CN108516985A - 吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108516985A CN108516985A CN201810499299.8A CN201810499299A CN108516985A CN 108516985 A CN108516985 A CN 108516985A CN 201810499299 A CN201810499299 A CN 201810499299A CN 108516985 A CN108516985 A CN 108516985A
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- pyrroles
- hydrazine
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- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 150000003233 pyrroles Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- LIQLLTGUOSHGKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].[F] Chemical compound [B].[F] LIQLLTGUOSHGKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical group C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N monobenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical group C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000003754 ethoxycarbonyl group Chemical group C(=O)(OCC)* 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloromethane Natural products ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron trifluoride Chemical compound FB(F)F WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 aldehyde ketone Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910015900 BF3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910006069 SO3H Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZPQOPVIELGIULI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 ZPQOPVIELGIULI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OCJBOOLMMGQPQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 OCJBOOLMMGQPQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- VMWNQDUVQKEIOC-CYBMUJFWSA-N apomorphine Chemical compound C([C@H]1N(C)CC2)C3=CC=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C1C2=CC=C3 VMWNQDUVQKEIOC-CYBMUJFWSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- YTZKOQUCBOVLHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-methylisopropylbenzene Natural products CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 YTZKOQUCBOVLHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NIXKBAZVOQAHGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylmethanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 NIXKBAZVOQAHGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NWELCUKYUCBVKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridin-2-ylhydrazine Chemical class NNC1=CC=CC=N1 NWELCUKYUCBVKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000020 sulfo group Chemical group O=S(=O)([*])O[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- XYIBRDXRRQCHLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl acetoacetate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(C)=O XYIBRDXRRQCHLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000006862 quantum yield reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 66
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000004293 19F NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 11
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 210000001082 somatic cell Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007850 fluorescent dye Substances 0.000 description 4
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229960001866 silicon dioxide Drugs 0.000 description 4
- QHPQWRBYOIRBIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-tert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QHPQWRBYOIRBIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910020323 ClF3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 0 *C(c1c(*)c(*)c(*)[n]1)=O Chemical compound *C(c1c(*)c(*)c(*)[n]1)=O 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005526 G1 to G0 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000799 fluorescence microscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003760 hair shine Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002429 