CN108504438A - 一种改性蓖麻油铝合金用切削液 - Google Patents

一种改性蓖麻油铝合金用切削液 Download PDF

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CN108504438A
CN108504438A CN201810447699.4A CN201810447699A CN108504438A CN 108504438 A CN108504438 A CN 108504438A CN 201810447699 A CN201810447699 A CN 201810447699A CN 108504438 A CN108504438 A CN 108504438A
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castor oil
modified castor
cutting fluid
weight
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胡晓菁
胡茂友
王建新
谢明通
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TONGLING KANGDA ALUMINIUM ALLOY CO Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种改性蓖麻油铝合金用切削液，其原料按重量份包括：改性蓖麻油20‑30份、季戊四醇酯10‑20份、聚乙二醇醚10‑15份、氨基硫脲2‑7份、二壬基萘磺酸钡0.5‑4份、环烷酸锌5‑7份、苯甲酸1.5‑4份、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚0.2‑0.7份、渗透剂0.3‑0.6份、石蜡0.03‑0.07份、十二烷基甜菜碱0.6‑2份、乳化剂0.06‑0.3份、去离子水10‑18份。本发明制得的切削液具有优异的润滑性、抗菌性和可降解性。

Description

一种改性蓖麻油铝合金用切削液
技术领域
本发明涉及切削液，具体涉及一种改性蓖麻油铝合金用切削液。
背景技术
切削液是一种用在金属切削、磨加工过程中，用来冷却和润滑刀具和加工件的工业用液体，切削液由多种超强功能助剂经科学复合配合而成。
人类使用切削液的历史可以追溯到远古时代。人们在磨制石器、铜器和铁器时，就知道浇水可以提高效率和质量。在古罗马时代，车削活塞泵的铸件时就使用橄榄油，16世纪使用牛脂和水溶剂来抛光金属盔甲。从1775年英国的约翰·威尔金森(J.Wilkinson)为了加工瓦特蒸汽机的汽缸而研制成功镗床开始，伴随出现了水和油在金属切削加工中的应用。到1860年经历了漫长发展后，车、铣、刨、磨、齿轮加工和螺纹加工等各种机床相继出现，也标志着切削液开始较大规模的应用。
现代切削液虽然有了较快地发展，但是有些性能例如抗菌性能依然无法满足市场的需求。
发明内容
基于背景技术存在的技术问题，本发明提出了一种改性蓖麻油铝合金用切削液。本发明制得的切削液具有优异的润滑性、抗菌性和可降解性。
本发明提出的一种改性蓖麻油铝合金用切削液，其原料按重量份包括：改性蓖麻油20-30份、季戊四醇酯10-20份、聚乙二醇醚10-15份、氨基硫脲2-7份、二壬基萘磺酸钡0.5-4份、环烷酸锌5-7份、苯甲酸1.5-4份、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚0.2-0.7份、渗透剂0.3-0.6份、石蜡0.03-0.07份、十二烷基甜菜碱0.6-2份、乳化剂0.06-0.3份、去离子水10-18份。
优选地，所述改性蓖麻油的制备方法为：向蓖麻油中加入甲酸、双氧水和阳离子交换树脂，升温，保温反应，降温，加入纳米氧化铜和表面活性剂，水浴反应，得到改性蓖麻油。
优选地，所述改性蓖麻油的制备方法为：向1重量份的蓖麻油中加入0.2-0.6重量份的甲酸、0.4-0.8重量份的双氧水和0.1-0.5重量份的阳离子交换树脂，升温至60-70℃，保温反应6-9h，降温至30-40℃，加入0.1-1.2重量份的纳米氧化铜和0.07-0.3重量份的表面活性剂，水浴反应3-4.5h，得到改性蓖麻油。
优选地，所述阳离子交换树脂为颗粒状阳离子交换树脂。
优选地，所述石蜡为氯化石蜡。
优选地，所述渗透剂选自烷基磺酸钠、烷基硫酸酯钠、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚中的至少一种。
优选地，所述乳化剂选自硬脂酰乳酸钠、硬脂酰乳酸钙、双乙酰酒石酸单甘油酯、蔗糖脂肪酯中的至少一种。
本发明可按常规方法进行制备。
本发明的原料包括：改性蓖麻油、季戊四醇酯、聚乙二醇醚、氨基硫脲、二壬基萘磺酸钡、环烷酸锌、苯甲酸、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、渗透剂、石蜡、十二烷基甜菜碱、乳化剂、去离子水，各原料之间相容性好，且合理调配原料之间的配比，使本发明能够满足市场对于切削液性能的需求；本发明以改性蓖麻油、季戊四醇酯、聚乙二醇醚为基础油，其中，蓖麻油具有良好的可降解性和润滑性，但其分子中含有较多的不饱和碳碳双键以及β-H，导致蓖麻油的氧化稳定性和低温流动性不好，在本发明的优选方案中，选择过氧甲酸和双氧水对蓖麻油进行改性，氧化蓖麻油中的碳碳双键，进而改善蓖麻油的氧化稳定性和低温流动性，且在此基础上，能够提高纳米氧化铜与蓖麻油的相容性，较好地引入具有除菌作用的氧化铜粒子，有效提高本发明的抗菌性能；季戊四醇酯和天然油脂的结构非常相似，都具有脂基结构，故其具有很好的生物降解性；聚乙二醇醚分子结构中含有醚键，其结构呈现出螺旋结构，具有较好的润滑性能和抗剪切性能；蓖麻油、三羟甲基丙烷酯、聚乙二醇醚三者配合作用作为本发明的基础油，不仅三者之间相容性良好，且使本发明具有优异的润滑、抗菌、可降解、氧化稳定等性能，符合高效环保的理念要求。
