CN106398847A - 金属切削液的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种金属切削液的制备方法,包括如下步骤:首先依次向反应釜中加入质量份数为63份~67份的水、3份~7份的一元强碱和4份~8份的EDTA,然后加热至55℃~65℃,反应0.7h~1.5h;然后依次向反应釜中加入质量份数为5份~9份的苯甲酸钠、4份~8份的蓖钾皂、4份~8份的油酸三乙醇胺皂和0.5份~1.5份的色素,在55℃~65℃下反应1.5h~2.5h后,将温度降低到30℃~40℃,加入消泡剂,降低温度至室温,以制得金属切削液。根据本发明的金属切削液的制备方法,方法简单,节能环保,原料价格低廉,所制备的金属切削液的润滑性能和冷却效果均较好,具有经济、散热快、清洗性强等优点,适用于工业生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种金属切削液的制备方法。
背景技术
切削液(cutting fluid,coolant)是一种用在金属切削、磨加工过程中,用来冷却和润滑刀具和加工件的工业用液体,切削液由多种超强功能助剂经科学复合配合而成,同时具备良好的冷却性能、润滑性能、防锈性能、除油清洗功能、防腐功能、易稀释特点。切削液各项指标均优于皂化油,它具有良好的冷却、清洗、防锈等特点,并且具备无毒、无味、对人体无侵蚀、对设备不腐蚀、对环境不污染等特点。
目前的油基切削液的润滑性能较好,但是冷却效果较差;而水基切削液与油基切削液相比,冷却效果好,但是润滑性能相对较差。乳化液把油的润滑性和防锈性与水的极好冷却性结合起来,同时具备较好的润滑冷却性,因而对于大量热生成的高速低压力的金属切削加工很有效。与油基切削液相比,乳化液的优点在于较大的散热性、清洗性、用水稀释使用而带来的经济性,以及有利于操作者的卫生和安全而使他们乐于使用。实际上除特别难加工的材料外,乳化液几乎可以用于所有的轻、中等负荷的切削加工及大部分重负荷加工,乳化液还可用于除螺纹磨削、槽沟麻削等复杂磨削外的所有磨削加工,乳化液的缺点是容易使细菌、霉菌繁殖,使乳化液中的有效成分产生化学分解而发臭、变质。化学合成切削液的优点在于经济、散热快、清洗性强和极好的工件可见性,易于控制加工尺寸,其稳定性和抗腐败能力比乳化液强,但是其润滑性欠佳将引起机床活动部件的粘着和磨损,而且,化学合成留下的粘稠状残留物会影响机器零件的运动,还会使这些零件的重叠面产生锈蚀。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的在于提出一种金属切削液的制备方法。
根据本发明实施例的一种金属切削液的制备方法,包括如下步骤:首先依次向反应釜中加入质量份数为63份~67份的水、3份~7份的一元强碱和4份~8份的EDTA,然后将所述反应釜加热至55℃~65℃,反应0.7h~1.5h;然后依次向所述反应釜中加入质量份数为5份~9份的苯甲酸钠、4份~8份的蓖钾皂、4份~8份的油酸三乙醇胺皂和0.5份~1.5份的色素,在55℃~65℃温度下反应1.5h~2.5h后,将温度降低到30℃~40℃,加入消泡剂,然后降低温度至室温,以制得金属切削液。
根据本发明实施例的金属切削液的制备方法,方法简单,节能环保,原料价格低廉,所制备的金属切削液的润滑性能和冷却效果均较好,具有经济、散热快、清洗性强等优点,适用于工业生产。
另外,根据本发明上述实施例的金属切削液的制备方法,还可以具有如下附加的技术特征:
进一步地,所述消泡剂至少包括乳化硅油、高碳醇脂肪酸酯复合物、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯季戊四醇醚、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙醇胺醚、聚氧丙烯甘油醚和聚氧丙烯聚氧乙烯甘油醚和聚二甲基硅氧烷中的一种。
进一步地,所述消泡剂的质量份数为3份~10份。
进一步地,所述色素包括天然色素和合成色素。
进一步地,所述水为去离子水或蒸馏水。
进一步地,所述一元强碱至少为氢氧化钾或氢氧化钠中的一种。
本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出,部分将从下面的描述中变得明显,或通过本发明的实践了解到。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例,所述实施例是示例性的,旨在用于解释本发明,而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
根据本发明实施例的一种金属切削液的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
首先依次向反应釜中加入质量份数为63份~67份的水、3份~7份的一元强碱和4份~8份的EDTA,然后将所述反应釜加热至55℃~65℃,反应0.7h~1.5h,以使EDTA与一元强碱发生螯合反应,形成稳定的水溶性络合物。所述一元强碱可以为氢氧化钠或者氢氧化钾等,优选氢氧化钾或氢氧化钠,因为氢氧化钾和氢氧化钠原料易得,价格低廉,节能环保,经济实惠。其中,所述的水优选为去离子水或蒸馏水,以避免水中含有杂质,进而影响金属切削液的性能。
