CN108476893A

CN108476893A - A kind of high efficiency, low cost organic agronomic crop implantation methods

Info

Publication number: CN108476893A
Application number: CN201810340937.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 文映雪
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2018-04-17
Filing date: 2018-04-17
Publication date: 2018-09-04
Anticipated expiration: 2038-04-17
Also published as: CN108476893B

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of high efficiency, low cost organic agronomic crop implantation methods, include the following steps：(1) selection of land：Paddy field, two tablelands and three tablelands are selected, rotary tillage soil-working is then carried out, rotary tillage depth is 15 30cm；(2) rape cake crushing is sprinkling upon on paddy field by the rice cultivation on paddy field before plantation, and with soil mixing, amount of application is 60 80kg mus；(3) two tablelands are divided into first piece, second piece, third block and the 4th piece of four parts from down to up, plant different crops respectively；Plant spade in three tablelands upper end；Residue plantation peanut, then plant last kind of soybean of rapeseed.The present invention classifies to soil, then its cultivation mode is studied, crop yield is also improved while cost is reduced, in addition, there is no apply excessive metallic element and other harmful substances to soil or crops in planting process, the cropping pattern of the organic agronomic crop of high efficiency, low cost is realized, and then improves its economic benefit.

Description

A kind of high efficiency, low cost organic agronomic crop implantation methods

Technical field

The invention belongs to agricultural plantation technology fields, and in particular to a kind of high efficiency, low cost organic agronomic crop implantation methods.

Background technology

In recent years, with the exposure of the deterioration of ecological environment and food safety affair, need of the consumer to pollution-free crop Ask also constantly growth, development organic agronomic crop that there are boundless market prospects, it may have preferable comprehensive benefit.

Currently, in hilly country, a tableland, two tablelands and three kinds of three tablelands soil can be divided into from the landform positions of distribution Location.One tableland is located at mound body lower part, 6 ° of the general ＜ of the gradient, and soil is purple soil, and soil thickness is mostly 60cm or more；Two tablelands It is distributed in the middle part of the body of mound, is located on a tableland, the gradient is generally 6-15 °, and soil is boccaro soil, and soil thickness is mostly 40- 60cm；Three tablelands are distributed in mound body middle and upper part or brae, and the gradient is generally 15-25 °, and soil is purple stone frame soil, and soil layer is thick Degree is mostly 40cm or less.

Organic agronomic crop is planted in above-mentioned landform, it is harsher to crop specie requirement, while in planting process In it is relatively low to the utilization rate in soil, to after harvest crops generate waste be not also reasonably utilized, cause to give birth to It produces of high cost, thereby reduces its economic benefit.

Invention content

For above-mentioned deficiency in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of high efficiency, low cost organic agronomic crop plantation sides Method can be solved the problems, such as effectively of high cost low with economic benefit in existing organic agronomic crop planting process.

To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is：

A kind of high efficiency, low cost organic agronomic crop implantation methods, include the following steps：

(1) selection of land：Paddy field, two tablelands and three tablelands are selected, rotary tillage soil-working is then carried out, rotary tillage depth is 15-30cm；Its In, paddy field, two tablelands and three tableland area ratios are 3-4:7-9:3-4；

(2) rape cake crushing is sprinkling upon on paddy field by the rice cultivation on paddy field before plantation, and with soil mixing, amount of application is 60-80kg mus；

(3) two tablelands are divided into first piece, second piece, third block and the 4th piece of four parts from down to up, first piece, Two pieces, third block and the 4th piece of area ratio are 0.5-0.8:1.2-1.8:2.5-4:2.5-4；

