model equation:
Figure BDA0001568763370000061
in the formula: t isairTo grow the temperature in the chamber, QsunFor incident radiant heat, QcovHeat loss for the blanket heat, QtransAbsorbing heat, Q, for crop transpirationLEDFor emitting heat from the light source, QfanFor heat removal from the fan, QheatFor heating the heating wire, QventFor heat removal by ventilation, CcapIs the volume of the growth chamber;
absolute humidity dynamic model equation:
Figure BDA0001568763370000062
in the formula: chi shapeairFor the humidity in the growth chamber, phitransFor transpiration water flux of crops, phicovCondensation of water vapor flux for the cover, phiequFor condensing water vapour flux, phi, of the equipment in the tankventVentilating an air outlet to discharge water vapor flux, wherein h is the height of the growth chamber;
as shown in fig. 5, there is a significant correlation between the temperature and humidity in the growth chamber, and as the temperature increases, the humidity decreases significantly. Obtaining a trend change curve of the scatter diagram through Matlab, solving a corresponding functional relation formula and a correlation coefficient representing the linear fitting degree of the functional relation formula, and establishing an empirical formula between the temperature and the humidity in the growth room:
Tair＝aχair 2+bχair+c (3)
the temperature and humidity fitting relation in the growth chamber basically meets a quadratic function, and the correlation coefficient is greater than 0.93;
CO2the dynamic model equation:
Figure BDA0001568763370000063
in the formula: CO22,airFor growing indoor CO2Concentration of phic,injFor pure industrial CO to be injected into the growth chamber2Amount of phic,assCO uptake by crops2Amount of phic,ventIs CO exchanged with the outside due to the vent2An amount;
when the outdoor temperature meets the crop growth requirement, the ventilation can be utilized to supplement indoor CO2Concentration, required aeration rate:
Figure BDA0001568763370000064
in the formula: coIs outdoor CO2Concentration, typically about 0.6g/m3，CiIndoor CO2Concentration, fcPlant leaf area index, typically 2-5, P Unit leaf area vs. average absorption intensity, typically 0.5X10-3-0.8x10-3g/(m2s)；
Raising CO only by ventilation when outdoor air temperature is low2The concentration is not only low in efficiency, but also brings a large amount of heat loss, so that the growth chamber is sealed and managed, and pure industrial CO is introduced2。
The controller 13 receives the data transmitted from the sensor, selects a corresponding regulation and control strategy to regulate the environment of the growth chamber, and the basic control strategy is as follows: the boundary conditions of the growing room environment are defined according to specific growing crops and growing stages, and the period from the seedling stage to the beginning of the bearing period of the potted plant cucumber is taken as an example in the embodiment. When the LED lamp is turned on, the inside of the box is regarded as daytime, crops mainly perform photosynthesis, and when the LED lamp is turned off, the plants are regarded as inactive in physiological activities at night, so that the preset values of boundary conditions of the daytime and the night are different. Setting the boundary conditions of the plant growth box: maximum daytime temperature TmaxAt 33 ℃ minimum temperature T min15 ℃ and maximum humidity Rmax85% minimum humidity Rmin50% maximum CO2Concentration Cmax1100PPM, lowest CO2Concentration Cmin400PPM, corresponding night boundary condition tmax＝22℃、tmin＝10℃、rmax＝80％、rmin＝55％、cmax＝1200PPM、cmin500 PPM. Temperature and humidity sensor, CO2The sensor collects indoor temperature, humidity and CO at the interval of time p-5 minutes2Concentration, outdoor temperature, humidity, and transmit the measured data to the controller 18 for processing. The controller 18 is operated to control the temperature to be higher than the humidity to be higher than the CO2The priority order of concentration control, analyzing the transmitted data, and controlling the heating wire 12, the air intake fan 4, the exhaust fan 9, and the CO2The operation of the electromagnetic valve 20 specifically comprises the following control steps:
s1, when the temperature sensor measures the indoor temperature T which is more than or equal to Tmax(33 ℃ C.), in which case there is no need to consider humidity sensors and CO2Humidity and CO measured by sensor 102The controller 18 sends an instruction to open the air inlet and outlet fan 4 to cool the growth chamber 5, and the ventilation and air exchange play roles in reducing the humidity in the growth chamber 1 and supplementing CO2Function of when the temperature is high
Figure BDA0001568763370000071
(16 deg.C), the controller 18 instructs the fan to stop.