hydrazines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005580 one pot reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005622 photoelectricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- IHQKEDIOMGYHEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dimethylarsinate Chemical compound [Na+].C[As](C)([O-])=O IHQKEDIOMGYHEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000482 two photon fluorescence microscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010011224 Cough Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010034972 Photosensitivity reaction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012620 biological material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003963 dichloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- GSEPHVGFSQHACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine;pyridine Chemical compound NN.C1=CC=NC=C1 GSEPHVGFSQHACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004780 naphthols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000007578 phototoxic dermatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 231100000018 phototoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- KOUKXHPPRFNWPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrazine-2,5-dicarboxylic acid;hydrate Chemical compound O.OC(=O)C1=CN=C(C(O)=O)C=N1 KOUKXHPPRFNWPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Substances C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003325 tomography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004304 visual acuity Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F5/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table
- C07F5/02—Boron compounds
- C07F5/022—Boron compounds without C-boron linkages
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B26/00—Hydrazone dyes; Triazene dyes
- C09B26/02—Hydrazone dyes
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- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/06—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing organic luminescent materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料及其制备方法和应用,其结构如式(1)所示,R1、R2和R3为H或C1‑C6的直链或支链烷基,R5为H、Cl、噻吩基团、呋喃基团、苯环基团、OR9、NR9R10、或SR9,R4、R6、R7和R8各自独立为H、C1‑C6的直链或者支链烷基、C1‑C6的直链或者支链环烷基团;其中,R9、R10各自独立为H、CH2COOEt、萘基、噻吩基、C1‑C6的直链或者支链烷基或C1‑6的直链或者支链环烷基团;该吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料在700‑900nm具有高达998GM的双光子吸收截面、高摩尔吸光系数、高荧光量子产率、高光稳定性以及双光子荧光等优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及有机合成及荧光染料制备领域,具体涉及吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
近年来,双光子共聚焦荧光显微镜凭借其可以采用穿透能力比较强的红外激光激发,可有效避免光漂白问题和光毒性问题,在活体细胞及生物组织的超分辨率层析成像和三维成像中具有更高的空间分辨能力和层析成像能力,引起人们极大的兴趣。因此,设计开发具有实用价值的、具有大的双光子吸收截面、高光物理化学稳定以及良好的化学多样性的双光子型荧光染料具有十分重要的意义。
关于有机硼荧光染料因为合成简单高效同时具有优异的光物理化学性质备受关注。例如,最近我们经过稳定的吡咯醛和肼缩合配位发展了一类吡咯肼双氟硼强荧光染料(BOPHY),并对其修饰衍生做了大量的工作(Org.Lett.,2014,16,3048;J.Org.Chem.,2016,81,11316;J.Org.Chem.2018,83,1134.)。该类染料问世以后引起较大关注,已广泛应用在荧光能量转移盒(Org.Lett.2015,17,2246)、传感器(RSC Adv.2015,5,16735)、探针(Sens.Actuators,B:Chem 2016,235,33)、细胞成像(Polym.Chem.2015,6,3962)、太阳能电池(Chem.Commun.2015,51,14742)、三重态-三重态湮灭上转换(J.Mater.Chem.C 2016,4,1623)以及光动力治疗(Chin.Chem.Lett.2016,27,190)等领域。然而,该类BOPHY荧光染料目前并未发现其具有相应的双光子性能。
在此基础上,本发明从简单易得的商品化原料吡咯醛酮衍生物与吡啶肼衍生物出发,通过酸性条件下缩合进而配位“一锅”制备一系列吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料。该类新型双氟硼染料具有优异的光电物理性质,例如高摩尔吸光系数、高荧光量子产率、高光稳定性、对pH不敏感以及在700-900nm具有双光子吸收和双光子荧光等,使得其在活体成像等领域具有良好的应用前景。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一是提供一种吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料及其制备方法。该吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料具有大的双光子吸收截面、高摩尔吸光系数、高荧光量子产率、高光稳定性、对pH不敏感以及在700-900nm具有双光子吸收和双光子荧光等优点。
本发明的目的之二是发展该吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料作为单光子和双光子生物材料在活体细胞荧光成像等领域的应用。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供了一种吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料,其特征在于,其结构如式(1)所示,R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8各自独立为H、C1-12的直链或者支链烷基、C1-12的直链或者支链环烷基团、芳香基团、卤素、SR9、OR9、NR9R10、NO2、SO3H、(CH2)nCH2SO3H、(CH2)nCH2OH、(CHOH)nCH2OH、(CH2)nCH2Br、(CH2)nCH2(PPh3)Br、(CH2)nCH2(PPh3)I、(CH2)nCH2(NEt3)Br、(CH2)nCH2(NEt3)I、(CH=CH2)(C6H4)R9或(CH=CH2)(C6H4)OR9;
