CN108477036A - Black pearl cultivating method - Google Patents

Black pearl cultivating method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108477036A
CN108477036A CN201810303439.XA CN201810303439A CN108477036A CN 108477036 A CN108477036 A CN 108477036A CN 201810303439 A CN201810303439 A CN 201810303439A CN 108477036 A CN108477036 A CN 108477036A
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China
Prior art keywords
freshwater mussel
pearl
core
male parent
radiation
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CN201810303439.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
杨品红
韩庆
黄春红
谢中国
石彭灵
罗丛强
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Hunan University of Arts and Science
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Hunan University of Arts and Science
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Priority to CN201810303439.XA priority Critical patent/CN108477036A/en
Publication of CN108477036A publication Critical patent/CN108477036A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/50Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
    • A01K61/54Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels
    • A01K61/56Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels for pearl production
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K67/00Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
    • A01K67/033Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
    • A01K67/0333Genetically modified invertebrates, e.g. transgenic, polyploid
    • A01K67/0334Genetically modified Molluscs
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K20/00Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10Organic substances
    • A23K20/116Heterocyclic compounds
    • A23K20/132Heterocyclic compounds containing only one nitrogen as hetero atom
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K20/00Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10Organic substances
    • A23K20/142Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K20/00Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/26Compounds containing phosphorus
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K20/00Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/30Oligoelements
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K40/00Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K40/30Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by encapsulating; by coating
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K50/00Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/80Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K2217/00Genetically modified animals
    • A01K2217/03Animals modified by random mutagenesis, e.g. using ENU, chemicals
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K2227/00Animals characterised by species
    • A01K2227/70Invertebrates
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of black pearl cultivating method, including the pretreatment of male parent and female parent, the processing of first filial generation freshwater mussel, freshwater mussel of performing the operation selection and inserted sheet plant core, prepared by the bait for object of growing cultured pearls, hanging culture management.The present invention chooses certain radiation intensity and radiated time, can make the nacre quality gene mutation of pearl culturing clam, after hybridization, can obtain the secretion nacreous pearl culturing clam of black, and improve hatching rate(90% or more), reduce repulsion mutual in population;And aquatic environment is polluted small.