S2, when the temperature sensor measures the indoor temperature T not more than Tmin(15 ℃) taking into account the data measured by the humidity sensor, taking into account the CO inside the growth chamber 52Concentration: 1) when CO is present2Concentration Cmin(400PPM)＜C＜Cmax(1100PPM), the controller 18 sends out instructions to control the operation of the heating wire 12, the temperature in the growth chamber 5 is increased, and the humidity in the growth chamber 5 is reduced, when the temperature in the growth chamber 5 is increased
Figure BDA0001568763370000072
At (32 ℃), the controller 18 gives an instruction to stop the heating wire; 2) when CO is present2Concentration C is less than or equal to Cmin(400PPM) if CO is increased by introducing outdoor air by ventilation2The concentration is not only inefficient, but also causes heat loss, so that the growth chamber 5 needs to be sealed and managed, and the controller 18 gives instructions to control the operation of the heating wire 12 and simultaneously turns on CO2The solenoid valve 20 is charged with pure industrial CO2When the temperature in the growth chamber 5 is high
Figure BDA0001568763370000073
At (32 deg.C), the controller 18 instructs the heater to stop working, and CO in the growth chamber 52Concentration of
Figure BDA0001568763370000074
(1000PPM), the controller 18 issues an instruction to turn off the CO2A solenoid valve 20.
S3, when the temperature sensor measures the indoor temperature Tmin＜T＜TmaxFirst, consider the indoor humidity: 1) indoor humidity Rmin(50％)＜R＜Rmax(85%) further consider indoor CO2Concentration:
A. when CO is present2Concentration Cmin(400PPM)＜C＜Cmax(1100PPM), the environment in the growth chamber 5 does not need to be adjusted, the controller 18 does not issue any command, the fan, the heater wire 12, and the CO2The solenoid valve 20 does not operate;
B. when CO is present2Concentration C is less than or equal to Cmin(400PPM) taking into account the outdoor temperature Tout：
a. When in use
Figure BDA0001568763370000081
(24 ℃ C.), the controller 18 gives an instruction to turn on the CO2The solenoid valve 20 is charged with pure industrial CO2When CO is present in growth chamber 52Concentration of
Figure BDA0001568763370000082
(1000PPM), the controller 18 issues an instruction to turn off the CO2 A solenoid valve 20;
b.
Figure BDA0001568763370000083
(24 ℃), the controller 18 gives out instructions to open the air inlet fan 4 and the air outlet fan 9 to ventilate and ventilate to supplement CO2At the same time, the ventilation time is recorded, and after 5 minutes, the controller 18 gives an instruction to stop the operation of the intake fan and the exhaust fan.
2) Indoor humidity R is greater than or equal to Rmax(85%) further consider indoor CO2Concentration:
A. when CO is present2Concentration Cmin(400PPM)＜C＜Cmax(1100PPM), further consider the outdoor temperature Tout：
a. When in use
Figure BDA0001568763370000084
(24 ℃), the controller 18 gives an instruction to open the air inlet fan 4 and the air outlet fan 9 for ventilation and dehumidification, simultaneously records the ventilation time, and after 5 minutes, the controller gives an instruction to stop the work of the air inlet fan 4 and the air outlet fan 9;
b. when in use
Figure BDA0001568763370000085
(24 ℃), the controller 18 sends out instructions to control the heating wire 12 to work for dehumidification, when
Figure BDA0001568763370000086
Figure BDA0001568763370000087
(45%), the controller 18 gives an instruction to stop the heating wire;
B. when CO is present2Concentration C < Cmin(400PPM), further taking into account the outdoor temperature Tout：
a.
Figure BDA0001568763370000088
(24 ℃), the controller 18 gives out instructions to turn on the intake fan 4 and the exhaust fan 9 for ventilation and ventilation to dehumidify and introduce the CO outdoors2Simultaneously recording the ventilation time, and after 5 minutes, the controller 18 gives an instruction to stop the operation of the air inlet fan 4 and the air outlet fan 9;
b. when in use
Figure BDA0001568763370000089
(24 ℃), the controller 18 sends out instructions to control the heating wire 12 to work for dehumidification and open CO at the same time2The solenoid valve 20 is charged with pure industrial CO2When is coming into contact with
Figure BDA00015687633700000810
(45%), the controller 18 instructs the heater to stop working, and CO in the growth chamber 52Concentration of
Figure BDA0001568763370000091
(1000PPM), the controller 18 issues an instruction to turn off the CO2 A solenoid valve 20.