Additive is sprinkling upon on arable land, amount of application is by first piece of upper ginger of planting on two tablelands 1-2 days before plantation 15-25kg/ mus, implantation time is the first tenday period of a month in late April to May, line-spacing 35-40cm, hill spacing 20-25cm；Wait for ginger maturation Afterwards, it harvests, site preparation, continues to plant potato, plant 3200-3500 plants of potato, spacing in the rows 30-35cm per acre；Wherein, it adds Agent is prepared by the following method to obtain：It is 5-10 by weight by humic acid, the dry leaf of bamboo, sawdust：5-10：25-35 is mixed, and is crushed At the particle of 2-3cm, be then added containing Paecilomyces lilacinus be 0.5-0.8 ‰ aqueous solution, Paecilomyces lilacinus account for humic acid, The 20-25% of these three substance gross masses of the dry leaf of bamboo, sawdust, then stirs evenly, and is made；

Potato is first planted on second piece on two tablelands, before planting crushes dry pea branches and leaves and dry peanut branches and leaves With soil mixing, it is late March to April to use dry pea branches and leaves 10-20kg, dry peanut branches and leaves 8-15kg, implantation time per acre Just, 3500-4000 plants of potato, spacing in the rows 35-40cm are planted per acre；Potato is harvested in late August, then site preparation, fertilising After plant waxy corn, waxy corn hill spacing is 50-60cm, and fertilizer is phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, applies phosphate fertilizer 25-30kg, potash fertilizer 4- per acre 5kg；

Pea and non-irrigated corn are planted on third block on two tablelands, implantation time is at the beginning of 4 months, and the area for planting pea accounts for 1/4, plantation closes on second piece of ground, and fertilizer is applied in ground by the non-irrigated corn of residual area plantation before planting, used in pea patch Fertilizer is pig manure, and amount of application is 100-150kg/ mus, and non-irrigated milpa applies 70kg/ mus of phosphate fertilizer, 5kg/ mus of potash fertilizer；Wait for pea and drought After harvest corn, retain cornstalk, plants potato, need not apply fertilizer during potato planting.

Fertilizer, is first uniformly applied in ground by the 4th piece of whole kinds of the ground Brassica campestris L seedling on two tablelands before planting rape, Fertilizer type and dosage are respectively：40-50kg/ mus of rape cake, 6kg/ mus of biological compound fertilizer, 50kg/ mus of phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer 5kg/ Mu；Continue kind of a potato after harvest rape, plant before potato and do not have to fertilising in management process, harvested plant after potato it is black Beans crush rape straw before kind of black soya bean, are mixed with soil, then plant black soya bean again, and rape straw usage amount is 30-40kg/ mus.

(4) three tablelands

The area in three tablelands upper end 2/5 is used for planting spade；Residue arable land, cultivated peanut in mid or late April, in early September Peanut is received, then the kind rapeseed when receiving peanut carries out nursery, start kind of a soybean after the Brassica campestris L seedling cultivated is removed, planting Rape straw is crushed before planting, mixes with soil, is then planted again, rape straw usage amount is 50-60kg/ mus.

Further, additive is prepared by the following method to obtain：It is 6 by weight by humic acid, the dry leaf of bamboo, sawdust： 8：32 mixing, are ground into the particle of 2-3cm, and the aqueous solution for being 0.6 ‰ containing Paecilomyces lilacinus, Paecilomyces lilacinus is then added Account for humic acid, the dry leaf of bamboo, sawdust these three substance gross masses 22%, then stir evenly, be made.

Further, the amount of application of additive is 20kg/ mus.

High efficiency, low cost organic agronomic crop implantation methods provided by the invention, have the advantages that：

(1) humic acid used in the present invention is the larger molecular organics matter being widely present in nature, is mainly planted A kind of organic substance that object remains are accumulated by the decomposition and conversion etc. of microorganism, it is resourceful, it is of low cost, it can work as Make fertilizer, soil conditioner adjusts the acid-base value of ginger growth course mesostroma.

Sawdust, it is at low cost, the matrix filler in ginger cultivation is can be used as, the gap of matrix can be increased, is protected Demonstrate,prove ginger fast-growth.

Paecilomyces lilacinus can kill the nematode in soil, and in conjunction with humic acid and sawdust, can be provided for ginger must The nutriment wanted, while can also ensure required oxygen in ginger growth course, in addition, additive is at low cost, by waste It efficiently uses, reduces its pollution on the environment.