具体实施方式
下面，通过具体实施例对本发明的技术方案进行详细说明。
实施例1
一种改性蓖麻油铝合金用切削液，其原料按重量份包括：改性蓖麻油20份、季戊四醇酯20份、聚乙二醇醚10份、氨基硫脲7份、二壬基萘磺酸钡0.5份、环烷酸锌7份、苯甲酸1.5份、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚0.7份、渗透剂0.3份、石蜡0.07份、十二烷基甜菜碱0.6份、乳化剂0.3份、去离子水10份。
实施例2
一种改性蓖麻油铝合金用切削液，其原料按重量份包括：改性蓖麻油30份、季戊四醇酯10份、聚乙二醇醚15份、氨基硫脲2份、二壬基萘磺酸钡4份、环烷酸锌5份、苯甲酸4份、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚0.2份、渗透剂0.6份、石蜡0.03份、十二烷基甜菜碱2份、乳化剂0.06份、去离子水18份；
其中，所述改性蓖麻油的制备方法为：向蓖麻油中加入甲酸、双氧水和阳离子交换树脂，升温，保温反应，降温，加入纳米氧化铜和表面活性剂，水浴反应，得到改性蓖麻油；
所述乳化剂为硬脂酰乳酸钠。
实施例3
一种改性蓖麻油铝合金用切削液，其原料按重量份包括：改性蓖麻油25份、季戊四醇酯15份、聚乙二醇醚13份、氨基硫脲4份、二壬基萘磺酸钡2份、环烷酸锌6份、苯甲酸3份、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚0.4份、渗透剂0.5份、石蜡0.05份、十二烷基甜菜碱1份、乳化剂0.2份、去离子水14份；
其中，所述改性蓖麻油的制备方法为：向1重量份的蓖麻油中加入0.2重量份的甲酸、0.8重量份的双氧水和0.1重量份的阳离子交换树脂，升温至70℃，保温反应6h，降温至40℃，加入0.1重量份的纳米氧化铜和0.3重量份的表面活性剂，水浴反应3h，得到改性蓖麻油；
所述阳离子交换树脂为颗粒状阳离子交换树脂；
所述石蜡为氯化石蜡；
所述渗透剂为烷基磺酸钠；
所述乳化剂为硬脂酰乳酸钙。
实施例4
一种改性蓖麻油铝合金用切削液，其原料按重量份包括：改性蓖麻油22份、季戊四醇酯13份、聚乙二醇醚12份、氨基硫脲3份、二壬基萘磺酸钡1份、环烷酸锌5.5份、苯甲酸2份、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚0.3份、渗透剂0.4份、石蜡0.04份、十二烷基甜菜碱0.7份、乳化剂0.08份、去离子水12份；
其中，所述改性蓖麻油的制备方法为：向1重量份的蓖麻油中加入0.6重量份的甲酸、0.4重量份的双氧水和0.5重量份的阳离子交换树脂，升温至60℃，保温反应9h，降温至30℃，加入1.2重量份的纳米氧化铜和0.07重量份的表面活性剂，水浴反应4.5h，得到改性蓖麻油；
所述阳离子交换树脂为颗粒状阳离子交换树脂；
所述石蜡为氯化石蜡；
所述渗透剂为烷基硫酸酯钠；
所述乳化剂为双乙酰酒石酸单甘油酯。
实施例5
一种改性蓖麻油铝合金用切削液，其原料按重量份包括：改性蓖麻油28份、季戊四醇酯18份、聚乙二醇醚14份、氨基硫脲5份、二壬基萘磺酸钡3份、环烷酸锌6.5份、苯甲酸3.5份、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚0.6份、渗透剂0.55份、石蜡0.06份、十二烷基甜菜碱1.5份、乳化剂0.25份、去离子水16份；
其中，所述改性蓖麻油的制备方法为：向1重量份的蓖麻油中加入0.4重量份的甲酸、0.6重量份的双氧水和0.3重量份的阳离子交换树脂，升温至65℃，保温反应8h，降温至30-40℃，加入0.7重量份的纳米氧化铜和0.2重量份的表面活性剂，水浴反应4h，得到改性蓖麻油；
所述阳离子交换树脂为颗粒状阳离子交换树脂；
所述石蜡为氯化石蜡；
所述渗透剂为脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚；
所述乳化剂为蔗糖脂肪酯。
对比例1
一种铝合金用切削液，其原料按重量份包括：蓖麻油28份、季戊四醇酯18份、聚乙二醇醚14份、氨基硫脲5份、二壬基萘磺酸钡3份、环烷酸锌6.5份、苯甲酸3.5份、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚0.6份、渗透剂0.55份、石蜡0.06份、十二烷基甜菜碱1.5份、乳化剂0.25份、去离子水16份；
其中，所述石蜡为氯化石蜡；
所述渗透剂为脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚；
所述乳化剂为蔗糖脂肪酯。
试验例1
分别对实施例5和对比例1进行相关性能测试，试验结果表现为：相对于对比例1，实施例5在抗菌性能上平均提高了11％，润滑性能上平均提高了8％，氧化稳定性能上平均提高了7％。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

