CN108467772B - 全合成铝合金磨削液及其制备方法 - Google Patents

全合成铝合金磨削液及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108467772B
CN108467772B CN201810276409.4A CN201810276409A CN108467772B CN 108467772 B CN108467772 B CN 108467772B CN 201810276409 A CN201810276409 A CN 201810276409A CN 108467772 B CN108467772 B CN 108467772B
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grinding fluid
aluminum alloy
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synthetic aluminum
acid
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庄晓华
李平亮
谢浩
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GUANGZHOU DULANG MEDIUM TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd.
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种全合成铝合金磨削液，按重量％计，包括以下组％：醇胺10％‑30％，pH稳定剂2％‑5％，防锈剂2％‑5％，缓蚀剂0.2％‑1％，润滑剂10％‑30％，有机酸2％‑8％，沉降剂0.1％‑0.5％；所述润滑剂的浊点为55℃～65℃，所述全合成铝合金磨削液的5wt％稀释液的消泡时间小于30s。本发明的全合成铝合金磨削液攻丝扭矩值为134.9～144.6N，润滑性良好，可有效带走铝板磨削过程中产生的热量；具有高浊点的同时具有低泡沫的优点，使得磨削液具有良好的清洗性的同时较少泡沫的产生；与铝合金的接触角小于30°，磨削液对铝合金的润湿性良好，利于提高铝屑的清洗效果，因此非常适合用于铝板DDG加工。

Description

全合成铝合金磨削液及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及金属加工磨削液领域，特别是涉及一种全合成铝合金磨削液及其制备方法。
背景技术
当前的铝板加工，尤其是3C行业大多采用全数控高效双端面精密磨床(DDG)取代原有的计算机数字控制机床(CNC)高速铣削工艺，既节省成本，又提高效率。DDG通过双端面高速磨削将铝板精准地磨成规整三维体型，以方便之后的CNC精加工。双端面高速磨削属于一种渐进式磨削方式，利用两端面砂轮安装时设定的微小磨削角度，磨削余量被依次磨除，实现分层逐级去除磨削。
目前应用的全合成铝合金切削液在DDG应用方面存在一定的缺陷：1、润滑性不足，铝合金具有延展性，磨削产生的热量高，对润滑性要求也高，润滑性好的切削液可以有效降低热量；2、清洗性不好，磨削产生的铝粉非常多且细，需要切削液具有良好的冲洗性能，及时带走铝粉使之不在铝板表面沉积。
发明内容
基于此，有必要提供一种具有良好的润滑性和清洗性的全合成铝合金磨削液。
一种全合成铝合金磨削液，按重量百分比计，包括以下组份：
Figure BDA0001613737820000011
所述润滑剂的浊点为55℃～65℃，所述全合成铝合金磨削液的5wt％稀释液的消泡时间小于30s。
在其中一个实施例中，所述全合成铝合金磨削液按重量百分比计，包括以下组份：
Figure BDA0001613737820000021
在其中一个实施例中，所述的pH稳定剂为2-氨基-2-甲基1-丙醇、单异丙醇胺、二甘醇胺和二羟乙基环己胺中的一种或多种。
在其中一个实施例中，所述防锈剂为十二碳二元酸、癸二酸、三嗪三氨基己酸中的一种或多种。
在其中一个实施例中，所述缓蚀剂为苯并三氮唑、甲基苯并三氮唑、3-氨基-1，2，4-三氮唑，3-氨基-5巯基-1，2，4-三氮唑和巯基噻二唑中的一种或多种。
在其中一个实施例中，所述润滑剂为聚乙二醇聚丙二醇单丁基醚。
在其中一个实施例中，所述有机酸为新癸酸和异壬酸中的一种或两种。