S4, corresponding night control steps are consistent with those in the daytime, and only the temperature, humidity and CO in the growth chamber need to be changed2Preset value of the boundary condition of the concentration, i.e. tmax＝22℃、tmin＝10℃、rmax＝80％、rmin＝55％、cmax＝1200PPM、cmin＝500PPM。
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any obvious improvements, substitutions or modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The household plant growth box is characterized by comprising a control room (2) and a growth room (5) which are divided by a partition board (3), wherein the growth room (5) is provided with an LED light source (8), an air inlet fan (4), an exhaust fan (9), an electric heating wire (12), a CO2 access hose (11), an indoor temperature and humidity sensor (7) and a CO2 access hose (11)2A sensor (10), wherein the LED light source (8) and the exhaust fan (9) are arranged at the top of the growth chamber (5), the air inlet fan (4) is positioned on the side wall of the lower part of the growth chamber (5), and the indoor temperature and humidity sensor (7) and the CO sensor are arranged in the growth chamber2The sensor (10) is arranged on the inner wall of the growth chamber (5), and CO2The access hose (11) is fixed in a square groove (27) on the partition plate (3), and the electric heating wire (12) is fixed in a U-shaped groove (28) on the partition plate (3); the control room (2) is provided with an air switch (15), a switch power supply (17), a status indicator lamp (14), a controller (18), a timer switch (13), and CO2A steel cylinder (22), a pressure regulating valve (21), CO2Electromagnetic valve (20), audible and visual alarm (19), CO2The outlet of the steel cylinder (22) is provided with a pressure regulating valve (21), and a controller (18) is opened and closed through an air switch (15)The power-off source (17) is connected with an external power source (25); an outdoor temperature and humidity sensor (23) and a liquid crystal display (24) are arranged on the outer side wall surface of the plant growth box (1); the controller receives the current temperature, humidity and CO inside and outside the growth chamber2After the concentration, selecting corresponding measures to adjust a fan, a heating wire and CO in the growth box2The working state of the electromagnetic valve realizes the automatic control of the environment of the growth box; the corresponding measures are specifically as follows: defining the boundary conditions of the growth chamber environment according to specific growing crops and growth stages, and setting the boundary conditions of a plant growth chamber: maximum daytime temperature TmaxMinimum temperature TminMaximum humidity RmaxMinimum humidity RminHighest CO2Concentration CmaxMinimum CO2Concentration CminCorresponding night boundary condition is tmax、tmin、rmax、rmin、cmax、cminTemperature and humidity sensor, CO2The sensor collects indoor temperature, humidity and CO at intervals of time p2Concentration, outdoor temperature and humidity, and transmitting the measured data to a controller for processing, wherein the controller is used for controlling the temperature to be higher than the humidity and the humidity to be higher than CO2The priority order of concentration control, analyzing the transmitted data, and controlling the heating wire, the air intake fan, the exhaust fan, and the CO2The electromagnetic valve works;
the method comprises the following specific control steps:
s1, when the temperature sensor measures the indoor temperature T which is more than or equal to TmaxThe controller sends out an instruction to open the air inlet and outlet fan to cool the growth chamber, and when the temperature is up
Figure FDA0002382376790000011
When the fan is started, the controller sends an instruction to stop the fan;
s2, when the temperature sensor measures the indoor temperature T not more than TminConsidering CO in the growth chamber2Concentration:
1) when CO is present2Concentration Cmin＜C＜CmaxWhen the temperature is higher than the set temperature, the controller sends out commands to control the heating wire to work, and the indoor temperature is measured
Figure FDA0002382376790000012
The controller sends out an instruction to stop the heating wire;
2) when CO is present2Concentration C is less than or equal to CminThe controller sends out an instruction to control the heating wire to work and simultaneously opens CO2The electromagnetic valve is filled with pure industrial CO2 when the indoor temperature is reached
Figure FDA0002382376790000013
When the heating wire is in use, the controller sends out an instruction to stop the heating wire from working; when growing CO in the room2Concentration of
Figure FDA0002382376790000014
When the controller sends out an instruction to close the CO2An electromagnetic valve;
s3, when the temperature sensor measures the indoor temperature Tmin＜T＜TmaxFirst, consider the indoor humidity: 1) indoor humidity Rmin＜R＜RmaxFurther consider indoor CO2Concentration, A, when CO2Concentration Cmin＜C＜CmaxThe controller does not issue any command; B. when CO is present2Concentration C is less than or equal to CminThe outdoor temperature T is further consideredoutA, when
Figure FDA0002382376790000023
The controller sends out an instruction to turn on the CO2Pure industrial CO is introduced into the electromagnetic valve2When growing CO in the room2Concentration of
Figure FDA0002382376790000021
When the controller sends out an instruction to close the CO2An electromagnetic valve; b.
