CN108474061A - 富含锂的冶金矿渣 - Google Patents
富含锂的冶金矿渣 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Li2O Inorganic materials [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XUCJHNOBJLKZNU-UHFFFAOYSA-M dilithium;hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[OH-] XUCJHNOBJLKZNU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- RRMGGYGDQCMPKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold lithium Chemical compound [Li].[Au] RRMGGYGDQCMPKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- CNLWCVNCHLKFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;lithium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Li+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O CNLWCVNCHLKFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052642 spodumene Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002241 glass-ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002642 lithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241001131796 Botaurus stellaris Species 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000905 alloy phase Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052822 amblygonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000174 eucryptite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052670 petalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002974 CaO–SiO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HEHRHMRHPUNLIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;hydroxy-[hydroxy(oxo)silyl]oxy-oxosilane;lithium Chemical compound [Li].[Al].O[Si](=O)O[Si](O)=O.O[Si](=O)O[Si](O)=O HEHRHMRHPUNLIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010908 decantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B26/00—Obtaining alkali, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- C22B26/10—Obtaining alkali metals
- C22B26/12—Obtaining lithium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/062—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/083—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound
- C03C3/085—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal
- C03C3/087—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal containing calcium oxide, e.g. common sheet or container glass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/02—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by dry processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
- C22B7/003—Dry processes only remelting, e.g. of chips, borings, turnings; apparatus used therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/04—Working-up slag
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Abstract
本发明涉及具有高锂含量的矿渣组合物，其适合作为制造最终用户产品的添加剂或用于含锂的经济回收。实际上锂浓度与锂辉石浓度相媲美，锂辉石是生产锂的经典矿物。该矿渣的特征在于根据以下的组成：3％<Li2O<20％；1％<MnO<7％；38％<Al2O3<65％；CaO<55％；以及，SiO2<45％。
Description
本发明涉及具有高锂含量的矿渣组合物，其适合作为制造最终用户产品的添加剂或用于含锂的经济回收。
锂通常来自矿床或盐卤水。由于下面详述的原因，锂二次材料的价值评估和回收已成为一个重要的经济和环境问题。
商业矿床的锂含量(以Li2O表示)通常低于3％(全部以重量表示)。使用普通采矿技术诸如研磨、分级和浮选可将矿石浓缩至4％至8％。矿物质浓缩物可直接用于最终产品或用于制备诸如碳酸锂或氢氧化锂等纯化合物。从盐卤水中提取的锂主要用于生产纯锂化合物。
锂存在于超过100种不同的矿物中，但实际上仅从锂辉石(Li2O.Al2O3.4SiO2)、红云母(KLi2Al(Al,Si)3O10(F,OH)2)、透锂长石(LiAlSi4O10)、磷铝锂石(Li,Na)AlPO4(F,OH)和锂霞石(LiAlSiO4)提取。
对于某些应用，需要矿物质浓缩物和纯化合物，诸如在玻璃、陶瓷和玻璃陶瓷制造中。对于其它应用，如润滑脂、铝熔炼和可再充电电池，只需要纯化合物。此外，锂在锂原电池中以及在特定的药物和催化剂中呈金属形式。
在可再充电电池中纯锂化合物的需求预计将在不久的将来超过所有其它应用中锂化合物的需求。因此回收含锂电池是一个主要议题，如果这些电池中含有的钴和镍可连同与锂一起有价值，则经济驱动力将进一步提高。火法冶金工艺使它们很好地达到了这个结合目标。
在对于例如含锂电池的回收使用熔融浴炉的已知火法冶金工艺中，助熔化合物的添加导致形成矿渣，其中收集更易氧化的元素诸如铝、硅和锂；不易被氧化的元素诸如铜、镍和钴被收集在单独的合金相中。
当在熔融浴炉中处理锂电池时，Al2O3是一种重要但不可避免的矿渣成分：金属铝实际上通常存在于电极或壳体中，并且尽管保持强烈的还原条件以形成合金，但会氧化。传统上，添加CaO和SiO2作为助熔化合物以使矿渣的熔点降低到合理的工作温度。由于助熔剂对锂的稀释，得到的矿渣经济价值低。此外，它可能含有大量的重金属，妨碍其在某些应用中的重复使用。
现已发现，高浓度的Li2O与MnO结合可降低含有大量Al2O3的矿渣的粘度。结果，需要较少的CaO和SiO2作为助熔剂，从而避免了锂稀释效应。然而，通过考虑组合物的特定界限、熔点和粘度的实际工作条件达到低于1700℃或甚至低于1600℃。考虑到较低的能量需求和炉衬寿命的延长，后者的温度限制是有利的。
更具体地，合适的含Li2O的冶金矿渣应该包含：
3％<Li2O<20％；
1％<MnO<7％；
38％<Al2O3<65％；
CaO<55％；以及
SiO2<45％。
图1将以上定义的域作为CaO-SiO2-(83％Al2O3+17％Li2O)相图上的阴影区域示出。应该注意的是，这种表示仅仅是近似的和指示性的：它仅仅适用于固定的，即使典型的Al2O3与Li2O比率为83比17，并且不考虑诸如MnO或FeO的其它化合物。
Li2O的下限为3％，助熔剂CaO和SiO2的上限分别为55％和45％，这确定了锂的价格保持经济的域，而不会由于稀释而导致过高的罚款。
Al2O3含量的上限以及CaO和SiO2之和的下限确保矿渣熔点保持低于1700℃。通过将Al2O3限制到55％，可能会进一步降低温度，降至1600℃以下。
矿渣主要由Al2O3、SiO2、CaO、Li2O和MnO组成，这5种化合物形成总组合物的至少73％。其它典型的可能存在的化合物是FeO和MgO。在一个优选的实施方案中，上述主要化合物应表示超过总矿渣组合物的80％。
Li2O浓度优选高于5％，更优选高于10％。这确保了当处理矿渣以得到纯锂化合物时锂如例如碳酸盐或氢氧化物一样具有更好的回收率。对此的合适工艺可以是已知的酸性或碱性浸提工艺中的任一种，类似于锂辉石回收锂的那些工艺。
在矿渣中Li2O的上限是实际的，因为当浓度达到超过20％时其粘度变得不实用。
当与最小量的MnO结合时，SiO2的上限有助于保持矿渣的粘度足够低，即使在接近熔点的温度下也是如此。低粘度对于允许金属合金相的快速和完全沉降是重要的。实际上滗析不足会导致合金液滴保持分散在矿渣中。这会危及钴的收率。