其中,R9、R10各自独立为H、CH2COOEt、C1-12的直链或者支链烷基、C1-12的直链或者支链环烷基团或芳香基团,n为正整数;
优选地,所述卤素为F、Cl、Br或I;
所述芳香基团为噻吩基团、呋喃基团或苯环基团。
上述技术方案中,R1-R8的基团均可以在宽的范围选择,但是为了提高
所述吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料的摩尔吸光系数、荧光量子产率及光稳定性等性质,优选地,所述
R1、R2和R3为H或C1-C6的直链或支链烷基,
R5为H、Cl、噻吩基团、呋喃基团、苯环基团、OR9、NR9R10或SR9,
R4、R6、R7和R8各自独立为H、C1-C6的直链或者支链烷基、C1-C6的直链或者支链环烷基团;
其中,R9、R10各自独立为H、CH2COOEt、萘基、噻吩基、C1-C6的直链或者支链烷基或C1-6的直链或者支链环烷基团;
进一步优选地,所述R1、R3各自独立为H或甲基,所述R2、R4、R6、R7和R8各自独立为H或乙基;R5为H、Cl、对叔丁基苯氧基、噻吩基团、OR9且R9为萘、SR9且R9为CH2COOEt、或NR9R10且R9为H、R10为正丁基。
本发明提供了一种上述如式(1)所示的吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料的制备方法,包括:
将式(A)所示的吡咯醛酮衍生物与式(B)所示的2-肼基吡啶衍生物在溶剂存在下、酸性条件下进行第一接触反应;接着将反应体系进行碱处理,然后加入三氟化硼乙醚进行第二触反应;
所述式(A)、(B)中的取代基团与所述式(1)的各取代基团一一对应。
上述制备方法中,各原料的具体用量均可以在宽的范围内选择,但是为了提高产率,优选地,相对于2mmol所述吡咯醛酮衍生物,所述2-肼基杂环衍生物的用量为2-20mmol,所述三氟化硼乙醚为3-30mL;
优选地,进行所述碱处理后体系的pH为7.5-10。
上述制备方法中,所述第一接触、第二接触反应的温度及时间均可以在宽的范围内选择,但是为了提高制备效率,优选地,所述第一接触反应温度为70-120℃,反应时间为2-48h;
所述第二接触反应的反应温度为80-120℃,反应时间为1-48h。
上述制备方法中,所述碱处理包括依次进行的碱萃取和洗涤,且所述碱处理的碱由有机碱和/或无机碱提供;
其中,所述有机碱为三乙胺、N,N二异丙基乙胺、1,8-二氮杂二环[5.4.0]十一碳-7-烯和二乙胺中的至少一者;
所述无机碱为碳酸氢钠及其溶液、碳酸氢钾及其溶液、碳酸钠及其溶液和碳酸钾中的至少一者。
同样,所述酸性条件可以有多种酸性物质提供,但是为了提高制备效率,优选地,所述酸性条件由路易斯酸、冰醋酸、对甲苯磺酸、苯甲磺酸、甲磺酸、三氟化硼乙醚和盐酸中的至少一者提供;
优选地,所述第一接触反应开始时体系的pH为5.1-6.9。
上述制备方法中,所述溶剂的具体种类可以在宽的范围内选择,但是为提高反应效率,所述第一接触反应与所述第二接触反应中的溶剂各自独立为三氯甲烷、1,2-二氯甲烷、二氯甲烷、甲苯,邻二氯苯、对二氯苯、间二氯苯和乙酸乙酯中的一种或多种;
进一步优选地,所述溶剂为甲苯;
更进一步优选地,所述溶剂为1,2-二氯甲烷。
本发明中还提供了一种上述吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料在活体细胞成像领域的应用。
根据上述技术方案,本发明中选择“一锅法”制备吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料,原料简单易得、制备步骤简单。且制得的吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料具有大的双光子吸收截面、高摩尔吸光系数、高荧光量子产率、高光稳定性、对pH不敏感以及在700-900nm具有双光子吸收和双光子荧光等优点;使得该吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料在活体荧光成像领域具有潜在的应用。
本发明的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
附图说明
附图是用来提供对本发明的进一步理解,并且构成说明书的一部分,与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本发明,但并不构成对本发明的限制。在附图中:
图1为吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料1ba的晶体结构图。
图2是吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料1ca的晶体结构图。
图3是吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料1bb的晶体结构图。
图4是吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料1cb的晶体结构图。
图5为吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料2a的晶体结构图。
图6为吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料2b的晶体结构图。
图7为吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料2d的晶体结构图。
图8为吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料2e的晶体结构图。
图9为吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料1cb的甲醇溶液在700-900nm激光光源的照射下的双光子吸收截面。
图10-1为吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料1cb在活体细胞中的单光子成像照片。
图10-2为吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料1cb在活体细胞中的双光子荧光成像照片。
图10-3为图10-1、图10-2中细胞相应的明场照片。
具体实施方式
实施案例1
吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料1aa的合成:
取2-吡咯醛(190mg,2mmol)和吡啶肼(230mg,2.1mmol)溶于2-二氯乙烷(60ml)中,加入对甲基苯磺酸(87mg,0.05mmol)。反应混合液加热回流6h,TLC点板跟踪。当2-吡咯醛衍生物在硅胶板上消失,即反应完全时,加入2-10mL N,N-二异丙基乙胺到反应体系中。反应混合物搅拌10min后,添加三氟化硼乙醚(3-20ml),反应体系搅拌回流1-24h。冷却到室温后,反应混合物转移到分液漏斗中,加入二氯甲烷和水。分离有机相,相应的水相用二氯甲烷萃取数次,合并有机层。水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,真空下除去溶剂。粗产品用硅胶柱层析法纯化,用二氯甲烷和正己烷重结晶得BOPPY系列纯化合物,为黄色粉末。
制备1aa的产率为50%(282mg)。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.96-7.90(m,2H),7.82(s,1H),7.65(s,1H),7.56(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),7.09(d,J=2.7Hz,1H),7.00(t,J=6.3Hz,1H),6.60(s,1H).13C NMR(75MHz,CDCl3):δ=152.4,143.8,136.4,133.5,132.7,124.3,122.9,116.1,115.3,111.5.19F NMR(470MHz,CDCl3):δ=-142.9(d,J=29.1Hz,1F),-143.0(d,J=29.1Hz,1F),-146.0(d,J=23.5Hz,1F),-146.2(d,J=24.0Hz,1F).HRMS(APCI)Calcd.For C10H8B2F3N4[M-F]+:263.0887,found 263.0893.