Figure FDA0002382376790000022
the controller sends out instructions to open the air inlet fan and the air outlet fan to ventilate and ventilate to supplement CO2Simultaneously recording ventilation time, and after t minutes, the controller sends an instruction to stop the air inlet fan and the air exhaust fan; 2) indoor humidity R is greater than or equal to RmaxFurther consider indoor CO2Concentration, A, when CO2Concentration Cmin＜C＜CmaxFurther consider outdoor temperature ToutA, when
Figure FDA0002382376790000024
The controller sends an instruction to open the air inlet fan and the air exhaust fan to perform ventilation and dehumidification, and records ventilation and air exchange time, and after t minutes, the controller sends an instruction to stop the air inlet fan and the air exhaust fan; b. when in use
Figure FDA0002382376790000025
The controller sends out instructions to control the heating wire to work to dehumidify
Figure FDA0002382376790000026
When the heating wire is in use, the controller sends out an instruction to stop the heating wire from working; B. when CO is present2Concentration C < CminFurther consider outdoor temperature Tout，a.
Figure FDA0002382376790000027
The controller sends out instructions to open the air inlet fan and the air outlet fan to ventilate and ventilate for dehumidification and introduce outdoor CO2Simultaneously recording ventilation time, and after t minutes, the controller sends an instruction to stop the air inlet fan and the air exhaust fan; b. when in use
Figure FDA0002382376790000028
The controller sends out an instruction to control the heating wire to work to dehumidify and open CO at the same time2Pure industrial CO is introduced into the electromagnetic valve2When is coming into contact with
Figure FDA0002382376790000029
When the temperature is higher than the set temperature, the controller sends out an instruction to stop the heating wire to work, and CO in the growth chamber2Concentration of
Figure FDA00023823767900000210
When the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,the controller sends out an instruction to close the CO2An electromagnetic valve;
s4, corresponding night control steps are consistent with those in the daytime, and only the temperature, humidity and CO in the growth chamber need to be changed2The preset value of the concentration boundary condition.
2. Household vegetation box according to claim 1 characterized in that the vegetation box (1) is bottom mounted with universal wheels (16).
3. Household plant growth chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that said heating wire (12) is an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy heating wire or a nickel-chromium alloy heating wire.
4. The domestic plant growth chamber according to claim 1, wherein said CO2The access hose (11) is a rubber hose with the diameter of 8-15 mm.
5. Household plant growth chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that said partition (3) is provided with circular through holes (26), CO2The access hose (11) is connected to the CO through the circular through hole (26)2The steel cylinder (22) and the heating wire (12) are connected to the controller (18) through the circular through hole (26).
6. Household vegetation box according to claim 1 characterized in that said audible and visual alarm (19) consists of an LED indicator and a buzzer.
7. Household plant-growth chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that said U-shaped groove (28) has a depth equal to the heating wire (12) diameter and said square groove (27) has a depth equal to CO2The diameter of the access hose (11).
8. The household plant growth box according to claim 1, characterized in that the inside of the box body iron sheet of the plant growth box (1) is provided with a polyurethane material with the thickness of 10-15mm for heat preservation and insulation, and the inner surface of the growth chamber (5) is pasted with tin foil.