在其中一个实施例中，所述沉降剂为聚氧乙烯氯化二甲亚铵。
本发明还提供上述全合成铝合金磨削液的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
先向反应釜中依次加入醇胺、水、防锈剂和缓蚀剂，搅拌至固体溶解，然后分别加入pH稳定剂、润滑剂、有机酸和沉降剂，搅拌均匀，即得。
本发明通过对磨削液进行大量实验研究，特别是对影响磨削液清洗性的因素进行研究分析，发现润滑剂的浊点对磨削液的清洗性有很大影响。本发明经过实验研究分析发现，磨削液清洗性下降的原因可能是由于金属磨削过程中产生热量使磨削液温度升高，低浊点的润滑剂在此情况下容易析出而包裹磨削粉屑使其沉降在工件表面，残留在工件表面的粉屑则会造成磨削纹的出现，磨削效果差。此外，传统的磨削液中添加的润滑剂，特别是浊点较高的润滑剂普遍存在产生大量泡沫的问题，虽然通过添加消泡剂的方法可以去除泡沫，然而，在实际应用中，消泡剂容易残留在工件表面且随着工件转移而被带走，使切削液无法保持长久的消泡性能，也难以将工件清洗干净而影响工件的使用。本发明的全合成铝合金磨削液通过选用特定的配方组成，尤其是选用浊点为55℃～65℃且能够使磨削液的5％稀释液的消泡时间小于30s的润滑剂，无需使用消泡剂就可以获得良好的润滑和清洗效果。
与现有技术相比，本发明的全合成铝合金磨削液非常适合用于铝合金DDG加工，具体表现为以下有益效果：
本发明的全合成铝合金磨削液攻丝扭矩值为134.9～144.6N，润滑性良好，可有效带走铝板磨削过程中产生的热量；具有高浊点的同时具有低泡沫的优点，使得磨削液具有良好的清洗性的同时较少泡沫的产生；与铝合金的接触角小于30°，磨削液对铝合金的润湿性良好，利于提高铝屑的清洗效果。
另外，本发明选用聚氧乙烯氯化二甲亚铵作为沉降剂，使得磨削液具有合适的粉屑沉降时间，粉屑不在铝板上沉降影响磨削效果，而又能在水箱中沉降，从而保持磨削液清澈，不影响加工时板面的光洁度。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对本发明的全合成铝合金磨削液及其制备方法作进一步详细的说明。
实施例1
本实施例提供的全合成铝合金磨削液，按重量百分比计，包括以下组份：三乙醇胺20％，单异丙醇胺5％，十二碳二元酸2％，苯并三氮唑0.5％，3-氨基-1，2，4-三氮唑0.5％，聚乙二醇聚丙二醇单丁基醚(浊点为55℃)30％，新癸酸4％，异壬酸4％，聚氧乙烯氯化二甲亚铵0.1％，余量为水。
上述的全合成铝合金磨削液的制备方法，包括以下步骤：先向反应釜中依次加入三乙醇胺、水、十二碳二元酸、苯并三氮唑、3-氨基-1，2，4-三氮唑，搅拌至固体溶解，然后分别加入单异丙醇胺、聚乙二醇聚丙二醇单丁基醚、新癸酸、异壬酸、聚氧乙烯氯化二甲亚铵，搅拌均匀，即得。
实施例2
本实施例提供的全合成铝合金磨削液，按重量百分比计，包括以下组份：三乙醇胺10％，二甘醇胺2％，癸二酸2％、三嗪三氨基己酸3％，甲基苯并三氮唑0.1％，3-氨基-5巯基-1，2，4-三氮唑0.1％，聚乙二醇聚丙二醇单丁基醚(浊点为65℃)10％，新癸酸2％，聚氧乙烯氯化二甲亚铵0.5％，余量为水。
上述的全合成铝合金磨削液的制备方法，包括以下步骤：先向反应釜中依次加入三乙醇胺、水、癸二酸、三嗪三氨基己酸、甲基苯并三氮唑、3-氨基-5巯基-1，2，4-三氮唑，搅拌至固体溶解，然后分别加入二甘醇胺、聚乙二醇聚丙二醇单丁基醚、新癸酸、聚氧乙烯氯化二甲亚铵，搅拌均匀，即得。
实施例3
本实施例提供的全合成铝合金磨削液，按重量百分比计，包括以下组份：三乙醇胺20％，2-氨基-2-甲基1-丙醇3％，癸二酸3％，巯基噻二唑0.4％，聚乙二醇聚丙二醇单丁基醚(浊点为55℃)25％，异壬酸4％，聚氧乙烯氯化二甲亚铵0.4％，余量为水。
上述的全合成铝合金磨削液的制备方法，包括以下步骤：先向反应釜中依次加入三乙醇胺、水、癸二酸、巯基噻二唑，搅拌至固体溶解，然后分别加入2-氨基-2-甲基1-丙醇、聚乙二醇聚丙二醇单丁基醚、异壬酸、聚氧乙烯氯化二甲亚铵，搅拌均匀，即得。
实施例4
本实施例提供的全合成铝合金磨削液，按重量百分比计，包括以下组份：三乙醇胺20％，二羟乙基环己胺4％，三嗪三氨基己酸4％，苯并三氮唑0.4％，巯基噻二唑0.4％，聚乙二醇聚丙二醇单丁基醚(浊点为65℃)15％，新癸酸3％，异壬酸3％，聚氧乙烯氯化二甲亚铵0.2％，余量为水。