Description

Black pearl cultivating method
Technical field
The present invention relates to water pearl culture technical fields, and in particular to a kind of black pearl realizes the training of mass production Educate method.
Background technology
Currently, fresh water pearl common are golden yellow, purple, pink, blue and cream color etc., the color of ocean pearl compared with It is few, generally there are silvery white, golden yellow, blue, black etc..Pearl quality is evaluated other than size, round as a ball degree, mainly face Color, color is rarer, and price is with regard to expensive, wherein especially very worthy with black pearl, but black pearl is mainly sea water pearls.
In the prior art, fresh water black pearl is transplanted generally by artificially colored, mantle piece, pearl core is handled etc., In in artificially colored method because of the fuel used chemical dye for being substantially organic synthesis, to environment, worker and wear human body and all deposit Potentially hazardous;The limiting factor of mantle piece grafting is more, by shellfish kind resource due to the color category of shell is less Limitation;Pearl core facture so that dyeing the nacre that core was grown later closes, and color is more stable.
Invention content
In view of the deficiency of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of appreciation gold pearl cultivation sides Method, to realize that gold pearl mass production provides the foundation.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:Black pearl cultivating method, includes the following steps:
(1)The pretreatment of male parent and female parent:Health, ripe 4 ages or more, inner casing are selected in lily hydriopsis cumingii as parent This, the maternal quantity ratio with male parent is 3-5:1, male parent is individually fed with maternal before mating, right 10-20 days before breeding Maternal, male parent carries out live body radiation, and radiation source is cobalt substance, and radiation intensity is 1.5-1.8 Wa/㎡, radiated time 30- 40min;Then male parent is surrounded maternal hanging culture by male and female ratio to be cultivated together to natural mating fertilization farrowing, obtains first filial generation Freshwater mussel;
(2)The processing of first filial generation freshwater mussel:Step will be passed through(1)The first filial generation freshwater mussel of gained conventionally cultivates into 6-8cm, then Live body radiation is carried out to it, radiation source is cobalt substance, and radiation intensity is 1.0-1.5 Wa/㎡, radiated time 20-25min, is continued It is spare after cultivating 1-2 months;
(3)The selection of operation freshwater mussel plants core with inserted sheet:Select step(2)The middle shell freshwater mussel without color is as small pieces and the receptor of plant piece Then freshwater mussel carries out inserted sheet or plants core, the method that inserted sheet plants core is same as conventional method;
(4)Grow cultured pearls object bait prepare:First, it is by weight ratio chelating amino acids chromium 30-40%, amino acid chelated iron 20- 30%, amino acid chelated calcium 5-15%, water-soluble porphyrin compound 10-20%, sodium phosphate 10-30%, cromoci 5-8% mixing Manganese liquid must be contained, secondly, conventionally prepare microcapsules containing manganese, the wherein cyst fluid of microcapsules is liquid containing manganese;Manganese will finally be contained Microcapsules are added into according to the weight adding proportion of 10-30% in the conventional bait of pearl culturing clam, to be made;
(5)Hanging culture management:It is inserted after core recuperates after an operation 20-35 days in receptor freshwater mussel and starts to feed step(4)The bait of preparation, until Pearl is formed completely.
Preferably, in step(5)In, use light-illuminating pearl culturing clam, intensity of illumination 900- after the operation of slotting core 1000LX/㎡/d。
Preferably, in step(5)In, it carries out after inserting core operation recuperation a period of time, pearl culturing clam is taken out, in relative closure Live body radiation is carried out in environment, radiation source is still cobalt substance, and radiation intensity is 1.2-1.8 Wa/㎡, radiated time 10-15min.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, certain radiation intensity and radiated time are chosen, the nacre quality gene mutation of pearl culturing clam can be made, by hybridization Afterwards, the secretion nacreous pearl culturing clam of black can be obtained;
2, by carrying out HORMONE TREATMENT to Parent, then hybridization effectively improves the synchronism of quality, and improves hatching rate(90% More than), reduce repulsion mutual in population;
3, the bait of the microcapsules containing manganese is fed, stablizes the nacreous secretion of black, effectively increases the yield of black pearl(85% More than), and because substance containing manganese is by encapsulation, aquatic environment is polluted small.
Specific implementation mode
In conjunction with specific embodiment, the technology contents of the present invention are further elaborated, but do not constitute the limit to its right System.
Embodiment one
The black pearl cultivating method of the present embodiment, includes the following steps:
(1)The pretreatment of male parent and female parent:Health, ripe 4 ages or more, inner casing are selected in lily hydriopsis cumingii as parent This, the maternal quantity ratio with male parent is 3:1, male parent is individually fed with maternal before mating, 20 days before breeding, to it is maternal, Male parent carries out live body radiation, and radiation source is cobalt substance, and radiation intensity is 1.5 Wa/㎡, radiated time 40min;Then male and female is pressed It is cultivated together to natural mating fertilization farrowing than male parent is surrounded maternal hanging culture, obtains first filial generation freshwater mussel;
(2)The processing of first filial generation freshwater mussel:Step will be passed through(1)The first filial generation freshwater mussel of gained conventionally cultivates into 8cm, then right It carries out live body radiation, and radiation source is cobalt substance, and radiation intensity is 1.0 Wa/㎡, radiated time 20min, continues cultivation 2 months Afterwards, spare;
(3)The selection of operation freshwater mussel plants core with inserted sheet:Select step(2)The middle shell freshwater mussel without color is as small pieces and the receptor of plant piece Then freshwater mussel carries out inserted sheet or plants core, the method that inserted sheet plants core is same as conventional method;
(4)Grow cultured pearls object bait prepare:First, it is by weight ratio chelating amino acids chromium 40%, amino acid chelated iron 20%, ammonia Base acid chelating calcium 15%, water-soluble porphyrin compound 10%, sodium phosphate 10%, cromoci 5% mix to obtain liquid containing manganese, secondly, press More solito prepares microcapsules containing manganese, and the wherein cyst fluid of microcapsules is liquid containing manganese;Finally by microcapsules containing manganese according to 30% weight Amount adding proportion is added into the conventional bait of pearl culturing clam, to be made;
(5)Hanging culture management:It is inserted after core recuperates after an operation 35 days in receptor freshwater mussel and starts to feed step(4)The bait of preparation, until precious Pearl is formed completely;It is 900-1000LX/ ㎡/d that light-illuminating pearl culturing clam, intensity of illumination are used after the operation of slotting core.
Embodiment two
The black pearl cultivating method of the present embodiment, includes the following steps:
(1)The pretreatment of male parent and female parent:Health, ripe 4 ages or more, inner casing are selected in lily hydriopsis cumingii as parent This, the maternal quantity ratio with male parent is 5:1, male parent is individually fed with maternal before mating, 10 days before breeding, to it is maternal, Male parent carries out live body radiation, and radiation source is cobalt substance, and radiation intensity is 1.8 Wa/㎡, radiated time 40min;Then male and female is pressed It is cultivated together to natural mating fertilization farrowing than male parent is surrounded maternal hanging culture, obtains first filial generation freshwater mussel;
(2)The processing of first filial generation freshwater mussel:Step will be passed through(1)The first filial generation freshwater mussel of gained conventionally cultivates into 6cm, then right It carries out live body radiation, and radiation source is cobalt substance, and radiation intensity is 1.5 Wa/㎡, radiated time 20min, continues cultivation 1 month Afterwards, spare;
(3)The selection of operation freshwater mussel plants core with inserted sheet:Select step(2)The middle shell freshwater mussel without color is as small pieces and the receptor of plant piece Then freshwater mussel carries out inserted sheet or plants core, the method that inserted sheet plants core is same as conventional method;
(4)Grow cultured pearls object bait prepare:First, it is by weight ratio chelating amino acids chromium 30%, amino acid chelated iron 20%, ammonia Base acid chelating calcium 10%, water-soluble porphyrin compound 10%, sodium phosphate 22%, cromoci 8% mix to obtain liquid containing manganese, secondly, press More solito prepares microcapsules containing manganese, and the wherein cyst fluid of microcapsules is liquid containing manganese;Finally by microcapsules containing manganese according to 20% weight Amount adding proportion is added into the conventional bait of pearl culturing clam, to be made;
(5)Hanging culture management:Slotting core operation after i.e. use light-illuminating pearl culturing clam, intensity of illumination be 900-1000LX/ ㎡/d, by Body freshwater mussel inserts after core recuperates after an operation 20 days and takes out pearl culturing clam, and live body radiation is carried out in relative closure environment, and radiation source is still Cobalt substance, radiation intensity are 1.8 Wa/㎡, radiated time 15min;Then start to feed step(4)The bait of preparation, until precious Pearl is formed completely.