9. A multi-objective optimization control method for a household plant growth chamber is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1), pressing a switch power supply, lighting a state indicator lamp, and enabling a growth box to enter an automatic control state;
step 2), passing through a temperature and humidity sensor and CO2The concentration sensor collects the current temperature, humidity and CO inside and outside the growth chamber2Concentration and transmitting data to the controller;
step 3), after the controller receives the information, selecting corresponding measures to adjust the fan, the heating wire and the CO in the growth box2The working state of the electromagnetic valve realizes the automatic control of the environment of the growth box; the corresponding measures are specifically as follows: defining the boundary conditions of the growth chamber environment according to specific growing crops and growth stages, and setting the boundary conditions of a plant growth chamber: maximum daytime temperature TmaxMinimum temperature TminMaximum humidity RmaxMinimum humidity RminHighest CO2Concentration CmaxMinimum CO2Concentration CminCorresponding night boundary condition is tmax、tmin、rmax、rmin、cmax、cminTemperature and humidity sensor, CO2The sensor collects indoor temperature, humidity and CO at intervals of time p2Concentration, outdoor temperature and humidity, and transmitting the measured data to a controller for processing, wherein the controller is used for controlling the temperature to be higher than the humidity and the humidity to be higher than CO2The priority order of concentration control, analyzing the transmitted data, and controlling the heating wire, the air intake fan, the exhaust fan, and the CO2The working of the electromagnetic valve specifically comprises the following control steps:
s1, when the temperature sensor measures the indoor temperature T which is more than or equal to TmaxThe controller sends out an instruction to open the air inlet and outlet fan to cool the growth chamber, and when the temperature is up
Figure FDA0002382376790000031
When the fan is started, the controller sends an instruction to stop the fan;
s2, when the temperature sensor measures the indoor temperature T not more than TminConsidering CO in the growth chamber2Concentration:
1) when CO is present2Concentration Cmin＜C＜CmaxWhen the temperature is higher than the set temperature, the controller sends out commands to control the heating wire to work, and the indoor temperature is measured
Figure FDA0002382376790000032
The controller sends out an instruction to stop the heating wire;
2) when CO is present2Concentration C is less than or equal to CminThe controller sends out an instruction to control the heating wire to work and simultaneously opens CO2The electromagnetic valve is filled with pure industrial CO2 when the indoor temperature is reached
Figure FDA0002382376790000033
When the heating wire is in use, the controller sends out an instruction to stop the heating wire from working; when growing CO in the room2Concentration of
Figure FDA0002382376790000034
When the controller sends out an instruction to close the CO2An electromagnetic valve;
s3, when the temperature sensor measures the indoor temperature Tmin＜T＜TmaxFirst, consider the indoor humidity: 1) indoor humidity Rmin＜R＜RmaxFurther consider indoor CO2Concentration, A, when CO2Concentration Cmin＜C＜CmaxThe controller does not issue any command; B. when CO is present2Concentration C is less than or equal to CminThe outdoor temperature T is further consideredoutA, when
Figure FDA0002382376790000035
The controller sends out an instruction to turn on the CO2Pure industrial CO is introduced into the electromagnetic valve2When growing CO in the room2Concentration of
Figure FDA0002382376790000036
When the controller sends out an instruction to close the CO2An electromagnetic valve; b.
Figure FDA0002382376790000041
the controller sends out instructions to open the air inlet fan and the air outlet fan to ventilate and ventilate to supplement CO2Simultaneously recording ventilation time, and after t minutes, the controller sends an instruction to stop the air inlet fan and the air exhaust fan; 2) indoor humidity R is greater than or equal to RmaxFurther consider indoor CO2Concentration, A, when CO2Concentration Cmin＜C＜CmaxFurther consider outdoor temperature ToutA, when
Figure FDA0002382376790000042
The controller sends an instruction to open the air inlet fan and the air exhaust fan to perform ventilation and dehumidification, and records ventilation and air exchange time, and after t minutes, the controller sends an instruction to stop the air inlet fan and the air exhaust fan; b. when in use
Figure FDA0002382376790000043
The controller sends out instructions to control the heating wire to work to dehumidify
Figure FDA0002382376790000044
When the heating wire is in use, the controller sends out an instruction to stop the heating wire from working; B. when CO is present2Concentration C < CminFurther consider outdoor temperature Tout，a.
Figure FDA0002382376790000045
The controller sends out instructions to open the air inlet fan and the air outlet fan to ventilate and ventilate for dehumidification and introduce outdoor CO2Simultaneously recording ventilation time, and after t minutes, the controller sends an instruction to stop the air inlet fan and the air exhaust fan; b. when in use
Figure FDA0002382376790000046
The controller sends out an instruction to control the heating wire to work to dehumidify and open CO at the same time2Pure industrial CO is introduced into the electromagnetic valve2When is coming into contact with
Figure FDA0002382376790000047
When the temperature is higher than the set temperature, the controller sends out an instruction to stop the heating wire to work, and CO in the growth chamber2Concentration of
Figure FDA0002382376790000048
When the controller sends out an instruction to close the CO2An electromagnetic valve;
s4, corresponding night control steps are consistent with those in the daytime, and only the temperature, humidity and CO in the growth chamber need to be changed2The preset value of the concentration boundary condition.
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