实施案例2
吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料1ba的合成:
按照实施案例1的方法进行,所不同的是从2,4-二甲基吡咯醛(246mg,2mmol)和吡啶肼(230mg,2.1mmol)出发,制备1ba的产率为42%(260mg)。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.88(d,J=5.4Hz,1H),7.82(t,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.65(s,1H),7.48(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),6.88(t,J=6.6Hz,1H),6.15(s,1H),2.49(s,3H),2.29(s,3H).13C NMR(75MHz,CDCl3):δ=152.0,147.8,142.9,136.6,136.0,129.1,122.9,117.7,114.4,111.3,14.0,10.9.19F NMR(470MHz,CDCl3):δ=-141.5(d,J=30.6Hz,1F),-141.7(d,J=30.1Hz,1F),-145.7(d,J=24.0Hz,1F),-145.8(d,J=24.4Hz,1F).HRMS(APCI)Calcd.For C12H13B2F4N4[M+H]+:311.1262,found 311.1260.
实施案例3
吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料1ca的合成:
按照实施案例1的方法进行,所不同的是从2,4-二甲基-3-乙基吡咯醛(304mg,2mmol)和吡啶肼(230mg,2.1mmol)出发,制备1ca的产率为46%(310mg)。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.88(d,J=5.7Hz,1H),7.80(t,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.61(s,1H),7.48(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),6.87(t,J=6.6Hz,1H),2.49-2.42(m,5H),2.23(s,3H),1.08(t,J=7.5Hz,3H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ=151.9,146.2,142.7,136.0,133.4,130.7,128.5,122.1,114.2,111.3,17.2,14.8,12.0,9.2.19F NMR(470MHz,CDCl3):δ=-141.3(d,J=26.3Hz,1F),-141.5(d,J=29.1Hz,1F),-145.7(d,J=23.0Hz,1F),-145.8(d,J=23.5Hz,1F).HRMS(APCI)Calcd.For C14H16B2F3N4[M-F]+:319.1513,found 319.1522.
实施案例4
吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料1ab的合成:
按照实施案例1的方法进行,所不同的是从吡咯醛(190mg,2mmol)和6-氯-2-肼基吡啶(300mg,2.1mmol)出发,制备1ab的产率为54%(340mg)。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.85-7.80(m,2H),7.65(s,1H),7.47(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),7.13(d,J=2.7Hz,1H),6.94(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),6.61(s,1H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ=144.6,141.3,134.1,132.9,124.2,123.6,116.3,115.3,109.4,105.0.19F NMR(470MHz,CDCl3):δ=-142.5--142.8(m,4F).HRMS(APCI)Calcd.For C10H7B2ClF3N4[M-F]+:297.0497,found 297.0503.
实施案例5
吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料1bb的合成:
按照实施案例1的方法进行,所不同的是从2,4-二甲基吡咯醛(246mg,2mmol)和6-氯-2-肼基吡啶(300mg,2.1mmol)出发,制备1bb的产率为40%(251mg)。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.72(t,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.65(s,1H),7.41(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),6.84(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),6.17(s,1H),2.49(s,3H),2.31(s,3H).13C NMR(75MHz,CDCl3):δ=153.3,148.6,143.6,140.8,137.4,129.2,122.9,118.0,114.3,109.3,14.0,11.0.19F NMR(470MHz,CDCl3):δ=-141.3(d,J=30.1Hz,1F),-141.4(d,J=29.6Hz,1F),-141.9(d,J=21.2Hz,1F),-142.0(d,J=21.6Hz,1F).HRMS(APCI)Calcd.For C12H11B2ClF3N4[M-F]+:325.0810,found 325.0809.