1.一种改性蓖麻油铝合金用切削液，其特征在于，其原料按重量份包括：改性蓖麻油20-30份、季戊四醇酯10-20份、聚乙二醇醚10-15份、氨基硫脲2-7份、二壬基萘磺酸钡0.5-4份、环烷酸锌5-7份、苯甲酸1.5-4份、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚0.2-0.7份、渗透剂0.3-0.6份、石蜡0.03-0.07份、十二烷基甜菜碱0.6-2份、乳化剂0.06-0.3份、去离子水10-18份。
2.根据权利要求1所述改性蓖麻油铝合金用切削液，其特征在于，所述改性蓖麻油的制备方法为：向蓖麻油中加入甲酸、双氧水和阳离子交换树脂，升温，保温反应，降温，加入纳米氧化铜和表面活性剂，水浴反应，得到改性蓖麻油。
3.根据权利要求2所述改性蓖麻油铝合金用切削液，其特征在于，所述改性蓖麻油的制备方法为：向1重量份的蓖麻油中加入0.2-0.6重量份的甲酸、0.4-0.8重量份的双氧水和0.1-0.5重量份的阳离子交换树脂，升温至60-70℃，保温反应6-9h，降温至30-40℃，加入0.1-1.2重量份的纳米氧化铜和0.07-0.3重量份的表面活性剂，水浴反应3-4.5h，得到改性蓖麻油。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述改性蓖麻油铝合金用切削液，其特征在于，所述阳离子交换树脂为颗粒状阳离子交换树脂。
5.根据权利要求1所述改性蓖麻油铝合金用切削液，其特征在于，所述石蜡为氯化石蜡。
6.根据权利要求1所述改性蓖麻油铝合金用切削液，其特征在于，所述渗透剂选自烷基磺酸钠、烷基硫酸酯钠、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚中的至少一种。
7.根据权利要求1所述改性蓖麻油铝合金用切削液，其特征在于，所述乳化剂选自硬脂酰乳酸钠、硬脂酰乳酸钙、双乙酰酒石酸单甘油酯、蔗糖脂肪酯中的至少一种。
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