上述的全合成铝合金磨削液的制备方法，包括以下步骤：先向反应釜中依次加入三乙醇胺、水、三嗪三氨基己酸、苯并三氮唑、巯基噻二唑，搅拌至固体溶解，然后分别加入二羟乙基环己胺、聚乙二醇聚丙二醇单丁基醚、新癸酸、异壬酸、聚氧乙烯氯化二甲亚铵，搅拌均匀，即得。
实施例5
本实施例提供的全合成铝合金磨削液，按重量百分比计，包括以下组份：三乙醇胺15％，2-氨基-2-甲基1-丙醇3.5％，十二碳二元酸3.5％，3-氨基-5巯基-1，2，4-三氮唑0.6％，聚乙二醇聚丙二醇单丁基醚(浊点为55℃)20％，新癸酸5％，聚氧乙烯氯化二甲亚铵0.3％，余量为水。
上述的全合成铝合金磨削液的制备方法，包括以下步骤：先向反应釜中依次加入三乙醇胺、水、十二碳二元酸、3-氨基-5巯基-1，2，4-三氮唑，搅拌至固体溶解，然后分别加入2-氨基-2-甲基1-丙醇、聚乙二醇聚丙二醇单丁基醚、新癸酸、聚氧乙烯氯化二甲亚铵，搅拌均匀，即得。
实施例6
本实施例的全合成铝合金磨削液组份及其制备方法与实施例1的相同，除了沉降剂改用为聚[双(2-氯乙基)醚-alt-1,3-双[3-(二甲氨基)丙基]脲]季铵化。
对比例1
本对比例的全合成铝合金磨削液组份及其制备方法与实施例1的相同，除了润滑剂改用为
Figure BDA0001613737820000051
PE 6400(浊点60℃)。
下表为上述实施例提供的全合成铝合金磨削液的性能测试结果。
Figure BDA0001613737820000052
Figure BDA0001613737820000061
接触角的测试采用JC2000C1接触角测定仪测试，测试5％wt稀释液滴到铝合金板表面的接触角。
铝屑沉降时间的测定：5％wt稀释液于具塞量筒中，加入2g现场取回的铝屑，上下摇动100下，静置，看铝屑沉降时间。
攻丝扭矩值的测试采用德国Megatap II攻丝扭矩试验机测试，测试材料为6082铝合金，转速1500rpm。
上述的测试结果表明，本发明的全合成铝合金磨削液攻丝扭矩值为134.9～144.6N，润滑性良好，可有效带走铝板磨削过程中产生的热量；与铝板的接触角小于30°，磨削液对铝板的润湿性良好，利于提高铝屑的清洗效果；具有高浊点的同时具有低泡沫的优点，使得磨削液具有良好的清洗性的同时较少泡沫的产生；本发明采用聚氧乙烯氯化二甲亚铵作为沉降剂，使得磨削液具有合适的粉屑沉降时间，粉屑不在铝板上沉降影响磨削效果，而又能在水箱中沉降，从而保持磨削液清澈，不影响加工时板面的光洁度。因此，本发明的全合成铝合金磨削液非常适合用于铝板DDG加工。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (8)

1.一种全合成铝合金磨削液，其特征在于，按重量百分比计，包括以下组份：
Figure FDA0002929119090000011
所述润滑剂的浊点为55℃～65℃，所述全合成铝合金磨削液的5wt％稀释液的消泡时间小于30s；
所述润滑剂为聚乙二醇聚丙二醇单丁基醚。
2.如权利要求1所述的全合成铝合金磨削液，其特征在于，按重量百分比计，包括以下组份：
Figure FDA0002929119090000012
3.如权利要求1或2所述的全合成铝合金磨削液，其特征在于，所述的pH稳定剂为2-氨基-2-甲基1-丙醇、单异丙醇胺、二甘醇胺和二羟乙基环己胺中的一种或多种。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的全合成铝合金磨削液，其特征在于，所述防锈剂为十二碳二元酸、癸二酸和三嗪三氨基己酸中的一种或多种。
5.如权利要求1或2所述的全合成铝合金磨削液，其特征在于，所述缓蚀剂为苯并三氮唑、甲基苯并三氮唑、3-氨基-1，2，4-三氮唑，3-氨基-5巯基-1，2，4-三氮唑和巯基噻二唑中的一种或多种。
6.如权利要求1或2所述的全合成铝合金磨削液，其特征在于，所述有机酸为新癸酸和异壬酸中的一种或两种。
7.如权利要求1或2所述的全合成铝合金磨削液，其特征在于，所述沉降剂为聚氧乙烯氯化二甲亚铵。
8.一种如权利要求1～7任一项所述全合成铝合金磨削液的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
先向反应釜中依次加入三乙醇胺、水、防锈剂和缓蚀剂，搅拌至固体溶解，然后分别加入pH稳定剂、润滑剂、有机酸和沉降剂，搅拌均匀，即得。
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