实施案例6
吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料1cb的合成:
按照实施案例1的方法进行,所不同的是从2,4-二甲基-3-乙基吡咯醛(304mg,2mmol)和6-氯-2-肼基吡啶(300mg,2.1mmol)出发,制备1cb的产率为43%(318mg)。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.70(t,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.61(s,1H),7.39(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),6.82(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),2.45(m,5H),2.24(s,3H),1.08(t,J=7.5Hz,3H).13C NMR(75MHz,CDCl3):δ=153.1,147.1,143.3,140.7,134.1,131.1,128.5,122.2,114.0,109.3,17.2,14.7,12.0,9.2.19F NMR(470MHz,CDCl3):δ=-141.1(d,J=29.1Hz,1F),-141.3(d,J=29.6Hz,1F),-141.7(d,J=19.3Hz,1F),-141.8(d,J=20.2Hz,1F).HRMS(APCI)Calcd.For C14H13B2ClF3N4[M-F]+:353.1123,found 353.1128.
实施案例7
吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料2a的合成:
在50ml圆底烧瓶中加入20ml ClCH2CH2Cl,分别加入1bb(103mg,0.3mmol)和对叔丁基苯酚(280mg,3mmol),并加入碳酸钾(41mg,0.3mmol)或三乙胺(0.1ml,0.7mmol),反应一段时间,TLC跟踪点板,原料1bb反应结束后,萃取,干燥,减压浓缩得到粗产品,再经柱层析(固定相为硅胶,洗脱液为石油醚与二氯甲烷体积比为1/1的混合体系)分离得到固体粉末染料,得到2a的合成产率为89%(122mg)。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.69-7.64(m,2H),7.47(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.14(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.07(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),6.15(s,1H),5.93(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),2.49(s,3H),2.31(s,3H),1.35(s,9H).13C NMR(75MHz,CDCl3):δ=159.2,151.6,150.0,150.0,147.1,145.6,136.0,130.9,128.8,128.5,127.3,122.8,120.5,117.4,102.8,96.6,34.7,31.4,29.7,14.0,10.9.19F NMR(470MHz,CDCl3):δ=-141.5(d,J=26.8Hz,1F),-141.6(d,J=26.8Hz,1F),-145.0(m,2F),-145.1(m,2F).HRMS(APCI)Calcd.For C22H24B2F3N4O[M-F]+:439.2088,found 439.2113.
实施案例8
吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料2b的合成:
把实施案例7中合成2a实验步骤中的对叔丁基苯酚改为等物质的量的萘酚,其他操作同2a,得到2b的合成产率为85%(115mg)。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.99(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.93(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),7.85(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.73(s,1H),7.62-7.50(m,4H),7.38(d,.J=7.5Hz,1H),7.10(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),6.17(s,1H),5.77(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),2.51(s,3H),2.33(s,3H).13C NMR(75MHz,CDCl3):δ=159.2,151.6,147.7,147.3,145.8,136.2,135.1,128.6,128.1,127.4,127.3,126.3,125.5,122.9,121.2,117.8,117.5,103.1,96.1,14.0,10.9.19F NMR(470MHz,CDCl3):δ=-140.3(d,J=25.4Hz,1F),-140.4(d,J=25.4Hz,1F),-145.2(d,J=14.1Hz,1F),-145.3(d,J=16.5Hz,1F).HRMS(APCI)Calcd.ForC22H18B2F3N4O[M-F]+:433.1619,found 433.1627.
实施案例9
吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料2c的合成:
把实施案例7中合成2a实验步骤中的对叔丁基苯酚改为等物质的量的巯基乙酸乙酯(0.27mL,3mmol),其他操作同2a,得到2c的合成产率为76%(96mg)。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.71-7.64(m,2H),7.29(t,J=7.5Hz,1H),6.86(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),6.15(s,1H),4.24(J=6.9Hz,2H),3.81(s,2H),2.48(s,3H),2.31(s,3H),1.29(t,J=7.2Hz,4H).13C NMR(75MHz,CDCl3):δ=167.8,149.8,147.9,142.2,136.7,128.7,122.9,117.7,113.6,108.0,62.4,35.0,29.7,14.1,10.9.19F NMR(470MHz,CDCl3):δ=-141.2(d,J=28.2Hz,1F),-141.3(d,J=28.2Hz,1F),-142.1(d,J=23.0Hz,1F),-142.2(d,J=23.5Hz,1F).HRMS(APCI)Calcd.For C16H19B2F4N4O2S[M+H]+:429.1351,found 429.1376.