Claims (3)

1. black pearl cultivating method, includes the following steps:
(1)The pretreatment of male parent and female parent:Health, ripe 4 ages or more, inner casing are selected in lily hydriopsis cumingii as parent This, the maternal quantity ratio with male parent is 3-5:1, male parent is individually fed with maternal before mating, right 10-20 days before breeding Maternal, male parent carries out live body radiation, and radiation source is cobalt substance, and radiation intensity is 1.5-1.8 Wa/㎡, radiated time 30- 40min;Then male parent is surrounded maternal hanging culture by male and female ratio to be cultivated together to natural mating fertilization farrowing, obtains first filial generation Freshwater mussel;
(2)The processing of first filial generation freshwater mussel:Step will be passed through(1)The first filial generation freshwater mussel of gained conventionally cultivates into 6-8cm, then Live body radiation is carried out to it, radiation source is cobalt substance, and radiation intensity is 1.0-1.5 Wa/㎡, radiated time 20-25min, is continued It is spare after cultivating 1-2 months;
(3)The selection of operation freshwater mussel plants core with inserted sheet:Select step(2)The middle shell freshwater mussel without color is as small pieces and the receptor of plant piece Then freshwater mussel carries out inserted sheet or plants core, the method that inserted sheet plants core is same as conventional method;
(4)Grow cultured pearls object bait prepare:First, it is by weight ratio chelating amino acids chromium 30-40%, amino acid chelated iron 20- 30%, amino acid chelated calcium 5-15%, water-soluble porphyrin compound 10-20%, sodium phosphate 10-30%, cromoci 5-8% mixing Manganese liquid must be contained, secondly, conventionally prepare microcapsules containing manganese, the wherein cyst fluid of microcapsules is liquid containing manganese;Manganese will finally be contained Microcapsules are added into according to the weight adding proportion of 10-30% in the conventional bait of pearl culturing clam, to be made;
(5)Hanging culture management:It is inserted after core recuperates after an operation 20-35 days in receptor freshwater mussel and starts to feed step(4)The bait of preparation, until Pearl is formed completely.
2. black pearl cultivating method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step(5)In, after the operation of slotting core It is 900-1000LX/ ㎡/d to use light-illuminating pearl culturing clam, intensity of illumination.
3. black pearl cultivating method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that in step(5)In, it carries out inserting core After operation recuperation a period of time, pearl culturing clam is taken out, live body radiation is carried out in relative closure environment, radiation source is still cobalt object Matter, radiation intensity are 1.2-1.8 Wa/㎡, radiated time 10-15min.
CN201810303439.XA 2018-04-07 2018-04-07 Black pearl cultivating method Pending CN108477036A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110637759A (en) * 2019-10-10 2020-01-03 重庆润丰农业开发有限公司 Breeding method and device for golden dragon loaches

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
小林新二郎等: "《珍珠的研究》", 31 January 1966 *
小林新二郎等: "金属离子", 《珍珠的研究》 *
李平等: "《香稻的理由与技术》", 30 June 2011 *
罗景桂: "《放射生物学》", 30 October 1996, 中国农业出版社 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110637759A (en) * 2019-10-10 2020-01-03 重庆润丰农业开发有限公司 Breeding method and device for golden dragon loaches

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