(2) second piece on two tablelands is upper plants potato, and fertilizer is dry pea branches and leaves and dry peanut branches and leaves, by this A little branches and leaves crushing are mixed with soil, during potato growth, these branches and leaves can in soil moisture and microorganism into Its macromolecular can be resolved into small molecule and provide nutrition for potato, promote growth by row reaction.

After harvesting potato, soil can be suitble to corn planting than more loose, long with that can be easier during corn growth Extend in the soil, fixed conducive to it, prevents its lodging on ground.(3) it on the third block on two tablelands, after harvest corn, protects Cornstalk is stayed, then plants potato, cornstalk is fought for potato, and battalion can also be provided for potato while cornstalk rots Substance is supported, is conducive to potato fast-growth, improves its yield.

(4) three tableland upper end opposing lower portions, degree of drought is relatively higher, and spade drought tolerance is stronger, in the condition Under can be with normal growth, the fractions in soil and soil can be also flowed into following arable land with rainwater, be following Crops certain fertilizer and nutriment are provided.

(5) present invention classifies to soil, and selects crop specie, is then ground to its cultivation mode Study carefully, in entire planting process, it is as rainwater flows into following field respectively to plant the part fertilizer of ground or nutriment In, by the implantation methods of the present invention, crop yield can be effectively improved while cost is reduced, in addition, in planting process In there is no excessive metallic element and other harmful substances are applied to soil or crops, realize the organic of high efficiency, low cost The cropping pattern of crops, and then improve its economic benefit.

Specific implementation mode

Embodiment 1

(1) selection of land：Select 3.5 mu of paddy field, 8 mu of two tableland, three 3.5 mu, then carry out rotary tillage soil-working, rotary tillage depth is 25-30cm；

(2) rape cake crushing is sprinkling upon on paddy field by the rice cultivation on paddy field before plantation, and with soil mixing, amount of application is 60kg mus, remaining process is identical as general planting process；

(3) two tablelands are divided into first piece, second piece, third block and the 4th piece of four parts from down to up, first piece, Two pieces, third block and the 4th piece of area are respectively 0.5 mu, 1.5 mu, 3 mu, 3 mu；

First piece of upper plantation ginger on two tablelands, implantation time is between the first tenday period of a month in late April to May, 1- before planting 2 days, be 6 by weight by humic acid, the dry leaf of bamboo, sawdust：8：32 mixing, are ground into the particle of 2-3cm, are then added containing pale purple The aqueous solution that paecilomycerol is 0.6 ‰, stirs evenly, additive is sprinkling upon first piece of ground the most, and wherein Paecilomyces lilacinus accounts for The 22% of humic acid, the dry leaf of bamboo, sawdust these three substance gross masses, spreads 20kg additives per acre；Ginger cultivation line-spacing is 35- 40cm, hill spacing 20-25cm；After ginger maturation, harvesting, site preparation continues to plant potato, plants potato 3200 per acre Strain, spacing in the rows 30-35cm；

Potato is first planted on second piece on two tablelands, before planting crushes dry pea branches and leaves and dry peanut branches and leaves With soil mixing, dry pea branches and leaves 15kg, dry peanut branches and leaves 10kg are used per acre, then plants potato, implantation time is March Between at the beginning of the last ten-days period to 4 months, 4000 plants of potato, spacing in the rows 35-40cm are planted per acre；Potato is harvested in late August, it is then whole Waxy corn is planted on ground after fertilising, waxy corn hill spacing is 50-60cm, and fertilizer is phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, applies phosphate fertilizer 28kg, potash fertilizer per acre 5kg；

Pea and non-irrigated corn are planted on third block on two tablelands, implantation time is at the beginning of 4 months, and the area for planting pea accounts for 1/4, plantation closes on second piece of ground, and fertilizer is applied in ground by the non-irrigated corn of residual area plantation before planting, used in pea patch Fertilizer is pig manure, and amount of application is 120kg/ mus, and non-irrigated milpa applies 70kg/ mus of phosphate fertilizer, 5kg/ mus of potash fertilizer；Wait for pea and non-irrigated corn After harvest, retain cornstalk, plants potato, cornstalk is fought for potato, can also be Ma Ling while cornstalk rots Potato provides nutriment, therefore need not this time apply fertilizer.