然后依次向所述反应釜中加入质量份数为5份~9份的苯甲酸钠、4份~8份的蓖钾皂、4份~8份的油酸三乙醇胺皂和0.5份~1.5份的色素,在55℃~65℃温度下反应1.5h~2.5h后,将温度降低到30℃~40℃,加入消泡剂,然后降低温度至室温,以制得金属切削液。加入油酸三乙醇胺皂和蓖钾皂等原料合成的金属切削液具有优异的润滑性能和防锈性能,油酸三乙醇胺皂是优良的油性添加剂,与络合物复合配制成的切削液具有优良的润滑性、防锈性、冷却性和清洗性。其中,消泡剂可以为乳化硅油、高碳醇脂肪酸酯复合物、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯季戊四醇醚、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙醇胺醚、聚氧丙烯甘油醚和聚氧丙烯聚氧乙烯甘油醚和聚二甲基硅氧烷中的一种或多种,消泡剂用于消除反应过程中产生的气泡,以避免气泡对切削液性能的影响。加入的消泡剂的量以使气泡消失为宜,优选地,加入消泡剂的质量分数为3份~10份。其中,色素包括天然色素和合成色素。
下面通过具体实施例详细描述本发明。
实施例1
(1)首先依次向反应釜中加入质量份数为65份的水、5份的氢氧化钾和6份的EDTA,然后将所述反应釜加热至60℃,反应1h。
(2)然后依次向所述反应釜中加入质量份数为7份的苯甲酸钠、6份的蓖钾皂、6份的油酸三乙醇胺皂和1份的甜菜红,在60℃温度下反应2.5h后,将温度降低到35℃,加入5份聚氧乙烯聚氧丙醇胺醚,然后降低温度至室温,以制得金属切削液。
根据本实施例的金属切削液的制备方法,方法简单,节能环保,原料价格低廉,所制备的金属切削液的润滑性能和冷却效果均较好,具有经济、散热快、清洗性强等优点,适用于工业生产。
实施例2
(1)首先依次向反应釜中加入质量份数为63份的水、3份的氢氧化钠和4份的EDTA,然后将所述反应釜加热至55℃,反应0.7h。
(2)然后依次向所述反应釜中加入质量份数为5份的苯甲酸钠、4份的蓖钾皂、4份的油酸三乙醇胺皂和0.5份的姜黄,在55℃温度下反应1.5h后,将温度降低到30℃,加入3份乳化硅油,然后降低温度至室温,以制得金属切削液。
根据本实施例的金属切削液的制备方法,方法简单,节能环保,原料价格低廉,所制备的金属切削液的润滑性能和冷却效果均较好,具有经济、散热快、清洗性强等优点,适用于工业生产。
实施例3
(1)首先依次向反应釜中加入质量份数为67份的水、7份的氢氧化钾和8份的EDTA,然后将所述反应釜加热至65℃,反应1.5h。
(2)然后依次向所述反应釜中加入质量份数为9份的苯甲酸钠、8份的蓖钾皂、8份的油酸三乙醇胺皂和1.5份的苋菜红,在65℃温度下反应2.5h后,将温度降低到40℃,加入10份聚氧丙烯甘油醚,然后降低温度至室温,以制得金属切削液。
根据本实施例的金属切削液的制备方法,方法简单,节能环保,原料价格低廉,所制备的金属切削液的润滑性能和冷却效果均较好,具有经济、散热快、清洗性强等优点,适用于工业生产。
在本说明书的描述中,参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中,对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且,描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外,在不相互矛盾的情况下,本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,可以理解的是,上述实施例是示例性的,不能理解为对本发明的限制,本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。
Claims (6)
1.一种金属切削液的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
首先依次向反应釜中加入质量份数为63份~67份的水、3份~7份的一元强碱和4份~8份的EDTA,然后将所述反应釜加热至55℃~65℃,反应0.7h~1.5h;
然后依次向所述反应釜中加入质量份数为5份~9份的苯甲酸钠、4份~8份的蓖钾皂、4份~8份的油酸三乙醇胺皂和0.5份~1.5份的色素,在55℃~65℃温度下反应1.5h~2.5h后,将温度降低到30℃~40℃,加入消泡剂,然后降低温度至室温,以制得金属切削液。
2.根据权利要求1所述的金属切削液的制备方法,其特征在于,所述消泡剂至少包括乳化硅油、高碳醇脂肪酸酯复合物、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯季戊四醇醚、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙醇胺醚、聚氧丙烯甘油醚和聚氧丙烯聚氧乙烯甘油醚和聚二甲基硅氧烷中的一种。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的金属切削液的制备方法,其特征在于,所述消泡剂的质量份数为3份~10份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的金属切削液的制备方法,其特征在于,所述色素包括天然色素和合成色素。
5.根据权利要求1所述的金属切削液的制备方法,其特征在于,所述水为去离子水或蒸馏水。
6.根据权利要求1所述的金属切削液的制备方法,其特征在于,所述一元强碱至少为氢氧化钾或氢氧化钠中的一种。
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