CN108494260A - 一种软开关电路 - Google Patents

一种软开关电路 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108494260A
CN108494260A CN201810319042.XA CN201810319042A CN108494260A CN 108494260 A CN108494260 A CN 108494260A CN 201810319042 A CN201810319042 A CN 201810319042A CN 108494260 A CN108494260 A CN 108494260A
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semiconductor
oxide
metal
switch
switch metal
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刘军
张建光
蒋中为
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SHENZHEN GOLD POWER TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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SHENZHEN GOLD POWER TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201810319042.XA priority Critical patent/CN108494260A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2018/103249 priority patent/WO2019196318A1/zh
Publication of CN108494260A publication Critical patent/CN108494260A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
    • H02M3/33523—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
    • H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
    • H02M1/0058—Transistor switching losses by employing soft switching techniques, i.e. commutation of transistors when applied voltage is zero or when current flow is zero
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种软开关电路，包括LLC谐振转换器；还包括控制装置，开关MOS管Q3、开关MOS管Q4、电容C1、电容C2；电容C1的两端分别接开关MOS管Q1的漏极和开关MOS管Q3的漏极，开关MOS管Q3的源极与开关MOS管Q1的源极相连；电容C2的两端分别接开关MOS管Q2的漏极和开关MOS管Q4的漏极，开关MOS管Q4的源极与开关MOS管Q2的源极相连；控制装置产生驱动信号drv分别接开关MOS管Q3和开关MOS管Q4的栅极。本发明由于在高频下大负载会带来很大电压尖峰及关断损耗时，控制信号drv控制MOS管Q3和开关MOS管Q4导通，将电容C1和电容C2并联到LLC谐振转换器开关MOS管Q1和开关MOS管Q2的两端，如并入电容C1、C2使MOS管电压上升慢减少dv*di*dt及关断损耗，电容C1、C2吸收能量在下一周期又释放到电源中。