Fertilizer, is first uniformly applied in ground by the 4th piece of whole kinds of the ground Brassica campestris L seedling on two tablelands before planting rape, Fertilizer type and dosage are respectively：50kg/ mus of rape cake, 6kg/ mus of biological compound fertilizer, 50kg/ mus of phosphate fertilizer, 5kg/ mus of potash fertilizer；This The Brassica campestris L seedling that Brassica campestris L seedling used in ground is cultivated on three tablelands；Continue kind of a potato after harvest rape, plant before potato and Do not have to fertilising in management process, plant black soya bean after having harvested potato, crush rape straw before kind of black soya bean, is mixed with soil, so Plant black soya bean again afterwards, rape straw usage amount is 35kg/ mus.

(4) three tablelands

1.4 mu of three tablelands the top be used for plant spade, spade is drought-enduring, can on three tablelands normal growth, reduce Production cost；

Residue arable land, cultivates peanut in mid or late April, receives peanut in early September, the kind rapeseed when receiving peanut is two Kind rape starts kind of a soybean after removing the Brassica campestris L seedling planted, before planting crushes rape straw for seedling on the ground, is mixed with soil, Then soybean is planted again, and rape straw usage amount is 50kg/ mus.

The planted crop harvesting in above-mentioned every piece of ground followed by plants down a kind of crops, cycle plantation is carried out in this way, above-mentioned The plantation parameter that do not mentioned in planting process all carries out in a conventional way.

Embodiment 2

2 difference from Example 1 of embodiment is that first on two tablelands piece is upper to plant ginger, will be rotten before plantation It is 5 to grow acid, the dry leaf of bamboo, sawdust by weight：5：25 mixing, are ground into the particle of 2-3cm, are then added and contain Paecilomyces lilacinus It for 0.8 ‰ aqueous solution, stirs evenly, additive is sprinkling upon first piece of ground the most, and wherein Paecilomyces lilacinus accounts for humic acid, does The 25% of these three substance gross masses of the leaf of bamboo, sawdust, spreads 25kg additives per acre, remaining is same as Example 1.

Embodiment 3

2 difference from Example 1 of embodiment is that first on two tablelands piece is upper to plant ginger, will be rotten before plantation It is 10 to grow acid, the dry leaf of bamboo, sawdust by weight：10：35 mixing, are ground into the particle of 2-3cm, are then added and contain Paecilomyces lilacinus The aqueous solution that bacterium is 0.5 ‰, stirs evenly, and additive the most is sprinkling upon first piece of ground, wherein Paecilomyces lilacinus account for humic acid, The 20% of these three substance gross masses of the dry leaf of bamboo, sawdust, spreads 25kg additives per acre, remaining is same as Example 1.

The yield of planting patterns using the present invention, each crops improves compared with individually planting each crops 15-25%, because being filled the rape cake obtained after the stalk of crops or rapeseed oil in planting process It point utilizes, cost substantially reduces, each crops is individually planted with using conventional implantation methods, cost reduction 40- 50%.