实施案例10
吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料2d的合成:
把实施案例7中合成2a实验步骤中的对叔丁基苯酚改为等物质的量的正丁胺(0.28mL,3mmol),其他操作同2a,得到2d的合成产率为82%(94mg)。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.61-7.54(m,2H),6.64(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),6.12(s,1H),5.92(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),5.19(s,1H),3.25(q,J=6.0Hz,2H),2.48(s,3H),2.28(s,3H),1.71-1.66(m,2H),1.48-1.41(m,2H),0.98(t,J=7.2Hz,3H).13C NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ=151.5,150.3,146.2,144.6,134.8,127.1,122.7,117.2,95.7,94.5,42.6,30.7,20.0,13.9,13.7,10.9.19F NMR(470MHz,CDCl3):δ=-141.3(d,J=28.7Hz,1F),-141.4(d,J=29.6Hz,1F),-147.7(d,J=28.7Hz,1F),-147.8(d,J=28.7Hz,1F).HRMS(APCI)Calcd.For C16H22B2F4N5[M+H]+:382.1997,found 382.2015.
实施案例11
吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料2e的合成:
将1bb(103mg,0.3mmol),2-三丁基噻吩锡试剂(197mg,0.52mmol),Pd(PPh3)4(7mg,0.0063mmmol)加入到10mL Schlenk反应管中。然后将反应器抽真空、通氩气,如此反复三次之后加入1.0mL甲苯。将其转移到油浴锅中加热到90℃搅拌反应5h。冷却到室温,二氯甲烷萃取,合并有机相,无水硫酸钠干燥,粗产品浓缩,经柱层析(固定相为300-400目硅胶,洗脱液为石油醚与乙酸乙酯体积比为4/1的混合体系)分离得到产物2e 48mg,产率91%。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.85(s,1H),7.76(t,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.60(s,1H),7.52(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),7.46(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),7.18(t,J=4.5Hz,1H),6.99(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),6.15(s,1H),2.49(s,3H),2.29(s,3H).13C NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ=153.0,147.5,144.6,142.5,136.2,134.1,130.6,129.1,128.5,128.4,122.8,117.6,116.0,109.7,14.0,10.9.19F NMR(470MHz,CDCl3):δ=-137.6(d,J=24.4Hz,1F),-137.7(d,J=24.0Hz,1F),-141.1(d,J=29.6Hz,1F),-141.2(d,J=29.1Hz,1F).HRMS(APCI)Calcd.For C16H15B2F4N4S[M+H]+:393.1140,found 393.1169.