MnO作为玻璃、陶瓷和玻璃陶瓷制造中的添加剂也是有益的。实际上通常添加MnO以获得棕色至紫色的颜色。MnO还用于模具粉末中，其提供润滑并控制例如在钢坯铸造中的传热。
在熔炼期间需要适当的还原水平以收集合金相中的钴和镍。较低水平的还原会限制矿渣的重复使用，以适应氧化钴实际上受欢迎的罕见应用，如用于制造蓝色玻璃。然而，可能妨碍更通用的重用。
事实上，目前的欧洲REACH法规涉及化学物质的生产和使用以及它们对人类健康的潜在影响(参见CLP法规(EC)No 1272/2008的附录VI)。因此，为了确定物质的分类，钴氧化物以及钴金属因此被考虑在内。两种含钴物质都有显着贡献，但其它典型的矿渣杂质也必须考虑在内。鉴于有利的分类，矿渣中钴的总含量小于1％是优选的，小于0.5％是更优选的。
根据优选的实施方案，选择低于25％，或者更优选低于15％的SiO2浓度。减少SiO2的具体好处，由此选择图1中阴影区域左下部分的工作条件为：
-SiO2倾向于增加矿渣的粘度，这是不期望的；
-SiO2妨碍了一些锂精炼步骤。
根据一个优选实施方案，选择低于25％，或更优选低于15％的CaO浓度。选择图1中阴影区右上部分的工作条件的具体好处为：
-获得更浓缩的锂矿渣，因为锂不会被CaO稀释；更多的Li2O意味着需要更少的CaO来保证低粘度，因为就此效应而言假设Li2O可取代CaO；
-因为钙通常以含有碳酸盐的石灰石的形式添加，所以需要大量的能量来转化成CaO，从而释放不需要的CO2；
-CaO贫化的矿渣可用于钙不能很好耐受的应用中，诸如玻璃陶瓷制造；
-当处理矿渣作为纯化合物回收锂时，还期望的是低CaO含量。实际上钙会妨碍一些纯化步骤。
在本发明的另一个实施方案中，限定了用于熔炼含锂电池以及它们的组分或它们的废料的火法冶金工艺，从而根据上述特性生产含金属的合金和含Li2O的冶金矿渣。
下面的实施例说明了不同的实施方案。
使用一种装置，该装置包括配备有用于将气体直接吹入位于熔融金属合金顶部的矿渣层的喷枪的浴熔炉。提供熔融矿渣的所谓起始浴，诸如从类似条件下的先前操作中提供。
用过的可再充电锂离子电池以100kg/h的速率进料至炉中，同时分别以10kg/h和5.5kg/h的速率添加石灰石(CaCO3)和砂(SiO2)。通过喷枪提供每吨电池大约38Nm3O2为炉提供热量。选择该量是以便保证强烈的还原条件，即导致形成收集铜、镍、铁和钴的合金，每种合金的收率相对于总元素投入量优选超过95％。
在这种具体情况下，该工艺似乎是自生的，因为不需要额外的燃料。这是由于处理过的废电池中还原剂的量较高，诸如金属铝(约6％)和碳(约20％至25％)。浴温达到介于1400℃至1700℃之间，这适合于保持矿渣和合金的充分流动性，以便于出渣和处理。然后周期性或连续地出渣制造的合金和矿渣。
表1按小时为基础显示了该工艺的输入和输出相的量和分析。括号内的数字对应于元素浓度，其表示为矿渣中假定占优势的主要氧化物质的重量百分比。具有超过50％的锂的报告给矿渣，而少量部分随烟气逸出。矿渣是流体并且没有金属液滴。
表2示出使用类似工艺获得的其它矿渣组成。这些矿渣对应于上述合适的含Li2O的冶金矿渣，并且/或者根据所述第一优选实施方案或第二优选实施方案。
表1：按小时为基础的工艺的输入和输出相
表2：所生产的其它矿渣的组成
所描述的冶金矿渣适用于熔炼工艺本身：它们允许在诸如锂之类的更易氧化的金属和诸如钴和镍的较不易氧化的金属之间进行期望的分离。矿渣中的Li2O含量可能达到远高于矿物质发现的浓度，使矿渣成为锂回收的经济来源。该工艺还允许回收其它有价值的金属，特别是在合金中以金属形式浓缩的钴和镍。
Claims (7)
1.一种包含Al2O3、SiO2、CaO和MnO的含Li2O的冶金矿渣，其特征在于根据以下的按重量计的组成：
3％<Li2O<20％；
1％<MnO<7％；
38％<Al2O3<65％；
CaO<55％；以及
SiO2<45％。
2.根据权利要求1所述的含Li2O的冶金矿渣，其特征在于，所述Li2O浓度高于5％，更优选高于10％。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的含Li2O的冶金矿渣，其特征在于，所述SiO2浓度低于25％或更优选低于15％。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的含Li2O的冶金矿渣，其特征在于，所述CaO浓度低于25％，更优选低于15％。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的含Li2O的冶金矿渣，其特征在于，所述Al2O3浓度、SiO2浓度、CaO浓度、MnO浓度和Li2O浓度的总和高于80％。
6.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的含Li2O的冶金矿渣在熔炼工艺中的用途，其中将含锂电池、它们的组分或它们的废料进料至所述工艺，以便生产含金属合金和所述含锂冶金矿渣。
7.根据权利要求6所述的含Li2O的冶金矿渣在熔炼工艺中的用途，其中所述矿渣中的总钴低于0.5％。
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