Claims

1. a kind of high efficiency, low cost organic agronomic crop implantation methods, which is characterized in that include the following steps：

(1) selection of land：Paddy field, two tablelands and three tablelands are selected, rotary tillage soil-working is then carried out, rotary tillage depth is 15-30cm；Wherein, Paddy field, two tablelands and three tableland area ratios are 3-4:7-9:3-4；

(2) rape cake crushing is sprinkling upon on paddy field, with soil mixing, amount of application 60- by the rice cultivation on paddy field before plantation 80kg mus；

(3) two tablelands are divided into first piece, second piece, third block and the 4th piece of four parts from down to up, first piece, second Block, third block and the 4th piece of area ratio are 0.5-0.8:1.2-1.8:2.5-4:2.5-4；

Additive is sprinkling upon on arable land, amount of application 15- by first piece of upper ginger of planting on two tablelands 1-2 days before plantation 25kg/ mus, implantation time is the first tenday period of a month in late April to May, line-spacing 35-40cm, hill spacing 20-25cm；After ginger maturation, Harvesting, site preparation continue to plant potato, plant 3200-3500 plants of potato, spacing in the rows 30-35cm per acre；Wherein, additive It is prepared by the following method to obtain：It is 5-10 by weight by humic acid, the dry leaf of bamboo, sawdust：5-10：25-35 is mixed, and is ground into Then the particle of 2-3cm is added containing the aqueous solution that Paecilomyces lilacinus is 0.5-0.8 ‰, Paecilomyces lilacinus accounts for humic acid, does The 20-25% of these three substance gross masses of the leaf of bamboo, sawdust, then stirs evenly, and is made；

Potato is first planted on second piece on two tablelands, before planting crushes dry pea branches and leaves and dry peanut branches and leaves and soil Earth mixing uses dry pea branches and leaves 10-20kg, dry peanut branches and leaves 8-15kg, at the beginning of implantation time is late March to 4 months, often per acre Mu 3500-4000 plants of potato of plantation, spacing in the rows 35-40cm；Potato is harvested in late August, then site preparation, is planted after fertilising Waxy corn, waxy corn hill spacing are 50-60cm, and fertilizer is phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, applies phosphate fertilizer 25-30kg, potash fertilizer 4-5kg per acre；

Pea and non-irrigated corn are planted on third block on two tablelands, implantation time is at the beginning of 4 months, and the area for planting pea accounts for 1/4, It, which is planted, closes on second piece of ground, and fertilizer is applied in ground by the non-irrigated corn of residual area plantation before planting, fertilizer used in pea patch For pig manure, amount of application is 100-150kg/ mus, and non-irrigated milpa applies 70kg/ mus of phosphate fertilizer, 5kg/ mus of potash fertilizer；Wait for pea and non-irrigated corn After harvest, retain cornstalk, plants potato, need not apply fertilizer during potato planting；

Fertilizer, is first uniformly applied in ground, fertilizer by the 4th piece of whole kinds of the ground Brassica campestris L seedling on two tablelands before planting rape Type and dosage are respectively：40-50kg/ mus of rape cake, 6kg/ mus of biological compound fertilizer, 50kg/ mus of phosphate fertilizer, 5kg/ mus of potash fertilizer；It receives It obtains and continues kind of a potato after rape, plant before potato and do not have to fertilising in management process, black soya bean is planted after having harvested potato, Rape straw is crushed before kind black soya bean, is mixed with soil, then plants black soya bean again, rape straw usage amount is 30-40kg/ mus；

(4) three tablelands

The area in three tablelands upper end 2/5 is used for planting spade；Residue arable land, cultivates peanut in mid or late April, receives and spends in early September Raw, then the kind rapeseed when receiving peanut carries out nursery, starts kind of a soybean after the Brassica campestris L seedling cultivated is removed, before planting Rape straw is crushed, mixes with soil, is then planted again, rape straw usage amount is 50-60kg/ mus.

2. high efficiency, low cost organic agronomic crop implantation methods according to claim 1, which is characterized in that additive by with Lower section method is prepared：It is 6 by weight by humic acid, the dry leaf of bamboo, sawdust：8：32 mixing, are ground into the particle of 2-3cm, so The aqueous solution for being 0.6 ‰ containing Paecilomyces lilacinus is added afterwards, Paecilomyces lilacinus accounts for humic acid, the dry leaf of bamboo, sawdust these three objects The 22% of matter gross mass, then stirs evenly, and is made.

3. high efficiency, low cost organic agronomic crop implantation methods according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the application of additive Amount is 20kg/ mus.