检测例1
将实施例1-11中制得的吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料分别在正己烷、甲苯、二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃和甲醇中的光物理化学性质数据如下:
表1
检测例2
对实施例制得的吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料1ba、1ca、1bb、1cb、2a、2b、2d和2e进行X-射线单晶衍射表征,具体结果如图1-8所示;为了更加清晰地看清楚结构,H原子被抹掉了。
检测例3
将实施例6制得的吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料1cb的甲醇溶液在700-900nm激光光源的照射下的双光子吸收截面,例如在760nm激发下1cb的双光子吸收截面可达到998GM,相关测试总结如图9所示。
应用例1
将实施例6制得的吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料1cb进行细胞荧光成像应用:图10-1为为吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料1cb在活体细胞中的单光子成像照片,显示绿色的荧光;
图10-2为吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料1cb在活体细胞中的双光子荧光成像照片;
图10-3为图10-1、图10-2中细胞相应的明场照片,表明实验所用的细胞都是活细胞。
通过上述实施例1-11可知,本发明提供了一种通过吡咯醛酮衍生物与吡啶肼衍生物在酸性条件下缩合配位“一锅”制备一系列双氟硼强荧光染料的方法。该制备方法所用原料已经被商品化,原料易得且步骤简单。这一系列有机功能染料具有优异的光电物理性质例如高摩尔吸光系数、高荧光量子产率、高光稳定性、对pH不敏感以及具有双光子吸收和双光子荧光等。该类染料在700-900nm近红外区有双光子吸收,使得其生物成像等领域具有良好的应用前景。
所示实施案例仅用于描述本发明的概要,并不限制本发明,技术员可在所属领域自主选择实施。
Claims (10)
1.一种吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料,其特征在于,其结构如式(1)所示,R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8各自独立为H、C1-12的直链或者支链烷基、C1-12的直链或者支链环烷基团、芳香基团、卤素、SR9、OR9、NR9R10、NO2、SO3H、(CH2)nCH2SO3H、(CH2)nCH2OH、(CHOH)nCH2OH、(CH2)nCH2Br、(CH2)nCH2(PPh3)Br、(CH2)nCH2(PPh3)I、(CH2)nCH2(NEt3)Br、(CH2)nCH2(NEt3)I、(CH=CH2)(C6H4)R9或(CH=CH2)(C6H4)OR9;
其中,R9、R10各自独立为H、CH2COOEt、C1-12的直链或者支链烷基、C1-12的直链或者支链环烷基团或芳香基团,n为正整数;
2.根据权利要求1所述的吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料,其中,所述卤素为F、Cl、Br或I;
所述芳香基团为噻吩基团、呋喃基团或苯环基团。
3.根据权利要求2所述的吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料,其中,所述
R1、R2和R3为H或C1-C6的直链或支链烷基,
R5为H、Cl、噻吩基团、呋喃基团、苯环基团、OR9、NR9R10、或SR9,
R4、R6、R7和R8各自独立为H、C1-C6的直链或者支链烷基、C1-C6的直链或者支链环烷基团;
其中,R9、R10各自独立为H、CH2COOEt、萘基、噻吩基、C1-C6的直链或者支链烷基或C1-6的直链或者支链环烷基团;
优选地,所述R1、R3各自独立为H或甲基,所述R2、R4、R6、R7和R8各自独立为H或乙基;R5为H、Cl、对叔丁基苯氧基、噻吩基团、OR9且R9为萘、SR9且R9为CH2COOEt、或NR9R10且R9为H、R10为正丁基。
4.一种如权利要求1-3中任意一项所述的吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括:
将式(A)所示的吡咯醛酮衍生物与式(B)所示的2-肼基吡啶衍生物在溶剂存在下、酸性条件下进行第一接触反应;接着将反应体系进行碱处理,然后加入三氟化硼乙醚进行第二触反应;
5.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其中,相对于2mmol所述吡咯醛酮衍生物,所述2-肼基杂环衍生物的用量为2-20mmol,所述三氟化硼乙醚为3-30mL;
优选地,进行所述碱处理后体系的pH为7.5-10。
6.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,所述第一接触反应温度为70-120℃,反应时间为2-48h;
所述第二接触反应的反应温度为80-120℃,反应时间为1-48h。
7.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其中,所述碱处理包括依次进行的碱萃取和洗涤,且所述碱处理的碱由有机碱和/或无机碱提供;
其中,所述有机碱为三乙胺、N,N二异丙基乙胺、1,8-二氮杂二环[5.4.0]十一碳-7-烯和二乙胺中的至少一者;
所述无机碱为碳酸氢钠及其溶液、碳酸氢钾及其溶液、碳酸钠及其溶液和碳酸钾中的至少一者。
8.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其中,所述酸性条件由路易斯酸提供,含有冰醋酸、对甲苯磺酸、苯甲磺酸、甲磺酸、三氟化硼乙醚和盐酸中的至少一者;
优选地,所述第一接触反应开始时体系的pH为5.1-6.9。
9.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,所述第一接触反应与所述第二接触反应中的溶剂各自独立为三氯甲烷、1,2-二氯甲烷、二氯甲烷、甲苯,邻二氯苯、对二氯苯、间二氯苯和乙酸乙酯中的一种或多种;
优选地,所述溶剂为甲苯;
更优选地,所述溶剂为1,2-二氯甲烷。
10.一种如权利要求3-9中任意一项所述的制备方法制得的吡咯吡啶肼双氟硼强荧光染料在活体成像领域的应用。
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