CN108491354A - 一种通用的离散信号分解和重建方法 - Google Patents

一种通用的离散信号分解和重建方法 Download PDF

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CN108491354A
CN108491354A CN201810101575.0A CN201810101575A CN108491354A CN 108491354 A CN108491354 A CN 108491354A CN 201810101575 A CN201810101575 A CN 201810101575A CN 108491354 A CN108491354 A CN 108491354A
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CN108491354B (zh
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刘怡光
郑豫楠
史雪蕾
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Sichuan University
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    • G06F17/00Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
    • G06F17/10Complex mathematical operations
    • G06F17/14Fourier, Walsh or analogous domain transformations, e.g. Laplace, Hilbert, Karhunen-Loeve, transforms
    • G06F17/148Wavelet transforms

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Abstract

本发明提出了一组双曲方程,这组方程的任意解可以作为分解和重构滤波器的系数,现有的离散小波滤波器均是该方程组的解,同时其他的分解滤波器系数也是这组方程的解。除此之外,可对该方程组添加特定约束,来生成满足特定需求的滤波器系数。

Description

一种通用的离散信号分解和重建方法
技术领域
本发明涉及信号分解及重建技术领域,具体涉及一种将信号分解成不同频率的分解和重建的架构方法。
背景技术
为了便于研究信号的传输和处理问题,往往将信号分解为一些简单、基本的信号之和。不同的分解角度,可以将信号分解为不同的分量。小波变换(wavelet transform,WT)是一种新的变换分析方法,它继承和发展了短时傅立叶变换局部化的思想,同时又克服了窗口大小不随频率变化等缺点,能够提供一个随频率改变的“时间-频率”窗口,是进行信号时频分析和处理的理想工具。
它的主要特点是通过变换能够充分突出问题某些方面的特征,能对时间(空间)频率的局部化分析,通过伸缩平移运算对信号(函数)逐步进行多尺度细化,最终达到高频处时间细分,低频处频率细分,能自动适应时频信号分析的要求,从而可聚焦到信号的任意细节,解决了Fourier变换的困难问题,成为继Fourier变换以来在科学方法上的重大突破。
通过离散小波变换,可以实现对离散信号的分解和重建;进行离散小波变换之前需要指定对应的低通滤波器和高通滤波器。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是分解和重建信号。
本发明的解决方案是:提出了一组双曲方程,这个组的任意解可以作为分解和重构滤波的系数,现有的离散小波滤波器是方程组的解,同时许多其他的分解过滤器可以从这个组中获得,相对于现有的系数固定的离散小波分解,特殊的约束可以应用于求解,而使对于特殊需求的分解可行。
本发明为实现上述解决方案,其方法步骤如下:
1.设定一个实数集L≡[l1,l2,...,l2n],为方便表述这里设定n=3,即L≡[l1,l2,...,l6];
2.将l1,l5和l6设为三个任意的实数;
3.根据公式:
可得:
由于l1,l5和l6已知,因此可以计算出l2,l3,l4
4.对L进行归一化处理,使其长度为1,归一化后的结果记为Ld
5.通过Hd=-qmf(Ld)得到Hd
6.对Ld进行逆序操作,将得到的结果记为Lr,即Lr=[l6,l5,...,l1];
7.通过Hr=qmf(Lr)得到Hr
8.将Ld和Hd分别做为离散小波变换的低通滤波器和高通滤波器,对原始信号进行离散小波变换,可得到分解后的信号;
9.将Lr Hr分别做为逆离散小波分解的低通滤波器和高通滤波器,对8)得到的分解信号进行逆离散小波变换,可将分解后的信号恢复为原始信号。

Claims (1)

1.一种通用的离散信号分解和重建方法,核心在于通过本专利提出的以下公式可以得到任意的离散小波变换滤波器:
满足上述公式的任意解Ld均可生成离散小波变换的滤波器,步骤如下:
1)对Ld进行归一化处理;
2)通过Hd=-qmf(Ld)得到Hd,其中qmf为正交镜像滤波器;
3)对Ld进行逆序操作,将得到的结果记为Lr,即Lr=[l2n,l2n-1,...,l1];
4)通过Hr=qmf(Lr)得到Hr
5)将Ld和Hd分别做为离散小波变换的低通滤波器和高通滤波器,对原始信号进行离散小波变换,可得到分解后的信号;
6)将Lr和Hr分别做为逆离散小波分解的低通滤波器和高通滤波器,对5)得到的分解信号进行逆离散小波变换,可将分解后的信号恢复为原始信号。
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