Description

一种软开关电路
技术领域
本发明涉及软开关电路。
背景技术
与传统PWM(脉宽调节)变换器不同，LLC是一种通过控制开关频率(频率调节)来实现输出电压恒定的谐振电路，又称为LLC谐振变换器、LLC谐振转换器。它的优点是：实现原边两个主MOS开关的零电压开通(ZVS)和副边整流二极管的零电流关断(ZCS)，通过软开关技术，可以降低电源的开关损耗，提高功率变换器的效率和功率密度图1给出了LLC谐振变换器的典型线路。如图1所示LLC转换器包括Q1和Q2两个主MOS开关，其输入PWM信号的占空比都为0.5；在主MOS开关Q1的源－漏极(s-d)间并联的二极管D1，在主MOS开关Q2的源－漏(s-d)极间并联的二极管D3；事实上二极管D1和二极管D3分别是MOS开关管Q1、MOS开关管Q2的体二极管。谐振电容Cr，原副边匝数相等的中心抽头变压器T1，等效电感Lr，励磁电感Lp，全波整流二极管D2和D4以及输出电容Co。
如图1的LLC电路可知：Vin为直流母线电压，主开关MOS管Q1，主开关MOS管Q2一起受控产生方波电压；
谐振电容Cr、谐振电感Lr、励磁电感Lp一起构成谐振网络；
T1A，T1B为理想变压器原、副边线圈；
二极管D2,二极管D4，输出电容C3一起构成输出整流滤波网络。
输出电压范围宽的条件下，比如通电桩模块上，输出可能从300到750V，甚至更宽，大家都喜欢用LLC电路来提高效率，但在一些电压范围内，由于LLC电路的一些特性，使得功率MOSFET损耗大，不利于效率提高与功率MOSFET管子散热。
发明内容
本发明针对目前但在一些电压范围内，由于软开关电路中，LLC电路的一些特性，使得功率MOSFET损耗大，不利于效率提高与功率MOSFET管子散热。
本发明为实现其技术目的所采用的技术方案是：一种软开关电路，包括具有开关MOS管Q1、开关MOS管Q2的LLC谐振转换器；其特征在于：还包括控制装置，开关MOS管Q3、开关MOS管Q4、电容C1、电容C2；
所述的电容C1的两端分别接开关MOS管Q1的漏极和开关MOS管Q3的漏极，开关MOS管Q3的源极与开关MOS管Q1的源极相连；
所述的电容C2的两端分别接开关MOS管Q2的漏极和开关MOS管Q4的漏极，开关MOS管Q4的源极与开关MOS管Q2的源极相连；
所述的控制装置产生驱动信号drv分别接开关MOS管Q3和开关MOS管Q4的栅极。
本发明由于在高频下大负载会带来很大电压尖峰及关断损耗时，控制信号drv控制MOS管Q3和开关MOS管Q4导通，将电容C1和电容C2并联到LLC谐振转换器开关MOS管Q1和开关MOS管Q2的两端，如并入电容C1、C2使MOS管电压上升慢减少dv*di*dt及关断损耗，电容C1、C2吸收能量在下一周期又释放到电源中。
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明进行进一步的描述。
附图说明
图1是目前LLC谐振变换器原理图。
图2是本发明软开关电路中LLC谐振变换器原理图。
具体实施方式
实施例1，如图2所示是本实施例软开关电路中LLC谐振变换器原理图，如图2所示，本实施例的LLC谐振变换器中，Vin为直流母线电压，主开关MOS管Q1，主开关MOS管Q2一起受控产生方波电压；
谐振电容Cr、谐振电感Lr、励磁电感Lp一起构成谐振网络；
T1A，T1B为理想变压器原、副边线圈；
二极管D2,二极管D4，输出电容C3一起构成输出整流滤波网络。
另外，有条件的在主开关MOS管Q1，主开关MOS管Q2两端并联一个电容，分别是电容C1和电容C2，如图2所示，采用两个开关MOS管控制电容C1和电容C2是否并联到主开关MOS管Q1，主开关MOS管Q2两端。电容C1的两端分别接开关MOS管Q1的漏极和开关MOS管Q3的漏极，开关MOS管Q3的源极与开关MOS管Q1的源极相连；电容C2的两端分别接开关MOS管Q2的漏极和开关MOS管Q4的漏极，开关MOS管Q4的源极与开关MOS管Q2的源极相连；控制装置产生驱动信号drv分别接开关MOS管Q3和开关MOS管Q4的栅极。
电源在宽输出电压范围中，低压重载条件以上，变压器励磁电流能抽掉加入电容能量满足LLC软开关条件。我们加入驱动信号drv，使开关MOS管Q3、开关MOS管Q4导通，使电容C1、电容C2并入主开关MOS管Q1，主开关MOS管Q2两端上，其它情况下开关MOS管Q3、开关MOS管Q4不导通，电容不并入。因在这种情况下LLC工作效率范围变化比较大，在高频段没并入电容时主开关MOS管Q1，主开关MOS管Q2虽然实现零电压开通ZVS,二极管D2、二极管D4实现零电流关断ZCS，但主开关MOS管Q1，主开关MOS管Q2硬关断，在高频下大负载会带来很大电压尖峰及关断损耗，如并入电容C1、电容C2使主开关MOS管Q1，主开关MOS管Q2电压上升慢减少dv*di*dt及关断损耗，电容C1、电容C2吸收能量在下一周期又释放到电源中。输出低压重载时，因LLC工作开关频率与输出电压及增益有很大关系，因在低压重载时才会出现高频与大的励磁电流。另外，高频重载时也会需要使开关MOS管Q3、开关MOS管Q4导通，因此，此时也会有与低压重载一样的drv信号。其实低压重载只要带载能连续工作就会出现高频，主要满足其损耗dv*di*dt对比大小，因在低压重载DV*DI大DT小，而在高压重载时DV*DI小DT大加上反而增加损耗。

Claims (3)

1.一种软开关电路，包括具有主开关MOS管Q1、主开关MOS管Q2的LLC谐振转换器；其特征在于：还包括控制装置，开关MOS管Q3、开关MOS管Q4、电容C1、电容C2；
所述的电容C1的两端分别接主开关MOS管Q1的漏极和开关MOS管Q3的漏极，开关MOS管Q3的源极与主开关MOS管Q1的源极相连；
所述的电容C2的两端分别接主开关MOS管Q2的漏极和开关MOS管Q4的漏极，开关MOS管Q4的源极与主开关MOS管Q2的源极相连；
所述的控制装置产生驱动信号drv分别接开关MOS管Q3和开关MOS管Q4的栅极。
2.根据权利要求1所述的软开关电路，其特征在于：所述的控制装置产生的驱动信号drv在输出低压重载时控制开关MOS管Q3和开关MOS管Q4导通。
3.根据权利要求1所述的软开关电路，其特征在于：所述的控制装置产生的驱动信号drv在输出高频重载时控制开关MOS管Q3和开关MOS管Q4导通。
CN201810319042.XA 2018-04-11 2018-04-11 一种软开关电路 Pending CN108494260A (zh)

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WO2019200812A1 (zh) * 2018-04-17 2019-10-24 深圳市金威源科技股份有限公司 一种软开关电路
CN110707931A (zh) * 2019-09-06 2020-01-17 广州金升阳科技有限公司 一种llc谐振变换器及控制方法

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CN110707931A (zh) * 2019-09-06 2020-01-17 广州金升阳科技有限公司 一种llc谐振变换器及控制方法

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Application publication date: 20180904